LANGUAGE AWARENESS 4,CULTURE CORNER AND BULLETIN BOARD一二三一、短语互译1.把和联系在一起2.为所知3.预料某事要发生4.insomecases5.inaddition6.包含在associate.with.beknowntobeexpectedto在某些情况下另外beinvolvedin二、将下列句子改写为“It is+过去分词+that从句”结构1.Weallthinkthatheisaverygoodpianist.2.Heisconsideredtobeanhonestmaninthevillage.3.Peoplebelievethateatingtoomuchisbadforourhealth.4.Theplayerisreportedtohavegoneabroadforfurthereducation.5.ThewomanissupposedtobelearningEnglishthesedays.答案:Itisthoughtthatheisaverygoodpianist.答案:Itisconsideredthatheisanhonestmaninthevillage.答案:Itisbelievedthateatingtoomuchisbadforourhealth.答案:Itisreportedthattheplayerhasgoneabroadforfurthereducation.答案:ItissupposedthatthewomanislearningEnglishthesedays.一二三三、回答问题1.Whyisthenumberofthetortoisesdeclining?2.Whathappenedtotheseawater?3.WhatstheuseoftheNoahWebsterDictionary?4.WhendidAustralianEnglishbegin?5.Whatshould“you”dowhen“you”meetanewword?答案:Becausemoreandmoreofthemarebeingkilledforfood.答案:Almostamillionlitresofoilleakedintothesea.答案:ItnotonlyhadAmericanwordsandexpressionsbutalsointroducedanewandsimplifiedspelling.答案:In1788whenthefirstBritishprisonersweresentawaytoAustraliaaspunishment.答案:“I”prefertolookaroundthewordandguessitsmeaning.一二三123456789101.Celebrity is not usually a characteristic associated with middle-aged giant tortoises from the Galapagos Islands.加拉帕戈斯群岛的中年巨龟并不是一直就很有名气。考点associatewith.和来往;和共事,同联合;(在思想上)同联系在一起Ialwaysassociatethesmellofbakingwithmychildhood.一闻到烤面包的香味,我就会想起我的童年。Idontlikeyouassociatingwiththosepeople.我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。1)MayIassociatemyselfwiththePrimeMinistersremarks?我可以表示赞成首相的话吗?归纳:associateoneselfwith表示“表明支持/赞同”。2)相关短语:link.to/with.把与连接起来connect.to/with.把与连接起来活学活用语法填空1)Inchildrensminds,summers(associate)withswimmingandpicnics.2)Writedownalltheideasorwordsassociatedcandles.areassociatedwith123456789102.However,few have been so influenced by humanity as Lonesome George.然而,很少有(巨龟)像孤独的乔治这样受到人类的影响。考点influencevt.影响;改变Hiswritingshaveinfluencedthelivesofmillions.他的作品影响了数百万人的生活。123456789101)注意influence的其他用法:Whatistheinfluenceoftelevisiononchildren?电视对儿童有什么影响?Thefilmhadastronginfluenceonsomeyoungpeople.那部电影对一些年轻人产生了极大的影响。归纳:influence除了动词的词性外,还有名词词性。常用短语:haveaninfluenceon“对有影响”。2)同义词:affectvt.影响effectn.影响12345678910活学活用语法填空Mostparentsthinkthatcomputergameshaveabadinfluencetheirchildren.on123456789103.Nevertheless,it was the effect of the goats introduced to the Galapagos by the early settlers that are understood to have destroyed the ecological balance on the islands and the livelihood of Georges clan.然而,人们认为是早期的移民带到加拉帕戈斯群岛的山羊摧毁了岛上的生态平衡和乔治家族赖以生存的食物来源。剖析本句是一个强调句,强调了主语theeffectofthegoats;introducedto.是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰thegoats。Itwasayoungmanthatsavedthegirlslifethatday.那天是一个年轻人救了这个女孩的命。12345678910考点effectn.影响,结果【高考典句】Thechangesinourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.人口结构的改变会对我们的社会发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。1)相关短语:haveaneffecton对有影响comeintoeffect开始实施ineffect实际上takeeffect起作用123456789102)辨析:effect,affect与efforteffectn.影响,结果;常构成短语haveaneffecton.对有影响。WatchingTVtoolonghasabadeffectonyourhealth.