Lesson 44 Through the forest1沐风教资【New words and expressions】1. forest n.森林森林 2. risk n.危险，冒险危险，冒险3. picnic n.野餐野餐4. edge n .边缘边缘5. strap n.带，皮带带，皮带 6. possession n.所有所有7. breath n.呼吸呼吸8.mend v. 修理修理9. contents n.（常用复数）内有的物品（常用复数）内有的物品2沐风教资 risk n. 危险，风险危险，风险 take / run the risk of doing sth. 冒着冒着的危险的危险/风险风险The officers had run the risk of being fired.at the risk of sth. 冒着冒着的危险的危险John saved me at the risk of his own life. vt. 冒冒危险，使危险，使遭受危险遭受危险 risk doing sth, risk sthWed better take a taxi. We cant risk missing the plane. John risked his own life to save me. 3沐风教资picnicn.野餐野餐搭配：搭配：goforapicnic have a picnicedge n.边缘边缘;边；优势边；优势搭配：搭配：on/attheedgeof在在 边上；濒于，几乎边上；濒于，几乎翻译：翻译：Manywildanimalsareontheedgeofextinction(灭绝灭绝).4沐风教资possesion n.所有所有 possess v拥有拥有. 1)sb. be in possesion of 某人拥有某人拥有. sb. take possesion of 某人占某人占.（主语为（主语为人人）Eg. He is in possesion of this farm。2）in ones possession = in the possession of sb. “为某人所为某人所拥有拥有; 被某人被某人控制控制” （主语为（主语为物物）The house used to be in my possession, but now it is in the possession of an old lady. 5沐风教资breath br n. 呼吸呼吸1) 上气不接下气上气不接下气 out of breath2) 白费口舌白费口舌 waste ones breath3) 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸 hold ones breath4) 省省力气省省力气 save ones breathbreathe bri v.呼吸呼吸6沐风教资contents n.内容内容(具体用复数具体用复数/抽象用单数抽象用单数) contents of the bag 包里的书包里的书 content of the text 文章的主旨文章的主旨7沐风教资【课文讲解课文讲解】1、Mrs. Anne Sterling did not 1) think of the2) risk she was taking when she 3) ran through a forest after two men.1)think ofHave you ever thought of settling down in this town?2) run afterThe police are running after a thief.考虑，思考考虑，思考追赶；追随；追求追赶；追随；追求8沐风教资2、They had 1）rushed up to her while she was 2）having a picnic 3）at the edge of a forest with her children and 4）tried to steal her handbag.1）rush up to sb. 2）have a picnic3）at the edge of 4）try to do sth 努力做某事努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事尝试做某事 try ones best 尽某人最大努力尽某人最大努力迎面冲向某人迎面冲向某人举行野餐举行野餐在在的边上的边上9沐风教资3. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees. in ones possession = in the possession of sb. “为某人所拥有为某人所拥有; 被某人控制被某人控制” （主（主语为物语为物）start doing sth. 开始做某事开始做某事 10沐风教资4. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. 这句使用了这句使用了sothat结构，与结构，与suchthat相比：相比：so后面是跟后面是跟形容形容词词和和副词副词；而；而such后面是跟后面是跟名词名词。 suchthat与与sothat都可以都可以用来引导用来引导结果状语从句结果状语从句，意为，意为“如如此此以致以致”。11沐风教资suchthat的句型结构可的句型结构可分为以下三种：分为以下三种：such+a（n）（）（+adj.）+单数可数名词单数可数名词+that从句。如：从句。如：She is such a good teacher that all of us love her. such（+adj.）+复数可数名词复数可数名词+that从从句。如：句。如：They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more. such（adj.）+不可数名词不可数名词+that从句。从句。如：如： It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.12沐风教资（2 2）soso是是副词副词，与，与形容词形容词或或副词副词连用，其结构是：连用，其结构是：so+adj.（adv.）+that从句。从句。如：如：He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with him. I am so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open. 13沐风教资注意：注意：当当名词名词前面有前面有many，much，few，little等表示数量多少的等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用限定词时，应该用so，而不能用，而不能用such。如：如：只有如此少的观众，以至于王心凌王心凌都不想来了。There were so few audience that Wang Xinling didnt want to come. 当当单数名词前有形容词时单数名词前有形容词时，既可用，既可用so，也可用，也可用such，但，但不定冠词的位置却有不定冠词的位置却有所不同所不同。如：。如：这是一次很重要的会议，你一定要参加。This is such an important meeting that you should attend it.=This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.14沐风教资5、She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run.out of breath 上气不接下气上气不接下气 Tom ran to the shop to get some salt for his mother. When he reached there, he was quite out of breath.continued to do sth. 不同事不同事continue doing sth. 同件事同件事15沐风教资1）catch up with sb.追追上上,赶赶上上(强调强调结果结果)2）go through搜查，翻看搜查，翻看(速度较快的看速度较快的看) She went through her bag, but she couldnt find her key.3） run straight at 向向直冲过去直冲过去 rush up to sb. 迎面冲向某人迎面冲向某人6. When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them.16沐风教资7. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away. 这两个人吓了一跳，扔下提包逃跑了。这两个人吓了一跳，扔下提包逃跑了。 suchthat结构，前面已经讲过结构，前面已经讲过17沐风教资need/want/require doing sth. 需要需要被做被做，后面接的动名词有被动的含义。后面接的动名词有被动的含义。相当于相当于need to be done 比如：The car needs washing.mend是表示是表示“修修补补，小修小补修修补补，小修小补”，常用于修补打破、撕破的东西或衣，常用于修补打破、撕破的东西或衣物等。物等。repair也是表示也是表示“修理修理”，不过，不过repair是是指修理好损坏的、用旧的东西，或是出指修理好损坏的、用旧的东西，或是出故障的机器。同故障的机器。同fix。比如：比如：Our piano is being repaired. Ill mend the shirt. 总之，repair比mend正式。 8、The strap needs mending, said Mrs. Sterling later, but they did not steal anything.18沐风教资想起，想到想起，想到冒冒风险风险追赶追赶举行野餐举行野餐在在的边缘的边缘为为所有所有上气不接下气上气不接下气think oftake the risk ofrun afterhave a picnicat the edge ofin ones possessionout of breath19沐风教资赶上，追上赶上，追上翻看，搜查翻看，搜查包里的东西包里的东西向向直冲过去直冲过去逃走逃走需要被做需要被做如此如此. .以致以致catch up withgo throughthe contents of the bagrun straight atrun awayneed doingsuchso that20沐风教资【Key structures】（Oct.3）动名词动名词1 1、动名词可以做主语、宾语、动名词可以做主语、宾语、介词宾语等（见介词宾语等（见a a）Washing the car made me tired.（主语主语）Prices will continue to rising.（宾宾语语）I am very keen on cycling.（介宾介宾）21沐风教资2 2、动名词还可以用于、动名词还可以用于“动词动词+ +介词介词”之后（见之后（见b b）toto后跟动名词的有（此时后跟动名词的有（此时toto为介为介词）词）look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事期盼做某事I am looking forward to seeing him tomorrow. be accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做习惯于做某事某事I am accustomed to getting up early. 我习惯早起我习惯早起. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事习惯做某事I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起我习惯早起.22沐风教资prefer doing to doing与与 相比更喜欢相比更喜欢做做 I prefer walking to driving.devote to doing sth. 奉献给某事奉献给某事devote oneself to doing sth. (全身心投全身心投入做某事入做某事)My mother devotes herself to doing housework.object to doing sth. 反对做某事反对做某事I object to eating out. 我反对在外面吃饭我反对在外面吃饭.pay attention to doing sth.23沐风教资其他介词其他介词本文练习中出现的还有本文练习中出现的还有get/be tired of doing sth. 对对厌烦厌烦, 作为系动词作为系动词get可与可与be 替换替换believe in 信任信任,信仰信仰believe in + sb. 表示信任某人表示信任某人,信仰某人信仰某人believe in + doing sth. 信仰信仰.I belive in taking it easy. （take it easy 轻松轻松,放松放松,慢慢来）慢慢来）accuse sb. of doing sth. 因某事控告某人因某事控告某人（accuse vt. 控告；指控）控告；指控）The police accused him of stealing. 警方控告他犯有盗警方控告他犯有盗窃罪窃罪. be afraid of be good at do well in等等24沐风教资3 3、在、在startstart，beginbegin，continuecontinue等后等后面，面，既可以用不定式又可以用动名既可以用不定式又可以用动名词，区别不大词，区别不大：见：见C CI began to learn/learning English two years ago.25沐风教资一般来说，一般来说，begin to do和和begin doing可以互换，可以互换，但在以下三种情况下，用但在以下三种情况下，用to do： 1. 主语不是指人，而是主语不是指人，而是it等。等。如：如：It began to rain. 2. begin后接表示心理活动的词。后接表示心理活动的词。如：如：begin to know ，believe， wonder， think等。等。 3. begin本身是本身是ing形式，为避免重复后接形式，为避免重复后接to do 。即，即，beginning to do 26沐风教资doing 一般有正在做的意思一般有正在做的意思 to do一般有正准备做的意思一般有正准备做的意思 .to do sth 意思是指意思是指“开始开始去做去做某事某事”，有，有“潜在潜在的可能的可能”；.doing sth 意思是指意思是指“开始做某事开始做某事”，有，有“实实际进行际进行”的意思。的意思。当涉及到当涉及到多次活动多次活动时使用时使用. doing更为恰当。更为恰当。27沐风教资4、在、在hate、love，like，prefer等动词后，用不等动词后，用不定式和动名词意义有所区别。见定式和动名词意义有所区别。见dhate,love,like+doing sth. 表示一种习惯表示一种习惯(always)hate,love,like+to do sth. 表示某一次性的行为表示某一次性的行为(now)would love /like to do sth. 表示想要表示想要类似的词还有类似的词还有 remember to do doing 没做没做/做了做了 forget to do doing 没做没做/做了做了 regret to do doing 没做没做/做了做了 stop to do doing try to do doing mean to do doing 打算干打算干/意味着意味着28沐风教资5、在、在need，want之后，动名词形式具有之后，动名词形式具有被动的含义，相当于被动的不定式：见被动的含义，相当于被动的不定式：见e如果以物体做主语，可以直接加动词如果以物体做主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动的含义表达被动的含义My shirt is torn. It needs mending. 我我的衬衫撕破了的衬衫撕破了, 需要缝补需要缝补. Those windows are dirty. They want washing. 那些窗户很脏那些窗户很脏, 需要洗刷需要洗刷 Finish ExerciseB on Page 20029沐风教资【Special Difficulties】 catch and runcatch主要意思是主要意思是“抓住、捉住、逮住抓住、捉住、逮住”，但有时，但有时可以表示可以表示“（及时）赶上、追上（及时）赶上、追上”等：等： He ran quickly to catch the last bus home. When she caught up with them, she saw that they were going through the contents of the bag.run的本意是的本意是“跑跑”，后面加上不同的词可以表达，后面加上不同的词可以表达“追赶，逃跑追赶，逃跑”等多种含义：等多种含义： She has run off with all his money. The man ran away with her bag.30沐风教资