高考英语考前辅导高考英语考前辅导7/23/2024三、突破写作误区，三、突破写作误区，巧做书面表达巧做书面表达一、活用基础知识，一、活用基础知识，巧做单项选择巧做单项选择二、掌握理解技巧，二、掌握理解技巧，巧做听力阅读巧做听力阅读7/23/2024一一活用基础知识活用基础知识巧做单项选择巧做单项选择7/23/2024（一）基础知识考查要点1名词：考查的重点是名词单复数，名词辨义及名词搭配。如：He gained his _ by printing _ of famouswriters.A.wealth;workB.B.wealths;worksC.C.wealths;workD.wealth;works答案：D。分析：分析：wealth为不为不可数名词。可数名词。work作不可数名词，意作不可数名词，意为为“工作工作”；作可；作可数名词，意为数名词，意为“作作品品”、“著作著作”。7/23/20242冠词和数词：考查的重点是冠词和数词的基本用法。如：Sheis_newcomerto_chemistrybutshe has already made some importantdiscoveries.A.the,theB.the,不填C.a,不填D.a,the答案：答案：C。分析：分析：newcomer是泛指，是泛指，用不定冠词。学科名词用不定冠词。学科名词chemistry，不用冠词。不用冠词。7/23/20243代词：考查的重点是不定代词与物主代词的用法。如：-IsyourcameralikeBillsandAnns?-No.Butitsalmostthesameas_.A.herB.yoursC.themD.their答案：B。分析：此处比较的是camera，要用物主代词。形容词性物主代词只能作定语，空格后没有名词，所以要用名词性物主代词。7/23/20244形容词和副词：考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较结构、词语辨异和系表结构。如：-Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet？-No,Illfinishin_tenminutes.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.less答案：A。分析：分析：another后可接单数名后可接单数名词，也可跟词，也可跟few或带数词的复或带数词的复数名词表示数名词表示“再、还再、还”之意。之意。7/23/20245动词的时态和语态：在历年的高考中所占的比重最大。考查的重点是复合句中的动词形式,语态常与时态一起考查。如：-Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?-Notyet.Therooms_.A.arebeingpaintingB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainted答案：D。分析：先确定语态为被分析：先确定语态为被动，再确定时态为进行动，再确定时态为进行时。时。7/23/20246情态动词：考查的重点是情态动词的基本用法、虚拟语气的意义与结构。如：-There were already five people in thecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.A.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen答案：D。分析：此处谈论过去的分析：此处谈论过去的情况，为对过去情况的情况，为对过去情况的否定性推测。否定性推测。7/23/20247非谓语动词：在高考中的分数比重及题量逐步增加。考查的重点从及物动词后用不定式或动名词作宾语，转向非谓语动词的句法功能、时间概念、主动还是被动。如：CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented答案：A。分析：分析：consider表示表示“思考思考”时，常用动名词短语作宾语。时，常用动名词短语作宾语。但此处但此处consider表示表示“认为认为”，后接不定式复合结构。不定，后接不定式复合结构。不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前，式的动作发生在谓语动作之前，要用完成式来表示。要用完成式来表示。7/23/20248特殊句型：考查的重点是倒装、强调、感叹、否定转移、部分否定、反意问句以及省略和替代。如：Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize答案：A。分析：否定词位分析：否定词位于句首时，主句于句首时，主句须倒装并且不能须倒装并且不能再出现再出现not。7/23/20249简单句、并列句和复合句：考查的重点连接词的用法。如：Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for答案：C。分析：分析：it是形式主是形式主语，而真正的主语语，而真正的主语是空格后的整个句是空格后的整个句子。此处只有子。此处只有that能引导主语从句。能引导主语从句。7/23/202410短语与搭配：考查的重点一般是动词短语辨义，以及介词与动词、形容词的搭配。如：Johnhasputonsomuchweightrecentlythathismotherhasto_allhistrouserstohismeasure.A.letoutB.giveawayC.bringinD.makeup答案：A。分析：分析：letout表示表示“放大放大”。7/23/202411交际用语：考查的重点是日常交际用语，一般是根据上下文情境来判断答语。如：A:MayItakeyourorder?B:Idlikeacupofcoffeeandahotdog.Whataboutyou,Lisa?Lisa:_.A.ThesametomeB.Sameagain,pleaseC.ItsverykindofyouD.Thankyouallthesame.答案：B。分析：分析：Sameagain,please.表示表示“同样同样的再来一份的再来一份”。7/23/2024（二）单项选择解题技巧（二）单项选择解题技巧1利用上下语境。利用上下语境。如：-WhereshallI_?-Atthenextstop.A.dropyouB.findyouC.pickyouupD.callonyou答案：答案：A。分析：就第一句而言，分析：就第一句而言，四个选项都有意义。但四个选项都有意义。但是，答语是，答语Atthenextstop暗示：两个人说话暗示：两个人说话时在一起。时在一起。B、C、D都不能用于这一情境。都不能用于这一情境。7/23/20242参照类似表达。参照类似表达。如：-Whereareyougoingtodotheshopping?-Atthe_store.A.shoesB.shoeC.shoesD.shoes答案：答案：B。分析：想一下熟悉分析：想一下熟悉的的thebookstore，此题就迎刃此题就迎刃而解了。此题涉及名词作定语而解了。此题涉及名词作定语的用法，一般规则是：名词作的用法，一般规则是：名词作定语用单数。但是，也不能形定语用单数。但是，也不能形成定势：成定势：有时也用复数，例有时也用复数，例如：如：aclothesshop,acommunicationssatellite,asalesdepartment等。等。名词名词的所有格表达时间、距离和价的所有格表达时间、距离和价值，例如：值，例如：threedaysstay,astonesthrow,tendollarsworthofoil等。等。7/23/20243避免思维定势。避免思维定势。如：Theyoungmanspentasmuchtimeashe_overhislessons.A.wentB.wouldgoC.couldtogoD.couldgoing答案：答案：D。分析：分析：spend的句型是的句型是spend+time+doing。不要受不要受Shedidwhatshecouldtohelphim.的影响。的影响。7/23/20244分析句子成分。分析句子成分。