.词汇：词汇：根据提示写出相应单词。根据提示写出相应单词。1_(vi.)不不同同；相相异异_(adj.)不不同同的的_(n.)差异，区别差异，区别2_(adj.)商商业业的的；贸贸易易的的_(n.)商商业，贸易业，贸易3_(vt.)着着手手；从从事事；承承担担_(过过去式去式)_(过去分词过去分词)4_(vt.) 扔扔；投投；掷掷_(过过去去式式)_(过去分词过去分词)5_(n.)改正；修正；纠正改正；修正；纠正_(vt.)6_(vi.) 反反对，不，不赞成成_(n.)7_(n.)媒介；手段；工具媒介；手段；工具_(pl.)8 _(vt.)禁禁 止止 ； 不不 准准 _(过 去去 式式)_(过去分去分词)9_(vt.)积累；聚累；聚积_(n.)答答案案：1.differ; different; difference 2.commercial; commerce 3undertake; undertook; undertaken4.cast; cast; cast 5correction; correct 6.object; objection7.medium; media 8forbid; forbade/forbad；forbidden9.accumulate; accumulation.短语：短语：1differ_ 与与不同不同2pay_得到好得到好结果；果；偿清清3cast_沮沮丧；不愉快；不愉快4object_ 反反对；不；不赞成成5have a great impact_ 对有重大影响有重大影响6_favour of 赞成；支持成；支持答案：答案：1.from2.off3.down4.to5.on6.in.课文概述：课文概述：根据根据课文内容文内容进行填空，每空限填一行填空，每空限填一词。 Cloning is a way of making a(n)_1_copy of another animal or plant. Cloning plants is_2_while cloning animals is very complicated, which is very hard to_3_. But the scientists made a(n)_4_in 1996, with the successful cloning of Dolly. However, Dolly became seriously ill, which made the cloning scientists cast down._5_， Dolly lived six and a half years. Sadly, the same_6_fate affected other species. And scientists were concerned about making correction in their research procedure. A storm of_7_was raised by Dollys appearance, which had a great impact on the media. And some governments became nervous and_8_and began to reform their legal system and_9_research into human cloning, while other countries continued to_10_evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, it still remains to be found by the scientists whether cloning is harmful or helpful to human beings.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案：答案：1.exact2.straightforward3.undertake4 breakthrough5.Altogether6.arbitrary7.objections8.conservative9.forbade10.accumulate1exact(adj.)1)精确的；准确的精确的；准确的It was difficult to tell her exact age.很难说出她的真实年龄。很难说出她的真实年龄。2)严谨的；严格的；一丝不苟的严谨的；严格的；一丝不苟的The scholar is an exact thinker.这位学者思维严谨。这位学者思维严谨。3)(科学科学)精密的；严谨的精密的；严谨的We need exact instruments.我们需要精密仪器。我们需要精密仪器。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)exactly(adv.)(1)精确地；准确地；确切地精确地；准确地；确切地They met in 1989 and got married exactly two years later.他们他们1989年相遇，刚刚过了两年就结婚了。年相遇，刚刚过了两年就结婚了。(2)(答答语，表表示示赞同同或或强强调正正确确)“一一点点不不错，正正是是如如此此，完全正确完全正确”。So she wants to sell the house and move to London.Exactly.“那么那么说， 她是想把房子她是想把房子卖掉，掉， 搬到搬到伦敦去。敦去。”“对。”2)not exactly (1)(纠正正对方方刚说过的的话)不完全不完全So he told you youd got the job?Not exactly, but he said they were impressed with me.“那那么么他他说这个个工工作作归你你了了？”“不不完完全全是是这样，但但是是他他说他他们对我的印象不我的印象不错。”(2)(说反反话时用用)根本不；根本不；绝不；一点也不不；一点也不He wasnt exactly pleased to see usin fact he refused to open the door.他并不是很他并不是很乐意意见到我到我们他甚至拒他甚至拒绝开开门。【词语辨析词语辨析】exact, right, true, correct，accurate这些形容词均含这些形容词均含“准确的，正确的准确的，正确的”之意。之意。1)exact着重在质与量方面的准确，语气比着重在质与量方面的准确，语气比accurate强。强。I dont know the exact size of the room.我不知道这个房间的确切面积。我不知道这个房间的确切面积。2)right使使用用广广泛泛，可可与与这这些些词词中中的的correct换换用用，但但常常暗示道德、理解、行动等方面的正确。暗示道德、理解、行动等方面的正确。The editors were right to refuse this article.编辑们不接受这篇文章是有道理的。编辑们不接受这篇文章是有道理的。3)true暗指暗指绝对准确，尤指复制品与原件准确，尤指复制品与原件丝毫不差。毫不差。Is it true youre getting married?你要你要结婚是真的婚是真的吗？4)correct最最常常用用词，主主要要指指按按一一定定标准准或或规则来来衡衡量量，没有没有谬误和差和差错或无缺点或无缺点错误。The description is correct in every detail.每个每个细节的叙述都很准确。的叙述都很准确。5)accurate指指通通过谨慎慎的的努努力力达达到到符符合合事事实或或实际，侧重不同程度的准确性，与事重不同程度的准确性，与事实无出入。无出入。The new salesgirl is accurate at figures.新来的女售新来的女售货员计算正确无算正确无误。