（被动语态被动语态）被动语态的构成被动语态的构成Rockets （火箭）（火箭）_ (use) to send up satellites （卫星（卫星）are used构成：构成：be +p.p语态转换语态转换1.He teaches English in our school. English is taught in our school by him.宾提前变主，主变宾提前变主，主变byby介宾，被动介宾，被动bebe加加done,done,时态看主动时态看主动2.She gave me a book.I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.如如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring, show,tell）3.He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中离开，被动句中to回回 来。来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch)1.We planted many trees last years.Many trees by us last year.过去时的被动语态：过去时的被动语态：was/were+P.P语态和时态结合语态和时态结合were planted【2012天津】2. The letters for the boss _ on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.A. were put B. was put C. put D. has put 2.She will teach Class 6.Class 6 by her.将来时的被动语态：将来时的被动语态：Will/shall+be +PPwill be taught【2012湖南】22. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life.A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid3. Many countries have sent up satellites into space. Satellites into space by many countries .现在完成时的被动语现在完成时的被动语:Have/has+been +PPhave been sent up【08安徽33】I like these English songs and theymany times on the radio.A.taughtB.have taughtC.are taught D.have been taught4.She is teaching Class 6.Class 6 by her.现在进行时的被动现在进行时的被动语态：语态：is+being+ppis being taught【2012四川】11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _.A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt【10湖北 78】Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _（未证实）yet. (prove)答案： had not been proved过去完成时的被动过去完成时的被动语：语：had+been+pp一些特殊的被动结一些特殊的被动结构构1.短语动词的被态短语动词的被态: 注注: 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体短语动词是一个不可分割的整体, 不可省不可省掉构成短语动词的介词或副词掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.e.g: The baby is taken good care of by them.【06浙江】He will stop showing off if no notic is him.A taking to B taking overC taking for D taken of2.情态动词的被态情态动词的被态:当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to+ be + donee.g: The baby must be looked after well. 【07四川】四川】We all find it necessary that plenty of oral practice _ to get a good language sense. A. be done B. must be done C. ought to be done D. be doing3.-How are the team playing? -They are playing well, but one of them _hurt. 【2002北京春季卷】北京春季卷】 A. got B. gets C. are D. were【2012北京】北京】29. Have you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no one _.A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurtget done 侧重于动作本身侧重于动作本身. be done 侧重状态侧重状态. 4.【09 安徽卷】安徽卷】The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. produced B. being producedC. to be produced D. having been produced【10四川四川11】In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with 主语主语+ be + adj. +不定式不定式to be done5.固定句式固定句式It is said / reported / hoped / believed that 据说据说/据报导据报导/希望希望/有人相信有人相信=sb./ sth. be said to do / to have done【09 全国卷全国卷I】It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.A.said B. to say C. saying D. being said主动形式表被动意义主动形式表被动意义当系动词当系动词feel、look、smell、taste、sound、appear 、seem 、prove 、go 、turn 、stay 、become 、fall 、get 、grow 等后面接形容词或名等后面接形容词或名词构成系表结构；词构成系表结构；1)The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。鱼闻起来香。表示主语某种属性的动词，如表示主语某种属性的动词，如cut、read、sell、wear、write、drive 、wash 、cook 、dry等词后等词后往往接副词作状语。往往接副词作状语。This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。这种布易洗。These novels wont sell well.这些小说不畅销。这些小说不畅销。表示表示“开始、结束、运动开始、结束、运动”的动词通用主动式表的动词通用主动式表被动义被动义 如：如：begin, open, start, stop, end, finish, shut, move, run, .The shop opens at 6 am. every day作作“需要需要”讲的讲的 want，need，require 后接动后接动名词作宾语时，用名词作宾语时，用主动形式表被动意义；当然也主动形式表被动意义；当然也可接不定式的被动式可接不定式的被动式作宾语作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/to be washed不定式不定式在某些形容词后作状语，且和句子的主在某些形容词后作状语，且和句子的主语或宾语构成动宾关系时，用主动式表被动义。语或宾语构成动宾关系时，用主动式表被动义。difficult, easy, hard, fit, pleasant, good, comfortable, light, heavy, dangerous, safe, .The fish is not fit to eat不定式不定式作作后置定语后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系，与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语或宾语构成主谓关系时，用主动形又和该句主语或宾语构成主谓关系时，用主动形式表被动意义；但若用在式表被动意义；但若用在there be 结构中，主动、结构中，主动、被动均可（口语中常用主动式）。被动均可（口语中常用主动式）。There are many things to do/to be done I have a lot of homework to do.be to blame 表示表示“应受批评、责备应受批评、责备”，用主动，用主动形式表被动意义。形式表被动意义。The boy is to blame for what he has done少数不及物动词和不及物动词短不能用作被动语少数不及物动词和不及物动词短不能用作被动语态形式，或换言之没有被动语态形式。态形式，或换言之没有被动语态形式。 rise, happen, succeed, remain,. take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to, .The sun is rising.1. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsThe shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. yesterday A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedYour jacket needs _ (wash)The house requires _ (repair)washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat) We find English difficult _(learn)to eatto learnI have much homework _ (do) this eveningIll give the boy some books _ (read)to doto readThere are many things _ (do) next weekThe boy is _ (blame) for what he has doneto do to be done上句在口语中常用主动语态形式作定语上句在口语中常用主动语态形式作定语to blame 被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况be seated坐着坐着He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。）坐在凳子上。be hidden躲藏躲藏He was hidden behind the door. (He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。他藏在门后。be lost迷路迷路The boy was lost in the forest.be drunk喝醉喝醉He was drunk last night.be dressed穿着穿着The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.【10山东山东29】The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid【09海南海南35】Now that weve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. taking B. take C. takenD. to take 考考查with +宾语+宾语补足足语的用法的用法逻辑上上动宾关系，所以空格关系，所以空格处用用过去分去分词表表示被示被动