实验报告实验名称路由器的配置成绩实验目的：1. 理解路由器的工作原理及其作用，认识路由器的各种接口2. 理解静态路由的工作原理和应用环境，掌握配置静态路由的基本命令3. 理解动态路由协议RIP 的原理和应用环境，掌握配置RIP 协议的基本命令4理解动态路由协议OSPF的基本特点和分组类型，掌握在路由器 （三层交换机）上配置OSPF协议的基本命令；5学会在路由器（三层交换机）上查看、分析路由表的方法，并学会通过分析路由跟踪信息画出数据包转发路径的方法。实验条件： Packet tracer 5.0 实验内容：一、静态路由器的配置1. 画出结构图并配置两个PC的 IP 及掩码、网关2. 为路由器的两个接口分配IP ，注意：位于DCE端的路由器串口要配置时钟频率64000，并路由器端口要手动开启Routerenable Router#configure terminal 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface Serial2/0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 3. 在两台路由器上配置静态路由，命令如下：Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 4. 查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性PCping 192.168.2.2 Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 8ms, Maximum = 15ms, Average = 9ms 二、 RIP 动态路由配置1. 配置两 PC的 IP 地址及掩码和网关配置三层交换机的接口IP 2. 如果在三层交换机的物理端口上配置，则需用命令no switchport将其变为三层端口，才可以配置IP 3. 如果在三层交换机的虚拟端口上配置，则可以直接配置IP ，但要先划分vlan ，并将物理端口分配至相应的vlan 中4. 配置两路由器的接口IP ，注意：位于DCE 端的路由器串口要配置时钟频率64000，并路由器端口要手动开启。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 5. 为三层交换机及两台路由器配置rip协议，命令如下Routerenable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#router rip Router(config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.0 6. 查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性PCping 192.168.4.2 Pinging 192.168.4.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=21ms TTL=125 Ping statistics for 192.168.4.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 23ms, Average = 21ms 三、 OSPF动态路由配置1. 配置两 PC的 IP 地址及掩码和网关名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - 2. 配置三层交换机的接口IP Switchen Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#int f1/0 %Invalid interface type and number Switch(config)#int f0/1 Switch(config-if)#no switchport %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#int f0/2 Switch(config-if)#no switchport Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#exit 3. 配置两路由器的接口IP ，注意：位于DCE 端的路由器串口要配置时钟频率64000，并路由器端口要手动开启。Routerenable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)#exit 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - Router(config)#interface Serial2/0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 4. 为三层交换机及两台路由器配置rip协议，命令如下Switchen Switch#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#router ospf 1 00:00:45: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.3.1 on FastEthernet0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 2 Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 2 Routeren Router#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#router ospf 1 00:00:45: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.2.1 on FastEthernet1/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done Router(config-router)#network 192.1168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 2 Router(config-router)#network 192.1168.3.0 255.255.255.0 area 2 7. 查看三台网络设备上的路由表并测试两台PC的连通性PCping 192.168.4.2 Pinging 192.168.4.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=125 Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=125 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - Ping statistics for 192.168.4.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 125ms, Average = 117ms 8. 查看路由表Switch#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/2 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 O 192.168.3.0/24 110/782 via 192.168.2.2, 00:08:40, FastEthernet0/1 O 192.168.4.0/24 110/783 via 192.168.2.2, 00:08:40, FastEthernet0/1 实验总结：通过本次实验，我初步掌握了静态路由，rip和 ospf 路由配置。对网络层路由器的工作原理有了进一步的了解。最后学会查看路由表。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -