精品资料欢迎下载初中被动语态讲解及配套练习一、 主动语态与被动语态的概念：注：及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。例：We listen tothe teacher carefully in class. 主谓宾The teacher is listened toby us carefully in class. 主谓介词短语e laughed at him . He was laughed at by us. 二：注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法时 态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时is doneHe is asked to do this.一般过去时was doneThe story was told by her mother.一般将来时will be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在进行时is being doneThe novel is being written.过去进行时was being doneAt that time the desk was being made. 现在完成时has been doneThe house has been built.过去完成时had been doneThey said that their work had been finished. 过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be planted soon.三、 被动语态的各种句型：、 he song is liked by young people. ( 肯定句 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载、 he song isn t liked by young people（否定句）、 Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? （特殊疑问句）四、 主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：把原句中的宾语改成主语动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态 )原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger. A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面) 五、 特殊句型的被动语态：1 含有使役动词（make /let /have ） 或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带 to 的动词不定式 ，但是在改成被动语态时 ，则一定要把省去的 to 再加上去 ，另外 help 这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带 to,也可不带 to, 但在被动语态 中也必须把 to 加上去。例：Mother often makes me do some housework. I am often made to do some housework by mother. We saw him run into the classroom. He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to 来 to 去记心怀，主动语态to 离去，被动语态to回来。动词： make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth -sb + be +made + to do sthThe boss made the workers work all day The workers _ _ _ work all day by the boss. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载2 .带双宾语的被动语态： teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell 例： he gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me. I was given a pen by her. A pen was given to me by her. My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me. I was bought a new bike by my father. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。1).give / pass / show 与介词 to 搭配。give sb sth sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2).buy / make / cook 与介词 for 搭配。buy sb sth sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I _ _ a book by him. A book _ _ _ me by him . My mother made me a cake . I _ _ a cake by my mother A cake _ _ _ me by my mother . 3 由不及物动词（ vi）+介词/副词宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。例： e should speak to old people politely. Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us). He took away the box. The box was taken away by him. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载4. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时doing 不变。I heard Tom singing just now Tom _ _ _ by me just now . 5.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。We should take care of the old . The old should _ _ _ _ . 有些词组没有被动语态： sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well wash well 六、 没有被动语态的动词：1. 没有被动语态的词 ， 表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如 happen = take place, break out( 爆发)，break down(坏了) 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如 result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear, die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread （传播） , stand, come true, fall asleep, . .大多数系动词： be , feel (摸起来 )，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来 ) taste （尝起来） 等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例： he skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。Many changes have happened in our hometown. The film lasted for 3 hours. 一、单项选择：( ) 1. English _ in Canada. A.speaks B.are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( ) 2. This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 3. This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 4. New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used ( ) 5. Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 6. A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( ) 7. Doctors _ in every part of the world. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( ) 8. Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking ( ) 9. These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( ) 10. The sports meeting _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt ( ) 11. _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are ( ) 12. _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do ( ) 13. Why _ to talk about it yesterday? A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held ( ) 14. Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( ) 15. Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am ( ) 16. The flowers_often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water ( ) 17. The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 18. The teacher made him_ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done ( ) 19. The boy_ streets without paying in the old days. A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean ( ) 20. These children_dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to ( ) 21. Great changes_ in the past ten years in China. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place ( ) 22. Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened ( ) 23. Please pass me another cup. This one_. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken ( ) 24. The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s. A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing ( ) 25. What time _ the door _ every day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close ( ) 26. The apple_very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste C. tastes D. are tasting ( ) 27. You_ more beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at ( ) 28.How dirty the tables are! They need_. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ( ) 29. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended ( ) 30. The old bridge in my hometown_ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt ( ) 31. The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown ( ) 32. Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ( ) 33. Tea _ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow ( ) 34. Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung ( ) 35. The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing ( ) 36. Old people must be looked after well and _ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 37. Old people must _. A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well ( ) 38. Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said ( ) 39. I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given ( ) 40. Really ? Jim the monitor? A. Did, choose to be B. Was, chosen to be C. Has, chosen to be D. Were, chosen to be被动语态配套练习一、单项选择。( )1. One or two man-made satellites _ in our country every year. A. have been sent up B. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up ( )2. Our TV set _ yesterday. A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had been repaired D. would be repaired ( )3. A new building _ in our school next year. A. will be built B. is built C. is being built D. has been built ( )4. Many books on science _ since I went to college. A. were bought B. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought ( )5. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow. A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given ( )6. How _ the Great Pyramid ( 金字塔 )_ many years ago without modern machines. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载A. isbuiltB. would be builtC. have been builtD. was built( ) Food and clothes _ by women. A is often talk about B. are often talked C. are often talked about D. often talked about ( )8. _ the work _ yet ? A. isfinishedB. Willbe finishedC. Has been finished D. Would be finished( )9.Such films _ by children like you. A. must be not seen B. must not be see C. must not seen D. must not be seen ( )10.Trees _ in winter but in spring. A. not can be planted B. can be not planted C. can t be planted D. can not be plant ( )11.This kind of cars _ in Japan ten years ago. A. can only be made B. could only made C. be could only made D. could only be made ( ) 12.Jack often does things foolishly, so he _ sometimes _ by others. A. islaughedB. is laughed atC. was laughedD. has been laughed at( )13.The bear _ to the zoo tomorrow morning. A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent ( )14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city. . A. are put up B. have put up C. have been put D. have been put up ( )15. Such films _ by children like you. A. must be not seen B. must not be see C. must not seen D. must not be seen 二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。1. Some top students _(send) to study in foreign countries once a year. 2.More and more schools _(build) here later. 3. Where are the apples? I think they _(eat) by those boys. 4.Many new things _(invent) in the last ten years. 5.All the shoes _(sell) out last week. 6.How long _ the book _(can keep)? 7. Tom _ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _(not find) easily. 8.The babies here _(take) good care of every day. 9. We _(open) the box and two new coats _(see) in it. 10. His new novel _ (finish) next week. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载三 根据短文意思填空English _(be) very widely _(use). It _(speak) by people in England, the United States, Australia, and many other countries. It _(be) one of the working languages at international meetings. Most international business letters _(write) in English. And quite a few books and magazines _(write) in English, too. If you _(know) English, you _(find) you can _(enjoy) so many books. English _(be) really a bridge to so much knowledge. 一、单项选择15: DDDCB 610: BCABB 1115: BABDB 1620: BABAA 21-25: BAABC 26-30: CCCDA 31-35: ADBDB 3640: DDBDB 参考答案一、 1-5 DBABD 6-10 DCCDC 11-15 DBCDD 二、 1. are sent 2. will be built 3. have been eaten 4. have been invented 5. were sold 6. can be kept7. hid, aren t found8. are taken 9. opened, are seen 10. will be finished 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页精品资料欢迎下载三 . is ，used, is spoken ,is , are written, are written, knew, will find , enjoy, is. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页