LESSON 31: PEACE AT LASTWARMING UP Have you ever misunderstood your friend? What should you do if youre misunderstood by your friends?DISCUSSION Tell others your story about the fight with your friends. How did it happen? Whats the end?NEW WORDSat last 最终最终pity n. 遗憾遗憾angry adj. 生气生气decision n. 决定决定fair adj. 公平的公平的conversation n. 谈话谈话regret v. 后悔；遗憾后悔；遗憾LISTENING TASK: LISTEN TO THE TAPE AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:1. Who has trouble with the basketball game, Li Ming or Danny? Li Ming2. Did Li Ming go to the basketball game at last? No, he didnt. 3. What is Danny going to deal with the money problem? He is going to give Brian ten dollars.READING TASK: READ THE TEXT AND DECIDE THE STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR FALSE.1.Li Ming has been invited to a party on Friday evening.2.Li Mings friend was angry because Li Ming missed the game.3.Brian wrote a letter to Danny and told him he didnt want the ten dollars any more.Keys:1.F 2.T 3.FLANGUAGE NOTESThen, on Thursday, we heard some news. 然后，在星期四，我们听说了一些消息。然后，在星期四，我们听说了一些消息。hear, “听见，听说听见，听说” hear, 感官动词，后接动词时用动词原形或感官动词，后接动词时用动词原形或v-ing。接动词原形时表示听。接动词原形时表示听见动作的全过程；接见动作的全过程；接v-ing表示听见动作在进行。表示听见动作在进行。When I walk across my neighbourhood, I hear a boy crying. 当我走过街区时，我听见一个男孩在哭。当我走过街区时，我听见一个男孩在哭。I often heard a girl play piano when I lived in my hometown. 当我住在家乡时，我经常听见一个女孩当我住在家乡时，我经常听见一个女孩弹钢琴。弹钢琴。hear of, hear about, 还有当还有当hear后接从句时，表示后接从句时，表示“听说听说”。I hear that he has been a professor now. 我听说他现在是一名教授了。我听说他现在是一名教授了。The time of the game had been changed. 游戏的时间被改变了。游戏的时间被改变了。Had been changed是过去完成时的被动语态。被动语时态的是过去完成时的被动语态。被动语时态的基本构成是基本构成是:be +v-过去分词。过去分词。The rice is grown in the south of China. 水稻生长在中国南部。水稻生长在中国南部。 I have been invited to a party on Saturday afternoon. 星星期六下午我被邀请参加一个晚会。期六下午我被邀请参加一个晚会。 have been invited现在完成时的被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态。 The housework has been done by me, so my mother is very happy. 我已经做了家务，所以妈妈非常高兴。我已经做了家务，所以妈妈非常高兴。 I had already said that I would come to the party. 我已经我已经说了我要参加晚会。说了我要参加晚会。 that I would come to the party是是I had already said的宾语的宾语从句从句. 主句是过去时，从句也用相应的过去时。主句是过去时，从句也用相应的过去时。 His mother said she would buy him a pen if he passed the math exam. 他妈妈说她会给她买支钢笔如果他通过数学他妈妈说她会给她买支钢笔如果他通过数学考试。考试。 If I knew the game would be on Saturday, I would have said no to the party invitation. 如果我知道比赛将会在星如果我知道比赛将会在星期六，我就不会接受晚会邀请了。期六，我就不会接受晚会邀请了。 If I knew the game would be on Saturday作条件状语从句，作条件状语从句，主句是过去时，从句也用了相应的过去时，遵循主从一主句是过去时，从句也用了相应的过去时，遵循主从一致的原则。致的原则。He said that the money I found was his. 他说我发现的钱是他的。他说我发现的钱是他的。 这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。主句是这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。主句是He said，宾语从句是，宾语从句是the money that I found was his。之间用从属连词。之间用从属连词that连接（常省略）。连接（常省略）。含有宾语从句的主从复合句用注意如下几点：含有宾语从句的主从复合句用注意如下几点： 逐句和宾语从句之间常用从属连词逐句和宾语从句之间常用从属连词that（常省（常省 略）、连接代词略）、连接代词who, whose, whom, what, which和连接副词和连接副词how, when, where和和why来连接。来连接。主句和从句的人称和时态相一致。主句和从句的人称和时态相一致。I know where she lives. 我知道她住在哪里。我知道她住在哪里。Do you know when we will set off? 你知道我们你知道我们将来什么时候出发吗？将来什么时候出发吗？【注意注意】：宾语从句的主语宾语从句的主语the money I found有含有一个有含有一个定语从句，关系代词定语从句，关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语，在定语从句中作宾语，被省略了，来修饰现行词被省略了，来修饰现行词money。如：。如：He is the boy who/that I saw just now.他就是我他就是我刚才看见的那个男孩。刚才看见的那个男孩。It sounded like a train which/that was going.它它听起来就像是行驶的一列火车。听起来就像是行驶的一列火车。