如：Theexcitingmomentwelookedforwardto_atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes答案：答案：B。分析：本句主语是分析：本句主语是Theexcitingmoment，welookedforwardto是个是个定语从句，前面的关系代词定语从句，前面的关系代词which被被省略了。所选部分是谓语，不是省略了。所选部分是谓语，不是lookforwardto的宾语。的宾语。7/23/20245分析句子结构。分析句子结构。如：_inthedoorway,everyoneintheroomgaveheracheer.A.AppearingB.AssheappearedC.HavingappearedD.Whenappearing答案：答案：B。分析：分析：inthedoorway的不是的不是everyone，而是而是she，所以所以inthedoorway之前要有之前要有she。此句运用的是此句运用的是as引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从句。句。7/23/2024_,shehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher.A.HermotherwasillB.AsshewasillC.HermotherbeingillD.Beingill答案：答案：C。分析：生病的不是分析：生病的不是she，而是而是Hermother。逗号逗号不能连接两个句子，要么用并列句不能连接两个句子，要么用并列句Hermotherwasill,soshehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher.要么用主从复合句要么用主从复合句Becausehermotherwasill,shehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher.此句运用独立主格结构此句运用独立主格结构Hermotherbeingill作原因状语。作原因状语。7/23/20246重视标点符号。重视标点符号。如：_,theGreatWallisthelongestwallintheworld.A.Thatiswell-knownB.ItisknownthatC.Asiswell-knownD.Weallknow答案：C。分析：逗号说明此句是由as引导的非限制性定语从句，不是主语从句。7/23/20247重视一词多性。重视一词多性。如：Isawa_goodgirlonTVlastnight.A.lovelyB.handsomeC.prettyD.nice答案：C。分析：四个都可以作形容词，但pretty还可作副词，表示“相当”。7/23/20248重视一词多义。重视一词多义。如：Janespalefacesuggestedthatshe_ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_amedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has答案：B。分析：suggest表示“暗示”，从句用陈述语气；表示“建议”，从句用虚拟语气（should可以省略）。7/23/2024二二掌握理解技巧掌握理解技巧巧做听力阅读巧做听力阅读7/23/2024（一）听力理解的考查方式（一）听力理解的考查方式场景题型。场景题型。地点题型。地点题型。常见的提问形式有：Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?Wheredidithappen?Whereis.?Whatkindofstoreisshegoingto?7/23/2024例如：Q: Where did this conversation mostprobablytakeplace?A.Ataconcert.B.Ataflowershop.C.Atarestaurant.录音：录音：M:Themusicandtheflowerarelovely.W:Yes,Ihopethefoodisgood,too.答案：答案：C。该题需要该题需要合理的推断。题中关合理的推断。题中关键词为键词为thefood。7/23/2024时间题型。时间题型。常见的提问方式有：Whendoestheconversationtakeplace？whendoesthemanwanttoleave？Howlongdidittakethemantowritehispaper？Whendidthefootballmatchstart？7/23/2024例如：Q:Atwhattimedoes the train toLeedsleave?A.3:00.B.3:15.C.5:00.录录音音：W: Excuse me,could you tell me whenthenexttraintoManchesteris?M:Sure.Well,its3now.ThenexttraintoManchesterleavesin2hours,butyoucantakethetraintoLeeds,whichleavesin15minutes,andthengetoffatManchesterontheway.答案：答案：B。该题需要简该题需要简单的计算。说话时是单的计算。说话时是3点钟，点钟，M建议乘去建议乘去Leeds的车，该车途径的车，该车途径Manchester，15分钟后分钟后发车。发车。7/23/2024例如：Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Husbandandwife.录音：录音：W:Hello!M:Hello,Lucy,thisisJohn.Look,couldyoudomeafavor?IvetriedtophonemywifesixtimesandIcantgetthrough.Thelineisbusyallthetime.Couldyoupossiblygonextdoorandgiveheramessage?W:Sure,whatdoyouwanttotellMary?答案：答案：A。解题的关键解题的关键是抓住是抓住phonemywife，gonextdoor等关键性的等关键性的词语。词语。人物关系题型。人物关系题型。常见的提问形式是：Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?7/23/2024职业判断题型。职业判断题型。常见的提问形式有：Whatsthewomansjob?Whatstheprofession(职业)oftheman?Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?7/23/2024例如：Q:Whoisthewomanmost probably speakingto?A.Arailwayporter.B.Ataxidriver.C.Apostalclerk.录音：录音：W:Excuseme,sir.ImgoingtosendthisparceltoLondon.Whatsthepostageforit?M:Letmesee.Itsonepoundfifty.答案：答案：C。根据根据parcel（邮包）和邮包）和postage（邮资）等关键词可以判断：这邮资）等关键词可以判断：这位女士是在跟邮局职员讲话。位女士是在跟邮局职员讲话。7/23/2024推断题型。推断题型。常见的提问形式有：Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?Whatdoestheconversationtellus?Whycantthewomanfindthebook?Whatisthemandoing?Whatwilltheweatherbelike?WhatstheiropinionofLindasbrother?Whatdoesthemanmean?What can we conclude from the mansreply?Whathappenedtothewoman?Whatwastheconsequenceoftheaccident?7/23/2024例如：Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Shecanusehiscar.B.Shecanborrowsomeoneelsescar.C.Shecantborrowhiscar.