Module1 Unit1 School life(1)1、experience n. & vt. 经历， 经验；体验，有经验by/from experience通过经验 have much/a lot of/a little/no experience有许多/有一点儿/没有经验have experience in有方面的经验have experience of (doing) sth. 有(做)某事的经验Experience comes from practice. 经验来源于实践。Have you had any experience in work of this sort? 你对这工作有经验吗？Only women with experience of office work can apply for the position. 只有具有办公室工作经验的女士才能申请这个岗位。Please tell us your experiences of living abroad for so many years. 请向我们介绍一下你在国外生活多年的经历。Have you experienced real hunger? 你体验过真正饥饿的滋味吗？experienced adj. 有经验的， 熟练的inexperienced adj. 无经验的 He is an experienced driver. 他是位熟练的驾驶员。He is experienced in looking after children. 他有照料孩子的经验。He is an English teacher with 20 _. A. years experience B. years experiences C. years experiences D. years experience Dexperience当“经验”解时为不可数名词；而当“经历”讲时为可数名词。Bwhat引导的感叹句的句型为：what a(an)adj.n.(可数名词)。What _ our journey was! A. exciting experience B. an exciting experience C. excited experience D. an excited experienceCexperienced 有经验的。be said to have done sth. 据说做过某事。The thoroughly _ teacher, who has just retired from teaching, is said to _ a lot of hardships during those unforgettable ten years. A. experiencing; experience B. experienced; experience C. experienced; have experienced D. experiencing; experiencingThe car accident was (一次可怕的经历) to him.a terrible experience2、earn vt. 赚，挣得；获得The young man earns 10,000 dollars a year. 那个年轻人一年赚10,000美元。His honesty earned him great respect. 他因诚实而获得人们的尊敬。His bad manners earned him a blame. 他因为没有礼貌而受到责备。Bwin后面跟比赛的项目或战争；beat后面往往跟人或参赛队；earn后跟报酬等；gain指获得有用的或期望得到的东西，不用于与金钱有关的东西上。句意为：他没有打败我们，但他得到了很多东西。He didnt _ us but _ a lot. A. win; beat B. beat; gained C. win; gained D. earn; wonDmake/earn ones living都表示“谋生”。When he was still a boy of eight，he began to _ his living by himself. A. earn B. gain C. make D. A and CA句意：尽管他是商人，他的主要目标不仅仅是为了获得利润。Businessman as he is, his main goal is not only to _ a profit(利润) A. earn B. challenge C. introduce D. develop3、respectn. 尊敬，尊重；(pl.)敬意We should show respect for those who are older. 我们应尊敬长者。The students have great respect for their history teacher. 学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。Give my respects to your wife. 请代我向你太太问好。3、respectvt. 问候；考虑，重视I respect his courage. 我敬佩他的勇气。Ill respect your wishes. 我会尊重你的意愿。respectable adj. 可敬的；值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬人的；尊重人的 be respectful to sb. 尊敬某人 have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人give/send ones respects to sb. 向某人问候A本题考查respect作及物动词的用法。Children should _ their teachers. A. respect B. respectful C. respectable D. respect forBselfrespecting为形容词，“自尊的，自重的”；selfrespect为名词，“自尊，自重”，根据题干知缺少主语。_ means respecting oneself. A. Selfrespected B. Selfrespect C. Selfrespecting D. SelfrespectsDshow respect for sb. 尊重某人。The leader was very angry because no respect was shown _ him when he entered the room. A. at B. of C. with D. for 4、achieve vt. 取得(成功等)，实现(目标等)He went back to London without having achieved any success. 他没有取得成功就回了伦敦。He hoped to achieve his goal by peaceful means. 他希望用和平方式实现自己的目标。Ive achieved only half of what I hoped to do. 我只实现了自己一半的目标。achievement n. C成就；U达到，实现，成功 achievable adj. 可完成的，可达到的Mr. Green finally _ success. A. completed B. achieved C. got D. wonBD本题考查词义辨析。achieve the goals 实现目标； acquire 取得，获得； conclude 结束，下结论，决定。Lucy has _ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A. acquired B. finished C. concluded D. achieved 5、average adj. 平均的 n. 平均，平均数；一般水平The average age of the students is 19. 这些学生的平均年龄是19岁。The average temperature in Oxford last month was 18. 牛津上月的平均气温是18。The average of 4, 5 and 9 is 6. 4、5、9的平均数是6。Toms work at school is above average. 汤姆在校的功课为一般水平以上。An average of 4 persons were killed in the traffic accidents each day last year. 去年平均每天有4人在车祸中死亡。 On average she received 5 letters a day. 她平均一天收到5封信。above/below average平均水平以上/下an average of平均有 on (the/an) average平均起来 Con (the/an) average平均来说。_， there are 200 visitors to the exhibition every day. A. In average B. At average C. On average D. For averageD根据句意可知为“平均花销”。The _ cost of each student in our school is 100 yuan per month. A. common B. ordinary C. regular D. averageThese marks are well . 这些分数远在平均分之上。above average6、challenging adj. 具有挑战性的，激励的It is a challenging job for me. 它对于我来说是一项激励人的工作。He is a person who likes the challenging task. 他是一个喜欢有挑战的任务的人。She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求这家报纸证实报道的真实性。The boss challenged us to finish the work as soon as possible. 老板要求我们尽快完成工作。challenge vt. 挑战，激励 challenge sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 Dchallenging意为“富有挑战性的”。challenge作动词为及物动词。Facing the _ skiing, he _ me. A. challenging; challenge B. challenged; challenged to C. challenged; challenged D. challenging; challengedC本题考查形容词意义的区别。题意：我不在乎公司所提供的高薪。