看电视时间太长对健康不利。affectvt.影响Youropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.你的观点不会影响我的决定。effortn.努力;常构成短语makeanefforttodosth.努力做某事。Theclubismakingeveryefforttoattractmorepeople.这家俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多的人。12345678910活学活用语法填空1)Althoughheisheremployer,shehaseffectfullcontrol.2)Whenwillthenewtimetablecomeeffect?3)Theconferencehasbeenheldtodiscusstheeffectsoftourismthewildlifeinthearea.inintoon123456789104.At first,it was feared that the islands many unique species would be damaged,but the archipelago is expected to make a full recovery.起初,人们担心这些岛屿上的许多独特物种会受到损害,但这个群岛有望完全恢复。剖析本句是由but连接的并列句。在第一个分句中,it是形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。考点beexpectedto预料某事要发生【高考典句】(2016北京高考)Orderedoveraweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.这些书是一星期以前订购的,预计现在随时都可能到达。12345678910观察expect的用法:Asexpected,thepeacetalkbrokedown.正如所料,和平谈判破裂了。Thecostoftherepairsismorethanexpected.修理费高于预期费用。Itisexpectedthatthebuildingwillbecompletedbythespring.预计这幢大楼在春天前完工。归纳:asexpected的意思是“正如所料”;morethanexpected的意思是“比预料的多”;itisexpectedthat.的意思是“预计”。12345678910活学活用完成句子1)(预计)thatthereportwillsuggestsomemajorreforms.2)(正如所料),oneofthebeststudentscarriedofftheprize.ItisexpectedAsexpected123456789105.By the time George was discovered,breeding programmes were known to be increasing the numbers of other tortoise sub-species,but it was acknowledged that his case was different. 到乔治被发现的时候为止,人们知道繁殖计划是为了增加其他海龟亚种的数量,但是人们也承认乔治的情况有所不同。剖析在第一个分句中,Georgewasdiscovered是定语从句,修饰time。在第二个分句中,it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。考点一beacknowledgedthat.被认为;承认Itwasuniversallyacknowledgedthatpurpleisanoblecolour.过去,人们普遍认为紫色是高贵的颜色。12345678910Heiswidelyacknowledgedtobe/asoneofthebestplayersintheworld.普遍认为他是全球最佳选手之一。归纳:beacknowledgedtobe/as的意思是“被认为是”。12345678910考点二casen.情形;事例Insomecases,peoplehavetowaitforseveralweeksforanappointmentwiththefamousprofessor.在某些情况下,人们必须等上好几周才能约到这位著名的教授。【高考典句】ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.迈克尔想得很周到,他通知我们他耽搁的事情,以免我们担心。Thedoctoraskedustocallhimupduringthenightincaseofnecessity.医生吩咐我们在夜里万一有需要就给他打电话。归纳:incase的意思是“以防,可能,倘若”,与其后成分一起作状语;incaseof的意思是“如果,万一”,后面接名词。12345678910活学活用完成句子1)众所周知,空气和水对人类来说非常重要。airandwaterareveryimportanttoman.2)其中,梅兰芳被公认为中国表演艺术的代表。Amongthem,MeiLanfangthesymbolofChinasperformingart.词语替换3)Thisgirlwasconsideredasthebestvolleyballplayerintheteam.4)Itisbelievedthatdogshaveanacutesenseofsmell.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatisacknowledgedtobe答案:acknowledgedtobe/as答案:Itisacknowledged12345678910语法填空5)Illpreparemoredishescaseyourguestsdecidetostayfordinner.6)Incasefire,ringthealarmbell.inof123456789106.语法非人称转述结构转述人们的一般认识或说的话时,我们可以用“It+is/was+动词的被动式”结构,常用于这一结构的动词有:predict,say,know,believe,claim,suppose,think,fear等,这一结构称为非人称转述结构。Itissaidthatbodylanguageisusedinalmosteveryplace.据说,肢体语言几乎用于每一个地方。Itisfearedthathemayhavebeenkidnapped.人们担心他可能被绑架了。也可以把有关的人和事放在句首,后面用不定式结构:sb./sth.+bepredicted/saidtodo.12345678910ItispredictedthatwewillhaveabetterenvironmenttostudyEnglish.=WearepredictedtohaveabetterenvironmenttostudyEnglish.