录音：录音：W:Ineedacarthisweekend,butminehasbrokendown.M:Imsorrytohearit,butyoucanalwaysrentoneifyouhavealicense.答案：答案：C。女士讲话有女士讲话有借车之意。借车之意。男士委婉地男士委婉地拒绝了女士拒绝了女士的请求。的请求。7/23/2024例如：Q:Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewatchedtelevisionwithhisfriend.B.Hestayedathometalkingwithhisfriend.C.Hewenttoseeafilmwithhisfriend.录音：录音：W:DidyouseelastnightfilmonChannel4?M:Well,Imeanttoseeit,butafriendofminecametoseeme.Wehadanicelongtalkaboutourschooldays.答案：B。but后面的内容：一是朋友来访，二是畅谈过去。中中BUT题型。题型。题型特征为：对话答语由两部分组成，先是一个短句，后接一个较长的句子，短句与长句子之间用but连接。题目的答案通常在but之后。7/23/2024虚拟语气题型。虚拟语气题型。虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句。例如：Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shegothomebefore9oclock.B.Shehadabadcold.C.Shewasdelayed.录音：录音：W:Ifithadntbeensnowingsohard,Imighthavebeenhomeby9oclock.M:Itstoobadyoudidntmakeit.Janewashereandshewantedtoseeyou.答案：答案：C。女女士讲话表达士讲话表达与过去事实与过去事实相反，即相反，即9点点未能到家。未能到家。7/23/2024wish+从句。从句。例如：Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconvention?A.ThemanisplanningatriptoAustin.B.ThemanhasnotbeentoAustinbefore.C.ThemanhasbeentoAustinbefore.录音：录音：W:ImthinkingofgoingtoAustinforavisit.Doyouthinkitsworthseeing?M:Well,IwishIhadbeenthere.答案：答案：B。男男士讲话表达一士讲话表达一种未能实现的种未能实现的愿望。事实：愿望。事实：他从未去过那他从未去过那里。里。7/23/2024建议题型。建议题型。Whydontyou.?与与Whynot.?例如：Q:Whatisthemansuggesting?A.Comingbackforalatershow.B.Waitinginaqueue.C.Comingbackinfiveminutes.录音：录音：W:Themoviestartsin5minutesandtheresboundtobealongline.M:Whydontwecomebackforthenextshow?Imsureitwouldbelesscrowded.答案：答案：A。男士的建议中用男士的建议中用的是的是thenextshow，而在选而在选项中用项中用alatershow作替换。作替换。7/23/2024录音：录音：W:Wedoneedanotherbookshelfinthisroom,buttheproblemisthespaceforit.M:Howaboutmovingtheolddiningtabletothekitchen?What/Howabout.？例如：Q:Whatdoesthemansuggesttheyshoulddo?A.Findalargerroom.B.Selltheoldtable.C.Rearrangesomefurniture.答答案案：C。建建议议内内容容是是：把旧餐桌搬到厨房里。把旧餐桌搬到厨房里。7/23/2024比较题型。比较题型。常见的提问方式有：Whatdo(es)thinkof?Who/Whichisbetter?Whatdo(es)likebest?7/23/2024例如：Q:WhatdoesTomeliketodomost?A.Tomlikebesttomakephonecalls.B.Tomlikestotalkwithhisfriendsmost.C.Tomlikestovisithisfriendsmost.录音：录音：M:DoesTomliketovisithisfriends?W:Yes,buthelikesnothingbetterthantotalkonthetelephonewithhisfriends.答案：答案：A。比较比较级级nothingbetterthan表达最高级表达最高级的含义的含义。7/23/2024（二）阅读理解的考查方式（二）阅读理解的考查方式推断词义。推断词义。利利用用形形合合手手段段。形合指的是：同义、反义、上义、下义、词的集合、词的搭配等关系。例如：Finally,renewableenergysourcesareusedeventhoughtheyareoftenexpensivetodevelop.Oneformoftheseisgeothermalenergy.Incertainpartsoftheworldthetemperatureoftheearthincreasesthirtydegreescentigradewitheachkilometerdown.Atsixkilometers,therefore,itrisestonearlytwohundreddegrees.Togettheheat,waterispumpeddownintotherocksandbackuptothesurface.Heatfromtheearthisalreadyusedincertaincountries.7/23/2024Theunderlinedwordsintheparagraphmean_.A.renewablesourceB.undergroundsourceC.heatinsidetheearthD.temperatureoftheearth答案：答案：C。geothermalenergy是是renewableenergy的一种形式，属上下义的一种形式，属上下义关系。关系。geothermalenergy与与heatfromtheearth是同义关系。是同义关系。7/23/2024利用语言情境。语境指的是照应、替代、省略、定义、举例等。例如：TheagingofthepopulationwillaffectAmericansocietyinmanyways-education,medicine,andbusiness.Quietly,thegrayingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety-oneinwhichpeoplehaveaquitedifferentideaofwhatkindofbehaviorissuitableatvariousages.Theunderlinedwordonerefersto_.A.asocietyB.AmericaC.aplaceD.population答案：答案：A。one是是society的同位语。的同位语。7/23/2024利利用用构构词词知知识识。构词法主要有：词缀法转类法合词法。