Unit 1n Grammar Overview of tenses1:present tensesnPresent tenses are used to talk about the present time. These tenses include: simple present present continuous present perfect present perfect continuousnwe use the simple present tense to talk about things that:n 1.I am at a comedy show. 2.The sun rises in the east. 3.The Academy Award show is on television every year. 4.Every time a prop comedian tells a joke, he or she uses a thing, called a prop. simple presentare true now or are always true.occur regularly1这里很少下雪这里很少下雪2他喜爱体育运动他喜爱体育运动3太阳从东方升起太阳从东方升起4他总是乐于助人他总是乐于助人1.It seldom snows here.2. He loves sports.3.The sun rises in the east.4.He is always ready to help others.Time marker: usually; always; seldom; often; sometimes; frequently; every day; every week; on sundaysNote 1:1.He is always making trouble.2.He is constantly leaving his things about.3.You are always changing your mind.Eg.他总是想着别人他总是想着别人He is always thinking of others.Note 21.Itll be a long time before we _(meet) again.2.Even if it _(rain) tomorrow, well go.3.Ill call on you unless it _(rain) tomorrow.4.Ill stay with you so long as there_(be) is a room free.meetrainsrainsis 在时间，条件，让步在时间，条件，让步,方式状语从句中，用一般方式状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，现在完成时，代替现在时代替一般将来时，现在完成时，代替将来完成时将来完成时 eg.公共汽车未停稳，别下车公共汽车未停稳，别下车。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.Note 31.The plane takes off at 10 a.m.tomorrow.2.We leave for Beijing next week.3.The film starts at 7 p.m. this evening4.My birthday is in two weeks time.表按照安排，计划或时刻表，表按照安排，计划或时刻表，用一般现在时代替一般将来时用一般现在时代替一般将来时Eg. 早班车早班车7点点The early bus leaves at 7 a.m.Note 4 1.Look! Here comes the bus!2.There goes the bell! 在在here/there引导的倒装句中，引导的倒装句中， 用一般现在时代替现在进行时用一般现在时代替现在进行时1.= The bus is coming here.2.=The bell is ringing nWe use the present continuous tense to talk about actions that: 1.are happening or in progress now. are being planned now, but will happen in the future. 2.happen repeatedly, used with always, usually with a negative connotation.present continuous3.You look lovely when you are smiling.1看！猴子正在爬树。看！猴子正在爬树。2你的学习进展如何？你的学习进展如何？3你笑时很可爱你笑时很可爱1.Look! The monkey is climbing the tree.2.How are you getting on with your study?-time marker: now; right now; at present; at the present time; for the moment; these days/yearsNote 11.How many of you are coming to the party tonight?2.A foreigner is giving a lecture in English this afternoon.1表位置移动的动词可用进行时表将来时。表位置移动的动词可用进行时表将来时。2表预计将要发生的事情也可用进行时表将来时表预计将要发生的事情也可用进行时表将来时nWe use the present perfect tense to talk about how the past and present are connected. We use it for: 1. experiences that are repeated. 2.things that happened in the past, but have an effect on the present . 3.things that started in the past and are still happening now.present perfectn1. experiences that are repeated He has hosted the show eight times. Bill Crystal has been in many films and television shows. 2. things that happened in the past, but have an effect on the present Doctors have found that people who laugh a lot live longer! Some stand-up comedians have became famous as television and film actors later on in life . 3. things that started in the past and are still happening now. People have always enjoyed laughing . Comedians have always told jokes and performed comic acts. time marker: -already; never; ever; just; before; recently; lately; yet; so far; by now; up till now; up to the present; for; all the time; since;several timesSentence structuresIts the first/secondtime that+现在完成时现在完成时这是我第三次给你们讲这个语法点这是我第三次给你们讲这个语法点Its the third time that I have explained the language point.=I have explained the language points three times so far.1.In the past there _(be) no trees in or around the village.2.In the past three weeks, I _ (not see) him.werehavent seen3.我读完这本书后将给出我的观点我读完这本书后将给出我的观点Ill give my opinion after I have finished reading the book.Correct the following sentences:1. He has arrived in China for 5 years.been 2.He has joined the army for 5 years. been inCan you tell me the tenses of the next two sentences?1. Doctors have been researching that question.2.The curtains finally openthe audience have been waiting an hour for the show. We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past, have lasted up to now and will probably continue to happen.present perfect continuousnFinish the sentences by writing the correct forms of tenses. 1.I will tell her when he _(come) tomorrow. 2.She _(measure) the hall. (她正在测量大厅她正在测量大厅) 3.I _ (not finish) reading the book yet, so I cant return it to the library. 4.The earth _(move) round the sun. Exercise 1:comesis measuringhavent finishedmoves5. In the future I shall do as she _.(say)6.She was sleepless many nights. She _(be) very tired and cant concentrate at all. So she decides to go to see the doctor.7.As the city _ (have) many entertaining places to go, we treated the foreign friends to some real Chinese food.sayshas beendoes not have8.Ma Ling _(live) in Shanghai, but she _(live) in Beijing at the moment.9.A big department store _ (stand) in the centre of the town. A girl _(stand) at the gate of the store.10.I _(leave) for Shanghai this Monday. 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