七年级下英语知识点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 1. Can you play the guitar? “ play sb.sth.” =“ play sth.for sb. ” 表示 “ 为某人播放” ，例如：Play me a song=Play a song for me.请为我放一首歌听听吧。“ play sth.on+乐器 ” 表示 “ 用乐器演奏” ，例如：The girl often plays the English song on the piano. 这个小女孩经常用钢琴演奏英文歌曲。play chess“ 下国际象棋 ” ，例如：Can you play chess?你会下棋吗？“ 下棋 ” 用play chess,棋类之前不加冠词。2. I want to join the artclub.我想加入艺术俱乐部。1)句中 join为动词，表示 “ 加入，成为的一员，连接，结合” 等之意。例如：She wants to join the English club. 她想加入英语俱乐部。Come and join us.来加入我们吧。Join the two maps together.把这两个地图连起来。2)句中 art为“ 艺术，美术 ” ，如：an art teacher美术老师， an art lesson一堂美术课，an artist一位艺术家3.Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？speak/say/tell/talk speak意为 “ 说话 ” ，指说话的能力和方式，意为“ 演讲 ” ，作及物动词时，其后跟某种语言。例如：Who wants to speak at the meeting? 谁想在会议上发言？Do you speak Chinese? 你会说汉语吗？talk意为 “ 谈话，交谈 ” ，后面接介词 about或 of。例如：Don t talk in class! 不要在课堂说话。Let s talk to Mr Green. 咱们跟格林先生谈谈吧。say意为 “ 说出，说过 ” ，强调说话的内容。例如：Can you say it in English? 你能用英语说话吗？They say China is great.他们说中国是伟大的。tell意为 “ 告诉 ” 、 “ 讲述 ” .Can you tell me about it? 你能告诉我有关此事吗？4Tom can play the guitar but he can t play it very well. 汤姆会弹吉它，但是他弹得不是很好。1)这是一个由转折连词but连接并列句，前面的简单句是情态动词can的肯定句形式，后面的简单句是情态动词can的否定式。2)句中 very well 意为 “ 很好 ” ，是副词短词，常用来修饰句中的动词，放于句尾。如：She speaks English very well. 她英语说得很好。5Are you good with children ？你和孩子们相处得好吗？1)be good with 表示 “ 与相处得好” ，例如：My father is good with my mother. 我爸爸和我妈妈相处得好.（2）be good with的同义表达方式为：get on well with, 例如：How do you get on well with your friend? 你和你朋友相处得怎么样？be good at something表示 “ 擅长做某事 ” ，介词 at后面可以直接接名词，如果接动词的话，要用动名词形式。She is good at singing. 她擅长唱歌。He is good at English. 他擅长英语。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 20 页6Can you help kids with swimming? 你能帮助小孩游泳吗？“ help sb.with sth. ” 表示 “ 帮助某人做某事” ，句中的 with表示 “ 就某一方面而言” 。例如：Do you often help him with his English? 你经常帮助他学习英语吗？注意：因为 with是一个介词，所以其后可跟名词，代词或动名词。又如：Can you help me with singing? 你会帮助我唱歌吗？He can help me with the box. 他能帮我提那个箱子。help sb.with sth. 的同义句为 help sb.to do sth. help作动词， 意为 “ 帮助 ” ， help sb.(to) do sth. 这一结构中不定式do sth.前可带不定式符号to，也可不带。例如：Could you help me(to) open the window? 你能帮我打开这扇窗户吗？He helps me(to) go over my lessons. 他帮我复习功课。1.Are you a musician?选择疑问句是由“ 一般疑问句+ or + 供选择部分？” 例如：Is she at home or at school? 她是在家里还是在学校里？She is at school. 她在学校里。Are you Chinese or Japanese? 你是中国人还是日本人？ I m Chinese.我是中国人。3.May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗？may是情态动词，表示“ 可以，许可 ” 。例如：May I come in? 我可以进来吗 ? May I watch TV after supper? 晚饭后我可以看电视吗？Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt 是的，可以。/ 不，不可以。may的用法（1）表示请求、许可、可以May I ask you some questions? 我可以问你一些问题吗？May we start now? 我们现在开始吗？（2）表示推测说话人的猜测，认为某一事情“ 或许 ” 或“ 可能 ” 发生。He may be 25 years old.他可能 25岁了。We may come back in three days.我们可能三天后回来。（3）may用于感叹句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。May you success! 祝你成功！May you have a nice trip ！祝您旅途愉快！4.Yes,a little. 是的，我会画一点儿。1)本句是针对上句的问话进行回答的，上句：Can you draw? 答语为： I can draw a little. 2)句中 a little 意为 “ 一点儿 ” ，在这里可看作是副词短语，修饰句中的动词draw,表示程度，放于句尾。a little 除了表示 “ 一点儿 ” ，修饰动词，作状语之外，还可修饰不可数名词，如：a little water一点儿水， a little cola 一点可乐， a little milk 一点儿牛奶等。【易混辨析】a few; a little; few; little a few表示 “ 有一点儿 ” ，“ 有一些 ” 的意思，是肯定的意义。修饰可数名词。例如：Im going to buy a few bananas. 我打算买点香蕉。I have a few apples.我有一些苹果。I met a few of my friends in the street. 我在街上遇见了几位朋友。a little 也可以表示 “ 有一点 ” ，“ 有一些 ” 的意思，用于肯定的意义。修饰不可数名词。在句子里，还可以作状语用，而a few不能用作状语。例如：Do you speak Chinese? Only a little. “ 你会说汉语吗？”“只会一点点。 ”Will you have a little cake? 你吃蛋糕好吗？She likes rice and bread a little. 她有点喜欢米饭和面包。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 20 页few表示 “ 很少 ” 或“ 几乎没有 ” 的意思，是否定的意义。用来修饰可数名词。例如：The problem is very difficult. Few students understand it.这个问题很难，没有几个学生能懂。The problem is not quite difficult, a few students understand it.这个问题并不很难，有些学生能懂。little 也用来表示 “ 很少 ”“几乎没有 ” 的意思，是否定的意义。用来修饰不可数名词。例如：His uncle had little hair left at the age of fifty.他的叔叔在五十岁时，有很少的头发。另外 a little也表示 “ 一个小的 ” 之意， 这时修饰可数名词单数形式，如：a little girl 一个小女孩，a little man一个小男人等。5.Do you have an e-mail address？7.Great. Thanks a lot.太好了，多谢。在口语中，可用 “Great”“Thats great”“You are great”来表示说话人的赞扬、 赞成或兴奋的感情。Great! 是Thats great! 和 Youre great! 的省略形式，Thats great! 指物， Youre great!指人，Great! 可指人，也可指物。如：Our football team won. 我国足球队赢了。Great! 太好了！ (表示赞扬 ) Lets have a party. 我们开个晚会。Great! 太棒了！ (表示赞成 ) There is a football game tonight. 今天晚上有一场足球赛。Thats great! 太好了。 (表示兴奋 ) He gets first in the race! 他跑赛得了第一名。He is great. 他太棒了。8.Please fill it out. 请填一下。fill out意为 “ 填上，填满 ” ，这个短语是 “ 动词 +副词 ” 性的短语，其后接名词时，可放于fill 与out之间或之后，如果后接代词时，只能放于fill 与out之间。如：Fill your name out.=Fill out your name填上你的名字。Fill them out,please! 请把他们填上。冠词 the 1.特指的人或物之前，单复数均可。2.双方都知道的人或事物之前。3.上文提到过的人或物之前。4.用在世界上独一无二事物之前。the sun等。5.用在某些普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Great wall 长城。6.用在序数词，乐器之前。不定冠词的情况：1.在具有抽象意义的个体名词之前。2.名词前已有指示代词this/that,物主代词 my/his/her等。3.在星期、月份、季节、节日等的前面。4.在三餐饭之前、球类之前。冠词用法歌诀：可数名词单，须用a或an，辅音前用 a元音前用 an。若为特指时，则需用定冠。三餐球类前，泛指 the不见。Unit 2 What time do you go to school？