例如：Computerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecomecomputer-literate.Butnotallexpertsagreethatthisisagoodidea.Onepioneer,inparticular,whodisagrees,isDavid,thefounderofcomputertownUK.Althoughmanypeopleseethisasasuccessfulattempttobringpeopleclosertothecomputer,Daviddoesnotseeitthatway.HesaysthatComputertownsUKwasformedforjusttheoppositereason,tobringcomputerstopeopleandmakethempeople-literate.7/23/2024DavidthinksComputertownsaremostsuccessfulwhentiedtoacomputerclubbutheinsiststhereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo.Theclubsareforpeoplewhohavesomecomputerknowledgealready.Thisfrightensawaynon-experts,whoarehappiergoingtoComputertownswheretherearecomputersforthemtoexperimenton,withexpertstoencouragethemandansweranyquestionstheyhave.Theyarenottoldwhattodo,theyfindout.Thecomputerexpertshavetolearnnottotellpeopleaboutcomputers,buthavetobeabletoanswerallquestionspeopleask.Peopledonthavetolearncomputerterms(术语术语),buttheexpertshavetoexplaininplainlanguage.Thecomputersarebecomingpeople-literate.7/23/2024分析：文中解释了两个概念：computer-literate：tobringpeopleclosertothecomputeracomputerclub：forpeoplewhohavesomecomputerknowledgealreadypeople-literate：tobringcomputerstopeopleComputertowns：therearecomputersforthemtoexperimentonnottotellpeopleaboutcomputersdonthavetolearncomputerterms(术语术语)7/23/2024Wecaninferfromthetextthatcomputer-literatemeans.A.beingabletoaffordacomputerB.beingabletowritecomputerprogramsC.workingwiththecomputerandfindingoutitsvalueD.understandingthecomputerandknowinghowtouseit答案：答案：D。抓住抓住havesomecomputerknowledgealready这一关键，并通过理解这一关键，并通过理解其相对概念其相对概念people-literate作出选择。作出选择。7/23/2024其实，其实，computer-literate是是computer（计算机）计算机）和和literate（受过教育的）构成的合成词，如受过教育的）构成的合成词，如果分别知道这两个词的意思，不仅有助于本果分别知道这两个词的意思，不仅有助于本词汇题的选择，也有助于本文的理解。词汇题的选择，也有助于本文的理解。阅读词汇要求：生词率3%*1000（以上）=至少30。30/5=6个生词/篇。建议：弄熟全国统一考试大纲中的词汇。认识新课标中的词汇。7/23/2024概括主旨。概括主旨。常见的提问方式：This news story is mainly about_.Thetextismainlyabout_.The best headline (标 题 ) for thisnewspaperarticleis_.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?7/23/2024例如：Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.Suchapersonisnot really a thief. They are sick and cannot helpthemselves. All small children act naturally and asthey grow up they normally learn to control theiractions-Peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthatdonotbelongtothem.Withmedicalhelp they may become normal citizens again- Thethingsthatakleptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue.Theyoftengiveawaywhattheyhavestolenorcollectobjectswithoutusingthem.7/23/2024Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.Youngthieves.B.Anunusualillness.C.Reasonsforstealing.D.Anormalchildsactions.答案：答案：B。本文议论的中心为一种罕见本文议论的中心为一种罕见的疾病，的疾病，浓缩于第一句主题句中：浓缩于第一句主题句中：Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.7/23/2024捕捉细节。捕捉细节。常见的提问方式：Which of the following statements is trueaccordingtotheparagraph(passage)?Which of the following statements is false (nottrue),accordingtotheparagraph(passage)?All the following statements are (not true)EXCEPT The author (writer) mentions all of the itemslistedbelowEXCEPTInthisparagraph(passage),wefindsupportforallofthefollowingstatementsEXCEPTThestatementsmadebytheauthor(writer)arebasedonevidence(example,fact)The author (paragraph, passage) states (informs,tellus)that7/23/2024例如：SamandJoewereastronauts.Therewasonce a very dangerous trip and the moreexperiencedastronautsknewtherewasonlyasmallchanceofcomingbackalive.SamandJoe, however, thought, it would be excitingthoughalittledangerous.Werethebestmenforthejob,theysaidtotheboss.Theremaybeproblems, but we can find the answers.TheyrethelastpeopleIdtrust,thoughttheboss.Butalltheotherastronautshaverefusedtogo.7/23/2024Most of the astronauts wereunwillingtogoonthetripbecause_.A. there was little chance of beingselectedB.theywerentexperiencedenoughC.theythoughttheymightgetkilledD.itwasntexcitingenough答案：答案：C。