我需要的是一份有挑战性的工作。I dont care about the good salary offered by the company. What I need is a(n)_ position. A. creating B. awarding C. challenging D. competing7、spend vt. & vi. (spends, spent, spent) 花费sb. spend time / money on sth. / (in) doing sth.某人在(做)某事上花时间/钱 He spent more than one year (in) writing a short play. 他花了一年多时间写了一个短剧。He has spent one hundred yuan on the useless magazines. 他在这些无用的杂志上花了100元。cost指花费时间、金钱，付出代价，主语为物，或it为形式主语。结构：It / Sth. costs (sb.) money / time (to do sth.) take指花费时间，主语多为物，或用it作形式主语。常见结构：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 另外，take和cost有时可通用。pay指某人花多少钱购买某物。常见结构：sb. pays money for sth.出钱请某人做某事，其结构为pay sb. to do sth.。spend指花费时间或钱，须以人作主语，不接to do。It _ the trousers. 买这条裤子花了我20美元。cost me 20 dollars to buyIt _ the washing machine. 修理那台洗衣机花了3个小时。took three hours to fixI _ the new bicycle.我花了300元买了那辆新自行车。paid 300 yuan for8、prepare vt. & vi. 准备，把准备好；使做好准备prepare for 为做准备，for的宾语不是这一动作的直接承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。prepare to do sth. 准备做某事be prepared to do sth. (for sth.) 已做好准备做某事prepare sb. for sth. ( prepare sb. to do sth.) 让某人为某事做准备Mother was preparing supper when someone knocked at the door.(宾语必须是这一动作的直接承受者) 妈妈正在准备晚饭，这时突然有人敲门。Will you please help me prepare for/get everything ready for the party? 你能不能帮我为聚会做准备？They are busy preparing to go on vacation. 他们正忙着准备去度假。We must be prepared for failure again. 我们必须做好再次失败的准备。 preparation n. 准备，预备make preparations for 为做准备in preparation 在准备中in preparation for 做的准备，为做准备prepared adj. 有准备的，准备好的be well prepared forbe well prepared to do为做好充分的准备，强调准备好这一状态be ready for be (well) prepared for 为做好准备be ready to do be (well) prepared to do 准备好做某事get (sb. / sth.) ready for (使某人)做好准备； 为准备好(某事物)C由语境可知男生们已经做好准备迎接考试，所以应用be prepared for sth.；而女生仍旧在忙着准备应付考试，所以应用be preparing for sth.。The boys look very relaxed. It seems that they are already _ the test while the girls are still busy _ it. A. preparing for; prepared for B. preparing; prepared C. prepared for; preparing for D. prepared; preparingB本题考查时态。问句问噪音是哪来的， 回答时很自然就会回答发生某事。只有正在准备(are preparing)才会发出噪音，一般现在时不能表示正在进行。 Whats that terrible noise? The neighbors _ for a party. A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepareThe students the sports meeting.学生们为运动会做好了充分的准备。are well prepared forThe teacher _ the coming exams. 老师让学生们为即将到来的考试做好准备。prepared the students for9、devote vt. 献身于，致力于，专心于； 把献(给)，献(身)devote oneself to 致力于；献身于He wanted to devote himself to abstract research. 他希望献身于抽象的理论研究。After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. 他退休后将把精力花在园艺上。She is devoted to her husband. 她挚爱她的丈夫。 devoted adj. 深爱的，忠诚的a devoted mother 慈母devotion n关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚 常见带介词to的类似结构词组有：be/get/become used to 习惯于 be related to和有联系be addicted to沉溺于；对上瘾be adapted to适应 be connected to和连在一起 be exposed to 暴露于/遭受/接触Her _ her career left her with little time to take care of her family. 她全身心投入工作，几乎没有时间来照顾家人。devotion to the children in the countryside, he gave up many chances to go back to city. 奉献在教育农村孩子的身上， 他放弃了许多回城的机会。Devoted to teaching10、 struggle vi. 斗争，搏斗； 努力，奋斗； 尽力；挣扎He failed to struggle against temptation. 他没能经住诱惑。This is the cause for which we have been struggling. 这就是我们一直为之奋斗的事业。struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来 struggle ones way 奋力向前进；向挤过去He struggled his way to make a hit in his novel. 为了使令他的小说一炮走红，他奋力写作。Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A. struggling B. struggledC. having struggled D. to struggleC分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由句中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。 11、encouragement n. 鼓舞，鼓励 Mothers encouragement drove him on to write better poems. 母亲的鼓励使他鼓足勇气写出更好的诗歌。 encourage/urge sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事Mom often encourages me to work hard. 妈妈常常鼓励我努力学习。谢谢你的鼓励。_Thank you for your encouragement. C过去分词作状语，表原因。_ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged12、satisfaction n. 满意，满足 I have always one foremost satisfaction in reading your books. 读你的作品总是给我一种最高的满足。satisfy vt. 令人满意satisfied adj. 满意的satisfying adj. 令人满意的satisfactory adj. 令人满意的to ones satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb. 使某人 满意的是be satisfied with 对满意satisfy ones demand 满足某人的需要They have 31 flavours of icecream enough to satisfy everyone! 他们有31种味道的冰激凌，足以满足每个人的口味。It is impossible to satisfy all demands. 要满足一切要求是不可能的。Dbe content with对满足，相当于be satisfied withWe sat there, _ with what we listened to. A. satisfying B. to satisfy C. pleasing D. contentsatisfyThis has been done well enough to _ the market. 这方面已经做得足够满足市场(需求)了。satisfiesNick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _ his boss. 尼克在找另一份工作，因为他觉得他做的事都不能令他老板满意。satisfactoryThe result is far from _. 结果远不令人满意。同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全