一学习重点【短语】what time 几点， 什么时候go to school 去上学get up 起床take a shower淋浴， 洗澡精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 20 页get dressed穿上go to work 去上班get to 到达listen to 听get home 到家go to bed 上床睡觉do homework 做作业go home 回家【句型】1What time do you ? 你什么时间 ？2What time does / he? 他什么时间 ？3What time is it? It s . 几点了？是 。4She takes a shower at 她经常在 淋浴。二难点讲评1.What time do you get up? 释：这是一个由疑问词what time（几点）引导的特殊疑问句。其结构： What time + 助动词 do/does +主语 +动词原形，询问某人做某事的具体时间。例如： what time do you begin class in the morning? 你们早晨几点开课？注： What s the time=What time is it?也是用来询问时间，意为“ 几点了 ” 。用 it 作答。例如： What s the time? Its 7:30.几点了？七点半了。2I usually get up at five o clock. 我通常在五点钟起床。释： 1） 句中 usually 与 often 一样都是频度副词， 常用于动词be 之后，行为动词之前。 always 意思是 “ 总是 ” 、“ 永远 ” ，通常用来修饰动词的一般时态。例如： We always get up before six oclock. 我们总是六点前起床。下面的排列更直观地说明了这几个词的频率的大小 。alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomnever 2）介词at 常用于具体时刻之前，意义为在，如： at 5：00 在 5： 00 钟。o clock 表示 点钟，其前通常是整点，如：six/seven/eight o clock 六/七/八点钟。注：介词 at 除了指时间以外，还可指1）人物的所在之处，如：at my uncles home 在我姑姑家 , at the station 在火车站 .2）朝向，如：look at me ！看我！3）指速度或价格.如： she buys the book at a good price 她以优惠的价格买了这本书。3.After breakfast he plays his guitar ，then he goes to work. 早餐以后，他练习吉它，然后他去上班了。释：1）go to work 的意思是 “ 去上班 ” ，work 是不可数名词， 其前面不加冠词， 该短语同go to school “去上学 ” 。例如： They go to work in their cars by car. 他们开车去上班。We go to school by bus.我们乘公共汽车上学。4.hear与 listen to 释： hear 意为 “ 听见 ” ，表示听的结果，而listen to 则表示 “ 听” ，强调的是 “ 听” 的动作。如： Let s li sten to the music. 咱们听音乐吧！We listen but dont hear.我们听了，但什么也没听见。5. He gets home at 7：00，and he watches morning TV. 他七点钟回家，然后看早见新闻。释： 1）句中 get 意为“ 到达” ，后接地点名词时，要加介词to，后接副词时，不能加to，例如： She gets to school at six oclock.她六点钟到校。注： home 是一个副词，所以其前不能加介词to，但 home 也可作名词，这时其前有物主代词时，可以加to，例 如： She gets to her home at eight oclock.她 8 点钟到家。Can you get there at eight tomorrow morning? 明天上午八点你能到那儿吗？6.What time is it ？-几点了？ -It s eight thirty. 八点三十分。释：本句是就具体时刻进行提问的，what time 意为 “ 几点 ” ，这是特殊问句，它的同义句为：What s the time? /Wha t time is it by your watch? 在回答这个句子时,要用 It s +钟点。注：英语时刻的表达法：顺读法和逆读法。顺读法：钟点数+分钟数。例如： 4：25four twenty -five ，6：58six fifty -eight，7： 00seven o clock说明：这种表达不论分钟数是多少，均可使用。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 20 页逆读法：分钟数+介词 to/past+钟点数，可分两种情况：1)分钟为不超过半小时，用分钟数+past（/pa：st/过） +钟点数。例如： 4：23twenty -three past four，5：19nineteen past five.2）分钟数超过了半小时，用（60-分钟 )+to+(钟点 +1)。例如： 7：31twenty -nine to eight ，10：58two to eleven说明：在逆读法中分钟数逢“ 五” 逢 “ 十” 可省略minute（s）。否则应加上。当然，英语习惯上把十五分钟（fifteen）称作一刻a quarter，三十分钟（ thirty ）称为 half，因此 10：30，可以用两种表达方式，half past ten， ten thirty 。6.I do my homework at 6:30. 六点半我做家庭作业。释： do homework 意为做家庭作业， 其中 homework 为不可数名词， 这个短语 =do ones lessons.一写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式11have _ 12 go_ 13do_ 14put_ 15dance _ 16 talk_ 17speak_ 18help_ 19watch _ 20 study_ 二句型转换46Mr Li usually goes to work at 7:45. （就划线部分提问）47I want to run in the morning. （就划线部分提问）48He does his homework at home. （变为否定句）49School starts at nine oclock. （变为一般疑问句）50I think the job is boring. （变为否定句）32. Jim is late for school because of getting late.( 对划线部分提问) _ _ Jim late for school? 33. She has only one watch.(划线部分提问 )How many _ does she _? 34.He takes a shower at 8:00.(划线部分提问 )_ _ he _ a shower?35.I do homework at seven. ( 否定句 )I _ _ homework at seven. Unit 3 How do you get to school? 1.交通方式的询问：How do you get to school ? 2.对于交通方式的回答: to school. I get / go to school 注意点：并不是所有都用take, 也并不是所有都用by,注意四个方面步行特殊的：walk = go .on foot , By car , by bike = drive a / my car , ride a / my bike By + 交通工具无冠词，但 ride a bike/ drive a car/ take a bus 等必须有冠词a/ the. 除了介词by +交通工具外，还可以用on/ in +交通工具， on a bus, in a car , on my bike .on foot by bike by car by bus by train by plan/ air by boat by subway on a bus in a car on my bike I walk I ride a bike I drive a /my car I take a / the bus I take a/ the train I take a/ the plan I take a /the boat I take a/ the subway 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 20 页3.对于路程多久的提问：How long does it take ? 回答： It takes me 30 minutes.(重点句型 ) 重/难点辨析：花费take , spend, pay ,cost It takes sb time/ money to do sth. （有时态变化,过去式 took,）Sb spend time/ money on sth/ in doing sth. Sb pay money for sth 物 cost sb time/ money. 4. 对于路程有多远的提问：How far is it from his home to school? 回答：It s about 10 kilometers (away )from his home to school. 重点、难点辨析：be far from, away from, from .to . far from, 离 远 My school is far from my home. 具体路程 +away from, My school is 10 kilometers away from my home. From to, 从。到。It s 10 kilometers (away) from my school to my home. A +be + 路程距离 +B, My school is 10 kilometers from my home. 5. 宾语从句 : 疑问语序变为陈述语序（引导词 +主语 +谓语）（重、难点）Thomas wants to know where Nina lives. Thomas wants to know how long it takes to get to school . Thomas wants to know how far from school she lives. 6其它重要语言点 到达：get to = arrive in/ at = reach + 地点，但是遇到here/ there/ home 时无介词 hundred ， 注意：几百几百不用加 s , 如，seven hundred ride 的不同词性：ride 作动词，骑（自行车、马等）；作名词，旅行，旅程（不可数）First, he rides his bicycle to the bus station. The bus ride usually takes about 25minutes. 一天三餐前一般不加冠词，但是若有形容词，那是指具体的某一顿饭或具体的饮食，可用冠词。take sb/ sth to +地点，把某人、某物送到。