其他保存方法OtherPreservationMethodsStillwatersrundeep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深Wherethereislife,thereishope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望教學目標教學目標n認識其他食品保存方法與微生物之關係n認識發展中的食品保存方法與微生物之關係ASEPSISn避免微生物污染n食物的天然阻隔n如組織、表皮、硬殼等n加工的無菌操作n包裝處理Removal of MicroorganismsnFiltrationnjuice,softdrink,beer,wine,waternCentrifugationnSedimentationnWashingHigh Pressure ProcessingnShape,color,andnutrientsofmostfoodsarenotaffected.nCommerciallyavailableinJapansincetheearly1990s.nReferenceChange in inactivation of Zygosaccharomyces bailii with pressure http:/www.wsu.edu/gmhyde/433_web_pages/433Thermal-nontherm-procesg/HighHydroPressure.htmlMPaPsikg/cm2kg/in2114510.19101945.151個標準大氣壓等於101,325Pa0.101325MPaControl of Listeria in meat by high pressure http:/www.amif.org/AMIFResearch/1AMIpressure.pdf#search=High%20Pressure%20listeriaDvalue又出現了Response of BacterianMutantsresistanttohighpressurewerefoundnStressresponsesystemstimulatedPulsed Electric Fields, PEFn短暫高電壓的處理nG較G-耐性強，更不容易殺死n孢子比營養細胞耐性強nStationaryphase比logphase耐性強n傷害細胞膜致細胞死亡n與電的強度、處理時間、處理溫度有關Electrolyzed Oxidizing Watern是利用稀鹽水加以電解，在陽極產生具pH值在26之間、氧化還原電位(oxidationreductionpotential,ORP)為+1,000mV以上，含有效氯並具有殺菌特性之酸性電解水n酸性電解水，具有殺菌能力Electrolyzed waterhttp:/www.ewatersystems.com.au/e-water/electrolyzed-water/how-does-it-work/電解水處理電解水處理 Listeria 菌菌LiuandSu,2006處理處理 E. coli, Salmonella和和 Listeria 菌菌Venkitanarayananetal.,1999Manothermosonicationn或稱為Thermoultrasonicationn同時結合熱與超音波處理nEffectiveinreducingthethermalresistanceofenzymesperoxidase,lipoxygenaseandpolyphenoloxidase.Alternative Food Processing Technologies nPulsedLight,OscillatingMagneticFields,Ultrasound,X-ray.nFDAnhttp:/vm.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Ecomm/ift-toc.htmlPEF處理處理Listeria菌菌InactivationkineticsofL. innocuaNCTC11289atdifferentelectricfieldstrengths.Symbols:,2.0to2.1V/m;,2.3to2.5V/m;,2.7to3.0V/m;,3.2to3.5V/m;,3.6to3.9V/m.ThepHofthetreatmentmediumwas5,theconductivitywas0.51S/mataninlettemperatureof40C,andthepulselengthwas3.9s.Theinoculumcontained1.4106CFU/ml.Theresultsarethemeansofdatafromtwoexperiments,andstandarddeviationsareindicatedbyerrorbars.Woutersetal.,1999使用使用Phagesn如針對Listeria,E. coli,Salmonella等n參考文獻n細菌形成，如乳酸菌nProtein性質,destroyedbydigestiveenzymesnNontoxicnHeatstable,storagestabilitynNooff-flavorsoroff-odorsnNarrowspectrumofantimicrobialactivityn舉例nNisinnSubtilin,againstG+bacteria,likeNisinn菌種改良BacteriocinsBacteriocins-Nisinhttp:/ans-bv.nl/Admin/mkstats/usage_200310.htmlBacteriocinsNisinSubtilinTetracyclinesNatamycin