本题答案在文中可直接本题答案在文中可直接找到：找到：themoreexperiencedastronautsknewtherewasonlyasmallchanceofcomingbackalive.7/23/2024推断信息。推断信息。针对主题大意针对主题大意/中心思想的推断题。中心思想的推断题。常见的提问方式：Wecanconcludethat.Wemayinferthat.Thewritersuggeststhat.Thestoryimpliesthat.Whatthewriterreallymeansis.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.Accordingtothepassage,youcansee.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethat.Thepassagesuggeststhat.Inthewritersopinion,.7/23/2024针对作者的观点、态度和意图的推断题。针对作者的观点、态度和意图的推断题。Whatdoestheauthorthinkof?Howdoestheauthorfeelabout?Inthewritersopinion,?Whatsthetoneofthispassage?针对写作思路、文章体裁和来源的推断题针对写作思路、文章体裁和来源的推断题What does/did the paragraph preceding thepassagemostprobablydiscuss?The paragraph following the passage mostprobablydiscussesThisselection（节选）mightbesomepartsofabookconcernedwith.Thispassagemightbetakenoutofabookdealingwith.Wheredidthispassagemostprobablyappear?Theseextracts（摘录）areprobablytakenfrom.7/23/2024例如：Wewalkedinsoquietlythatthenurseatthedesk didnt even lift her eyes from the book. MumpointedatabigchairbythedoorandIknewshewantedmetositdown.WhileIwatchedmouthopeninsurprise,Mumtookoffherhatandcoatandgavethemtometohold.Shewalkedquietlytothesmallroombytheliftandtookoutawetmop.Shepushedthemoppastthedesk.Mumjustpushedharder,eachswipe(拖一下)of the mop taking her farther and farther down thehall.Iwatcheduntilshewasoutofsight.Ofcourse.Itoldheraboutthehospitalrules,andshewillnotexpectusuntiltomorrow.7/23/2024Afterreadingthestorywhatcanweinferaboutthehospital?A.Itisachildrenshospital.B.Ithasstrictrulesaboutvisitinghours.C.Theconditionstherearentverygood.D. The nurses and doctors there dontworkhard.答案：B。本文主要叙述Mum巧妙地骗过护士在非探视时间看望女儿Dagmar的经过，说明医院有严格的探视制度。本题的推论必须与文章主题相联系。7/23/2024（二）完形填空的考查方式（二）完形填空的考查方式运用复现运用复现原词复现。原词复现。上下文中同一概念重复出现。7/23/2024同同义义词词、近近义义词词复复现现。借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文语义得以连接起来。7/23/2024同同源源词词复复现现。同一词根，通过前缀、后缀、合成和转化等方式构成同源词。7/23/2024上上下下义义词词复复现现。上义词具有概括性，下义词具有分述作用。7/23/2024概概念念复复现现。同一概念在上下文中以不同的词语出现。7/23/2024评评述述性性复复现现。用一种表达方式对另一种表达方法进行解释或说明。7/23/2024反反义义复复现现。通过反义词或对比使文章前后衔接照应。7/23/2024利用联想利用联想利用话题联想。利用话题联想。就某一话题而言，有许多信息和表达方式与之同现，形成一个个词汇链。7/23/2024利用因果关系联想。利用因果关系联想。7/23/2024利利用用结结构构联联想想。通过关键词进行固定结构联想。7/23/2024借助语言标志。借助语言标志。借助转承语。借助转承语。7/23/2024借助并列连词。借助并列连词。7/23/2024三三突破写作误区突破写作误区巧做书面表达巧做书面表达7/23/2024（一）认识失分原因（一）认识失分原因1审题不仔细，遗漏要点。审题不仔细，遗漏要点。例如：例如：2000年全国卷（目击交通事故）年全国卷（目击交通事故）7/23/2024目目击击报报告告:Itwas7:15onthemorningofFebruary8,2000.IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhenanelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheothersideofthestreet.ThenIsawayellowcardriveupThirdStreetandmakearightturnintoParkRoad.Thenextmomentthecarhitthemanwhilehewascrossingtheroad.Hefellwithacry. Thecardidntstop but drove off at great speed heading west. Inoticed the driver was a young woman and theplatenumberwasAC864.AbouttwominuteslaterIstopped a passing car and took the old man to thenearesthospital.LiHua7/23/20242过渡不自然，单纯翻译。过渡不自然，单纯翻译。例如：叙述国庆节去北京动物园的情况。有位学生写道：TodayisNationalDay.LiMingandIwenttoBeijingZoo.WetooktheNo.15bus.Wegottheretenminuteslater.Thereweremanypeopleinthezoo.Mostofthemwerechildren.Inthezoo,wesawelephants.Wesawbears.Wesawlions.At12oclock,wewentbackhome.Wehadawonderfuldaytoday.Wefelttired.Wefelthappy.这位学生把该表达的内容都写出来了，而且没有句子结构方面的错误，但是，他写的不是一篇短文，而是孤零零的孤零零的句子句子。7/23/2024有效地运用连接词，可使上下文连贯流畅。有效地运用连接词，可使上下文连贯流畅。TodayisNationalDay.LiMingandIwenttoBeijingZoo.WetooktheNo.15busandtenminuteslaterwegotthere.Thereweremanypeopleinthezoo,mostofwhomwerechildren.Inthezoo,wesawmanykindsofanimals,suchaselephants,bearsandlions.At12oclock,wewentbackhome.Whatawonderfuldaywehadtoday.Althoughweweretired，wefeltveryhappy.7/23/20243.