Module 4Unit 1Advertising重点单词1aware adj.知道的；明白的 【用法拓展】 be aware ofbe aware that aware常用作表语或补足语，通常不作定语，当其用于否定句 时，后可接由wh词引导的从句，此时of常可省略。 They are fully aware of the importance of protecting the environment. 他们十分明白保护环境的重要性。 I wasnt even aware that he was ill. 我都不知道他生病了。剑桥高阶 You are not aware(of)how worried I felt about your safety. 你不知道我多么担心你的安全。 即学即用完成句子你知道这些孩子们在学习英语方面很吃力吗？ Are you _ _ these children have great difficulty in learning English? 答案：aware that她的话使我明白了经常锻炼的重要性。 _ she said made me _ _ the importance of regular exercise. 答案：What；aware ofSomething should be done to make him(意识到)_ _ the dangers of taking drugs. 答案：aware of2share vt.&vi.共用；分享；分担；平均分配 n一份；股份 【用法拓展】 share the joys and hardships 同甘共苦 share sth.with sb.与某人分享某物 share sth.between/among sb.和某人分配某物 share(in) 分享,分担 share out 分摊 share an interest 兴趣相同 Theres only one bedroom，so well have to share. 只有一间卧室，所以我们只好合住。 She wont share her secret with us.她不愿意把她的秘密告诉我们. The money was shared out between them.这笔钱由他们分摊。 She owns 5,000 shares in the company.她拥有公司的五千股份。 She and her husband have many shared interests. 她和她丈夫有许多共同的兴趣。剑桥高阶即学即用单项选择Let Harry play with your toys as well，Clareyou must learn to_. Asupport Bcare Cspare Dshare 答案：D完成句子The teacher suggested that they _ _ _(分担费用)among them. 答案：share the expensesWe are good friends，so we should _(分 享)happiness and sorrow. 答案：share3persuasive adj.有说服力的；劝导性的 【用法拓展】 a persuasive speech 一次充满说服力的演讲 a persuasive speaker 有说服力的演说家 persuade sb.to do(或into doing)sth.说服某人做某事 Your arguments are very persuasive. 你的论据非常有说服力。剑桥高阶 Who persuaded you to join the school club？ 谁说服你参加学校俱乐部的？ Dont let some advertisements persuade you into buying the things you dont really want. 不要让有些广告诱导你去买些你并不真正需要的东西。即学即用单项选择I _ my father _ and he did so. Aadvised；to stop smoking Btried to persuade；to give off smoking Cpersuaded；to give up smoking Dsuggested；to stop to smoke 答案：CHave you _ him? Yes.After some hours of discussion，I _ to reason him in accepting the new plan. Apersuaded；had managed Badvised；would manage Cadvised；have managed Dpersuaded；managed 答案：D完成句子They believed the child by his _ _(有说服力 的理由) 答案：persuasive reasonsShe is so skilled that she can easily _ _ _ _(说服人们购买)the new products. 答案：persuade people into buying/to buy4service n服务；招待 【用法拓展】 at ones service 随时为某人做某事 be of service to sb. 对某人有用处 in service 被雇用着，在服兵役 on service 在某行业工作，在服兵役 do sb.a service 帮某人的忙 in the service of sb.为某人服务 If you need anything，Im at your service. 如果你需要什么，请尽管吩咐。 Can I be of service to anyone? 有谁需要我帮忙吗？ Youve done me a great servicethank you. 你已经帮了我的大忙太谢谢了。剑桥高阶即学即用May I come on Sundays and do some reading here? Sure.My secretary and library will be at your _. Ahelp Bcompany Cservice Drequest 答案：C5. promote vt.推销；促进；提升 【用法拓展】 promote sb.to 提升某人为. be promoted to 被提升，被升级 The band has gone on tour to promote their new album. 这个乐队已经开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。 A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics，which in turn will promote its economic development. 清洁的环境有助于城市申办奥林匹克项目，反过来，这也 将会不断地促进该城市经济的发展。 If Im not promoted within the next two years，Im going to change jobs.如果我在今后两年内得不到提升，我就换 工作。剑桥高阶即学即用单项选择We should not sacrifice environmental protection to _ economic growth. Aconcentrate Bpromote Cassociate Daccumulate 答案：B完成句子The Prime Ministers visit will _(促进)the cooperation between the two countries. 答案：promoteAs a sales manager，your job is _(推销)the new product to make it known to consumers. 答案：promoting6intend v打算；企图；意思是 【用法拓展】 be intended for 为打算/设计的 intend to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intention of doing sth.