Lesson 1Lesson 1Global Global WarmingWarming Appreciation of a film trailerWordspreviewconsensusbeyondclaimrelevantraybouncepinn.一致的意见一致的意见prep.超出超出vt.声称声称adj.有关的有关的n.光线光线vi.反弹反弹vt.固定固定agriculturecoincidencecondemndroughtfederalreservationsacrificeWordspreviewn.农业农业n.巧合巧合vt.宣判死刑宣判死刑,注定毁灭注定毁灭n.旱灾旱灾adj.联邦的联邦的n.保留保留,存疑存疑vt.,vi.牺牲牺牲,献出献出advocaterecyclesubstitutethreatenpancakehurricaneWordspreviewvt.主张主张,提倡提倡vt.回收利用回收利用n.代替品代替品,代用品代用品vt.威胁威胁n.薄煎饼薄煎饼n.飓风飓风Expressionspreviewbeyondonescontrollookaheadrefertointurnleadtotakeactionaheadof超出超出的控制，的控制，不受不受的控制的控制展望未来展望未来指指,意即意即依次依次引起引起,导致导致采取行动采取行动在在前面前面Lookatthepicturesandwhatdoyouknowaboutglobalwarming. The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, for example) trap energy from the sun. Without these gases, heat would escape back into space and Earths average temperature would be about 60F colder. Because of how they warm our world, these gases are referred to as greenhouse gases. The Greenhouse EffectThe Greenhouse Effect Without this greenhouse heating, the Earths average temperature would be only about -73 C (-100 F); even the oceans would be frozen under such conditions, such as the Moon and the Mars. MarsMoonWhat Are Greenhouse Gases? Some greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, while others result from human activities. Naturally occurring greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Certain human activities, however, add to the levels of most of these naturally occurring gases . Owing to the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide caused by modern industrial societies widespread combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), the greenhouse effect on Earth may be intensified and long-term climatic changes may result.Reading Before you start Which countries do you think contribute more to global warning? a) developed countries b) developing countries more industry and technologyWhateffectwillglobalwarminghaveontheseaandthelivingthingsinthesea?Whatwillhappenwithglobalwarming?WillglobalwarmingaffectthelifeofNorthPolarBear?Whatwillhappentopenguinsbecauseofglobalwarming? Read the text and answer these questions. 1) What is global warming? GlobalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseintheEarthstemperaturethat,inturn,leadstoclimatechange. 2) What human activities are causing global warming? Industry,agriculture,thecuttingdownofforests,theincreaseintransportandtheburningoffuelsarecausingglobalwarming. 3) By how much has the global average temperature increased in the last 100 years?By1F(OnedegreeFahrenheit) 4) Are greenhouse gases necessary for life on Earth?Yes,theyare.BecausetheytrapheatfromthesunintheEarthsatmosphere.OtherwisetheEarthwouldbecoldandunsuitableforlife. 5) How can we help solve the problem of global warming? Wecanmakesmallchangesliketakingpublictransport,recycling,usinglow-flowshowerheads,buyinglightbulbsthatuselessenergy,usingrecycledpaperandswitchingoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.6) What are the would-be consequences of global warming? Itwillcausemorefrequentflooding,heatwavesanddroughts.Andseriousdiseaseswillspreadandindustriesthatrelyonnaturesuchasfishingwillbebadlyaffected.Itwillcausethepolaricetomelt,raisingsealevels,andfloodingmanyislandsandcities.What will you do every day to help reduce greenhouse gases? In some cases, it only takes a little change in lifestyle and behavior to make some big changes in greenhouse gas reductions. For other types of actions, the changes are more significant. When that action is multiplied by the 1.3 billion people in China or the 6 billion people worldwide, the savings are significant.Takingpublictransportlikebusescanreducegreenhousegasemissions. Andtakingtraincanalsohelpareductionofgreenhousegas.TherecyclingsymbolBuy the recycled productsRecycledproductsRecycling the bottlesPaper recycling yourpapercouldbecomepartofaroadorrace-trackusinglow-flowshowerheadsbuyingenergy-efficientlightbulbsreplacewithLanguage points1.ScientistshavereportedthathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarthsclimate-something_seenas_.previouslybeyondourcontrolbeyond在那边在那边/超出超出的范围的范围Thisbookonliteratureisbeyondourreach.Thisbicycleisbeyondrepair.2.Theyclaimthatgasespumped into the Earths atmosphere by the factories and vehicleshavebeenspeeding uptheprocessofglobalwarmingandaffectingourclimate.Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart“pumpedvehicles”?Itisusedasattributive(定语定语).speedup反义反义:slowdownaffecthaveabadeffectonsth.3.Globalwarming_anaverageincreaseintheEarthstemperaturethat,inturn,_climatechange.referstoleadsto1)referto提到提到,谈到谈到Dontworry.Idontthinkthemanagerreferredtoyou.Promisemenottorefertothematteragain.2)leadto(1)通向通向Thisroadleadstothelibrary.(2)leadto=resultin=bringaboutThefightledtotheirdivorce.4.increaseby增加了增加了 increaseto增加到增加到Thetemperatureoftheroomisincreasedby12C,thatis,thetemperatureoftheroomisincreasedto29C.Cf:reduceby/reducetoriseby/riseto5.insist: (1) urgeinaforciblemanner 坚决主坚决主张张,坚决要求坚决要求e.g.HeinsistedI(should)gowiththem.=Heinsistedonmygoingwiththem.6.release: (1)allowtogo;setfree 释放释放Whencoalisburning,itwillreleasealotofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.(2) allow(news/films)tobeknownorpublished 发布发布,发行发行Thenewshasbeenreleased.7.quantity: (1) thepropertyofthingswhichcanbemeasured,e.g.size, weight,number.物质的属性物质的属性,量量e.g.Ipreferqualitytoquantity. (2)amount,sumornumber 数量数量e.g.Wevehadquantitiesofrainthissummer.今年夏天雨下得很多。今年夏天雨下得很多。Hebuysthingsinquantity/inlargequantities.他总是大宗采购东西。他总是大宗采购东西。8.pinsth.onsomebody把某事归罪于某人把某事归罪于某人汤姆是无辜的汤姆是无辜的,他们只是想把责任他们只是想把责任推给他。推给他。Tomisinnocent.Theyjusttriedtopintheblameonhim.9.addup加起来加起来totalup/addupto=totalupto加起来为加起来为Headdedupthenumbersandthenumbersaddedupto233.Hishonestyisbeyondquestion.他的忠诚是他的忠诚是毋庸置疑毋庸置疑的。的。食用过多的糖会食用过多的糖会引起引起健康问题。健康问题。Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.我们我们坚决要求坚决要求全额退款。全额退款。Weinsistedonarefundofthefullamount.Grammar1.HumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarthsclimate.toreportthat Ex6:Whatverbsareusedinthetexttoreportthesestatements?2.GasespumpedintotheEarthsatmospherehavebeenspeedinguptheprocessofglobalwarming.toclaimthat 3.Globalwarmingcouldbeoneofthebiggestenvironmentalproblemsfacingthe21stcentury. tobelievethat 4.Globalwarmingismostlyduetohumanactivities.toinsistthat 5.Globalwarmingwillcauseterribleclimatechangesincludingmorefrequentfloods,heatwaves,anddroughts.towarnthat Ex7:Lookatthesesentencesfromthetextandexplainwhytheunderlinedverbsarenotofthesametenseasthereportingverbs.1.Recentreportswarnedthatglobalwarmingwillcauseterribleclimatechanges.2.ScientistsfoundthatthetemperatureoftheEarthiscontrolledbygreenhousegases.Answers:1)becauseitisinthefuture2)becauseitisageneraltruthEx8.Matchthesentenceswithappropriatereportingverbsfromthelist.Thenwritethereportedsentences.admit/report/forbid/ask/invite/order/suggest/threaten1.Wellclosecreditlinesifyoudontreducetheamountofcarbondioxideyouproduce.2.OK,youreright,somepoisonouschemicalsdidescapeintotheatmosphere.3.Whydontyoudropintonightaheadofyourmeeting?4.Standupimmediately!5.Youcantusethedictionariesduringthetest.6.Shallwehavepancakeswithhoney?7.Isthebusservicerunningaccordingtothetimetabletoday?8.Thefirehasluckilycausednolossoflife.1.Theythreatenedtocloseourcreditlinesifwedontreducetheamountofcarbondioxideweproduce.2.Theyadmittedthatsomepoisonouschemicalshadescapedintotheatmosphere.The answers3.He/She/Theyinvitedmetodropintonightaheadofmymeeting.4.He/She/Theyorderedmetostandupimmediately.5.He/She/Theyforbadeustouseourdictionariesduringthetest.6.She/He/Theysuggestedhavingpancakeswithhoney.7.I/He/She/They/Weaskedifthebusservicerunningaccordingtothetimetabletoday.8.Hereportedthatthefirehadluckilycausednolossoflife.Ex 9. Use the following verbs to report the two dialogues.a) Tom advised John not to play the game today. John admitted that Tom was right because he was still a little bit ill. He promised not to work too hard. Tom warned John to be careful because if he ran around too much in this weather he might get another attack of the flu.The answersb) Sarah begged her mother to buy her the CD because she had always wanted it. Her mother refused and explained that she couldnt afford it. She complained that her daughter always asked her to buy her expensive things. The daughter denied this. She accused her mother of never buying her the things she wanted but only the things her mother liked. The answersEx 10.1 women live longer than men.2 our galaxy contains several thousand million stars.3 the 2016 Olympics will be organised in Africa.4 this room was too hot.5 the hurricane had killed 9 people.We dont change the tense in 1, 2 and 3.The answers他他抱怨抱怨他所受到的不公平待遇。他所受到的不公平待遇。我我提醒他们提醒他们树林里可能有蛇。树林里可能有蛇。 Hecomplainedthathehadbeenunfairlytreated.Iwarnedthemthattheremightbesnakesinthewoods.我们我们同意同意立即立即离开离开。Weagreedtoleaveatonce.Isuggestedgoingforawalk.我我建议建议去散步。去散步。Irefusetoanswerthatquestion.我我拒绝回答拒绝回答那个问题。那个问题。To learn more about the Global Warming Clickhere同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全