逻辑不恰当，有悖常理。逻辑不恰当，有悖常理。结尾：结尾：Itisveryclearthatthepollutionhasharmednotonlypeoplearoundthefactorybutalsothemanagerhimself.Themanagerwascriticizedbythegovernment.Nowhehasrealizedtheimportanceofkeepingtheairclean.7/23/2024短语、从句可使短文更富有表现力。短语、从句可使短文更富有表现力。Chargingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway.Whatismore，itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls，whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity.4表达不丰富，结构单调。表达不丰富，结构单调。例如：2002年全国卷（讨论公园是否收门票）Theentrancefeesarecharged.Peoplewillnotcome.Wallsandgatesshouldbebuilt.Theywillnotmakethecitylookbad.7/23/20245语言不地道，汉式思维。语言不地道，汉式思维。例如：2002年全国卷（给英文报纸写信）不少同学写成：Iwanttotellyouaboutthediscussionwevehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.就Iwantotellyou而言，本身没有错，但用在此处就不符合英语习惯了。书信中应写：Iamwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwevejusthadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.7/23/20246用词不贴切，缺乏积累。用词不贴切，缺乏积累。例如：2002年北京卷（记叙野外生存训练）结尾部分有学生写成：Thenwesetupthecampandsetfiretocookfood.最后部分应写：LiMingthenputupthetent，andImadeafireandstartedcooking.姑且不谈tocookfood的对错，单就setfire而言就是个不可原谅的错误，setfiretoaplace系“纵火烧某处”，显而易见是对makeafire这个词组没有掌握。7/23/20247语法不正确，错误不断。语法不正确，错误不断。【误误】CanyoutellAsiaelephantsfromAfrica?【误误】Hewillrememberfirmlythattheteachersaidanddid.【正】【正】CanyoutellAsianelephantsfromAfricanones?【正】【正】Hewillrememberclearlywhattheteachersaidanddid.7/23/20248书写不规范，多词少词。书写不规范，多词少词。评分原则：词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。说明：1内容要点可用不同方式表达。2对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。7/23/2024（二）学会句型转换（二）学会句型转换简单句合并为简单句。简单句合并为简单句。用连词and,bothand,nor,neithernor,or,eitheror,aswellas,notonlybutalso,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan等。例如：Wecannotexpecthertodohousework.Andwecannotexpecthertolookafterthechildren.We can neither expect her to dohouseworknorlookafterthechildren.7/23/2024用同位语，例如：Edison was a great inventor. He wasbornin1847.Edison,agreatinventor,wasbornin1847.用介词短语，例如：Theboywasinbadhealth.Hewasthereforeunabletodoit.Becauseofhisbadhealth,theboywasunabletodoit.7/23/2024用不定式短语，例如：Sheisveryyoung.Shecantgotoschool.Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.用分词短语，例如：Isawabus.Itcameslowlyuptome.Isawabuscomingslowlyuptome.用形容词（短语），例如：They spent several days in the wind andsnow.Theywerecoldandhungry.Theyspentseveraldaysinthewindandsnow,coldandhungry.7/23/2024用副词短语，例如：I will return to this point in mylecture.Itwillbeinalittlewhile.I will return to this point in mylecturesoon.用独立结构，例如：My fatherwasill. Ihadto stayathome.Myfatherbeingill,Ihadtostayathome.7/23/2024简单句合并为并列句：简单句合并为并列句：表示句与句之间关系平等，而意义引申，主要连词有：and，例如：Shehaslentusoneofhernewbooks.Thebookisthelatestoneinhercollection.Shehaslentusoneofhernewbooksanditisthelatestoneinhercollection.（表示增补）表示增补）Heisjack-of-all-trades.Heismasterofnone.Heisjack-of-all-tradesand heismasterofnone.（含义向否定引申）含义向否定引申）7/23/2024Anurgenttelegramwassenttoherhusband.Shewaswaitingforhisreply.Anurgenttelegramwassenttoherhusbandandshewaswaitingforhisreply.（表示动作先后）表示动作先后）Thedayisshort.Theworkisheavy.Thedayisshortandtheworkisheavy.（表示让步）表示让步）Thinkitoveragain.Youwillfindawayout.Thinkitoveragainandyouwillfindawayout.（表表示示条件）条件）Manyofthepapersaregood.Thesepapersarethebest.Manyofthepapersaregoodandthesepapersarethebest.（表示对比）表示对比）7/23/2024Theyhavefinishedhalfofit.Thisisnotbad.Theyhavefinishedhalfofitandthisisnotbad.（表示评注）表示评注）notonlybutalso，例如：Hesaidit.Hedidittoo.Notonlydidhesayit,butalsohedidit.nor,neither,neithernor，例如：MarycantspeakFrench.JanecantspeakFrencheither.Neither can Mary speak French, norcanJane.7/23/2024表示选择关系，主要连词有：or,eitheror,whetheror,otherwise等。