欢迎来到英语课堂欢迎来到英语课堂瞿塘峡西起奉节县白帝山，东迄巫山县大溪镇，长八公里，是三峡中最短的一个，峡以“雄”著称。西端入口处，两岸断崖壁立，高数百丈，宽不及百米，形同门户，名“夔门”，素有“夔门天下雄”之称；左边的名为赤甲山，右边的名为白盐山，不管天气如何，总是迂出一层层或明或暗的银辉。长江辟此一门，浩荡东泻，两岸悬崖峭壁如同刀削斧砍，山高峡窄，仰视碧空，云天一线，峡中水深流急，江面最窄处不足五十公尺，波涛汹涌，奔腾呼啸，令人惊心动魄。瞿塘峡虽短，却能“镇全川之水，扼巴鄂咽喉”，古人形容瞿塘峡“案与天关接，舟从地窟行”，沿江可见古栈道遗址、风箱峡古代悬棺、分壁墙、凤凰饮泉、倒吊和尚等奇观，其中分壁墙上布满了历代碑刻，十分可观。巫峡以“秀”著称，是三峡最精彩之段，位于重庆巫山和湖北巴东两县境内，西起巫山县城东面的大宁河口，东迄巴东县官渡口，绵延四十余公里。巫峡沿岸青山连绵，奇峰突兀，怪石嶙峋，群峰如屏，江河曲折，幽深秀丽。金盔银甲峡和铁棺峡的峡谷幽深曲折，由长江横切巫山主脉背斜而成。巫山十二峰，高出江面千米。千姿百态，群峰竞秀，云雾缭绕，姿态万千。北岸六峰依次为登龙、圣泉、朝云、望霞、松峦、集仙；南岸六峰依次为飞凤、翠屏、聚鹤、净坛、起云、上升。但仅飞凤、翠屏、聚鹤三峰能在江中见到的。其中望霞峰（又称神女峰），最为俏丽。（如欲游览，须从飞凤峰附近的青石溪溯流而上，到兰厂登岸，才可领略三岸的雄姿。）区内有不少古址，如巨剪插天的孔明碑又名剪刀峰，峰下有白色岩壁，上刻“重崖叠嶂巫峡”大字，相传为诸葛亮所书，此外还有一些题刻，饱受风雨侵蚀，字迹模糊。出瞿塘峡就进入25公里长的大宁河宽谷，大宁河发源于大巴山区，是三峡地区的一条大支流，大宁河风光幽静秀丽以峰秀、景幽、滩险、石美为特色，人称“小三峡”。大宁河小三峡是龙门峡、铁棺峡和滴翠峡的同称，龙门峡是“小三峡”的第一个峡谷，长约3公里，峡谷犹如瞿塘峡的“夔门”，故有“小夔门”之称。峡谷内两岸峰峦耸立，绝壁摩天，河东岩壁上有一清泉流入河中，人称“龙门泉”；河西绝壁上可见古栈道遗迹；出了龙门峡，滩险流急，这就是著名的险滩“银窝滩”；过滩即进入铁棺峡，峡长约长10公里，两岸怪石嶙峋，形成一组组天然雕塑，妙趣横生；沿岸可见龙进、虎出、马归山等景点，在河东岸离水面四五米高的绝壁石缝中还有一具黑色悬棺，据考乃战国时期巴人的悬棺，俗称“铁棺材”，峡名也由此而来；继续向前就是小三峡中最长、最迷人的滴翠峡，峡长约20公里，峡中钟乳石遍布，石石滴水，处处苍翠，游峡可以欣赏到“赤壁摩天”、“红屏翠莲”、“关门岩”等奇景。葛洲坝位于长江三峡的西陵峡出口南津关以下2300米处，大坝北抵江北镇镜仙，南接江南狮子包，雄伟高大，气势非凡。葛洲坝水利枢纽工程是一项综合利用长江水利资源的工程，建成于1988年，具有发电、航运、池洪、灌溉等综合效益。大坝的兴建，使水库水位增高20多米，向上游回水100多公里，形成一个蓄水巨大的人造湖，同时也有效地改善了三峡航道的险情，使货运量由400万吨左右猛增到5000万吨以上。为保证建坝后的顺利通航，大坝建有三座大型船闸，其中二号船闸是目前世界上少数巨型船闸之一。为防止泥沙淤积和在特大洪水时池洪，大坝还建造了两座冲沙闸及池洪闸。西陵峡西起姊归县香溪口，东止宜昌市南津关，全长约76公里，是三峡中最长的峡谷，以“险”著称。整个峡区由高山峡谷和险滩礁石组成，峡中有峡，大峡套小峡，滩中有滩，大滩含小滩。峡中险峰夹江壁立，峻岭悬崖横空，银瀑飞泻，水势湍急。自西向东依次是兵书宝剑峡、牛肝马肺峡、崆岭峡、灯影峡四个峡区，以及青滩、泄滩、崆岭滩、腰叉河等险滩。沿途有黄陵庙、三游洞、陆游泉等古迹.小小三峡小小三峡位于宁河滴翠峡支流马渡河畔，全长5公里，风景绮丽，水道狭窄，山势奇峻，峡谷幽深，山岩上钟乳石倒悬，千姿百态，原始古朴，置身其间，如入仙境。游览小小三峡时，因马渡河水浅流急滩多，机动船不能驶入。所以，上水游览时，游人都是乘坐无动力的柳叶形小木船，纤拉杆撑，擦着河底卵石迎着激浪前行的。乘橡皮艇漂流，是小小三峡新增的游览内容，马渡河水流汹涌湍急，但水很浅，乘小木船上水到三撑峡的终点，可以租乘进口高级橡皮艇，划桨驾艇，顺河飘流，有惊无险秭归是秭归是楚文化楚文化发源地之一，位于发源地之一，位于秭归的屈原纪念馆秭归的屈原纪念馆内珍内珍藏有新石器时代至清代的历史文物六百余件，是研究楚文化的重要藏有新石器时代至清代的历史文物六百余件，是研究楚文化的重要依据依据.Learning GoalsListening: choosing the right pictures while listeningFunction: talking about obligation, permission and prohibitionTask: Write some rules for travellers arriving in your townPre-listening Vocabulary1.Professional 2.cuisine 3.cabin4. compulsory5.traditional6.forbid7.non-smoking8.require9.go on shore10.take photos of adj.专业的专业的;职业的职业的u 烹调烹调(法法)c小木屋小木屋;(船的船的)船舱船舱;(飞机的飞机的)客舱客舱adj.强制性的强制性的;义务性的义务性的adj.传统的传统的vt.禁止禁止 forbidden adj.禁止的禁止的 doing/sb to do adj.禁烟的禁烟的 smoking lounge 吸烟室吸烟室vt.