think of = think about, 认为。以为。what do you think of / about the trip? = How do you like the trip? mean 作名词 , means,方法，方式，手段，单复数同形，means of transportation, 交通方式North China , 华北；North America, 北美洲； the north of China , 中国北方， the north of America , 美国北部a number of / the number of ?must 情态动词， “ 一定 ” 表示肯定的猜测，反义：can t “不可能 ” ；否定： mustn t ,一定不能，表示禁止，决不允许。?a lot / much / a little 修饰比较级?depend on , 取决于，决定于?although = though , 不能与 but 连用?worry about/ be worried about ?辨析： how long 多久，多长时间；how far 多远距离其它二级重点：?When it rains , I take a bus to school 条件状语从句（点一点，不是本课重点）?bus stop / bus station ; subway station, train station . ?bicycle = bike 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 20 页Unit4 Don t eat in class肯定的祈使句：(1) 实义动词原形 +其他；(2) be 动词原形 +形容词 +其他；(3) Let sb do sth. 否定的祈使句：(1) Don t+实义动词 +原形；(2) Don t be+形容词 +其他；(3) Don t let sb do sth(4) No+Ving. 2. 不要迟到： Don t arrive late. = Don t be late. (arrive = be) 上课 /上学不要迟到：Don t arrive (be) late for class/school. 3. 主语省略（无主语）：Dont arrive late for class. 主语不省略（有主语）：We cant arrive late for class. 4. 在学校我们必须穿校服：We have to wear uniforms at school. 句型：不得不 /必须做某事：have to do sth 否定：不必做某事：dont have to do sth 穿校服：单数：wear a uniform 复数： wear uniforms 练： (1) I can t stop smoking, doctor. For your health, I m afraid you _.A. can B. may C. must D. have to 5. 在我家里有太多的规矩：I have too many rules in my house. 词组：太多 ：too many 6. 我从来没有任何快乐：I never have any fun. (never 译为 “ 从来没有 ” ，表示否定，否定句中表示“ 任何，一些 ” ，用 any) 7. 不要大声说话：Don t talk loudly. 请大声说： Speak loudly, please. 8. 他擅长于唱歌：He is good at singing. 句型：擅长于做某事：be good at doing sth. 9. 表示 “ 地点 ” 的词组：(1) 在教室里： in the classroom 在课堂上： in class (2) 在走廊上： in the hallways 在学校里： at school = in school 10. 表示 “ 时间 ” 的词组：(1) 下课后： after class 放学后： after school (2) 在上学的白天/晚上： on school days/nights 比较： at night (3) 到晚上 10 点钟之前： by 10 o clock p.m.11. (1) with 和；如： He lives in Beijing with his parents. (不能用 and) (2) with 戴着；如： Do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用 wears) (3) with 有着；如：It s an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用 has) 短语 1. in class 在课上2. on school nights 在上学的晚上3. school rules 校规4. no talking 禁止交谈5. listen to music 听音乐6. have to 不得不7. take my dog for a walk 带狗去散步8. eat outside 在外面吃饭9. in the hallway 在走廊上10. wear a uniform 穿制服11. arrive late for class 上学迟到12. after school 放学后13. practice the guitar 练习弹吉它14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友见面16. by ten oclock. 十点之前17. be in bed 在床上18. the Childrens Palace 少年宫19. help my mom make dinner 帮助我妈做饭二重点句型1.Dont arrive late for schoolDon t be late for school 2.Don t fight 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 20 页3.Don t listen to music in the classroom. 4.Dont run in the hallways 5.Don t smoke .It s bad for your health. 6.Don t play cards in school 7.Don t talk in class 8.Don t watch TV on school nights.9.Don t sleep in class. 10.Don t play sports in the classrooms.11.Don t sing songs at night. 12.Don t talk when you eat.13.Don t wear hats in class. 14.Do homework by 10:00. 15.Clean your house! 16.Make the bed. 17.Can we ? Yes ,we can . No, we can t.Eg:Can we arrive late for class ? No, we cant. We can t arrive late for class.18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don t.三 重难点解析：1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是必须、不得不，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语have to动词原形其他（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如：We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5 点起床。（2）否定形式：主语dont have to动词原形其他（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesnt have to. 句子是过去时，用didnt have to）如： Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。（3）疑问句： Do （Does 或 Did）主语 have to 动词原形其他如： Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的，我必须。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11 点前上床睡觉吗？2. 情态动词can 的用法（1）表示能力， 会 能 （在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guitar? 你 会弹吉它吗？ Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会 说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。（2）表示允许、许可，可以 、能（在这一课中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？注意 同样是情态动词，can 和 have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can 在否定句中，直接在can后加上 not，在疑问句中，把can 放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。3. hear， listen 和 sound 都有 听的意思，但三者是有区别的。（1）hear听说 ，侧重于 听 的内容I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。（2）listen听侧重于 听这一动作。 Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。（3）sound听起来 ，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。. be in bed 在床上、卧床 in 和 bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床 10 年了。 Dave has to be in bed early every night. 大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。 . arrive late for 与 be late for 意思相近，迟到 Dont arrive （ be） late for school. 上学别迟到。I arrived （ was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。. No talking ! 禁止交谈！ no 后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与dont +do 的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Dont put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞！No food! Dont eat food here! 禁止吃食物！ No smoking! Dont smoke here! 禁止吸烟！7语法（祈使句）祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而 you 常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。如： Look out! 小心！ Wait here for me! 在这等我！精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 20 页Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成dont）开头，再加上动词原形。Dont arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。Dont fight! 别打架！Dont look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。Unit5 Why do you like pandas? 1. 让我们先去看考拉。- Let s see the koalas first. (first 翻译为 “ 首先 ”) 你为什么最喜欢考拉？- Why do you like koalas best? (best 翻译为 “ 最”)-因为它们很可爱。- Because they are very cute. 句型：让某人做某事：let sb do sth 2. 你为什么不喜欢老虎？- Why dont you like tigers? -因为它们有点吓人。- Because they are kind of scary. 在此处，表示“ 不” ，只要在do 后加 not 即可。 有点 ：kind of+ 形容词= a little+ 形容词3. 你还喜欢别的什么动物？What other animals do you like? ( 后有 animals, other 不加 s) 你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗？Do you like to work with other young people? This isn t my sweater. It s _ (you).Are all these children _ (you)? 4. 他是一个 8 岁的男孩： He is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名词boy, 用连字符， year 用原形 ) 他 8 岁： He is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符，岁数大于1， year变复数 ) 5. 请保持安静：Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep 译为 “ 保持 ” ，= be) 6. 他每天通常睡和放松20 个小时： He usually sleeps and relaxes for 20 hours every day. 每天： every day (要分开 ) 连在一起的everyday 翻译为 “ 日常的 ” ，是个形容词。7. 和某人玩： play with sb (倒翻 ) 8. 在白天： during the day = in the day 在此处， during = in 9. 在晚上： at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上/白天： on school nights/days 10. 吃草： eat grass 吃叶子： eat leaves (leaf 的复数形式 ) 吃肉： eat meat 11. 相似单词比较：(1) 草： grass (不可数，无复数) (2) 玻璃： glass 复数： glasses 眼镜12. 汉语：因为 ，所以 英语： because , so (不能同时出现在一个句子中) 汉语：虽然 ，但是 英语： though, but ( 只能使用其中一个) 如： _ Tom is tired, _ he wants to have a good rest. A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but 13. (1) first num. 第一；如： Sunday is the first day of a week. (2) first adv. 首先；首先：at first 如： Let s see the koalas first. 14. (1) best adv. 最；如： Why do you like koalas best? (2) best adj. 最好的；如： Who do you think is the best teacher in your class? 15. (1) very adv. 非常（放在形容词前）；如： The koalas are very cute. (2) very much 非常（放在动词后）；如： Thank you very much. 16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类；如：There are many kinds of animals in the zoo. What kind of noodles would you like? (2) kind of = a little adv. 有点；（无形式变化）如： He is kind of lazy. (3) kind adj. 和蔼的，友善的；如： It s kind of you to help me with my English. 17. 树叶： leaf 复数： leaves 变化规则：去f 加 ves; 18. 小偷： thief 复数： thieves 变化规则：去f 加 ves. Unit6 I m watching TV精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 20 页1. 现在进行时的结构：主语+be（am,is,are）+Ving. (be 动词和动词 +ing 两者缺一不可) 动词 be（is,am,are）的用法我(I) 用 am, 你(you) 用 are ，is 跟着他 (he) ，她 (she) ，它(it)。单数名词用is ，复数名词全用 are 。变否定，更容易，be 后 not 加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。考题形式： (1) 已知 be 动词，考后面的动词形式（要加ing）；(2) 已知后面的动词+ing, 则前面用be动词。如： (1) The boy is _ (run) with his father. (2) Some children are _ (lie) on the grass. (3) My brother and I are _ (play) soccer. (4) His sister is _ (read) a book. 2. -你正在做什么？- What are you doing? -我正在看电视。- I m watching TV.3. 那听起来很棒：That sounds great/good. 4. 谢谢你的信和照片：Thanks for your letter and the photos. 谢谢某东西： Thanks for sth 句型：谢谢做某事：Thanks for doing sth 5. 这是我的一些照片：Here are some of my photos. ( “ 一些照片 ” 是“ 复数 ” ，be 用 are) 这是我的一张全家福照片：Here is a photo of my family. (“ 一张照片 ” 是“ 单数 ” ，be 用 is) 6. 句型：忙于做某事：be busy doing sth 如： His brother is busy _ (write) stories in his room. 7. 表示 “ 活动 ” 的“ 动词词组 ” 做家庭作业： do ones homework 打扫房间： clean the room 吃晚饭： eat dinner 打电话： talk on the phone = make a telephone call 看书 /看报 /看杂志： read books, read newspapers, read magazines (学生 )上课： have an English class (老师 )上课： give an English class 举行晚会： have an evening party 和某人说再见：say goodbye to sb 8. 在购物中心：at the mall 在游泳池： at the (swimming) pool 在学校： at school 在体育馆里：in the gym 9. 在第一张照片中：in the first photo 在第二张照片中：in the second photo 在下一张照片中：in the next photo 在最后一张照片中：in the last photo 10. 等汽车： wait for the bus 在汽车站等 (某人 )： wait (for sb) at the bus stop 11. 我的兄弟和我：my brother and I (要把 “ 我” 放在后面 ) 12. (身体 )好，健康： well = fine 如： - How is your mother? - She is _. 13. 活动： activity 复数： activities (以辅音字母 +y 结尾的，去y 加 ies) 玩具： toy 复数： toys (以元音字母 +y 结尾的，直接加s) 14. (1) 也： also 用于 “ 肯定句的句中” ；(2) 也： too 用于 “ 肯定句的句末，前加逗号” ；(3) 也： either 用于 “ 否定句的句末，前加逗号” 。15. (1) show n. 节目；如： TV show, sports show, game show, talk show (2) show v. 给 看；如： Can you show me your family photo? I ll show you the way. (3) show v. 表演；如： Can you show us Beijing Opear? 现在进行时的用法表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作现在进行时时间状语及标志性词now 现在at the moment 现在look 看（后面有明显的“！”）listen 听（后面有明显的“！”） 现在分词的构成一般在动词结尾处加ing Eg: gogoing look-looking 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，去e 加 ing。Eg: write writing close-closing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing. Eg: getgetting runrunning ( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin) 现在进行时的构成肯定句 : 主语 + am/is/are+ doing + 其他 +时状 . Eg: He is doing his homework now. 