Unit 3Unit 3Part APart Aof Wonderof WonderThe SenseThe Sense21st Century College English: Book 321st Century College English: Book 3 Pre-Reading Activities Text A: Language Points Exercises AssignmentUnit 3: Part AUnit 3: Part ATheSenseofTheSenseofWonderWonderBefore Before you you listen listen to to the the passage, passage, predict predict the the words words that that are are missing missing in in the the printed printed version version of of the the passage. passage. Then Then when when you you hear hear the the passage, passage, mark mark where where you you hear hear differences differences between between your your predictions predictions and and whats whats actually actually on on the the tape. tape. Dont Dont worry worry about about writing writing down down exactly exactly what what you you hear hear just just note note where where you you hear hear differences. differences. Pre-Reading ActivitiesPre-Reading ActivitiesListeningListeningPre-Reading ActivitiesPre-Reading ActivitiesTheThesensesenseofof dominatesdominateseveryeverymodernmoderncultureculturetotosuchsuchananextentextentthatthatmostmostpeoplepeoplenevernever . . RelyingRelying mainlymainly onon sightsight seemsseems soso naturalnatural howhowcouldcouldaacultureculturefavorfavor instead?instead?WhatWhat wouldwould suchsuch aa cultureculture bebe like?like? ItsIts almostalmostimpossibleimpossible toto imagine.imagine. ButBut isis inin factfact notnot asas“natural“natural asas wewe normallynormally think.think. AlthoughAlthough mostmosthumanshumansarearebornbornwithwith , ,nonooneone isisbornbornknowingknowinghowhowtoto . .WeWemustmustlearnlearn , ,andandmanymanyofofthetherulesruleswewelearnlearnvaryvary . isisananexcellentexcellentexample:example:BeforeBeforeartistsartistsinventedinventedformalformalrulesrulesforforportrayingportrayingthreethreedimensions,dimensions,noonethoughtofdistantobjectsaslookingnoonethoughtofdistantobjectsaslooking . .IfIfyouyoudoubtdoubtthis,this,trytryexplainingexplaining toayoungchild.toayoungchild.Check-upCheck-upTheThesensesenseofof dominatesdominateseveryeverymodernmoderncultureculturetotosuchsuchananextentextentthatthatmostmostpeoplepeoplenevernever . . RelyingRelying mainlymainly onon sightsight seemsseems soso naturalnatural howhowcouldcouldaacultureculturefavorfavor instead?instead?WhatWhat wouldwould suchsuch aa cultureculture bebe like?like? ItsIts almostalmostimpossibleimpossible toto imagine.imagine. ButBut isis inin factfact notnot asas“natural“natural asas wewe normallynormally think.think. AlthoughAlthough mostmosthumanshumansarearebornbornwithwith , ,nonooneone isisbornbornknowingknowinghowhowtoto . .WeWemustmustlearnlearn , ,andandmanymanyofofthetherulesruleswewelearnlearnvaryvary . isisananexcellentexcellentexample:example:BeforeBeforeartistsartistsinventedinventedformalformalrulesrulesforforportrayingportrayingthreethreedimensions,dimensions,noonethoughtofdistantobjectsaslookingnoonethoughtofdistantobjectsaslooking . .IfIfyouyoudoubtdoubtthis,this,trytryexplainingexplaining toayoungchild.toayoungchild.Pre-Reading ActivitiesPre-Reading ActivitiesconsiderthatitcouldbeotherwiseconsiderthatitcouldbeotherwisetouchorhearingtouchorhearingsightsightsightsightthepotentialtoseethepotentialtoseeusethispotentialusethispotentialhowtoseehowtoseefromculturetoculturefromculturetoculturePerspectivePerspectivedifferentfromnearbyonesdifferentfromnearbyonestheruleofperspectivetheruleofperspectivewonderwondern.n.afeelingofgreatsurpriseandadmirationafeelingofgreatsurpriseandadmirationcausedbycausedbyseeingorexperiencingthatisstrangeseeingorexperiencingthatisstrangeandnewandnewExamples:Examples:The