要求要求 be ed to do上岸上岸给给拍照拍照1.They have p_ English-speaking directors who can guide your travel.2.Spring festival is a t_ Chinese festival.3.Youre r_ to receive nine-year c_ education.4.Swimming from the boat is _(禁禁止的止的)5.The passengers arent allowed to _(拍照拍照)the dam.rofessionalraditionalequiredompulsoryforbiddentake photos ofListeningListen for the first time, and do Activity 1 and 2.Listen for the second time, part by part. Listen for detailed information. Fill in the following blanks. Whats the man/woman doing? Can you guess What will the conversation be about?Part 1: The boats are big mordern boats with professional English-speaking directors( )You cant choose your food.( )Part 2: The captain _ passengers use his cabin for the welcome party.You _ attend the lectures because they are not compulsory.TFletsdont have topart 3: You _ do Tai Chi and kite flying, and you can learn English.Swimming from the boat is _.Part4: You are not _ smoke anywhere except in your cabin or the smoking lounge.Part5: The passengers are _ take their passports with them.We are _ take photos of the dam.canforbiddenallowed torequired to allowed toAffirmingNegatingObligation(义务义务)You must / have toYou are required toIt is necessary toIts not necessary toYou dont have toYou arent required toPermission(允许允许)Youre allowed toYoucan/mayYou arent allowed toYoucant/shouldntProhibition(禁止禁止)Youcant/mustntYoure forbidden to.Its against the rules toFUCTIONobligation ,permission and prohibitionSpeaking-Look at more signs.You are allowed to cross the street. You are required to obey the traffic rules.Cars are not allowed to pass.Children are required to cross the street with their parents.civilized tourists 文明旅客Throw litterwhite plastic bagsclimb onto the antiques(文物文物) destroy MakenoisesdisturbothersWork in groups-Discussion and Write rules for the your travellers arriving in your town .What they can do What they cant doEnvironmental pollution is getting serious here. Some activities are dangerous. In order to keep you safety and protect the environment, please follow the rules below.Notice to Visitors1.Passengers cant hurt the animals, birds, useful insects or pick flowers.2.Travellers mustnt swim from the boat.3.Foreigners have to take their passports with them.4.You should keep the water clean.5.You shouldnt throw away the litter everywhere. You must throw it into trash can.6.You dont have to go with the guides but its safer. Thank you for your cooperation.Step 6 Task Writing 抱犊崮景区出台对游人的新规定：抱犊崮景区出台对游人的新规定：1. 禁止乱扔垃圾，应当扔进垃圾筒。不准禁止乱扔垃圾，应当扔进垃圾筒。不准随地吐痰。随地吐痰。2. 不得攀爬古树，要保护历史不得攀爬古树，要保护历史文物。文物。3.不得射杀鸟兽动物。不得射杀鸟兽动物。4.在规定场所在规定场所不得大声喧哗。不得大声喧哗。5. 外国友人须带护照和其外国友人须带护照和其他证件。他证件。HOMEWORK1. Review the vocabulary learned in this lesson.2. Write the rules for travellers in your exercisebook.3.Preview the next part.ByebyeByebye“Fortune never helps the man whose courage fails.”（运气永远不会帮助没有勇气人。）