话题话题My First Ride on a Train(我第一次乘火我第一次乘火车车)功能功能Being polite(学会礼貌用学会礼貌用语语)语语法法1.The ed form (ed形式作形容形式作形容词词)2Past tense time expressions(过过去去时间时间表达法表达法)重点重点词汇词汇及拓及拓展展1. expert n专专家家2.stadium n体体育育场场，运，运动场动场3kindergarten n幼儿园幼儿园4.event n事件事件5ceremony n仪仪式式6distance n距离距离distant adj.远远离的，冷淡的离的，冷淡的7abandoned adj.被被遗遗弃的弃的abandon v抛弃抛弃8product n产产品品produce v生生产产production n生生产产；制作；制作9.frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓使吃惊；惊吓frightened adj.引起恐惧引起恐惧的的frightening adj.可怕的可怕的10interview v面面试试interviewee n参加面参加面试试者者interviewer n面面试试官官11exhausted adj.疲疲惫惫不堪不堪的的exhaust v使筋疲力尽使筋疲力尽12shoot vt.射射杀杀；发发芽芽shot(过过去式，去式，过过去分去分词词)重点重点短短语语1.get on上上(车车、船等、船等)2get off下下(车车、船等、船等)；动动身，出身，出发发3take off(飞飞机机)起起飞飞4pass a law通通过过一一项项法律法律5.out of date过时过时6refer to指的是；提到，指的是；提到，说说到到7be short for是是的的缩缩写写/简简称称8not.any more不再不再重点重点句型句型1.Where do you think most of the people live，in the central part of the country or on the coast?你你认为认为大多数人生活在哪里，是国家的中部地区大多数人生活在哪里，是国家的中部地区还还是沿海是沿海地区？地区？3What(a/an).n.！多么！多么啊！啊！4It is possible to do sth.做某事是有可能的做某事是有可能的1match vt.&n.使使(和和)调和，相配调和，相配归纳拓展归纳拓展matchn.to/withn. 把把和和搭配起来搭配起来/调和起来调和起来matchn.in/forn. 在在某某方方面面与与匹匹敌敌，成成为为的对手的对手matchn.against/withn. 使使和和交手交手/比赛比赛matchn.或或matchadv.和和调和调和/适合适合/与与相配相配match up 归类，配套，搭配归类，配套，搭配例例句句：The aim of the competition is to match the quote to the person who said it.比比赛赛的要求是把引文和其作者搭配在一起。的要求是把引文和其作者搭配在一起。I never match him in English.在英在英语语方面我永方面我永远远比不上他。比不上他。We are matched against last years champions in the first round.我我们们在第一回合就和去年的冠在第一回合就和去年的冠军军比比赛赛。Its a good match for her dress.这这与她的衣服很相配。与她的衣服很相配。 同类辨析同类辨析suit，fit与与match这三个单词都含有这三个单词都含有“适合适合”的意思，其区别是：的意思，其区别是：(1)suit意意为为“适适合合”，多多指指衣衣服服的的颜颜色色、款款式式、质质地地上上适适合合某某人人，穿穿起起来来协协调调、好好看看，合合乎乎需需要要、口口味味、性性格格、条条件件和地位等。和地位等。同类辨析同类辨析(2)fit用用作作动动词词，意意为为“与与相相符符，(使使)符符合合，适适合合”，多指衣物、鞋子等尺寸或大小合身、合脚。多指衣物、鞋子等尺寸或大小合身、合脚。(3)match意意为为“使使相相称称，使使相相配配，使使匹匹配配”，指指事事物物在在大大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。【链接训练链接训练】Your tie looks smart.It _ with your shirt perfectly.Thanks.Amatches BmeetsCagrees Dfits【解解析析】第第一一句句句句意意为为：你你的的领领带带看看起起来来很很漂漂亮亮。它它和和你你的的衬衬衫衫很很相相配配。match指指“(颜颜色色等等)相相搭搭配配”；B项项meet“满满足足”；C项项agree“同同意意”；D项项fit指指“大大小小合合适适”。故故正正确确答答案案为为A。【答案答案】AWill Thursday or Friday_you?Either will_.Afit；be Bfit；OKCsuit；all right Dsuit；do【解解析析】suit指指“合合某某人人的的意意”，第第一一句句意意思思是是：“周周四四还是周五合你的意还是周五合你的意”，do此处意为此处意为“合意合意”、“哪一天都行哪一天都行”。【答案答案】D2 distance n 距距 离离 ； 路路 程程 (常常 接接 介介 词词 to， from，between)归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)at a distance相距稍远，相隔一段距离相距稍远，相隔一段距离at a distance of. 