sight of the Great Wall filled them with wonder.The sight of the Great Wall filled them with wonder.The children watched the magician in silent wonder.The children watched the magician in silent wonder.misfortunemisfortunen.badluckn.badluckExamples:Examples:They had the misfortune to be hit by a violent storm. They had the misfortune to be hit by a violent storm. She bore her misfortunes bravely. She bore her misfortunes bravely. formostofus,thatclear-eyedvisionthattrueinstinctforwhatisbeautifulandawe-inspiringisdimmedandevenlostbeforewereachadulthood.clear-eyed visionclear-eyed vision untainted outlook untainted outlookMore to learnMore to learnformostofus,thatclear-eyedvisionthattrueinstinctforwhatisbeautifulandawe-inspiringisdimmedandevenlostbeforewereachadulthood.that true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiringthat true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiring in apposition to “that clear-eyed vision in apposition to “that clear-eyed vision, a variation , a variation of of the phrase “sense of wonderthe phrase “sense of wonderMore to learnMore to learnformostofus,thatclear-eyedvisionthattrueinstinctforwhatisbeautifulandawe-inspiringisdimmedandevenlostbeforewereachadulthood.ParaphraseParaphrase? ?dimdim v. v. make make (or (or become) become) less less bright bright or or unable unable to to see see clearly clearly 使使使使看不清楚；看不清楚；看不清楚；看不清楚；变变暗淡或模糊暗淡或模糊暗淡或模糊暗淡或模糊 a. a. (of a light) not bright; not easy to see (of a light) not bright; not easy to see 昏暗的；模糊的昏暗的；模糊的昏暗的；模糊的昏暗的；模糊的most of us have little or no more sense of wonder as we grow upExamples:Examples:Old age hasnt dimmed her memory.Old age hasnt dimmed her memory. In In the the middle middle of of the the storm, storm, the the lights lights suddenly suddenly dimmed.dimmed. A dim bulb provides the only light in the hall.A dim bulb provides the only light in the hall. I had only a dim memory of a tall, slender man.I had only a dim memory of a tall, slender man.IfIfI Ihadhadinfluenceinfluencewithwiththetheangelsangelswhowhoarearesupposedsupposedtotopresidepreside overover allallchildren,children,I Iwouldwouldaskask thatthat theirtheirgiftgifttotoeacheachchildchildininthetheworldworldbebeaasensesenseofofwonderwondersoindestructiblethatitwouldlastthroughoutlife.soindestructiblethatitwouldlastthroughoutlife.influencewithsb.influencewithsb. abilityability toto obtainobtain favorablefavorable treatmenttreatment fromfrom sb.,sb.,usu.usu.byby meansmeansofofacquaintance,acquaintance,status,status,wealth,wealth,etc.etc.More to learnMore to learnExamples:Examples:She She has has great great influence influence with with the the manager manager and and could could no no doubt help you.doubt help you.My influence with her is not very strong.My influence with her is not very strong.IfIfI Ihadhadinfluenceinfluencewithwiththetheangelsangelswhowhoarearesupposedsupposedtotopresidepreside overover allallchildren,children,I Iwouldwouldaskask thatthat theirtheirgiftgifttotoeacheachchildchildininthetheworldworldbebeaasensesenseofofwonderwondersoindestructiblethatitwouldlastthroughoutlife.soindestructiblethatitwouldlastthroughoutlife.angelangel天使天使天使天使celestialcelestial beingbeing believedbelieved toto bebe aa messenger,messenger, ororintermediary,intermediary, betweenbetween God,God, oror thethe gods,gods, andandhumankindhumankindininancientancientGreekGreekreligion,religion,ininJudaismJudaismandand Christianity,Christianity, andand inin Islam.Islam. AnAn angelangel cancanfunctionfunction alsoalso asas aa protectiveprotective guardian,guardian, asas aaheavenlywarrior,andevenasacosmicpower.heavenlywarrior,andevenasacosmicpower.More