否定句：主语 +am/is/are +not+ doing+ 其他 +时状 . Eg: He is not doing his homework now. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + doing+其他 +时状？ Eg: Is he doing his homework now? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 20 页肯定回答： Yes,主语+am/is/are Eg: Yes, he is. 否定回答： No, 主语 +am not/isn t/aren t Eg: No, he isnt.Unit7 It s raining!1. 今天北京的天气怎么样？- How s the weather in Beijing today? (无 like 用 How) -是晴天。 - It s sunny. (其他天气： windy, cloudy, sunny=fine=nice) 同义句： - What s the weather like today? (有 like 用 What) - It s sunny. (其他天气： warm, hot, cool, cold, dry, humid) 练： We don t know _ the weather will be tomorrow.A. how B. what C. how s D. whats2. -你最近过得怎么样？- How s it going with you? -相当好： Pretty good. 很棒： Great. 还不错： Not bad. 很糟糕： Terrible. 3. (1) 在夏天天是多雨的。Its rainy in summer. (it 后有 be 动词 is, 后面用形容词rainy) (2) 在夏天天经常下雨。It often rains in summer. (it 后无 be 动词 is, 后面用动词rains) (3) 现在正在下雨：Its raining now. (is 和动词 ing 构成 “ 现在进行时 ”)相同用法的词还有snowy, snows. 练： (1) What do you do when it _? A. rain B. rainy C. raining D. is rainy (2) It s _ (rain) heavily in Harbin now.(3) The radio says it will be _ (rain) tomorrow. (4) How s the weather on Sunday? - _. A. It s rain B. It s raining C. It s rains D. It rainy 4. 谢谢你参加中央电视台“ 环游世界 ” 节目。Thank you for joining CCTV s Around The World show. 句型：感谢你做某事：Thank you for doing sth 5. 有许多人正躺在沙滩上：There are many people lying on the beach. 句型：有某人正在做某事：There be sb doing sth 躺在沙滩上：lie on the beach (lie 加 ing 的规则：将ie 变成 y, 再加 ing) 6. 一些正在拍照，另外的正躺在沙滩上。Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach. (1) 一些 ，另一些 （复数）： some , others(2) 一个 ，另一个 （单数）： one , the other7. 他们看起来很酷：They look cool. 他看起来很酷：He looks cool. 8. 电话用语： (1) 你是谁？Who s that? 不能用： Who are you? (2) 你是某某吗？Is that ? 不能用： Are you ?(3) 是某某在说话吗？Is that speaking? 回答用： Yes, it is. / No, it isn t.(4) 我是某某：This is . 不能用： I m .(5) 是某某在说话：This is speaking.9. 句型：做完某事：finish doing sth 完成某事： finish sth 如： He finishes reading a book about science. He finishes his homework at home every day. 10. 句型：为了做某事：in order to do sth 跟在 to 后面的动词用原形。11. 与 look 有关的词组：(1) 看着某人 /某东西： look at sb/sth (2) 寻找某人 /某东西： look for sb/sth (3) 照顾某人 /某东西： look after sb/sth (4) 看起来像某人 /某东西： look like sb/sth (5) 小心： look out (6) 朝 外面看： look out of 如：朝窗外看：look out of the windows 12. 与“ 人” 有关的形容词 +ed 如： relaxed, surprised, interested, excited 与 “ 物” 有关的形容词 +ing 如： relaxing, surprising, interesting, exciting 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 20 页练： (1) The teacher is _ (surprise) at the news. (2) I m having a good time and _ (relax).13. 烧饭（总称）：cook meals 烧早饭 (中饭，晚饭 )：cook breakfast/lunch/dinner 14. 在度假： on vacation 度假： have a vacation 15. 拍照片： (单数 ) take a photo (复数 ) take photos 16. 打沙滩排球：play beach volleyball 17. 在这种热度下：in this heat 18. 围围巾： (单数 ) wear a scarf (复数 ) wear scarves 19. （天气）晴朗的：sunny = fine = nice 如： Today is sunny. = Today is fine. = Today is nice. 20. 学习： study 三单： studies (以辅音字母 +y 结尾的，去y 加 ies) 海滩： beach 复数： beaches (以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的，加es) Unit8 Is there a post office near here?I词型转换1.near 反义词 : far 2.across 动词： cross 名词： crossing 3.front 反义词： back 4. north 形容词： northern 5.right 反义词： left/wrong 6.enjoy 第三人称单数：enjoys 7.easily 形容词： easy 8.free 反义词： busy II 短语归纳1.post office 邮局2.police station 警察局3.pay phone 付电话费4.on Bridge Street 在大桥街上5.across from 在的对面6.next to 在的旁边7.between the post office and the library 在邮局和图书馆之间8.in front of 在前面9.on Center Street 在中央大街上10.near here 在这附近11.go along 沿着走12.turn right 向右转turn left 向左转on one s left在某人的左边on the right 在右边13.at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口14.in my neighborhood 在我的附近；邻近III 用法集萃1.turn right/left at the +序数词 +crossing. 在第几个十字路口向右/左转。2.spend+时间 /金钱 +（in）doing sth. 花费时间 /金钱在3.watch sb. doing 观看某人正在做某事4.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事IV 重点句子1.Is there a hospital near here? 这儿附近有医院吗？ Yes, there is. It s on Bridge Street.是的，有，它在大桥街上。2.The pay phone is across from the library. 付费电话在邮局的对面3.The pay phone is between the post office and the library.付费电话在邮局和图书馆之间。4.Is there a bank near here?这儿附近有银行吗？5.It s not too far from here.它离这儿不远。6.Where is the bank? 银行在那里？ It s next to the post office. 它在邮局的旁边精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 20 页7.There is a zoo in my neighborhood. 在我家附近有一个动物园。8.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. 我喜欢看猴子们到处攀登。9.It s very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 它非常安静而且我喜欢在那儿看书。10.I like to spend time there on weekends. 在周末我喜欢在那儿度过。Unit9 What does he look like? 1. 他看起来长得怎么样？- What does he look like? (有 look，用 does/do) -他很高，而且他有短的卷头发。- He is very tall, and he has short curly hair. 同义句： - What is he like? (只有 like ，用 is) (用 is，like 翻译问 “ 像”)区别： - What does he like? 他喜欢什么？ (用 does， like 翻译为 “ 喜欢 ”) 区别比较：(1) 他是中等高度/身材： He is of medium height/build. (是 of, 前用 be 动词 ) (2) 他有中等高度/身材： He has a medium height/build.( 是 a, 前用 have/has) 2. 