在在远的地方远的地方in the distance在远处在远处keep ones distance from sb./sth./sth.与与某某人人/ /某某物物保保持持一一定定距距离离keep sb.at a distance 与某人保持距离，不与某人亲近与某人保持距离，不与某人亲近(2)distant adj.远远的的；久久远远的的；远远离离的的；冷冷淡淡的的(常常接接介介词词from)be distant towards sb.对某人冷淡对某人冷淡be distant from. 离离远远例句：例句：They saw a few houses in the distance.他们看到远处有几座房子。他们看到远处有几座房子。The dog looked dangerous，so I decided to keep my distance from it.这只狗看上去很危险，因此我决定与它保持距离。这只狗看上去很危险，因此我决定与它保持距离。Instead of stopping to speak，she passed by with only a distant nod.她没停下来说话，只冷淡地点点头便过去了。她没停下来说话，只冷淡地点点头便过去了。 【链接训练链接训练】An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards，approximately _ from Marathon to Athens.Adistance Bthe distanceCis the distance Dthe distance is【解解析析】the distance from Marathon to Athens是是前前面面26 miles and 385 yards的的同同位位语语，属属于于特特指指，因因此此distance前前需要有定冠词。需要有定冠词。【答案答案】B3frighten vt.使吃惊，惊吓使吃惊，惊吓vi. 惊恐，害怕，受惊吓惊恐，害怕，受惊吓归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)frighten sb./sth.away/sth.away/off将某人或某物吓跑将某人或某物吓跑frighten sb.into/out of doing sth./out of doing sth.吓得某人做吓得某人做/ /不敢做某事不敢做某事(2)frightening adj.引起恐惧的；惊恐的；可怕的引起恐惧的；惊恐的；可怕的frightened adj.受惊的；恐惧的受惊的；恐惧的(3)be frightened ofbe afraid of害怕害怕be frightened at/by 对对害怕，被害怕，被吓坏了吓坏了be frightened to do sth.害怕做害怕做be frightened that.害怕害怕例例句句：The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me.那只那只鹰鹰突然突然飞飞到空中，把我吓了一跳。到空中，把我吓了一跳。He will never forget the frightening experience.他永他永远远也不会忘也不会忘记记那段可怕的那段可怕的经历经历。He was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building.他害怕从高楼他害怕从高楼顶顶上往下看。上往下看。【链接训练链接训练】And then the _ wind blew the roof off.Oh，you must have been _.Afrightened；frightenedBfrightening；frighteningCfrightened；frighteningDfrightening；frightened【解解析析】第第一一个个空空作作定定语语，说说明明wind的的性性质质、特特征征，用用frightening；第第二二个个空空作作表表语语，说说明明前前面面主主语语的的情情况况，用用frightened，表示，表示“人感到恐惧的人感到恐惧的”。【答案答案】D4supply vt.供供应应；提提供供；补补充充；满满足足nUU供供应应，供给；供应量供给；供应量 (pl.)供应品，一批东西，生活用品供应品，一批东西，生活用品归纳拓展归纳拓展(2)a supply of. 的供应量的供应量(be)in short supply短缺短缺例例句句：They supplied the homeless children with food and clothing.They supplied food and clothing to/for the homeless children.他他们给们给无家可无家可归归的孩子的孩子们们提供衣食。提供衣食。A new supply of shoes is expected shortly.预计预计不久又会上一批新鞋子。不久又会上一批新鞋子。【链接训练链接训练】The government has _ plenty of food and clothes of high quality to the people in Yushu.Asuffered BarrangedCadjusted Dsupplied【解解析析】考考查查动动词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意为为：政政府府已已提提供供给给玉玉树树人人民民大大量量的的高高质质量量的的食食品品和和衣衣物物。supply sth. to sb.“提提供供给给某某人人某某物物”，符符合合题题意意。suffer“遭遭受受，忍忍受受”；arrange“安安排排”；adjust“调整调整”。