to learnMore to learnIfIfI Ihadhadinfluenceinfluencewithwiththetheangelsangelswhowhoarearesupposedsupposedtotopresidepreside overover allallchildren,children,I Iwouldwouldaskask thatthat theirtheirgiftgifttotoeacheachchildchildininthetheworldworldbebeaasensesenseofofwonderwondersoindestructiblethatitwouldlastthroughoutlife.soindestructiblethatitwouldlastthroughoutlife.presideoverpresideoverbebeheadheadorordirectordirectorof;of;controlcontrolororbeberesponsibleresponsible forfore.g.e.g.Thecitycouncilispresidedoverbythemayor.Thecitycouncilispresidedoverbythemayor.TheThe presentpresent directordirector hashas presidedpresided overover aa rapidrapiddeclineinthefirmsprofitability.declineinthefirmsprofitability.presidepresidevi.vi.bechairman(ataconference,meeting,etc.)bechairman(ataconference,meeting,etc.)e.g.e.g.Thevicepresidentwillpresideattodaysmeeting.Thevicepresidentwillpresideattodaysmeeting.keepalivetheirnaturalsenseofwonderwithoutanysuchgiftfromtheangelsParaphraseParaphrase? ? retain retain their their natural natural sense sense of of wonder wonder as as they they grow grow up up without being given a lasting one by the angelswithout being given a lasting one by the angelsmysterymysteryn.n. somethingsomething impossibleimpossible toto explainexplain becausebecause nonopeopleorpeopleor onlyonlyveryveryfewfewpeoplepeoplehavehavethetheknowledgeknowledgetobeabletotobeabletounderstandit.understandit.Examples:Examples:Despite years of study, sleepwalking remains a mystery.Despite years of study, sleepwalking remains a mystery.It is a mystery to me why she married him in the first place. It is a mystery to me why she married him in the first place. ParentsParentsoftenoftenfeelfeelinadequateinadequatewhenwhenconfrontedconfrontedononthethe oneone handhand withwith thethe eager,eager, sensitivesensitive mindmind ofof aachildchild andand onon thethe otherother withwith aa worldworld ofof complexcomplexphysicalnature.physicalnature.inadequateinadequatea.notgoodenoughinquality,ability,size,etc.a.notgoodenoughinquality,ability,size,etc.More to learnMore to learnExamples:Examples:The safety precautions are totally inadequate.The safety precautions are totally inadequate.I I feel feel inadequate inadequate when when I I walk walk to to Miranda Miranda about about art art because she knows so much. because she knows so much. ParentsParentsoftenoftenfeelfeelinadequateinadequatewhenwhenconfrontedconfrontedononthethe oneone handhand withwith thethe eager,eager, sensitivesensitive mindmind ofof aachildchild andand onon thethe otherother withwith aa worldworld ofof complexcomplexphysicalnature.physicalnature.confrontconfrontvt.vt.standormeetfacetoface;bringfacetofacestandormeetfacetoface;bringfacetofaceMore to learnMore to learnExamples:Examples:Can Can you you think think of of some some typical typical problems problems that that confront confront Chinese learning English?Chinese learning English?When I took office, I was confronted with new guidelines.When I took office, I was confronted with new guidelines.Becca Becca will will have have to to confront confront some some frightening frightening truths truths about about this disease. this disease. ParentsParentsoftenoftenfeelfeelinadequateinadequatewhenwhenconfrontedconfrontedononthethe oneone handhand withwith thethe eager,eager, sensitivesensitive mindmind ofof aachildchild andand onon thethe otherother withwith aa worldworld ofof complexcomplexphysicalnature.physicalnature.physicalphysicala.a. havinghaving materialmaterial existence;existence; ofof oror relatingrelating