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(山山东东省省潍潍坊坊市市2010届届高高三三一一模模) You hate Lee, dont you?_I just think hes a bit annoying, thats all.ANot exactly BNot really CNot a little DNot at all答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：“你你讨讨厌厌李李，对对吗吗？”“不不完完全全是是这这样样。我我只只是是觉觉得得他他有有点点烦烦人人。如如此此而而已已。”not exactly表示表示“(纠正对方刚说过的话纠正对方刚说过的话)不完全不完全”。(2)(2008四四川川213)Its often difficult to find_to express what you want to say.Aexactly the right wordBthe word right exactlyCthe right exactly word Dexactly right the word答答案案：A本本题题意意：往往往往难以以找找到到恰恰当当的的话语来来表表达达自自己己所所想想说的的话。exactly表表示示“恰恰好好地地，正正好好地地”，通通常常位于名位于名词(词组) 、介、介词短短语或句子的前面。或句子的前面。(3)(2008四四川川215)I think Tracy needs to find herself a new job._. This is what weve been talking about.AExactly BCheer up CPlease do DReally答答案案：A本本题题意意：“我我认为特特蕾蕾西西需需要要为她她自自己己找找一一份份新新工工作作。”“一一点点不不错。这是是我我们一一直直谈论的的”。exactly表表示示“(答答语，表表示示赞同同或或强强调正正确确) 一一点点不不错；正正是是如如此此；完全正确完全正确”。(4)(2005浙浙江江10)People should stop using their cars and start using public transport._. The roads are too crowded as it is.AAll right BExactlyCGo ahead DFine 答答案案：B本本题题意意：“人人们应当当停停止止使使用用私私家家车，开开始始乘乘坐坐公公共共交交通通工工具具。” “正正如如你你所所言言，事事实上上， 道道路路上上现在在太太拥挤了了。” exactly表表示示 “(答答语，表表示示赞同同或或强强调正正确确)一一点点不不错，正正是是如如此此，完完全全正正确确”。本本题还可可以以采采用用如如下下句句式式来来回回答答： Youre right. I agree. I cant agree more. I share the same opinion.(5)(2000上上海海46)I dont think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog_.Acorrectly BproperlyCexactly Dactively答答案案：B本本题题意意：我我认为彼彼得得太太年年幼幼了了，照照顾不不好好这条条宠物狗。物狗。properly表示表示“正确地；适当地正确地；适当地”。(6)The urgent report was completed in less than one daysix hours, to be more_.Aright BtrueCaccurate Dexact答答案案：D本本题题意意：这篇篇紧急急报告告在在不不到到一一天天的的时间里里，更更确确切切地地说，只只花花了了六六个个小小时就就完完成成了了。be more exact 表示表示“更精密些；确切地更精密些；确切地说”。2undertake(v.)1)承担；从事；负责承担；从事；负责The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.这律师免费承办那个案件。这律师免费承办那个案件。We undertook a trip to the west.我们到西部作了一次旅行。我们到西部作了一次旅行。2)承诺；允诺；答应承诺；允诺；答应He undertook to finish the job by Friday.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。I can not undertake that you will make a profit.我不能担保你会获利。我不能担保你会获利。【知识运用知识运用】(1)They always_their duties faithfully.Aperform BresponseCundertake Dguarantee答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：他他们们总总是是忠忠实实地地履履行行自自己己的的职职责。责。perform表示表示“履行；执行履行；执行”。(2)We could_the work for the time being.Aperform BresponseCundertake Dguarantee答答案案：C本本题题意意：我我们可可暂时负责这项工工作作。undertake表示表示“承担；从事；承担；从事；负责”。3disturbing(adj.)引引起起烦烦恼恼的的；令令人人不不安安的的；引引起起恐恐慌的慌的He has had some disturbing experience.他有过一些使他很不安的经历。他有过一些使他很不安的经历。It is very disturbing that we havent heard from him.我们没有听到他的消息，深感不安。我们没有听到他的消息，深感不安。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)disturbed(adj.)心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的He was disturbed about the rumor.他为谣言所困扰。他为谣言所困扰。I was deeply disturbed by the news.这消息使我深感不安。这消息使我深感不安。2)disturb(v.)(1)打扰；干扰；妨碍打扰；干扰；妨碍I wouldnt think of disturbing them at this hour of the night.我不能想象这样深更半夜去打扰他们。我不能想象这样深更半夜去打扰他们。(2)搅乱；弄乱；搞乱乱；弄乱；搞乱Dont disturb the paper on my desk.别乱乱动我桌上的文件。我桌上的文件。(3)使焦使焦虑；使不安；使；使不安；使烦恼She was disturbed to hear you had been injured in the accident.她听到你在事故中受了她听到你在事故中受了伤感到不安。感到不安。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(山山东东省省潍潍坊坊市市2010届届高高三三二二模模) The quick rise in the price of food will make people_， that is, affect peoples living standard.AdisturbedBfascinatedCdistinguishedDinterrupted答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：食食品品价价格格的的快快速速上上涨涨会会让让人人感感到到不不安安，也也就就是是说说，影影响响到到人人们们的的生生活活水水平平。disturbed表表示示“心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的”。(2)It is very_that there has been an increase in crime in the last six months.Adisturbed BinterruptedCdisturbing Dinterrupting答答案案：C本本题题意意：过去去6个个月月里里，犯犯罪罪案案件件的的增增加加令令人人非非常常不不安安。disturbing表表示示“引引起起烦恼的的；令令人人不不安安的的；引起恐慌的引起恐慌的”。(3)She opened the door quietly so as not to_the sleeping child.Ainterrupt BdisturbCclam Dstop答答案案：B本本题题意意：她她轻轻地地开开门， 以以免免惊惊扰了了睡睡着的孩子。着的孩子。disturb表示表示“打打扰；干；干扰；妨碍；妨碍”。(4)What was I saying, before we were so rudely_？Ainterrupted Bdisturbed Cmissed Dlost答答案案：A本本题题意意：我我们刚才才的的谈话被被粗粗鲁地地打打断断了了，之之前前我我说到到哪哪儿儿了了？interrupt表表示示“插插嘴嘴；打打扰；打打岔岔”。(5)(原原创)I have heard some_news, which has made me _very much.Adisturbing; disturbingBdisturbed; disturbedCdisturbing; disturbedDdisturbed; disturbing答答案案：C本本题题意意：我我听听到到了了一一些些坏坏消消息息，这使使我我很很 不不 安安 。 disturbing news表表 示示 “令令 人人 不不 安安 的的 消消 息息 ”。disturbed表示表示“心神不安的；心心神不安的；心烦意乱的；意乱的；烦恼的的”。4appropriate(adj.)(for/to sth)合适的；恰当的合适的；恰当的Write in a style appropriate to your subject.用与你的题目相称的体裁写。用与你的题目相称的体裁写。Is now an appropriate time to make a speech?现在发表演讲是不是时候？现在发表演讲是不是时候？【词语辨析词语辨析】appropriate, fit, proper, suitable这些形容词均表示这些形容词均表示“适当的适当的”或或“适合的适合的”之意。之意。1)appropriate指指专专门门适适合合于于某某人人或或某某事事，语语气气较较重重，强调强调“恰如其分恰如其分”。You will be informed of the details at the appropriate time.在适当的时候将把详情告诉你。在适当的时候将把详情告诉你。2)fit指指具具有有适适合合于于某某个个目目的的，某某种种工工作作或或某某种种用用途途等等必需的品必需的品质或条件。或条件。The food was not fit for human consumption/not fit to eat.这食物不适宜人吃。食物不适宜人吃。3)proper往往往往侧重于符合某个重于符合某个标准或准或习惯。He wondered whether it would be proper to knock at her door.他不知道敲她的他不知道敲她的门是否恰当。是否恰当。4)suitable指指具具有有适适合合于于某某种种特特定定场合合、地地位位或或情情况况等等的品的品质。Would it now be a suitable moment to show the slides?现在放幻灯片合适在放幻灯片合适吗？【知识运用知识运用】(1)Please follow the_procedures for dealing with complaints.Aappropriate BfitCproper Dsuitable答答案案：C 本本题题题题意意：请请按按正正当当手手续续处处理理投投诉诉。proper表示表示“正确地；恰当的；符合规则的正确地；恰当的；符合规则的”。(2)Upon reaching a/an_age, children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest”Aappropriate BfitCproper Dsuitable答答案案：A本本题题意意：一一达达到到适适当当的的年年龄，孩孩子子们就就被被鼓鼓励励，而而不不是是被被强强迫迫，“离离开开老老窝”。appropriate表表示示“合合适的；恰当的适的；恰当的”，强强调“恰如其分的恰如其分的”。(3)(原原创)As I walked, my mind was busy fitting what l saw with_words.Afit BsuitableCappropriateDproper答答案案：C本本题题意意：走走在在路路上上，我我的的脑海海里里不不停停地地搜搜寻适适当当的的词句句来来表表达达所所看看到到的的事事物物。appropriate words表示表示“适当的适当的词语”。5impact C, usually sing &U(of sth)(on sb/sth)巨巨大影响；强大作用大影响；强大作用The move is not expected to make an impact on the companys employees.预计这一行动对公司职员不会产生什么巨大的影响。预计这一行动对公司职员不会产生什么巨大的影响。Our regional measures have had a significant impact on unemployment.我们地区的措施对失业有重大影响。我们地区的措施对失业有重大影响。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)have/make a strong/great/full impact on sb/sth 对对有巨大的影响有巨大的影响(或强大作用或强大作用)His speech made a great impact on everyone.他的演说对大家有很大的影响。他的演说对大家有很大的影响。2)have an effect on sb/sth 对对有影响有影响This had a great effect on/upon the future of both mother and son.这对母子俩的将来影响很大。这对母子俩的将来影响很大。【知识运用知识运用】(1)The computer has made a great_on modern life.Aaspect BaffectCimpact Dissue答答案案：C本本题题题题意意：计计算算机机对对现现代代生生活活产产生生了了巨巨大大的的影影响响。have/make a strong/great/full impact on sb/sth 表表示示“对对有巨大的影响有巨大的影响(或强大作用或强大作用)”。(2)Theres no question that the ads had a real_on the public.Aaffect BadvantageCtheme Dimpact答答案案：D本本题题意意：毫毫无无疑疑问，这些些广广告告对公公众众确确实产生了影响。生了影响。have an impact on表示表示“对有影响有影响”。6obtain(v.)(尤指经努力尤指经努力)获得；赢得获得；赢得He failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有获得奖学金。他没有获得奖学金。Further information can be obtained from our head office.详细的资料可从我们的总部得到。详细的资料可从我们的总部得到。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(福福建建省省厦厦门门市市2010届届高高三三3月月质质量量检检查查) You have worked hard all week so you_a good rest.Areserve Bobtain Cowe Ddeserve答答案案：D本本题题题题意意：你你整整个个星星期期都都很很努努力力，你你需需要要好好好好休休息息一一下下。deserve表表示示“应应受受(奖奖赏赏、特特殊殊待待遇遇等等); 应得；值得应得；值得”。(2)The information was_as a result of various experiments.Aearned BwonCobtained Drequired答答案案：C本本题题意意：经过种种种种试验，结果果获得得了了这一一资料。料。obtain 表示表示“(尤指尤指经努力努力)获得；得；赢得得”。(3)The facts had been obtained_thousands of students in their first year of university study_asking such questions as these.Afrom；by Bon；inCagainst; by Dover; beyond答答案案：A本本题题意意：这些些情情况况是是通通过向向数数千千名名大大学学生生在在一一年年级时学学习情情况况的的调查而而获得得的的，所所提提出出的的问题如如下。下。obtain from表示表示“从从得到得到”。by表示方式。表示方式。7attain(v.)1)(通常经过努力通常经过努力)获得，得到获得，得到Most of our students attained five A grades in their exams.我们多数学生的考试成绩是五个优。我们多数学生的考试成绩是五个优。2)达到达到(某年龄；水平；状况某年龄；水平；状况)The tree in front of my house have attained to a great height.我房子前的那棵树已长得很高了。我房子前的那棵树已长得很高了。【词语辨析词语辨析】attain, reach, achieve, arrive这些动词均有这些动词均有“达到达到”之意。之意。1)attain侧侧重重指指在在抱抱负负或或雄雄心心的的激激励励下下，以以最最大大的的努努力力去达到一般所不及或不敢追求的目的。去达到一般所不及或不敢追求的目的。They are not likely to attain this aim. 他们未必能够达到这一目标。他们未必能够达到这一目标。2)reach常常用用词词，指指到到达达某某一一空空间间、时时间间、目目标标或或发发展展过程中的某一点。过程中的某一点。The appeal fund has reached its target of 10000.吁请捐助的款项已达到吁请捐助的款项已达到10000英镑这一预定目标。英镑这一预定目标。3)achieve侧重指通重指通过努力、技努力、技术或勇气达到目的。或勇气达到目的。The university has achieved all its goals this year.这个大学今年已个大学今年已经实现了所有的了所有的奋斗目斗目标。4)arrive指得出指得出结论，达成某，达成某项协议或作出某一决定等。或作出某一决定等。They arrived at the same conclusion.他他们得出了相同的得出了相同的结论。 【知识运用知识运用】(1)(2010江江 苏苏 24) Thousands of foreigners were_to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.A.attended Battained Cattracted Dattached 答答案案：C本本题题题题意意：自自从从开开幕幕以以来来，上上海海世世博博会会吸吸引了成千上万的外国人。引了成千上万的外国人。attract表示表示“吸引吸引”。(2)(原原创)It is easy to learn English, But it is difficult to _perfection in it.AarriveBgetCattainDbenefit答答 案案 ： C本本 题 题 意意 ： 英英 语 易易 学学 难 精精 。reach/achieve/acquire/attain perfection表表示示“臻臻于于完完善善；到到达完美的境界达完美的境界”。(3)使用使用attain, reach, achieve或或arrive的适当形式填空：的适当形式填空：It is very important to_an agreement with this big company.He_because he was a hard worker.He_the age of 25 before marrying.It didnt take long to_at a decision.答案：答案：reach和这家大公司达成协议是很重要的。和这家大公司达成协议是很重要的。achieved 他他之之所所以以取取得得成成功功是是他他努努力力的的结结果果。(achieve用作不及物动词。用作不及物动词。)attained他他年年届届廿廿五五始始完完婚婚。(attain the age of表示表示“(年龄年龄)有有岁了岁了”。)arrive没过多久便作出了决定。没过多久便作出了决定。8forbid(v.)1)sb(from doing sth)|sb to do sth|doing sth 禁禁止止；不准不准The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。The storm forbids us to go out.暴风雨使我们不能外出。暴风雨使我们不能外出。I forbid you entering my study.我不许你进入我的书房。我不许你进入我的书房。He forbade them from mentioning the subject again.他不准他们再提到这个问题。他不准他们再提到这个问题。2)妨碍；阻碍；阻止妨碍；阻碍；阻止The typhoon forbade sea voyages.台台风来了，无法航海。来了，无法航海。Lack of time forbids any further discussion at the point.由于由于时间不不够，现在不能深入在不能深入讨论这个个问题。【知识拓展知识拓展】forbidden(adj.)禁止的；不准的禁止的；不准的Smoking is forbidden. Please extinguish your cigarettes.吸烟是禁止的，请你把烟熄掉。吸烟是禁止的，请你把烟熄掉。The Forbidden City is one of the worlds greatest works of architecture.紫禁城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。紫禁城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(2006全全国国215)Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not_her to do so.Aforbid BallowCfollow Dask答答案案：B本本题题题题意意： 玛玛丽丽想想独独自自环环球球旅旅行行，可可是是父父母母却却不不允允许许她她这这么么做做。allow sb to do sth“允允许许某某人人干干某某事事”。(2)The guard_us to look out of the window when the train was moving.Aforbade BallowedCpermitted Dbanned答答案案：A本本题题意意：火火车开开动时，乘乘警警禁禁止止我我们把把头伸伸到到窗窗外外。forbid表表示示“禁禁止止；不不准准”。注注意意，ban表表示示“明明令令禁禁止止(某某事事物物)；明明令令禁禁止止某某人人(做做某某事事)”， 指指权威威机机关关明明文文取取消消或或禁禁止止严重重危危害害公公众众利利益益的的事事或或行行为，隐含含道道义上上的的谴责意意味味。例例如如：He was banned from(attending)the meeting. 不准他出席不准他出席该会会议。(3)(原原创)“You dont go out with this man，” Hermann said fiercely, “You are my daughter and I _it.”AforbidBpreventCadmitDprotect答答案案：A本本题题意意：“我我不不准准你你跟跟这个个男男人人出出去去，”海海曼曼狠狠狠狠地地说，“你你是是我我的的女女儿儿，我我不不准准。” forbid表表示示“禁禁止；不准止；不准”。9accumulate(v.)1)积累；积聚积累；积聚By buying ten books every month, he soon accumulated a good library.他每月买十本书，他每月买十本书， 不久便集成了一个丰富的藏书库。不久便集成了一个丰富的藏书库。They set to work accumulating a huge mass of data.他们开始累积大量的资料。他们开始累积大量的资料。2)(数量数量)逐逐渐增加；增加；(质量量)渐渐提高提高Dust had accumulated during her absence.她不在她不在时灰灰尘积了起来。了起来。True poetry accumulates meaning every time it is read.真正的好真正的好诗愈念涵愈念涵义愈丰富。愈丰富。【词语辨析词语辨析】accumulate, collect, gather, pile这些动词均含这些动词均含“积聚，聚集，积累积聚，聚集，积累”之意。之意。1)accumulate几几乎乎可可用用于于指指任任何何事事物物量量的的增增加加，侧侧重重连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。He accumulated a fortune by hard work.他靠努力工作积蓄了一笔财富。他靠努力工作积蓄了一笔财富。2)collect普普通通用用词词，多多用用于于指指物物，侧侧重重指指有有区区别别地地作作选选择或有安排、有计划地把零散物集中起来。择或有安排、有计划地把零散物集中起来。Dust had collected on the windowsill.窗台上积了灰尘。窗台上积了灰尘。3)gather普普通通用用词，指指人人或或物物或或抽抽象象事事物物都都可可以以。侧重于重于围绕一个中心的集合、聚集。一个中心的集合、聚集。A crowd gathered at the scene of the accident.出事地点聚集了一群人。出事地点聚集了一群人。4)pile着重指比着重指比较整整齐地把地把东西堆西堆积在一起。在一起。He piled the books on top of each other.他把他把书一本本地叠起来。一本本地叠起来。【知识运用知识运用】(1)She paused to_her thoughts before entering the interview room.Aaccumulate BcollectCgather Dpile答答案案：B本本题题题题意意：她她停停下下来来定定了了定定神神，才才走走进进了了面面试试室室。collect oneself| collect ones thoughts 表表示示“(尽尽力力)镇镇定定下下来来，敛敛神神专专注注；为为做做好好精精神神准准备备”。例例如如：Im fineI just need a minute to collect myself. 我我没没事事，只只是需要稍稍镇定一下。是需要稍稍镇定一下。(2)However, as the evidence began to_， experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.Aaccumulate BcollectCgather Dpile答答案案：A本本题题意意：然然而而，当当证据据日日趋增增多多时，该动物物园园的的专家家们感感到到有有必必要要进行行调查。accumulate表表示示“积累；累；积聚聚”。(3)(原原创)The silence fell again and on Melanies face there were signs of a struggle to _strength to speak.AaccumulateBcollectCgatherDpile答答案案：C本本题题意意：又又没没声声息息了了，从从媚媚兰脸上上看看得得出出她她在在挣扎扎着着竭竭力力要要往往下下说。gather strength表表示示“恢恢复复体体力力”。(4)(原原 创 ) Can I work extra hours in order to _time to take as leave during the Olympics?Aadopt BassociateCaccumulate Dacquire答答案案：C本本题题意意：我我可可以以现在在加加班班， 在在奥奥运运会会期期间合并合并请假假吗？ accumulate表示表示“积累；累；积聚聚”。1pay off(尤尤指指表表示示冒冒险险的的计计划划或或行行动动)成成功功；奏奏效效；达到目的达到目的All the hard work I had done over the summer paid off.整个夏天我所做的所有艰辛工作都有了好结果。整个夏天我所做的所有艰辛工作都有了好结果。Did his plan pay off?他的计划成功了吗？他的计划成功了吗？【知识拓展知识拓展】1)pay sth off 付清；偿清付清；偿清It took them three years to pay off the debt.他们三年才还清欠债。他们三年才还清欠债。2)pay sb off 付清工资后解雇；遣散付清工资后解雇；遣散The company has paid off some redundant employees.公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。3)pay sb back(sth)|pay sth back(to sb)(向某人向某人)还钱还钱Ill pay back the money you lent me next week.下星期我把你借给我的钱还给你。下星期我把你借给我的钱还给你。4)pay for 偿还，付款，付款If you cant pay for the house in cash, you can buy it on installment.如果你不能用如果你不能用现金金购房，房， 也可以分期付款。也可以分期付款。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(四四川川省省德德阳阳市市高高中中2010届届高高三三二二诊诊) For us Senior Three students, believing that our hard work will_can strengthen our confidence.Apay off Btake offCset off Dput off答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：对对我我们们高高三三学学生生来来说说，相相信信努努力力学学习习必必有有收收获获将将会会增增强强我我们们的的信信心心。pay off表表示示“取取得得成功；得到好结果成功；得到好结果”。(2)How much did you pay_the tickets_tonights show.Afor; of Bfor; to Cfor; for Dto; for答答案案：C本本题题意意：明明天天演演出出的的票票你你花花了了多多少少钱？第第一一空空考考查介介词for表表示示“等等值、等等量量，用用于于表表示示等等值或或相相同同关关系系”；例例如如：I paid ten dollars for a ticket; 我我花花十十美美元元买了了张票票。 第第二二空空考考查for表表示示“对象象，用用途途等等”，译作作“适适合合于于、对于于”；例例如如：Are all these presents for me? 这些些礼礼物都是物都是给我的我的吗？(3)You must_your old loan before you can obtain a new one.Apay back Bpay offCpay for Dpay out答答案案：B本本题题意意：你你必必须还清清旧旧账， 然然后后才才能能再再借款。借款。pay sth off 表示表示“付清；付清；偿清清”。(4) (原原创)But as time went on, they found their efforts to respect their students_.Ashowed off Btook offCput off Dpaid off答答案案：D本本题题意意：但但是是随随着着时间的的流流逝逝，他他们发现对学学生生的的尊尊重重收收到到了了意意想想不不到到的的效效果果。pay off 表表示示“(尤尤指表示冒指表示冒险的的计划或行划或行动) 成功；奏效；达到目的成功；奏效；达到目的”。2be cast down(by sth)(因某事因某事)沮丧，不愉快沮丧，不愉快Dont be so cast down. Keep up your spirits.不要这么沮丧。打起精神来。不要这么沮丧。打起精神来。He is not easily cast down.很少见他情绪低落。很少见他情绪低落。【知识运用知识运用】(1)Dont let yourself be_by a small failure in the experiment; Try again.Aput down Bcast downCpulled down Dpressed down答答案案：B本本题题题题意意：别别为为了了实实验验中中的的小小小小失失败败而而垂垂头头丧丧气气；再再试试下下去去。be cast down(by sth)表表示示“(因因某某事事)沮丧；不愉快沮丧；不愉快”。(2)Dont_her; Shes doing her best.Aencourage BdiscoveryCdiscourage Denable答答案案：C本本题题意意：别泄泄她她的的气气， 她她正正尽尽力力做做呢呢。discourage sb(from doing sth)表表示示“使使某某人人丧失失(做做某某事事的的)信心；使某人泄气信心；使某人泄气”。(3)(原原 创 )Since he heard of his failure at the examination, Tom has been very _.Aturned down Bcast downClet down Dknocked down答答案案：B本本题题意意：汤姆姆自自从从听听说考考试不不及及格格后后，一一直直垂垂头丧气气。be cast down (by sth) 表表示示“(因因某某事事)沮沮丧，不愉快不愉快”。3in favour(of sb/sth)赞同；支持赞同；支持The majority was/were in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个建议。多数人赞成这个建议。There were 247 votes in favour(of the motion)and 152 against.有有247票赞成票赞成(动议动议)，152票反对。票反对。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)in sbs favour 有利于某人；有助于某人有利于某人；有助于某人The decision went in his favour.这一判决对他有利。这一判决对他有利。2)do sb a favour|do a favour for sb帮某人一个忙帮某人一个忙You did me a great favor.你帮了我一个大忙。你帮了我一个大忙。3)do sb the favour to do sth|do sb a favour by doing sth 帮忙做帮忙做He did me the favour to turn the radio down while Im on the phone.在在我我打打电话时，他他帮帮了了我我一一个个忙忙，把把收收音音机机的的声声音音调小了。小了。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(台台州州市市2010年年高高三三年年级级第第二二次次调调考考试试题题) Almost everyone is_bringing down the price of housing because its too high now.Ain favor of Bin charge ofCin honor of Din search of答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：几几乎乎所所有有的的人人都都赞赞成成把把房房价价降降下下来来， 因因为为房房价价现现在在太太高高了了。in favor of表表示示“赞赞成成，支支持持”。(2)(2006陕西西10)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_it.Ain honour of Bin memory ofCin favour of Din search of答答案案：C本本题题意意：我我妹妹妹妹反反对我我的的建建议，然然而而我我弟弟却弟弟却赞同。同。in favor of表示表示“赞同支持同支持”。(3)(2006辽宁宁26)These books are too heavy for me to carry._.AYou may ask for helpBIll give you a handCIll do you a favorDId come to help答答案案：B本本题题题题意意：“这这些些书书太太重重了了，我我携携带带不不了了。”“我我帮帮你你。”give sb a hand 表表示示“帮帮某某人人一一个个忙忙”。注注意意：do sb a favour也也可可以以表表示示“帮帮某某人人一一个个忙忙”，但但用用于于第二人称的一般疑问句中，用于请求对方给予帮助。第二人称的一般疑问句中，用于请求对方给予帮助。(4)(原原创)_that I told you so, long ago.ADo me a favour to recallBDo me the favour to recallCDo me a favour of recallingDDo me the favour of recalling 答答案案：B本本题题意意：请答答应我我一一个个请求求：回回忆一一下下。 那那话我我很很久久以以前前就就告告诉过你你了了。do sb the favour to do sth| do sb a favour by doing sth 表示表示“帮忙做帮忙做”。1Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。【知识剖析知识剖析】当当表表示示方方向向、位位置置或或时时间间的的副副词词位位于于句句首首时时，且且谓谓语语是是come, go, be等等动动词词，句句子子的的主主语语为为名名词词时时，句句子子采采用用完完全全倒倒装装形形式式。此此类类词词包包括括：here, there, off, out, in, up, down, away, now, then, on等。例如：等。例如：Now, here goes the story.这个故事是个故事是这样的。的。Then came another question.然后又一个然后又一个问题被提出来了。被提出来了。Away flew the bird. 那那鸟飞走了。走了。Suddenly, in came a man with a mask on his face.突然突然进来一个蒙着面具的人。来一个蒙着面具的人。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)表表示示地地点点的的介介词词短短语语，常常将将其其放放在在句句首首，谓谓语语部部分分采采用用完完全全倒倒装装结结构构。注注意意，此此时时句句子子的的谓谓语语动动词词 通通常常为为不不及物动词，且主语为名词。例如：及物动词，且主语为名词。例如：In the cottage lives a family of six.在这幢小茅舍里住着一家六口。在这幢小茅舍里住着一家六口。 Near the bridge was an old cottage.在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍。在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍。Next to this one is another grand hotel which is beautifully decorated.这家饭店隔壁还有一家装修华丽的大饭店。这家饭店隔壁还有一家装修华丽的大饭店。On either side of the great avenue stood many block buildings.这条大街的两条大街的两侧都都耸立着立着许多多综合楼。合楼。2)表表语(充充当当表表语的的可可以以是是形形容容词、分分词、不不定定式式、介介词短短语、副副词等等)置置于于句句首首，如如果果句句子子的的主主语较长或或结构构较复复杂时，通常采用完全倒装，通常采用完全倒装结构。例如：构。例如：Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.他被人瞧不起日子已他被人瞧不起日子已经一去不复返了。一去不复返了。In the armchair lay a cat, half asleep.一只猫躺在椅子上，半睡半醒。一只猫躺在椅子上，半睡半醒。Standing around the teacher were her students.老老师周周围站着的都是她的学生。站着的都是她的学生。Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.同同时还讨论了我了我们在学在学习中碰到的中碰到的问题。First to unfold was the map of the world.首先要打开的是世界地首先要打开的是世界地图。3)频度度副副词或或短短语位位于于句句首首时，谓语部部分分通通常常采采用用完完全全倒倒装装结构构。此此类词包包括括：often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day等。例如：等。例如：Many a time has he given me good advice.他多次他多次给我忠告。我忠告。Often have I seen these Yang Pioneers do good deeds.我我经常看到常看到这些少先些少先队员做好事。做好事。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(2010江苏江苏33) Is everyone here?Not yet. Look, there_the rest of our guests!Acome Bcomes Cis coming Dare coming答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：“大大家家都都到到齐齐了了吗吗？”“没没有有。瞧瞧，其其余余的的客客人人过过来来了了！ ”本本题题考考查查there be句句型型的的一一种种特特殊殊形形式式There表表示示运运动动的的动动词词(come, go, walk, enter, follow, arrive等等)，在在此此结结构构中中，谓谓语语动动词词通通常常都都为为不不及及物物动动词词，且且采采用用一一般般现现在在时时。此此外外，There be句句型型中中，谓谓语语动词的形式通常遵循动词的形式通常遵循“就近原则就近原则”。(2)(2009福福建建25) For a moment nothing happened. Then_all shouting together.Avoices had come Bcame voices Cvoices would come Ddid voices come 答答案案：B本本题题意意：片片刻刻沉沉寂寂之之后后，人人们同同时高高声声呐喊喊起起来来。在在以以here, there, off, out, in, up, down, away, now, then, on等等表表示示方方向向、位位置置或或时间副副词开开头的的句句子子中中，如如果果谓语是是come, go等等转移移动词以以及及动词be, 且且主主语为名名词时，通通常常使使用用倒倒装装结构构。注注意意：主主语若若是是人人称称代代词，则不不能采用倒装能采用倒装结构。构。(3)(2006上上 海海 春春 34) Just in front of our house_with a history of 1,000 years.Adoes a tall tree stand Bstands a tall treeCa tall tree is standing Da tall tree stands答答案案：B本本题题意意：就就在在我我们的的商商店店前前面面耸立立着着一一棵棵具具有有1,000 年年历史史的的高高大大古古木木。表表示示地地点点的的介介词短短语，常常将将其其放放在在句句首首，构构成成全全部部倒倒装装，用用于于强强调；注注意意，此此时句句子的子的谓语动词通常是不及物通常是不及物动词。(4)(2005上上海海春春30)On top of the books_the photo album youre looking for.Ais BareChas Dhave答答案案：A本本题题意意：你你所所寻找找的的影影集集在在书本本的的上上面面。表表示示地地点点的的介介词短短语，常常将将其其放放在在句句首首，构构成成全全部部倒倒装装，用用于于强强调；注注意意，此此时句句子子的的谓语动词通通常常是是不不及及物物动词。此此外外，句句子子的的主主语为the photo album，根根据据主主谓一一致致原原则，选择谓语单数形式数形式is.(5)_all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.ATo grow BGrowingCGrown DGrow答答案案：B本本题题意意：山山野野湖湖畔畔长满了了各各种种各各样的的野野花花。当当句句子子的的主主语较长或或结构构较复复杂时，担担任任表表语的的形形容容词、分分词、不不定定式式、介介词短短语、副副词等等往往往往置置于于句句首首，句句子采用部分倒装子采用部分倒装结构。构。(6)Often_what happened to him.Ahave I wondered Bhave I had wonderedCI have wondered Ddid I wonder答答案案：A本本题题意意：我我时常常纳闷他他究究竟竟出出了了什什么么事事。频度度状状语often，always，once，now and then，every other day，every two days，now and again，many a time，then，thus等位于句首等位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装，句子采用部分倒装语序。序。(7) (原原创)Then _. I would not be the first teacher to fly in space.Acame the disturbing newsBdid the disturbing news comeCthe disturbing news cameDdid come the disturbing news答答案案：A本本题题意意：然然后后传来来了了坏坏消消息息。我我将将不不是是遨遨游游太太空空的的第第一一位位教教师了了。表表示示方方向向、位位置置或或时间的的副副词位位于于句句首首，谓语是是come, go, be等等不不及及物物动词，且且句句子子的的主主语为名名词时，句子必，句子必须采用完全倒装采用完全倒装结构。构。2Altogether Dolly lived six and half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.多多莉莉总总共共只只存存活活了了六六年年半半，这这是是它它的的原原形形羊羊寿寿命命的的一一半。半。【知识剖析知识剖析】half the length of.属属于于“倍倍数数的的表表示示方方法法”，其其用用法法介绍如下：介绍如下：1)倍倍数数(a quarter, half, twice, three times, etc.)as. as.；倍数；倍数as much/many名词名词asThis bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍。这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍。Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice/double the size of that one.Your room is as large again as that one.你的房间是我的两倍大。你的房间是我的两倍大。He received three times as many presents as he had expected.他收到的礼物是他他收到的礼物是他预料的三倍。料的三倍。2)倍倍数数adj.的的比比较级than；倍倍数数more名名词thanAsia is three times larger than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。洲比欧洲大三倍。3)倍倍 数数 the size/length/width/depth/height/amount of.This river is a quarter the length of that one.这条河是那条河的四分之一条河是那条河的四分之一长。4)倍数倍数whatclauseThe production now is three times what it was ten years ago.现在的在的产量是量是10年前的三倍。年前的三倍。5).by倍数倍数Compared with that of last year, our coal output has increased by 3 times.与去年相比，我与去年相比，我们的煤的煤产量增量增长了了3倍。倍。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(2009四四川川19)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice_expensive.Aas BsoCtoo Dvery 答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：我我叔叔叔叔那那套套在在市市中中心心的的房房子子比比我我们们家家的的房房子子小小得得多多，但但是是它它却却贵贵两两倍倍。本本题题考考查查“倍倍数数asadj./adv.as”结构。结构。(2)(2008陕西西16)Ten years ago the population of our village was_that of theirs.Aas twice large as Btwice as large asCtwice as much as Das twice much as 答答案案：B本本题题意意：10 年年前前，我我们村村的的人人口口数数量量是是他他们村村的的两两倍倍。“倍倍数数的的表表示示方方法法”通通常常采采用用以以下下三三种种形形式式： 倍倍数数as原原级as. 倍倍数数比比较级than. 倍倍数数the size/length/width/depth/height/amount等等of.(3)(2008浙浙江江3)I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times_.Aas much Bas many Cso much Dso many答答案案：A本本题题意意：我我更更喜喜欢这件件上上衣衣而而不不是是那那一一件件，但但这件件上上衣衣的的价价格格几几乎乎是是那那件件上上衣衣价价格格的的3倍倍。本本题考考查了了倍倍数数表表达达法法。表表示示“A是是B的的多多少少倍倍”可可以以采采用用“倍倍数数as形形容容词原原级(asB)/倍倍数数as much/many as.”结构构表表示示；如如果果上上文文已已经提提到到了了与与A相相比比较的的对象象，可可以以将将第第二个二个as和比和比较对象象B省略掉。省略掉。(4)(原原创)An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to _the tallest trees in the windbreak.Athe ten times height of Bten times the height of Cas ten times height as Dten times so high as答答案案：B本本题题意意： 有有一一个个简单易易记的的方方法法，那那就就是是防防护林林可可以以保保护的的区区域域的的长度度相相当当于于它它里里面面最最高高树木木高高度的度的10倍。本倍。本题考考查 “倍数倍数the.of” 结构。构。(5)(原原创)There arent enough chairs for the meeting；we need_again.Aas half as much Bhalf as muchCas half as many Dhalf as many答答案案：D本本题题意意：供供开开会会用用的的椅椅子子数数量量不不够；需需要要再再增增加加一一半半。half as large/many/much/old again(as.)表表示示“(的的)一一倍倍半半大大/多多/老老”。此此外外，名名词chair为可可数数名名词，须和和many连用。用。