【答案答案】D1refer to 提提到到，说说到到，涉涉及及；向向某某人人询询问问；查查阅阅，参参考考归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)refer.to.让让参参阅阅/参参照照，认认为为起起源源于于；把把提交给提交给(以求获得帮助等以求获得帮助等)(2)refer to.as把把称作称作refer to a dictionary查字典查字典refer to sb./sth./sth.提到某人提到某人/ /物物例句：例句：The dispute was referred to the United Nations.这个争端被提交给联合国。这个争端被提交给联合国。In his speech，he didnt refer to the problem at all.在他的演说中，丝毫未涉及那个问题。在他的演说中，丝毫未涉及那个问题。California is referred to as the “Golden State”加利福尼亚被称作加利福尼亚被称作“黄金之州黄金之州”。【链接训练链接训练】It was foolish of him to_ his notes during the test, and as a result, he got punished.Astick to Bkeep toCrefer to Dpoint to【解解析析】考考查查关关于于to的的动动词词短短语语。句句意意为为：他他在在考考试试的的时时候候参参考考笔笔记记，真真是是愚愚蠢蠢。结结果果，他他受受到到了了惩惩罚罚。refer to“参参照照，参参考考”，符符合合题题意意。stick to“坚坚持持”；keep to“遵遵守守，信信守守”；point to“指出指出”。均与题意不符。均与题意不符。【答案答案】CMany people suggested that the thief_put into prison.However，the lawyer didnt agree.Areferred to be Breferred toCreferring to be Dreferred be【解解析析】考考查查suggest意意为为“建建议议”时时，后后面面跟跟的的宾宾语语从从句句用用虚虚拟拟语语气气的的用用法法，谓谓语语动动词词用用(should) do形形式式；又又referred to 过过去去分分词词在在句句中中作作后后置置定定语语，故故正正确确答答案案为为A。句句意意为为：许许多多人人建建议议这这个个被被提提及及的的贼贼应应该该被被送送进进监监狱狱。尽尽管管如如此，这个律师不同意这样做。此，这个律师不同意这样做。【答案答案】A2get on上上(车车、船船等等)；进进展展；进进行行；相相处处；继继续续进进行行，进行下去进行下去归纳拓展归纳拓展get across 被理解，把被理解，把讲清楚讲清楚get away (from)逃离；逃离；(谈话谈话)偏离偏离(主题主题)get off 下车；动身，出发下车；动身，出发get down to 开始认真开始认真(做某事做某事)(to为介词为介词)get on/along with 进行；进展；与进行；进展；与相处相处get around 传播传播get through 通过；做完；看完；打通通过；做完；看完；打通(电话电话)例句：例句：How does Gina get on with her colleagues?吉娜与她的同事们相处得怎么样？吉娜与她的同事们相处得怎么样？He saw a girl get on the bus.他看见一个女孩上车了。他看见一个女孩上车了。The workers couldnt get on for lack of materials.由于缺乏材料，工人们无法进行下去。由于缺乏材料，工人们无法进行下去。【链接训练链接训练】Isnt David an efficient manager?Er， David is really great， but sometimes he has problems_his ideas.Agetting around Bgetting alongCgetting across Dgetting off【解解析析】句句意意为为：戴戴维维不不是是一一个个能能力力很很强强的的经经理理吗吗？哦哦，戴戴维维是是不不错错，但但有有时时他他说说不不清清自自己己的的观观点点。get (sth.) across (to sb.)“使使(某某事事)被被人人理理解解”。如如：He is not very good at getting his ideas across.他他不不善善于于表表达达思思想想。其其他他选选项项均不合题意。均不合题意。【答案答案】CScarcely could he _ this amount of work in two days.Aget off Bget intoCget down Dget through【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语。句句意意为为：他他是是不不可可能能在在两两天天之之内内完完成成这这些些工工作作的的。get off“下下车车；动动身身，出出发发”；get into“参参与与；开开始始从从事事”；get down“记记下下，写写下下”；get through在在此此意为意为“做完做完”，符合题意。，符合题意。【答案答案】D3take off(飞飞机机)起起飞飞；脱脱掉掉(衣衣服服等等)；突突然然大大受受欢欢迎迎；迅速流行；匆匆离开迅速流行；匆匆离开(常与常与for连用连用)；取下来，去掉，取消；取下来，去掉，取消归纳拓展归纳拓展take down拿下，记录下，拆卸拿下，记录下，拆卸take back带回，收回带回，收回(话话)take.for granted认为认为理所当然，理应如此理所当然，理应如此take up占占据据，拿拿起起，着着手手处处理理，从从事事，开开始始(做做)；接接纳纳(乘客乘客)，继续，继续take over接管，接任接管，接任例句：例句：The plane took off despite the fog.