想要做某事 without intention 无意的 by intention 故意地 with good intention 善意的，诚意的 I dont think she intended me to hear the remark. 我觉得她并不想让我听见那话。剑桥高阶 My brother intends to study abroad next year. 我弟弟打算明年到国外留学。 He went to Paris with the intention of learning French. 他去巴黎是为了学法语。They intended that the project should be carried out at the end of the year.他们打算这一工程在年底上马。The book intended for children has been published.那本专供儿童阅读的书已经出版了。 即学即用单项选择He has made a lot of mistakes in the paper，though he did not _. Aattend to Bintend to Cintend for Dintend making 答案：B完成句子He _ _ _(本打算)finish the project ahead of time，but he failed. 答案：had intended toThese flowers are _ _(打算给)the teachers with thirty yearsteaching experience. 答案：intended for7. lie n说谎 v躺，存在 【用法拓展】 lie to sb.对某人说谎 lie down 躺下 lie in 在于，位于 tell lies/a lie to sb.对某人说谎 a white lie 善意的谎言 lie on ones back/side/stomach仰卧/侧卧/俯卧 lie about游手好闲 lieliedliedlying 说谎 lielaylainlying 躺下，位于 laylaidlaid 放，搁，下蛋，产卵 The little boy was caught telling a lie. 小男孩说谎时被揭穿。美国传统Little Tom always lies to his classmates，so they dont like him.小汤姆老是对他的同学撒谎，所以他们不喜欢他。The young man lay on the grass，with his eyes looking at the sky.年轻人躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。The town lies on the coast.这个小镇位于海滨。即学即用By no means _ to your parents. Ais this the first time you are lying Bthis is the first time you have lied Cthis is the first time you tell a lie Dis this the first time you have lied 答案：DThe man _ on the ground said that he had _ his bicycle behind that big tree. Alie；lay Blying；lay Clying；laid Dlay；laid 答案：CHubei Province is _ north of Hunan； Wuhan，its capital city，lies _ the Changjiang River. Ato；on Bin the；in C/；on Dto the；in 答案：C8cure v治愈；解决 n治疗；治愈；疗法 【用法拓展】 cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的疾病；解决某人的问题 a cure for.治疗的病；的对策 curable adj.可医治的 cureless adj.无法医治的，不能解决的 【易混辨析】 cure/treat/recover/heal cure作动词“治愈”讲时，指通过正确的方法使某人免除疾 病得以康复。 treat作动词时可表示“治疗”，是指为去除疾病而采取措 施，它是“治愈”的一个必要的过程，但其结果却未必一定 能“治愈”。 recover 康复，恢复。 heal 常指伤口愈合。Strong medicine cured the patient quickly.强效药使这位患者迅速康复。美国传统Penicillin is used as a cure for infections.青霉素用于治疗感染。美国传统即学即用Parents try to _ their children of their bad habits.Acure Btreat Crecover Dheal答案：A21Although this medicine can cure you _ your illness，it has a bad effect _ you.Afor；on Bof；on Cof；at Dfor；in 答案：BIf he _ in a proper way，maybe he could have been saved.Ahad been treated Bwas cured Chad treated Dtreated答案：A2223重点短语1not all./all.not为“部分否定”表达法。意为“并非都；不 是所有的都”。 Not all ants go out for food.All ants dont go out for food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出去找食物。 All the people in America dont like beer. Not all the people in America like beer. 并非所有的美国人都喜爱啤酒。 【用法拓展】 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)还常用如下一些表达： (1)not both(或both.not)并非两个都 (2)not every.(或every.not)不是每都 (3)not always.(或always.not)并非总是(并非一直) (4)entirely，altogether，completely和quite的否定式： 不完全；并非完全(5)all the time的否定式：并非一直；未必老是如要对上述的all，both，every，always，以及entirely，altogether，completely，quite和all the time等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如none，neither，no one，never，not(never).at all等。Not both of them can speak French.他们俩并不都会说法语。Every girl isnt good at singing or dancing.并不是每个女孩儿都善于唱歌或跳舞。Honesty is not always the best policy.诚实未必永远是上策。Im not altogether sure I want that(I have doubts about it)我不能完全肯定我想要那个。剑桥高阶【特别提醒】not.or.是对其后面的两部分全盘否定He did not speak clearly or correctly.他讲的既不清楚也不正确.即学即用单项选择Which of the following is different from the other three in meaning?ANot every child wants to be a sports star. BNot all children want to be sports stars.CAll children dont want to be sports stars. DNone of the children want to be sports stars.答案：D完成句子并非所有的学生都喜欢听流行音乐。_ _ _ _ enjoy listening to pop music.答案：Not all the students/All the students dont_ _ _ _(并非所有的书)here are worth reading.答案：Not all the books2425262commit a crime 犯罪 【用法拓展】 commit to sth./doing sth.保证/承诺做某事 commit oneself on sth.公开表明自己的意见 commit sth.to 把转交 Once we have committed to this course of action there is no going back.一旦我们承诺采取这一行动，就没有回头路。 剑桥高阶 You dont have to commit yourself now，just think about it. 你不必现在表态，只需考虑一下这件事即学即用To satisfy the people，the government must _ to improving health care.Areply Bpromise Ccommit Ddecide答案：C273.appeal to vt.对有吸引力；迎合；呼吁 【用法拓展】 appeal to sb.for sth.(make an appeal to sb.for sth.) 为某事向某人呼吁 appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事 appeal to the law诉诸法律 appeal to sb.s better nature/sense of honour/sense of justice 唤起某人的良知/荣誉感/正义感 to make/launch an appeal to sb.向某人发出紧急呼吁；恳求 take an appeal to上诉 Your suggestion appealed to me.你的提议正合我意。 The police have issued an appeal to the public to stay away from the centre of town at the weekend. 警察呼吁公众在周末远离市中心。剑桥高阶即学即用单项选择They have decided to show the children around the small town because the brightly colored houses there _ children.Aappeal to Bappeal for Ccater to Dcater for答案：A完成句子The advertisements should be designed to _ _(迎合)all ages and social groups.答案：appeal toMany young people like Jacks songs，that is to say，his songs _(迎合)to young people.答案：appeal282930重点句子.it is time to decide what you want the audience to know or think about.【用法拓展】与有关的句型：(1)It is time(for sb.)to do sth.(2)It is time for sth.(3)It/This/That is/was the first/second time that.(4)It is/was(high)time that sb.should do/did sth.It is time for you to wake up.你该醒悟了。It is time to take a positive step to break the vicious circle.现在是采取积极措施来打破这个恶性循环的时候了。Its the fifth time that he has been to Yunnan for traveling. 这是他第五次去云南旅游了。即学即用句型转换Its time for me to pick up my son from school.Its time that _ my son from school.答案：I picked up/I should pick up翻译句子是你归还这本书的时候了。_答案：Its time for you to return this book.几个月来我是头一次感到轻松了。_答案：Its the first time that Ive felt really relaxed for months. 313233语法精讲直接引语和间接引语direct speech(direct narration)直接叙述的话语，即直接引语。the style used in writing to report what someone said by repeating their actual words.reported speech(indirect speech)转告引述的话语，即间接引语。the style used in writing to report what someone said without repeating their actual words.Notes：1引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时，通常用whether或if引 导，而引述选择疑问句时，一般只能用whether引导。 Eg：“Does he really mean it？” I wondered whether/if he really meant it. “They live in groups，dont they？” He asked whether/if they lived in groups. “Is this book yours or his？” She asked me whether this book was mine or his.2. 引述特殊疑问句时，用原句中的wh词引导 Eg：“Why didnt you stop her？” He asked why I hadnt stopped her.3引述陈述句时，用连词that引导(that在口语中常被省略)。 Eg：He said，“I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much. “Ive left my book in your room.” He told me that he had left his book in my room.4引述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变成带to 的不定 式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell，ask， order 等动词,如果祈使句为否定句,在不定式的前面加上not. She said to us，“Please sit down.” She asked us to sit down. He said to him，“Go away！” He ordered him to go away. He said，“Dont make so much noise，boys.” He told the boys not to make so much noise.5在将直接引语变成间接引语时要特别注意几个变化： (1)人称的变化： 间接引语是转述别人的话，说话时由于 角色的不同，人称代词要根据实际情况作相应的变化。 