她有一点点胖：She is a little bit heavy. (heavy 是形容词，前用be 动词 ) 一点点 +形容词： a little bit+ 形容词= a little+ 形容词= a bit+形容词；一点点 +名词： a little+ 名词 = a bit of+ 名词；如： His hair is a little long. = His hair is a bit long. He can speak a little English. = He can speak a bit of English. 3. They are talking about the tall boy with curly hair. (with 翻译为 “ 有着 ”)(句中已经有了动词talking about ，表达 “ 有着 ” 不能再用动词has) 比较： The tall boy has curly hair. (无 They are talking about, 表达 “ 有着 ” 用动词 has) 练： (1) Jim lives in a small house _ ( 有着 ) an interesting garden. (2) Do you remember John, a pop singer _ ( 戴着 ) funny glasses? (3) Do you know the tall man _ ( 有着 ) a big nose? 4. 她从不停止讲话：She never stops talking. 句型：停止做某事：stop doing sth 句型：停下来去做某事：stop to do sth 练： (1) Class is over. Lets stop _ (have) a rest. (2) The teacher is coming. Let s stop _ (talk).(3) I feel tired and sleepy. Why not stop _ (relax)? (4) If you re tired, you can stop _ (work).(5) Stop _ (talk). Listen to me, please. 5. 他不再戴眼镜了：He doesnt wear glasses any more. 词组：不再 ：not any more 词组：戴眼镜：wear glasses 穿一条红色的裙子：wear a red dress 穿着某种颜色的衣服：in+颜色如： Do you know the boy in black? 6. 没有人知道我：Nobody knows me. 语法： someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, nobody 均表示 “ 三单 ” ，与之搭配使用的动词也要变“ 三单 ” 。如： (1) Everyone in my class _ (know) this smart teacher. (2) Do you think everyone _ (enjoy) their weekends? (3) Everyone in our class _ the weekend. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 20 页A. enjoys B. enjoy C. enjoyed D. enjoying 7. 在七年级五班：in Class Five, Grade Seven (班级、年级、数字的“ 首字母 ” 均需大写 ) 8. 篮球队的队长：the captain of the basketball team (有 of，需要倒翻 ) 有“ 生命 ” 的东西，表示“ 的” 用s ; 如： He is my father s friend. 无“ 生命 ” 的东西，表示“ 的” 用of . 如： Here is a photo of my family. 9. 形容人的 “ 外貌特征 ” 的名词和形容词序号跟在 be 后 (be+形容词 ) 跟在 have/has 后 (have/has+名词 ) 1 是高的 /矮的is tall/short 有长 /短头发have long/short hair 2 是中等高度is of medium height 有直 /卷头发have straight/curly hair 3 是胖的 /瘦的is heavy/fat, thin 有黑 /黄头发have black/yellow hair 4 是中等身材is of medium build have+长短 +直卷 +颜色 +hair 5 是长的 /短的is long/short have a medium height/build 6 是漂亮 /丑陋的is beautiful/ugly have (two) big eyes 7 是可爱的is cute 有一张圆脸：have a round face 10. 受某人的欢迎：be popular with sb 受欢迎的： popular 对某人友好：be friendly to sb 友好的： friendly 11. 讲笑话： tell a joke, tell jokes 讲故事： tell stories 开玩笑： play a joke, play jokes 开某人的玩笑：play jokes on sb 12. 有一副新的面貌：have a new look (此处的 look 作 “ 名词 ”)13. 去买东西： go shopping 在购物商场购物：shop at the mall 14. (1) look v. 看起来；如：He looks like his father. (2) look prep. 外表；如： He has a new look. 15. (1) like v. 喜欢；如：What does he like? (2) like prep. 像；如： What is he like? 短语1. look like 看起来像 . 2. curly /short/straight/long hair 卷短直发3. medium height/build 中等高度身体4. a little bit 一点儿 5. a pop singer 一位流行歌手6 .have a new look 呈现新面貌7. go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物8. the captain of the basketball team篮球队队长9. be popular with sb 为-所喜爱10. one of - - 中的一个11 .stop to do sth 停下来去做某事12. stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情13 .tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话 / 讲故事14. have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事15. remember ( forget) to do sth 记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的）16 . remember (forget) doing sth 记得（忘记）做过某事（已做）Unit10 Id like some noodles.1. -你想要什么？- What would you like? = What do you want? -我想要一些面条：- Id like some noodles. = I want some noodles. 句型：想要某东西：would like sth = want sth (后跟名词，不加to) 想要做某事：would like to do sth = want to do sth (后跟动词，加to) 练： (1) Do you want _? A. speak English B. to the new pants C. to home D. to go to school (2) Would you like _ (drink) some green tea? 2. 餐厅英语：-我能帮您吗？- Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = What would you like? -我想要一些面条。- Id like some noodles. (I d = I would)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 20 页 你想要什么种类的面？- What kind of noodles would you like? -我想要牛肉番茄面。- I d like beef and tomato noodles. (注意用 “ 单数 ”) 你想要多大碗的面？- What size bowl of noodles would you like? -我想要一中碗面。- I d like a medium bowl of noodles. (一中碗 )什么种类： What kind 什么尺寸： What size 一大 /小碗面条： a large/small bowl of noodles 3. -你想吃些东西吗？- Would you like something to eat? -（接受）好的：- Yes, please. 或 Yes, I d like/love to. 不能用： Yes, I would. （拒绝）不，谢谢。- No, thanks. 练： - Would you like some tea? - _. A. Yes, I would B. Yes, please C. No, I don t D. No, please4. 我要买它： I ll take it. (此处的 “ 买” 不能用 buy，只能用take) 5. 那是全部吗？好了吗？完了吗？- Is that all? 6. 特色菜一 15 个饺子只要10 元 ：Special 1 is just(only) 10RMB for 15 dumplings. 7. some+不可数名词（无复数，不能加s），作句子主语时，动词用“ 三单 ” 。some+可数名词变复数（有复数，加s），作句子主语时，动词用“ 复数 ” 或“ 原形 ” 。练： (1) Some chicken _ (be) in the bowl. Some eggs _ (be) on the table. (2) I d like some _ and _. A. porridge, vegetables B. beef, tomato C. French fries, orange juices 8. “肯定句 ” 的两者或两者以上用“and”连接： I d like dumplings and orange juice. “ 否定句 ” 的两者或两者以上用“ or ”连接： I don t like green tea or porridge. 9. 肯定句中表达“ 一些 ” 用 some；否定句、疑问句中表达“ 一些，任何 ” 用 any；如： (1) I would like some beef noodles. (2) I would nt like any chicken noodles. (3) I didn t have _ money for a taxi.10. 关于 “ 人称代词 ” 的用法：(1) 实义动词后的 “ 人称代词 ” 用宾格；如： Can you help me? He doesn t like them. (2) 介词后的 “ 人称代词 ” 用宾格；如： Do you want to go with us? 11. 吃某东西当早餐：eat/have sth for breakfast 在早餐时间吃东西：eat sth at the breakfast time 12. 句型：某人 /某东西怎么样？：What about sb/sth? 做某事怎么样？：What about doing sth? What about = How about 13. 中国食物： Chinese food 中国餐馆： Chinese restaurants 西方食物： western food 西方餐馆： western restaurants 14. 一碗： a bowl 一大 /中/小碗： a big bowl, a medium bowl, a small bowl 一大 /中/小碗 ：a big/medium/small bowl of 两大碗： two big bowls of 一杯绿茶： a cup of green tea 15. 在饺子店： at the house of dumplings = at the dumping house 在甜品屋： at a dessert house/shop 16. 一些很棒的特色菜：some great specials 特色菜 1：Special 1 17. (1) drink v. 喝；如： What would you like to drink? (2) drink n. 饮料； (复数 +s) 如： Cola is a kind of drinks. 18. (1) kind of 有点；（无形式变化）如： He is kind of lazy. (2) a kind of 一种；（单数）如： English is a kind of languages. (3) kinds of 多种；（复数）如： There are many kinds of languages in the world. 1beef and tomato noodlesnoodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西红柿面chicken and cabbage noodlesmutton and potato noodles tomato and egg noodlesbeef and carrot noodles 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 20 页2 would like to do sth want to do sth. 想要作某事3 what kind of noodles 什么种类的面条4 what size bowl of noodles 什么大小碗型的面5 a largemediumsmall bowl of noodles 大中小碗的面6 ice cream冰淇淋orange juice 桔汁green tea 绿茶RMB 人民币 phone number 7 House of Dumplings noodles 饺子面馆Dessert House 甜点屋Unit11 How was your weekend? 1. 表示 “ 发生在过去的动作” ，要用一般过去时，句中常含表示“ 过去 ” 的时间。一般过去时的结构：主语+V 过去式。翻译时加上“ 了” 。(不管主语是 “ 单数 ” 还是 “ 复数 ” ，动词始终用“ 过去式 ”)练： (1) He _ (go) to school on foot yesterday. (2) What did Jim do? - He _ (go) to the movies. (3) We _ (not go) to the cinema last Sunday. 2. 你上个周末做了什么？- What did you do last weekend? (did 引导，动词还原) -在星期天上午，我打了网球。- I played tennis on Sunday morning. 在上午 /下午 /晚上： in the morning/afternoon/evening 在星期天上午/下午 /晚上： on Sunday morning/afternoon/evening 在上个星期天上午：/ last Sunday morning (前不用冠词 ) 在上学的白天/晚上： on school days/nights 3. Tina 的周末怎么样？- How was Tina s weekend?-它很棒： It was great. 它还不错： It was not bad. 它很糟糕： It was terrible. 4. 该是回家的时候了：It s time to go home. 句型：该是做某事的时候了：It s time to do sth. 5. He spent half an hour _ (play) computer games last night. 句型：某人花费时间在某事上：人+spend+时间 +on sth. 句型：某人花费时间做某事：人+spend+时间 +doing sth. 6. 句型：做某事怎么样？What/How about doing sth.? 某人 /某东西怎么样？What about sb/sth.? 如：你怎么样？What about you? 7. 常用 do, does, did, don t, doesn t, didnt代替前文提到的动词。(1) Who cleaned the room? - Mike _. A. was B. does C. is D. did (2) I don t think he is so great, but my mother _.(3) Peter visited his English teacher this morning, but Tony _. A. isn t B. wasn t C. doesn t D. didnt(4) I like Sports News very much. _. A. I like, too B. I do, too C. I don t like, either D. I don t, either(5) My father likes Sports News, but my mother _. 8. 去爬山： go to the mountains 爬山： climb the mountains 去购物： go shopping 去看电影： go to the movies 看电影： see a movie = watch a movie 去散步： go for a walk 散步： take a walk 去图书馆： go to the library 去城市图书馆：go to the city library 9. 待在家里： stay at home 10. 为考试而学习：study for the test = study for exams 11. 举行派对： have a party 举行晚会： have an evening party 12. 阅读： do some reading 13. 去海滩： go to the beach (beach 变复数 +es) 14. 练习英语： practice English 句型：练习做某事：practice doing sth 15. 过了一个繁忙的某末：have a busy weekend (此处的 have 翻译为 “ 度过 ”)16. 一本关于历史的书：a book about history (此处的 about 翻译为 “ 关于 ” ，= on) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 20 页17. 带某人去某地：take sb to sp 18. 乘车去某地：go to sp by car (car 前无其他单词，“ 乘” 用 by) = go to sp in their car (car 前有其他单词，“ 乘 ” 用 in) 19. (1) last 最后的；在最后一张照片里：in the last photo (2) last 上一个；上个星期：last week 上个月： last month 去年： last year 20. (1) spend 度过；如： How do you spend your summer holidays? (2) spend 花费；如： He spent two hours cleaning his room. 21. (1) for 对来说；如：对大多数的孩子来说：for most kids (2) for 为，给；如：为我烧晚饭：cook dinner for me 短语1. play +运动play soccer play tennis play sports play the + 乐器play the guitar play with和某人物玩耍2have +三餐have breakferst lunch supper 3. study for clean the room visit sb stay at homehave a partytalk show 4go to the beach go to the movies go for a walk go to the mountains 5go shoppingdo some shopping go to the shop 买东西6last weekendover the weekend 上周末on weekends 每周末7on +某日 morningafternoonevening ( 或具体的某一天) in + morningafternooneveningin+世纪 年月季节at +时刻last (next) monthyearweek 8what aboutnv-ingpro n=how about 呢9. spend the weekend last week 度过上周的周末10it s time to do sth it s time for sth 该做么的时候了11look for寻找二，重点句型和语法1一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去的时间状语连用: yesterday ,last week(month,year) （1）系动词be 的过去时 : am(is) was, are were 陈述句： He was at home yesterday. 否定句： He wasnt at home yesterday.疑问句： Was he at home yesterday? Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn t.（2）行为动词的一般过去时: 陈述句：主语+动词过去式 +其它I go to the movie. I went to the movie. 否定句：主语+助动词 didn t+ 动词原形 +其I don t go to school today. I didn t go to school.一般疑问句：Did + 主语 +动词原形 +其它 Do you have breakfast? Did you have breakfast? Yes,I do./No,I don t. Yes,I did./No,I didn t.