尽管有尽管有雾雾，飞飞机仍照常起机仍照常起飞飞。Its very warm in the room and youd better take off your coat. 房房间间里很暖和，你最好脱了外套。里很暖和，你最好脱了外套。Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.她在她在电视电视上亮相后歌唱事上亮相后歌唱事业业迅速起迅速起飞飞。【链接训练链接训练】Sun Yue，a promising new star，said goodbye to CBA for NBA and is ready to_in a new world of basketball.Atake off Bget off Cturn off Dcome off【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语辨辨析析。take off此此处处意意为为“(事事业业)腾腾飞飞”，符符合合句句意意。get off“下下(车车、船船等等)；动动身身”；turn off“关掉关掉”；come off“脱落，与脱落，与分离分离”。【答案答案】A4out of date过时的，过期的，老式的过时的，过期的，老式的归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)up to date现代化的，最新式的现代化的，最新式的make a date for sth.定下做某事的日期定下做某事的日期have a date with sb.同某人约会同某人约会date back to/from追溯到追溯到，始建于，始建于(2)out of breath上气不接下气，气喘吁吁上气不接下气，气喘吁吁out of control失控失控out of reach够不着够不着out of order出毛病出毛病out of the question不可能不可能out of question不成问题；毫无疑问不成问题；毫无疑问out of danger脱险脱险out of shape变形变形例句：例句：The fact is that its out of date.事事实实是它是它过过期了。期了。She wears clothes that are right up to date.她穿着最她穿着最时时髦的衣服。髦的衣服。The building dates from 1823.这这幢建筑物是幢建筑物是1823年建造的。年建造的。【链接训练链接训练】Isnt it better that you wear this dress to attend the party?No，its _.Aup to date Bout of dateCbehind the time Dof date【解解析析】out of date是是固固定定短短语语，意意为为“过过时时的的”。句句意意为为：穿穿这这件件礼礼服服去去参参加加晚晚会会难难道道不不是是很很好好吗吗？不不，它它已已经过时了。经过时了。【答案答案】BYou have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _.Adate Bshape Corder Dbalance【解解析析】out of shape是是“变变形形”的的意意思思，根根据据前前面面“你你坐坐在在我我的的帽帽子子上上”可可判判断断出出帽帽子子是是“变变形形”了了。out of date意意为为“过时过时”；out of order意为意为“混乱混乱”；out of balance意为意为“失衡失衡”。【答案答案】B1Where do you think most of the people live，in the central part of the country or on the coast?你认为大多数人生活在哪里，国家的中部还是沿海？你认为大多数人生活在哪里，国家的中部还是沿海？归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)where do you think是是一一种种复复合合特特殊殊疑疑问问句句。其其结结构构是是：特特殊殊疑疑问问词词do you think陈陈述述语语序序。从从语语法法角角度度讲讲，do you think是是插插入入语语。无无论论疑疑问问词词在在句句中中作作什什么么成成分分，think后后面面都都用用陈陈述述语语序序。除除think外外，常常见见的的动动词词还还有有believe，suppose，imagine，guess和和suggest等。等。(2)I think，I believe，I suppose，I guess，I imagine，I find，I understand，I trust，I know，I say，I hear等等可可用用作作插插入入语语，置置于于句句中中或或句句末末，通通常常用用逗逗号号隔隔开开，此此类类插插入入语语，若置于定语从句中可不用标点隔开。若置于定语从句中可不用标点隔开。例例句句：What do you think the central part of the country is like？你？你认为认为国家的中部怎么国家的中部怎么样样？Whom do you suppose he would go with?你你认为认为他会和他会和谁谁一起去？一起去？It was fortunate，he thought，that the rain had stopped.他想幸好雨停了。他想幸好雨停了。