十四节课串讲四六级语法第三讲十四节课串讲四六级语法第三讲倒装倒装 英语句子的自然语序是英语句子的自然语序是“主语主语 + + 谓语谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为种语序被称为“倒装倒装”。谓语全部放在主语之。谓语全部放在主语之前，为前，为全部倒装全部倒装；只把助动词，连系动词或情；只把助动词，连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为态动词放在主语之前，为部分倒装部分倒装。 倒装的原因倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；二是为了强调；（如某些疑问句）；二是为了强调；三是保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密相接。三是保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密相接。3 3、so, as, neither, nor, no more so, as, neither, nor, no more 位于句首，表示前面的位于句首，表示前面的位于句首，表示前面的位于句首，表示前面的 情况也适合于另一人或物时。情况也适合于另一人或物时。情况也适合于另一人或物时。情况也适合于另一人或物时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）（部分倒装）（部分倒装） Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. - Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? - I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定，确认，注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定，确认， 主谓不倒装主谓不倒装 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. “Its raining hard.”“So it is.”4. 含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardlywhen, in no case, by no means, no soonerthan, many a time, often 等。等。 （部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known.2)Not only was everything he had taken away from, but also his German citizenship.3)Not a single mistake did he make.4)Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.1.Hardly anyone believe that today.2.Not only you but also she has been to Beijing.3.Neither the girls nor John is to blame.1. Not only is she a good singer, but also she is a good dancer.2. Neither did he watch TV nor did he go to the cinema.3. Not until it is dark will we come home.注意注意1：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装 I have never seen such a performance.I have never seen such a performance.注意注意注意注意2 2 2 2： 如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：5.only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在句首时。句首时。 （部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Only then did I realize the value of reading aloud every morning.2)Only by means of talking can we avoid misunderstanding each other.3)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.6.“so /such +表语表语/ /状语状语 + that从句从句”结构中的结构中的 so 或或such引导的表语引导的表语/状语放在句首时。状语放在句首时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）So frightened was she in the darkness that she didnt dare to move at all.2）Such a lovely child is he that all of us love him.3）So hurriedly did she leave that she forgot to switch off the lights.7.7.用于形容词（名词用于形容词（名词/ /动词）动词）+ + as/though 的让步状语从句中。的让步状语从句中。 （特殊倒装）（特殊倒装）1)Proud as they are, they are afraid to see us.2)Child as he is, he knows a lot. ( A small child as he is, he knows a lot.)3) Try hard as they would, they could not lift the box.4) Youngest as he is in our class, his pronunciation is the best.8. 用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。 （部分倒装或全部倒装）（部分倒装或全部倒装） 1）May you succeed / be happy!2) Long live the Peoples Republic of China!Exercises:1.Not until all the fish died in the river_ how serious the pollution was. A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realize C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize2.It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcasts began. A.while B.which C.that D.since3.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life_ so happy. A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt 4. Why cant I smoke here? At no time _ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 5.No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game beginD. had the game begun 6. Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also7._ can you expect to get a pay rise. A.With hard work B.Although work hard C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard8.Now_ Sallys turn to keep guard. A.there is B.is going C.has come D.comes9.Not only_ polluted but_ crowded. A.was the city; were the streets B.the city was; were the streets C.was the city; the streets were D.the city was; the streets were10.So_ that no fish can live in it. A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow11.Little_ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared12.Was it in 1969_ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon. A.when; on B.that; on C.when; in D.that; in13._ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not14.-David has made great progress recently. -_, and_ . A.So he has; so you have B.So he has; so have you C.So has he; so have you D.So has he; so you have15.Here _the good news for every man and every woman who _in the town. A. is ; live B. is; lives C. are; live D. are; livesHomework: 1. Review Version2. Finish English weekly