（3）规则动词的过去式变化规则变化规则例词一般在词尾加ed. playplayed 以不发音的e 结尾的，只加 -d. like liked love loved 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的，变y 为 i ,再加 ed. study studied carry carried 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop stopped plan planned 动词不规则变化：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 20 页do did have had go went see saw read read get got give gave sleep slept eat ate write wrote find_-found Unit12 What did you do last weekend?1. -你去了哪里度假？- Where did you go on vacation? (go 是实义动词，前用did 引导 ) -我去了夏令营。- I went to summer camp. -你玩得开心吗？- Did you have a good time? (have 是实义动词，前用did 引导 ) -是的。 Yes, I did. 度假： on vacation for ones vacation 如： She went to Shanghai for her vacation. 玩得开心： have a good time = have fun 2. 我们很高兴在水里玩：We had great fun playing in the water. 句型：很高兴做某事：have (great) fun doing sth 在水里： in the water (介词用 in) 3. 它有点无聊：It was kind of boring. 有点： kind of = a little 4. 我发现一个小男孩正在角落里哭：I found a small boy crying in the corner. 句型：发现某人正在做某事：find sb doing sth 句型：听见某人正在做某事：hear sb doing sth 在角落里：in the corner (介词用 in) 在的角落里： at the corner of 如： He stands at the corner of the classroom. 练： We found her sister _ (read) English in her room. 5. 他迷路了： He was lost. (1) lost adj. 迷路的；前面常加be 动词。(2) lost v. 丢失 lose 的过去式；如： He lost his way. 6. 那让我感觉很高兴：That made me feel very happy. 句型：让某人做某事：make sb do sth = let sb do sth 感觉很高兴：feel very happy 练： The funny story makes us _ (laugh) a lot. Let s _ (讨论 ) this question first. 7. 我们决定走着回宾馆：We decided to walk back to the hotel. 句型：决定做某事：decide to do sth. 走着回宾馆：walk back to the hotel 练： His father decided _ (buy) a new computer for him. 8. 考与 “ 一般过去时 ” 配套使用的时间：(1) Was your father at work _? - Yes, he was. A. last week B. every month C. this year D. next Monday (2) When did you see him? - _. A. Next Monday B. Two hours C. In an hour D. An hour ago 9. 去纽约市： go to New York City (go 的过去式went) 去夏令营： go to summer camp 去博物馆： go to the museum 参观博物馆：visit the museum 去中心公园： go to Central Park 10. 为考试而学习：study for exams (study 的过去式studied) 11. 什么也没有做：do nothing (nothing 指“ 什么也没有 ”)练： - Do you have anything else to say about the trip? - No, _. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything 12. 整天： all day 整夜： all night 整日整夜： all day and all night 13. (1) look for 寻找 (强调 “ 找” 这个过程 )；(2) find 找到 (强调 “ 找到 ” 这个结果 )；如： He looked for his English book, but he didnt find it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 20 页14. (1) friendly 友好的；(2) unfriendly 不友好的； = not friendly 二重点句子和注意事项1Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp. Where did they go on vacation? They went to New York City. Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home. Where did she go on vacation? She visited her uncle. 2Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park? Yes, I/he/she/they did. No, I/he/she/they didn t.3How were the movies? They were fantastic 4. have fun doing something干某事有乐趣enjoy oneself doing something We have fun learning and speaking English . We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English . 我们学英语有很多乐趣5find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事find sb. do sth. 发现某人干过某事I find him reading the novel ( 小说） . I found him go into the room . 6corner角落，角，拐角处in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）My bike is at the corner . 7be lost 迷路了 get lost , lost (adj.) The girl was lost in the big city . 8help sb. (to) do sth.help sb for sth 帮助某人干某事He always helps us learn English 9. make sb. do sth. 让使某人干某事let / have sb. do sth. do 前不带 to The movie makes me relaxing . Let the boy do his homework alone . 10. feel+ adj. 感到I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited 11. decide to do sth. 决定干某事They decided to go to Hainan on vacation . 语法1. 介词： in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示 在中 ， 在内 。例如：in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里2). on 表示 在上 。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上3). under表示 在下 。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下4). behind表示 在后面 。例如：behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后5). near表示 在附近 。例如： 5 O: j& near the teachers desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近6). at表示 在处 。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口7). of 表示 的 。例如：a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图日3.some 和 any 在肯定句中用some.例如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 20 页 There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如： Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？Do you have any brothers or sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？ There isnt any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。记住它们的特殊用法。some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。例如： Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？any 也可用于肯定句中，表示任何的 。例如： Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。some 和 any 的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。4. little的用法a little dog 一只小狗， a little boy 一个小男孩。 little常用来修饰有生命的名词。little还可表示否定意义，意为 少的 ，加不可数名词。There is little time. 几乎没时间了。There is a little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 20 页