Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.现在完成时（三）yard saleWe have many great things at this yard sale. .Our family Our family has collectedhas collected so many things so many things over theover the years years, but we dont use, but we dont use them anymore. them anymore.收集了收集了收集了收集了多年来，强调持续的状态，多年来，强调持续的状态，多年来，强调持续的状态，多年来，强调持续的状态，常用于现在完成时常用于现在完成时常用于现在完成时常用于现在完成时toy bearHow long have you had this toy bear?I have had it for three years.I bought it three years ago.scarfHow long 一年一年去年去年soft toyHow long 3 3 年半年半年半年半3 3年半以前年半以前年半以前年半以前This is Toms dog . This is Toms dog . He has had this dogHe has had this dogsince 4 years ago.since 4 years ago.He has had this dog He has had this dog for 4 years.for 4 years.This is Toms fathers car.How long has he had this car?He has had it since Tom was 11 years old.He has had it since Tom was 11 years old.He bought it when Tom was 11 .bread makerHow long has?10 年年10 年以前年以前board gameHow long 5 岁。岁。5 岁的时候岁的时候He has lived in Beijing since 1999.自自1999年以来他一直住在北京。年以来他一直住在北京。（说明他现在仍然在北京。）（说明他现在仍然在北京。）He lived in Bejing in 1999.在在1999年的时候他在北京住过。年的时候他在北京住过。（现在是否住在北京不知道）（现在是否住在北京不知道）since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere. for:(长达）达）for+时间段时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法的用法: Takenotes 现在完成时常和现在完成时常和 for for 或或 since since 引导引导的表示的表示 “一段时间一段时间”的短语或从句连的短语或从句连用（用（ 例如：例如：for a week, for many for a week, for many years, for a long time/ since years, for a long time/ since 1978,since last year, since he 1978,since last year, since he came herecame here）此时动词不可用瞬间动词，）此时动词不可用瞬间动词，而必须用延续性动词。（下面我们与而必须用延续性动词。（下面我们与过去时对比，来说明这种用法）过去时对比，来说明这种用法）实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词 2)延续动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意:瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用.短暂性短暂性动词与时间段的关系动词与时间段的关系 短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用不能与时间段连用，这，这些动词是：些动词是： become, become, come (go, arrive), come (go, arrive), begin, begin, die, die, buy, buy, finish, finish, borrow, borrow, join, join, leave leave, , 等。等。为了表述这种意思为了表述这种意思, ,我们常用相应的我们常用相应的延延续性动词续性动词 来代替短暂性动词。来代替短暂性动词。method 1: 动作动作状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead 翻翻 译译 练练 习：习： 1.1.我买了这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。 2.2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。 Iboughtthiswatchfiveyearsago.Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago. Theoldmandiedtenyearsago.Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyearssince10 yearsago.下一页上一页主菜单ww 3.3.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。 4.4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5.5.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。 Hecameback3daysago. Hehasbeenbackfor3dayssince3daysago. Hecamehereat6oclock. Hehasbeenheresince6oclock. Ileavehometown10yearsago.Ihavebeenawayfromhometownfor10years.WW下一页上一页主菜单w 但在否定句中，短暂性动词可但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。以与时间段连用。如：如：I havent bought the bike I havent bought the bike for a year. for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。我买这辆自行车还不到一年。She hasnt come here for an She hasnt come here for an hour. hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。她来这儿还没有一个小时。上一页下一页主菜单用for 或since填空1.Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2.Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3. My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4. My friends havent visited me _ my birthday. 5. We havent used our car _ a long time . 6. She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7. Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. forsinceforsinceforforsince用for或since完成下列句子。1. Jill is in Ireland now. She arrived there three days ago. She has been there for three days.2.Jack is here. He arrived here on Tuesday.He has _3. I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago. Ive _.4.I have a camera. I bought it in 1989. _.5.Dave plays the piano. He started when he was seven years old._.been here since Tuesday.known Sue since two years ago./for two years. I have had the camera since 1989. Dave has played the piano since he was seven years old .选用选用 for和和 since填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. Its five years _ we met last time.forsinceforsinceforsince改改 错错1. How long have you begun to study English?2. I have borrowed this book for two weeks.3. The river has become very dirty since last August.4. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on business.5. He has gone out for two years.studiedkeptbeengonebeen动动 词词 填填 空：空： 1._you_(clean)theroom?Yes,we_(do)thatalready.When_you_(do)it?We_(do)itanhourago.2._he_(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_he_(see)it?He_itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_you_(be)there?Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last year.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgavehas given、翻译下列句子：、翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的语文书。我刚刚丢了我的语文书。3.我以前从来没去过那个公园。我以前从来没去过那个公园。4.他已经吃过午饭了。他已经吃过午饭了。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。我哥哥还没回来。7.我上星期看过这部电影。我上星期看过这部电影。8.自从自从1992年他住在这里。年他住在这里。9.这本字典我已买了三年了。这本字典我已买了三年了。10.他离开中国三年了他离开中国三年了1.HaveyoueattenfishandFrenchfries?2.IhavejustlostmyChinesebook.3Ihaveneverbeentothatparkbefore.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch.5Haveyouseenthismovieyet?6Mybrotherhasnotreturned.7Isawthismovielastweek.8Hehaslivedheresince1992.9Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears.10HehasbeenawayChinaforthreeyears.3.转换成转换成be 加形容词或副词加形容词或副词diefinishBe overbeginBe onleaveBe awayFall asleepBe asleepcloseBe closedBe deadopenBe open4.转换成转换成be加介词短语加介词短语Go to schoolBe in schoolJion the armyBe in the army瞬间动词转换延续性动词瞬间动词转换延续性动词1.直接转换延续性动词直接转换延续性动词buyhaveCatch(get ) a coldHave a cold borrowkeepCome/go/becomebe2.转换成转换成be 加名词加名词Jion the armyBe a soldierJion the PartyBe a Party memberGo to school Be a student