totomaterialthingsmaterialthingsExamples:Examples:thephysicalworldthephysicalworldAllphysicalobjectsoccupyspace.Allphysicalobjectsoccupyspace.ParaphraseParaphrase? ?Parents Parents often often feel feel somewhat somewhat unable unable to to cope cope with with the the situation situation in in which which children children have have a a keen keen sense sense of of wonder wonder and and are are eager eager to to learn learn about about the the natural natural world world while while parents parents themselves themselves are are not not knowledgeable knowledgeable enough about its complexity.enough about its complexity.inamoodofself-defeatinamoodofself-defeatmoodmood n.n.stateofmindorfeelingsstateofmindorfeelings心境，心境；心情心境，心境；心情心境，心境；心情心境，心境；心情Examples:Examples:Shes in a good mood today.Shes in a good mood today.Hes always in a bad mood on Mondays. Hes always in a bad mood on Mondays. Idioms with “moodIdioms with “mood: :in the mood for (doing) sth. /to do sthin the mood for (doing) sth. /to do sth feeling like doing sth; inclined to do sth. feeling like doing sth; inclined to do sth.in no mood for (doing) sth. /to do sthin no mood for (doing) sth. /to do sth not feeling like doing sth; not inclined to to sth. not feeling like doing sth; not inclined to to sth. Idontevenknowonebirdfromanother!ParaphraseParaphrase? ? I cant even tell the differences between birds.I cant even tell the differences between birds.sincerelysincerelyad.ad.真真真真诚诚地；忠地；忠地；忠地；忠实实地地地地“Sincerely“Sincerelyor“sincerelyyoursor“sincerelyyoursisacommonisacommonwaytowayto endalettertosomeonewhoisnotafriendendalettertosomeonewhoisnotafriendorrelative,orrelative,beforeyousignyourname.beforeyousignyourname.SincereSincerea.freefromfalseness;trueandhonesta.freefromfalseness;trueandhonestExamples:Examples:sincere friendshipsincere friendshipMore than sincere words of support, we need action. More than sincere words of support, we need action. I sincerely hope shes happy with her decision.I sincerely hope shes happy with her decision.nothalfnothalfnotatallnotatallNotNothalfhalfisisusedusedinininformalinformalEnglishEnglishtotoemphasizeemphasizeananopinionorthetruthofastatement.opinionorthetruthofastatement.Examples:Examples:Films these days arent half as good as they used to be.Films these days arent half as good as they used to be.It isnt half cold here in winter. It isnt half cold here in winter. If If facts facts are are the the seeds seeds that that later later produce produce knowledge knowledge and and wisdom, wisdom, then then the the emotions emotions and and the the impressions impressions of of the the senses senses are are the the fertile fertile soil soil in in which the seeds must grow.which the seeds must grow.IfthenIfthen TheTheififthenthenstructurestructureconsistsconsistsnormallynormallyofofthethe firstfirst clauseclause thatthat beginsbegins withwith ifif andand thethesecondsecondstartingstartingwithwiththen.then.TheTheififclauseclauseimpliesimpliesanan assumptionassumption thethe speakerspeaker isis makingmaking whichwhich isisnotnot widelywidely held,held, whilewhile thethe thenthen clauseclause layslays outoutthetheconsequencesconsequencesofofthatthatlinelineofofreasoning.reasoning.TheThestructureismainlyusedinwrittenEnglish.structureismainlyusedinwrittenEnglish.ThenThen usedused inin thethe structurestructure oftenoften meansmeans “in“inthatcasethatcase,“therefore,“therefore,or“asaresult,or“asaresult. .Examples:Examples:If its not on the table, then it will be in the drawer.If its not on the table, then it will be in the drawer.If If any any questions questions do do occur occur to to you, you, then then dont dont hesitate hesitate to to write to us.write to us.If If I