据预测,我们将有一个更好的学习英语的环境。用不定式结构应注意以下两点:1.如果转述的动作发生于转述的同一时间,可以用动词不定式的一般式:ItisknownthattheypreferreadingEnglishaloudinthemorning.=TheyareknowntopreferreadingEnglishaloudinthemorning.众所周知,他们更喜欢在早晨朗读英文。123456789102.如果转述的动作发生在转述之前,用不定式的完成式:Itispredictedthattheyhavefinishedtheirhomeworkaheadoftime.=Theyarepredictedtohavefinishedtheirhomeworkaheadoftime.据预测,他们已经提前完成了家庭作业。123456789107.In addition,there are many more millions of people who speak English as a second language.除此之外,还有好几百万人把英语作为第二语言来使用考点inaddition另外【高考典句】Inaddition,newcoffee-growingtechniquesarepoisoningthewaterlocally,andeventuallytheworldsgroundwater.另外,新的咖啡种植技术正在污染当地的水源,最终将污染全球的地下水资源。Inadditiontothesearrangements,extraambulanceswillbeondutyuntilmidnight.除了这些安排以外,还有额外增加的救护车值班到深夜。12345678910归纳:inaddition为副词性短语,作状语。inadditionto“除之外(还)”,后接名词、动词-ing形式或代词。活学活用完成句子1)Ourgasbillshavebeenincreasingsteadily.(除了)these,ourtelephonecostshavedoubledoverthepastsixmonths.2)Thisgardenhasthebestcollectionofnativeplants.(另外),itcontainsnumeroustreesandflowersfromoverseas.InadditiontoInaddition123456789108.Besides,English is the most widely studied foreign language in the world.此外,英语也是世界上被最多人学习的外语。考点一besidesprep.&adv.除外;另外Theplaywasbadlyacted,besidesbeingfartoolong.这出戏除了太长之外,演得也不好。Idontliketheshoes;besides,theyaretooexpensive.我不喜欢这双鞋子,另外,也太贵了。12345678910辨析:besides和exceptIlookedeverywherebesidestheroofoftheroom,butexceptunderthebed.我看了每一个地方,包括屋顶,就是没看床底下。归纳:besides表示“除外,另外”,着重“另外还有”。except表示“除外,没有”,着重“另外没有”。12345678910考点二widelyadv.普遍地;广泛地;范围广地Thebirthofababypenguininthezoowaswidelyreported.动物园里小企鹅的出生被广泛报道。Shestaredathimwitheyeswide.她睁大了眼睛盯着他。12345678910辨析:widely和wide12345678910high高(具体)highly高(抽象)deep深(具体)deeply深深地(抽象)close近(具体)closely仔细地(抽象)活学活用选词填空1)workingasadoctor,healsowritesnovelsinhissparetime.(Besides/Except)2)Wewatchedthemaptothinkupapracticalwayofgettingtotheisland.(close/closely)Besidescloselyclose123456789109.I think by imitating,I get not only beautiful pronunciation and intonation,but also a kind of “feeling” for English.我认为通过模仿,我不仅能学到漂亮的发音和语调,还得到了一种英语“语感”。剖析本句是一个主从复合句,其中,Igetnotonly.是宾语从句。byimitating是方式状语。考点notonly.butalso.不但而且NotonlyhisunclebutalsohisgrandfatherisbeginningtoshowaninterestinEnglish.不仅他的叔叔,就连他的爷爷也开始对英语感兴趣了。NotonlydoeshelikereadingEnglishstories,butalsohecanwriteEnglishdiaries.他不但喜欢读英语故事,还会写英语日记。12345678910归纳:1)notonly.butalso.连接并列主语时,谓语与相邻的名词或代词形式保持一致。2)notonly.butalso.连接两个并列分句时,notonly置于句首时,其所在分句部分倒装,butalso所在分句为陈述语序。活学活用完成句子1)Thecomputerwasusedinteaching.Asaresult,notonly(节省了老师的精力),butstudentsbecamemoreinterestedinlessonsaswell.2)NotonlyAnnsparentsbutalsoshe(待在家里)everySunday.wasteachersenergysavedstaysathome1234567891010.But I was so involved in the story that I didnt want to stop to check its meaning.但是我太过专注于故事,以至于不想停下来查看它的意思。剖析这是一个主从复合句,so.that.引导结果状语从句。考点involvevt.使忙于;使陷于;牵涉Dontinvolveotherpeopleinyourtrouble.不要把别人牵涉到你的麻烦之中。HewasinvolvedinwritinghisEnglishletter.他在聚精会神地写英语书信。归纳:beinvolvedin的意思是“包含在;与有关;被卷入;专心地(做)”。12345678910活学活用语法填空1)Theformermanagerofthecompanywassaid(involve)inanorganizedcrime.2)IseemtohaveinvolvedmyselfsomethingIdontunderstand.tohavebeeninvolvedin12345678910