Eg：Mr Black said，“Im busy.” Mr Black said that he was busy. “Do you mind my opening all your windows？” he asked us. He asked us if we minded his opening all our windows. (2)时态的变化：如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接 引语变成间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作 相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态 则无需变化。(3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化语法专练1Can you tell me _？ Awho the gentleman is Bthat gentleman is who Cwho that gentleman Dwhom is that gentleman 解析：引述特殊疑问句时,从句中的主谓要还原成正常语序. 答案：A2I want to know _. Awhat city does she come from Bfrom what city does she come Cfrom which city does she come Dwhich city she comes from 解析：引述特殊疑问句时，从句中的主谓无需倒装。 答案：D3He said that he _ there for three years. Ahas studied Bhad studied Cstudied Dwas studying 解析：引述陈述句时，需注意从句的时态。 答案：B4Tom said，“Could you help me with my maths，Mum？” Tom asked Mum _. Athat she could help him with his maths Bto help him with his maths Cif she could help him with her maths Dwhether he could help her with her maths 解析：引述一般疑问句时，通常用whether或if引导。但本 题C、D人称不对，因此符合题意的只能是B项。 答案：B5The professor said that the Earth _ all the time. Amoves Bmoved Cmove Dhad moved 解析：引述客观真理时，时态无需变化。 答案：A6The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus？” The teacher asked me _. Aif I was waiting for the bus Bwas I waiting for the bus Cyou are waiting for the bus DI was waiting for the bus 解析：引述一般疑问句时，通常用whether或if引导。 答案：A7My mother asked me to show my homework to her. My mother said to me，“_ homework.” ATo show her my BShow me her CShow me your DShowing me mine 解析：将句子还原成祈使句时，需将to去掉。 答案：C8.The teacher said Columbus _ America in 1492. Ahad discovered Bdiscovers Cdiscovered Dhas discovered 解析：本题重在强调这件事情发生在“in 1492”，因此用 过去式。 答案：C9He said that the film _ when he _ to the cinema and he was sorry to have missed the first part of the film. Ahad begum；got Bhas begun；got Chad begun；had got Dbegan；got 解析：主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语 时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。 答案：A10Tom said _ he was not sure _ the news was true and _ he would find out the truth himself. Athat；that；that Bif；if；if Cthat；if；that Dif；that；it 解析：本题考查了两个宾语从句，第一个空格的that可以省 略，第三个空格的that由and连接，不能省略，第二个空格表 “是否”，用if引导。 答案：CMany of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，_ they knew it to be valuable.(2007浙江，8)Aas if Bnow that Ceven though Dso that解析：本题考查连词的用法。句意：他们中的很多人不听他的劝告，尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if好像；now that既然；even though尽管；so that以便，因此。答案：C例1教材原文对照Even if an ad does not lie, it does not mean it tells you the complete truth. (P2)You didnt use to like him much when we were at school，_？(2008上海春招，30)Awere we Bwerent we Cdid you Ddidnt you解析：本题考查动词短语be used to 和used to 的区别，同时也考查了反意疑问句的用法。本题前面用了否定，后面用肯定。答案：C例2教材原文对照 We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day. (P2)Its going to rain.Xiao Feng，will you please help me _ the clothes on the line？(2008陕西，20)Aget off Bget back Cget in Dget on解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。句意为：“肖峰，天要下雨了，你能帮我把晒衣绳上的衣服收起来吗？”get in表示“收集，收割”，get off的意思是“下车”，get back 表示“取回”，get on “上车”。答案：C例3教材原文对照There are lots of different ways to get your message across when you are putting together an ad campaign. (P18)At the meeting they discussed three different _ to the study of mathematics.(湖北，24)Aapproaches Bmeans Cmethods Dways解析：approach to.做的方法。B、C与of连用。the way to do sth.或the way of doing sth.。答案：A例4教材原文对照You must decide what approach you want to use. (P18)同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全