例如：Stop!Ifnot,Iwillshoot.StoporIllshoot.Youmustbehaveyourself.Youllnevergooutwithmeagain.Eitheryoumustbehaveyourself,oryoullnevergooutwithmeagain.7/23/2024表示转折关系或对比关系，主要连词有：but,still,yet,however,ontheotherhand,allthesame,though,afterall,while等。例如：Tomwasnothere.Hisbrotherwashere.Tomwasnothere,buthisbrotherwas.Thereisnomilkinthecontainer.Youcanfindsomeinthekitchen.Thereisnomilkinthecontainerbutyoucanfindsomeinthekitchen.7/23/2024表示因果关系，主要连词有：for, so,therefore,thus,inthatcase等。例如：Hewasabsentthismorning.Hewasill.Hewasabsentthismorningforhewasill.用when，表示突然发生，相当于justthen,justatthattime/moment，常用结构有：was(were,did)when，例如：Hewasonhiswayhome.Suddenlytwoboysstoppedhim.Hewasonhiswayhome,whentwoboysstoppedhim.7/23/2024was(were)doingwhen，例如：Iwasthinkingofthis.SuddenlyIheardmynamecalled.I was thinking of this, when I heard my namecalled.was(were)(just)abouttodowhen，例如：I was just about to pick up the receiver. At thatmomentthephonestoppedringing.Iwasjustabouttopickupthereceiver,whenthephonestoppedringing.had(just)donewhen，例如：Harryhadjustlefthome.Hissonrushedouttoplay.Harryhadjustlefthome,whenhissonrushedouttoplay.7/23/2024简单句合并为主从句：简单句合并为主从句：名词从句：主语从句。例如：Youdidntgotoseesuchawonderfulplay.Itsapity.Itsapitythatyoudidntgotoseesuchawonderfulplay.7/23/2024宾语从句，例如：Heisgoingsomewhere.Idontknow.Idontknowwhereheisgoing.直接引语，例如：Whatshouldwedofirst?Thisismyquestion.Thisismyquestion:“Whatweshoulddofirst?”7/23/2024表语从句，例如：Can we finish our work by tomorrowevening?Thatismyquestion.My question is whether we can finishourworkbytomorrowevening.同位语从句，例如：Whatdidhecomeherefor?Itriedtofindtheexplanationtothisquestion.Itriedtofindtheexplanationtothisquestionwhathecameherefor.7/23/2024定语从句：用关系代词。例如：Inourcourtyardtherewasabigdatetree.Ilikeditverymuch.Inourcourtyardtherewasabigdatetree,whichIlikedverymuch.7/23/2024用关系副词，例如：He will never forget the day. He joined theLeagueonthatday.He will never forget the day when (onwhich)hejoinedtheLeague.用whose，例如：Ayoungmanfromyourcollegehasbroughtyouthisparcel.Ihaveforgottenhisname.Ayoungmanfromyourcollege,whosenameIhaveforgotten,hasbroughtyouthisparcel.7/23/2024状语从句：表示时间，例如：Hetoldmeyesterday.Iheardaboutitonlythen.Ididnthearaboutituntilhetoldmeyesterday.表示地点，例如：Heputhisbookonthekitchentable.Hefounditthere.Hefoundhisbookwhereheputit.7/23/2024表示原因，例如：Everybody is present. Lets begin ourdiscussion.Since everybody is present, lets beginourdiscussion.表示目的，例如：Wemustlistenmoreandspeakmore.Inthis way well be able to learn Englishbetter.WemustlistenmoreandspeakmoresothatwellbeabletolearnEnglishbetter.7/23/2024表示结果，例如：Itwasrainingcatsanddogs.Wecouldntgoout.Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldntgoout.表示条件，例如：You can go out. You must promise tocomebackbeforeeleven.Youcangooutaslongasyoupromisetocomebackbeforeeleven.7/23/2024表示比较，例如：The color of your cap is blue. The color ofmineisbluetoo.Yourcapisthesamecolorasmine.表示让步，例如：Hehashadgreatsuccess.Heisworkingveryhard.Thoughhehashadgreatsuccess,heisstillworkingveryhard.