【链接训练链接训练】_ you have seen both fighters，_ will win?ASince；do you think whoBWhen；whoeverCAs；who you think DSince；who do you think【解解析析】第第一一空空考考查查引引导导词词，根根据据句句意意选选择择since意意为为“既既然然”；第第二二个个空空考考查查句句子子结结构构，即即“特特殊殊疑疑问问词词do you think陈述句陈述句”结构，故答案为结构，故答案为D。【答案答案】D归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)Would you mind.？后后面面接接名名词词、动动名名词词以以及及if引引导导的的从从句句。if从从句句中中要要用用一一般般过过去去时时表表示示虚虚拟拟语语气气。但但Do you mind后的后的if从句不用过去时态。从句不用过去时态。(2)回回答答Would you mind或或Do you mind.？问问句句时时，一一定定要要特特别别注注意意前前后后文文的的一一致致性性，常常见见的的表表示示“不不介介意意”的的答答语语有有：Certainly not；Not at all；Not a bit；No，go ahead。表表示示“介介意意”的的答答语语是是：Im sorry，but I do；Yes，I do mind；Im sorry，but youd better not。例句：例句：Would you mind my/me smoking here?Would you mind if I smoked here?Do you mind if I smoke here?我在我在这这儿抽烟你不介意吧？儿抽烟你不介意吧？【链接训练链接训练】Would you mind_over one seat？My wife and I can sit together._.Id like to help you.Amove；Yes Bmoving；Of course notCto move；Of course Dmoving；Certainly【解解析析】would you mind后后面面接接名名词词、动动名名词词，排排除除A、C；根据答语可知应为；根据答语可知应为“不介意不介意”，排除，排除D，答案为，答案为B。【答案答案】B1过去分词作定语过去分词作定语过过去去分分词词作作定定语语表表示示动动作作已已经经发发生生或或完完成成，与与它它所所修修饰饰的名的名词词有有逻辑逻辑上的上的动宾动宾关系。关系。(1)及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词单单独独作作定定语语既既可可表表被被动动又又可可表表完完成。成。例例句句：Have you read the books written by the young writer？你？你读过读过那位年那位年轻轻作家的作品作家的作品吗吗？(2)不不及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语，一一般般作作前前置置定定语语，它它不表示被不表示被动动意意义义，而是，而是强强调动调动作的完成。作的完成。例如：例如：fallen leaves落叶落叶the risen sun升起的太阳升起的太阳(3)单单个的个的过过去分去分词词作定作定语语一般放在被修一般放在被修饰饰的名的名词词之前。之前。例句：例句：We needed much more qualified workers.我我们们需要更多的合格的工人。需要更多的合格的工人。有有些些单单个个的的过过去去分分词词也也可可以以作作后后置置定定语语，用用来来强强调调动动作作，如如invited，received，used等。等。例句：例句：They decided to change the material used.他他们们决定更决定更换换使用的材料。使用的材料。(4)过过去去分分词词短短语语作作定定语语要要放放在在被被修修饰饰的的名名词词后后面面，其其作作用相当于一个定用相当于一个定语语从句。从句。例句：例句：The girl dressed in white is my daughter.The girl who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿穿白白色色衣服的女孩子是我的女儿。衣服的女孩子是我的女儿。(5)如如 果果 被被 修修 饰饰 的的 词词 是是 由由 every/some/some/any/no/nothing/thing/body/one所所构构成成的的复复合合代代词词或或指指示示代代词词those等等时时，即即使使是是单单个的个的过过去分去分词词作定作定语语，也要放在被修，也要放在被修饰词饰词的后面。的后面。例句：例句：Is there anything unsolved？还还有没解决的事有没解决的事吗吗？(6)单单个个过过去去分分词词与与名名词词或或副副词词构构成成复复合合形形容容词词时时，放放在在其修其修饰饰的名的名词词前作前置定前作前置定语语。例句：例句：This is a stateowned factory.这这是一家国有工厂。是一家国有工厂。【链接训练链接训练】Tom looked at Jenny, with tears filling his eyes, and shouted out the words_ in his heart for years.Ahiding BhiddenCto hide Dto be hidden【解解析析】考考查查过过去去分分词词作作定定语语。句句意意为为；汤汤姆姆看看着着珍珍妮妮，眼眼里里充充满满了了泪泪水水。大大声声吼吼出出了了他他这这些些年年藏藏在在心心里里的的话话。hidden在在此此作作后后置置定定语语修修饰饰words，相相当当于于定定语语从从句句which were hidden in his heart for years。