1高考英语新题型高考英语新题型语法填空语法填空RationalCloze2Teaching objectives针对语法填空题针对语法填空题进行命题分析进行命题分析结合示例给予解题指导结合示例给予解题指导34命命题题宗宗旨旨旨在考查：旨在考查：语法和语用知识语法和语用知识综合语言运用能力综合语言运用能力着重考查：着重考查：5题材：题材：生活经历或成语故生活经历或成语故事，其内容体现文化内涵，事，其内容体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。或给人心灵以启迪等。语篇形式语篇形式:短文或对话短文或对话长度：长度：200词左右词左右命命题题特特点点体裁：体裁：记叙文为主记叙文为主6纯空格类纯空格类：（：（3-4个题）个题）提示词类提示词类：（：（6-7个题）个题）特别提醒：特别提醒：填的词在填的词在3个以内个以内命命题题形形式式7语语法法考考点点实词实词动动词、名词、代词词、名词、代词形容词、副词形容词、副词虚词虚词连词、介词、连词、介词、代词、冠词代词、冠词句法句法词法词法复合句的引导词。如定语从复合句的引导词。如定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句句，名词性从句，状语从句8阅读和理解语篇阅读和理解语篇分析句子结构分析句子结构熟练运用语法熟练运用语法正确拼写单词正确拼写单词命命题题能能力力要要求求四四种种能能力力9语法知识语法知识 逻辑关系逻辑关系 语篇标志语篇标志固定词组固定词组 词汇知识词汇知识 生活常识生活常识依依据据解解题题思思路路句型搭配句型搭配101.通读全文，了解大意。通读全文，了解大意。2.试填空格，后难先易。试填空格，后难先易。3.重读全文，解决难题。重读全文，解决难题。解解题题步步骤骤1112纯空格题的解题技巧纯空格题的解题技巧一般填一般填代代词、词、冠冠词、词、介介词、词、连连词、词、从句关联从句关联词、词、助助动词、动词、情态情态动词。动词。1.分析句子结构确定填哪类词。分析句子结构确定填哪类词。2.根据句意，句子间的逻辑关系根据句意，句子间的逻辑关系和固定搭配，和固定搭配，确定具体填什么确定具体填什么词；有以下技巧：词；有以下技巧：13技巧技巧1：缺：缺主主语或语或宾宾语，一定语，一定是是填填代代词或词或名名词词(多考多考代代词词)。_isafactthatChinaisstrongerthanbefore.It点拨点拨：句子缺主语，应填名词：句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；或代词；it指代真正的主语指代真正的主语thatbefore这个句子。这个句子。14技巧技巧2：名词前面的空格很可能名词前面的空格很可能是填是填限定词限定词(冠词、形容词性物冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词主代词、不定代词)aTheheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto_smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.a表示表示“一个一个”15技巧技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填词或代词前面，一定是填介介词。词。Itsanhonourformetobeinvited_aguestintheirhouse.as作为作为16语法知识：语法知识：6.9.17.2010.13技巧技巧4：若几个单词或短语之若几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填间没有连词，可能是填连连词。词。Shecameup_gaveMotherabighug.and点拨：点拨：因因cameup和和gaveMotherabighug两个动词短语之间没有连词，两个动词短语之间没有连词，且两者是并列关系，故填且两者是并列关系，故填and。17技巧技巧5：若两句之间没有连词也没若两句之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一定是填有分号或句号，一定是填连接连接词。词。Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,_hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.but表示转折表示转折“但是但是”18Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks_wereborrowedfrommyfriend.that点拨：点拨：that是主句是主句Ibooks和定语从句之间的连接词。和定语从句之间的连接词。19技巧技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词，表示强调或倒装的助动词词，表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等等)。ThebookwasgonebutI_putitinTomsschoolbag.did“确实确实”用来加强语气用来加强语气20Neverbefore_heheardofsuchstrangethings!has点拨点拨:句子是倒装句，现在完句子是倒装句，现在完成时且主语是第三人称单数。成时且主语是第三人称单数。21技巧技巧7：由特殊句式结构由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。来判断空格应填的词。Itwasthat为强调句型为强调句型ItwasafterIgothome_Isawthetextmessage.that22Hewas_wildwithjoythathejumped.so点津点津：sothat句型句型23括号内有提示词解题技巧括号内有提示词解题技巧主要考查主要考查:动词时态和语态、动词时态和语态、非谓语形式、名词、非谓语形式、名词、形容词和副词形容词和副词24提示词是提示词是动词：动词：作谓语：辨清时态和语态作谓语：辨清时态和语态作非谓语作非谓语:v+ing/v+ed/todo词性转换词性转换25副词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词副词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词提示词是提示词是形容词：形容词：提示词是提示词是副词：副词：形容词，比较级，最高级，反义词，形容词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词名词提示词是提示词是名词：名词：形容词，副词，复数，所有格形容词，副词，复数，所有格261._(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwontmakeyoufeelashamed.解析：解析：句中已有谓语句中已有谓语wontmake，谓语前面应为谓语前面应为主语主语,故填故填非谓语非谓语动动词词Speaking.Exercises:Speaking272.Suddenly,he_(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.found做谓语且句子为做谓语且句子为一般过去时一般过去时283.Lessons_(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.点拨点拨 ：过去过去分词做后置定语分词做后置定语learned/learnt294.Theremustbesomething_(serious)wrongwithoursociety.解析：解析：要求填的词修饰要求填的词修饰形容形容词词wrong，作，作状状语，用语，用副副词，词，故填故填seriously。seriously305.Yourmistakecausedalotof_(necessity)workintheoffice.unnecessaryadj.“不必要的不必要的”修饰名词修饰名词work316.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimes_(possible)togetridof.impossibleadj.“不可能的不可能的”做做is的表语的表语327.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat_(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.contributions338.Hetrainedeven_(hard)thanbefore.harderthan和和even都都是比较级的标志是比较级的标志34词类转化诀窍词类转化诀窍： 副词副词名词名词形容词形容词 作主语，宾语填作主语，宾语填_ 作定语，表语，补足语填作定语，表语，补足语填_ 修饰动词，形容词，副词修饰动词，形容词，副词, ,作作 状语状语, ,填填_35361.Will_matterifyoudonttakeyourbreakfast?Ashorttimeago,atest_(give)intheUnitedSates.Peopleofdifferent_,from12to83,wereaskedtohaveatest.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfasts,andsometimestheygot_breakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptosee_welltheirbodiesworkedandwhentheyhadeaten_certainkindofbreakfast.134562itwasgivenagesnohowa37Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshewillworkwithbettereffect_ifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobe_(especial)trueifapersonworks_hisbrains.Forexample,ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwith_(much)attentioninclass.78910morethanwithespecially38 2.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater._1_waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder_2_hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman_3_(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled_4_(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome_5_ahappyheart.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet_6_studenttastethewater.Hespititout,_7_(say)itwasawful.The who presented warmly with another saying39Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher,Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_8_?Theteacherreplied,Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_9_(sweet).“Weunderstandthislessonbest_10_wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace,theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething. itsweeterwhen403.Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult1wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot3pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor4(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.Janepausedinfrontofacounter5someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoubletheitpushedwhere2topleasea41Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes7sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease8.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready9tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane10(inform).price.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather6(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.choiceonhimatwasinformed42Homework语篇填空书P37:Passage21,224344Thank you!45