表示方式，例如：Hedidtheexperiment.Histeachershowedhimhowtodoit.Hedidtheexperimentashisteachershowedhim.7/23/2024（三）活用过渡用语（三）活用过渡用语表示时间关系的过渡词语：first,inthebeginning,firstofall,next,second,then,soon,meanwhile,meantime,inthemeantime,now,earlier,later,afterthat,afterward,atthatmoment,bythattime,fromthenon,presently,eventually,atlast,finally,before.,after.,since.,when.,while.,assoonas.,once.,until.7/23/2024表示添加的过渡词语：and, also, too, again, besides, also,another,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,aswellas,whatismore表示比较的过渡词语：like,alike,incomparison,likewise,inthesameway,atthesametime,similarly,inlikemanner,as,aswellas7/23/2024表示对照的过渡同语：but,yet,still,however,unlike,instead,whereas,inspiteof,despite,onthecontrary,incontrast,onthe other hand, though, although, for onethingforanother表示原因的过渡词语：because,for,since, as, because of, due to, owing to,thanksto表示结果的过渡词语：so,thus,therefore,hence,sothat,asaresult,inthis/thatway7/23/2024表示例证的过渡同语：forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatis, namely, in particular, specifically, asproofof表示总结的过渡词语：tosumup,toconclude,tosummarize,onthewhole,allinall,lastly,inshort,inbrief,inaword,inconclusion,inclosing,insummary7/23/2024表示强调的过渡词语：surely, certainly, truly, undoubtedly,clearly,indeed,infact,afterall,aboveall,mostimportant,tobesure,withoutdoubt,withoutaquestion,asamatteroffact表示重述的过渡词语：inotherwords,thatistosay,insimplerterms,simplystated,toputitdifferently7/23/2024表示综述的过渡词语：generally,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,asarule,forthemostpart表示让步的过渡词语：anyhow,anyway,ofcourse,however,inanycase,atanyrate7/23/2024（四）强化短文改错（四）强化短文改错一致性问题主谓一致a. The new boy or girl in school quicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.主语theboyorgirl是单数，谓语动词也要用单数becomes。b.Every means have been tried tosettle theproblem.主语everymeans为单数概念，故将have改为has。7/23/2024单复数一致a.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.time改为times。b.Differentpeoplespeakdifferentlanguage.language改为languages。代词一致a.Thegamespeaksforthemselves.themselves改为itself。b.AndIcantforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.I改为me。c.Nothingwillbedamagedduringthemove,willthey？they改为it。7/23/2024时态语态一致a.Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.is改为was，与inthepast保持一致。b.Heknewhowyoungpeoplefeelabouttheworld.feel改为felt，与knew保持一致。c.Sheclosedthedoorandhurriesawaytoclass.改为Sheclosedthedoorandhurriedawaytoclass.hurried时态跟and前的closed保持一致。d.Booksmaybekeepingfortwoweeks.此句为被动语态，故将keep改为过去分词kept。7/23/2024搭配问题Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivefortwicesolongaspeoplewholivedafewhundredyearsago.solongas改为aslongas。Motheriscookingteafortheguests.cooking改为making。maketea为习惯表达。Theglassisfilledofwater.of改为with，固定词组为befilledwith。Whentheycamedownthepolicewereangrytothem.to改为with，beangrywithsb为固定搭配。7/23/2024非谓语动词Heallowedmegowithmyfriend.go前加to，allowsbtodosthallow与带to的不定式连用。Letmetosingasong.去掉to，letsbdosthlet与不带to的动词不定式连用。Iwanttothankyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays.have改为having，因为for是介词，后面要跟名词或动名词作宾语。7/23/2024冠词的用法TherespubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.is后加不定冠词a。a常用于可数名词单数之前，表示类别，或介绍某个。Noteveryyoungmantriedtogettherich.去掉the。get后跟形容词。getrich意为“变为富有”，而gettherich（富人），则语意不通。7/23/2024连词的使用Itwasnotlikearopeandafan.and改为or。or常用于否定意义的句子；and常用于肯定意义的句子。ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherethegreattimeIhad.all前加and。She could not hear that other people weresaying.that改为what。what既连接从句，又在从句中作saying的宾语。There are still some countries which peoplehaveshorterlives.which改为where。where在定语从句中作地点状语。Wehurried,wedidntmissthelastbus.改为Wehurried,so(that)wedidntmissthelastbus.7/23/2024形容词和副词的用法Thisfilmismorelessinterestingthanthatone.more改为much。much修饰比较级，表示程度。They are singing happy in thepark.happy改为happily。happily为副词，修饰动词singing。7/23/2024句子结构ThepictureisaboutapoorlittlegirllivedinoldChina.此句中从句缺主语，应在lived前加who。CharlesandLindaMasondoalltheirthingsaswellasclimbedbuilding.climbed改为climbing。climbing是动名词，成份与alltheirthings平行，都作do的宾语。7/23/2024逻辑关系Didyougobackhereyesterday？go改为come。go here无逻辑搭配关系。Workhard，oryoucanpasstheexam.or改为and，才有逻辑意义7/23/2024（五）注意改错格式（五）注意改错格式7/23/20247/23/2024Good Luck !Good Luck !7/23/2024