【答案答案】BThe Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.Ato be completed Bhaving been completedCcompleted Dbeing completed【解解析析】句句意意为为：建建立立于于19世世纪纪初初的的市市政政厅厅是是当当时时最最与与众众不不同同的的建建筑筑。根根据据句句意意可可知知The Town Hall后后需需加加后后置置定定语，根据语，根据in the 1800s可知已完成，故选可知已完成，故选C。【答案答案】CThe professor，_ out the project，made a comment on the report.Awas opposed to carry Bopposed to carryCopposed to carrying Dopposed carrying【解解析析】短短语语be opposed to sth./doing sth.意意思思为为“反反对对(做做)某某事事”。此此处处用用过过去去分分词词短短语语作作后后置置定定语语，相相当当于于定定语语从从句句who was opposed to carrying。【答案答案】C2过去时间状语过去时间状语一一般般过过去去时时主主要要表表示示过过去去某某一一时时间间发发生生的的动动作作或或情情况况，其用法主要体其用法主要体现现在以下几个方面：在以下几个方面：(1)一一般般过过去去时时表表示示过过去去某某一一时时刻刻或或某某一一段段时时间间发发生生的的动动作或状作或状态态。例句：例句：Last night we went to enjoy a good performance.昨天晚上我昨天晚上我们们看了一看了一场场不不错错的演出。的演出。(2)表表示示过过去去的的习习惯惯动动作作，通通常常同同时时间间状状语语或或频频度度状状语语连连用。用。例句：例句：He smoked a lot five years ago.五年前他吸烟很五年前他吸烟很厉厉害。害。(3)used to含含有有强强烈烈的的今今昔昔对对比比意意味味，可可以以和和状状态态动动词词连连用用；而而would表表示示过过去去常常常常的的意意思思时时，不不能能与与状状态态动动词词连连用用，常与表示具体常与表示具体动动作的作的词连词连用。用。例句：例句：There used to stand a tower at the foot of the hill.过过去山脚下去山脚下耸耸立着一座塔。立着一座塔。(不用不用would)(4)在在句句型型It is time that.，It is about time that.和和It is high time that.后后的的从从句句中中以以及及在在would rather，would sooner，had rather，had sooner后后的的从从句句中中用用一一般般过过去去时时表表示示对对目前的虚目前的虚拟拟。例句：例句：Its high time that we went to school.早早该该是我是我们们上学的上学的时间时间了。了。I had rather you came next week.我宁愿你下周来。我宁愿你下周来。【链接训练链接训练】My uncle now teaches French in a famous domestic university, who _ Paris for 6 years.Ahave lived BlivedCwas living Dhad lived【解析解析】表示对过去的事实的陈述用一般过去时。表示对过去的事实的陈述用一般过去时。【答案答案】BExcuse me，visiting hours are over.Its time for you to leave.Im sorry.I _ the time，or I would have left earlier.Adont know Bhavent knownCwas knowing Ddidnt know【解解析析】根根据据句句意意，“你你说说话话之之前前我我不不知知道道”，所所以以表表示的是过去的动作，用一般过去时。示的是过去的动作，用一般过去时。【答案答案】DMy brother went to Japan two years ago.He _ there for a few months and then went to America.Aworked Bwould workCwould be working Dhas been working【解解析析】考考查查谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态。根根据据后后面面动动词词went可可知，此句三个动作为并列关系，用一般过去时。知，此句三个动作为并列关系，用一般过去时。【答案答案】AA vast area north of the Yangtze River _ by the first heavy snow of the new year，causing difficulties to the postfestival road transport.Awere affected Bwas affectedChad affected Dhas affected【解解析析】由由by the first heavy snow可可知知大大雪雪发发生生在在过过去去，应应用用过过去去时时。根根据据句句意意，a vast area与与affect之之间间是是被被动动关关系系，应应用用被被动动语语态态，此此外外，根根据据主主语语是是a vast area表表单单数数，可知选可知选B。【答案答案】BLoading 同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全