Soon, we were both shouting at each other. 很快，我很快，我们喊了起来。们喊了起来。1)soon不久，很快不久，很快Ill be back soon. 我很快就会回来。我很快就会回来。as soon as一一就就Ill return you the book as soon as I have read it. 我我一读完这本书就把书还给你。一读完这本书就把书还给你。as soon as possible尽快尽快Please come back as soon as possible. 请尽快回来。请尽快回来。2)shout at sb.对某人叫嚷对某人叫嚷I can hear you. Dont shout at me. 我听得见你说话。我听得见你说话。不要朝着我大声嚷嚷。不要朝着我大声嚷嚷。 Brian said he wouldnt be my friend again until I gave him his money. 布莱恩说直到我还他钱他才肯布莱恩说直到我还他钱他才肯做我的朋友。做我的朋友。notuntil直到直到才才，在，在以前还没有以前还没有I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework. 我做完了功课才睡觉。我做完了功课才睡觉。Dont get off until the bus stops. 车还没停，不要下车。车还没停，不要下车。I didnt leave my office until ten oclock last night. 昨晚直到昨晚直到10点钟我才离开我的办公室。点钟我才离开我的办公室。 She told us that we shouldnt fight over ten dollars. 他告诉他告诉我们不应该为了十美元而争吵。我们不应该为了十美元而争吵。 over关于，对于（同）关于，对于（同） Lets talk over the matter. 咱们商量一下那件事吧。咱们商量一下那件事吧。 We quarreled over the colour. 我们因为颜色而争吵了起来。我们因为颜色而争吵了起来。【注意注意】： over意为意为“在在上方，在上方，在之上，跃过，之上，跃过，遍及遍及”。如：。如： Please hang the picture over the fireplace. 请把那幅画挂在壁炉的上方。请把那幅画挂在壁炉的上方。 The tiger jumped over the river. 老虎跳过河去。老虎跳过河去。 She is famous all over the world. 她全世界闻名。她全世界闻名。So I did. 的确是这样。（我们确实不应该为的确是这样。（我们确实不应该为10美元而争吵。）美元而争吵。）“so+主语主语+系动词系动词/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词”，是由，是由so引导的重复引导的重复前面一句话的意思或表示赞同前面所说的事情的说法。如：前面一句话的意思或表示赞同前面所说的事情的说法。如：-He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。他曾去过北京。-So he has. 的确如此。的确如此。【注意注意】：“so+主语主语+系动词系动词/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词”是一种是一种倒装结构，他表示主与所做的动作与上一句倒装结构，他表示主与所做的动作与上一句相同，意为相同，意为“也是这样也是这样”。He has finished his homework. So has his sister. 他已完成了作业。他妹妹也是。他已完成了作业。他妹妹也是。My friend bought a computer. So did I. 我朋我朋友买了台电脑。我也买了一台。友买了台电脑。我也买了一台。 Im going to babysit my cousin Debbie next week, and I will give Brian the money I earn. 下周我要去照看我的表下周我要去照看我的表妹戴比，然后我要把我挣到的钱给布莱恩。妹戴比，然后我要把我挣到的钱给布莱恩。earn赚得，挣得赚得，挣得She earns 20 dollars a week. 她一周赚她一周赚20美元。美元。How much did he earn? 他挣了多少钱？他挣了多少钱？ I shouldnt keep others money. 我不应该拿别人的钱。我不应该拿别人的钱。 keep (kept, kept)保留，保存；保持；保守；赡养，饲养；保留，保存；保持；保守；赡养，饲养；记（日记）记（日记） We must keep our classroom clean. 我们必须保持教室整我们必须保持教室整洁。洁。You kept your word. 你遵守了你的诺言。你遵守了你的诺言。P.S. Brain just called me on the phone. P.S. = PS. = p.s. = postscript l (信末签名后的信末签名后的)又及又及、附言附言、再者再者l (书籍等的书籍等的)附录附录l (英英) (新闻广播后的新闻广播后的)结束语结束语 call sb. on the phone “给给打电话打电话” telephone/phone sb. call sb. (up) ring sb. up give sb. a call make a telephone call to sb. Have you or anyone in your family experienced war before? 你或者你的家人以前经历过战争吗？你或者你的家人以前经历过战争吗？experience经历，经验，体验经历，经验，体验 The child had never experienced kindness. 这孩子从未这孩子从未受过善待。受过善待。 He experienced many things on the trip. 他在旅途中经他在旅途中经历了许多事。历了许多事。 另外，另外，experience作作“经验经验”讲时，是不可数名词，作讲时，是不可数名词，作“经历，体会经历，体会”讲时，是可数名词。讲时，是可数名词。 Tom is a farmer with experience, who has many interesting experiences. 汤姆是一个有经验的农民，汤姆是一个有经验的农民，他有许多有趣的经历。他有许多有趣的经历。What is war like? 战争是什么样子？战争是什么样子？What belike? 怎么样？怎么样？如何？如何？Whats the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样北京的天气怎么样？Whats your friend Li Ming like? 你的朋友李明是一你的朋友李明是一个怎样的人？（可指外貌或品行等）个怎样的人？（可指外貌或品行等）How be? 也可表示此含义。试比较：也可表示此含义。试比较：Hows the weather in Beijing? 北京的天气如何？北京的天气如何？Hows your friend Li Ming? 你的朋友李明怎样？（指你的朋友李明怎样？（指身体健康状况）身体健康状况）LETS DO IT Write a diary entry, an email or a letter about the topic below: Have you or anyone in your family experienced war before? What is the war like?