I havent havent heard heard from from you you by by Friday, Friday, then then Ill Ill assume assume youre not coming. youre not coming. If we say “yIf we say “y equals “ax3 equals “ax3, then we get a curve like this., then we get a curve like this.More to learnMore to learnIf If facts facts are are the the seeds seeds that that later later produce produce knowledge knowledge and and wisdom, wisdom, then then the the emotions emotions and and the the impressions impressions of of the the senses senses are are the the fertile fertile soil soil in in which the seeds must grow.which the seeds must grow.impressionsofthesensesimpressionsofthesenses thingsthings thatthat oneone receivesreceives byby thethe fivefive powerspowers ofofthebody;generalfeelingsthebody;generalfeelingsMore to learnMore to learnIf If facts facts are are the the seeds seeds that that later later produce produce knowledge knowledge and and wisdom, wisdom, then then the the emotions emotions and and the the impressions impressions of of the the senses senses are are the the fertile fertile soil soil in in which the seeds must grow.which the seeds must grow.Rhetoric:Rhetoric:metaphormetaphor useuse ofof aa wordword oror phrasephrase toto indicateindicate sth.sth.differentdifferentfromfrom( (throughthroughrelatedrelatedininsomesomewaywaytoto)theliteral)theliteralmeaning.meaning. Usage: Usage: (1) A is B(1) A is Be.g. A good book is a good friend.e.g. A good book is a good friend. Experience is the best teacher. Experience is the best teacher.(2) B + of + A(2) B + of + Ae.g. a palace of a housee.g. a palace of a house She has a heart of stone. She has a heart of stone. Translation: Translation: A good tongue is a good weapon.A good tongue is a good weapon.Key: Key: 能言善能言善能言善能言善辩辩是利器是利器是利器是利器Rhetoric:Rhetoric:similesimileuseofcomparisonofonethingwithanotheruseofcomparisonofonethingwithanotherUsage:Usage: AislikeB;AisasBAislikeB;AisasBe.g.Thatsoldierislikealion.e.g.Thatsoldierislikealion.Sheisasbeautifulasaflower.Sheisasbeautifulasaflower.asbraveasalionasbraveasalion anironwillanironwillQuestion:Question: WhichWhich figurefigure ofof speechspeech isis appliedapplied inin thisthissentence,metaphororsimile?sentence,metaphororsimile?Metaphor.Metaphor.Metaphor.arousevt.arousevt.causetobecomeactive;excitecausetobecomeactive;excite唤唤醒；激醒；激醒；激醒；激发发rousevt.rousevt.causetobecomeactive;excite(=arouse)causetobecomeactive;excite(=arouse)唤唤醒；激醒；激醒；激醒；激发发wake(sb.)upwake(sb.)up唤唤醒；使醒来醒；使醒来醒；使醒来醒；使醒来Examples:Examples: He works hard to arouse his students curiosity. He works hard to arouse his students curiosity. When hes roused, he can get very angry.When hes roused, he can get very angry. She roused him from his sleep.She roused him from his sleep.wish for knowledge about the object of ouremotionalresponseParaphraseParaphrase? ?wish wish to to obtain obtain knowledge knowledge about about things things for for which which a a feeling feeling of of sympathy, sympathy, or or pity, pity, or or admiration, admiration, or or love, love, has been aroused.has been aroused.ItItisismoremoreimportantimportanttotopavepavethethewaywayforforchildrenschildrensdesiredesiretotoknowknowthanthantotoputputthemthemononaadietdietofoffactsfactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.theyarenotreadytoassimilate.pavetheway(for)pavetheway(for)createcreateaasituationsituationininwhichwhichsomethingsomethingspecifiedspecifiedispossibleandcanhappenispossibleandcanhappenExamples:Examples: DataDatafromfromthethespacespaceflightflightshouldshouldpavepavethethewaywayforamoredetailedexplorationofMars.foramoredetailedexplorationofMars. Hisworkpavedthewayforthenewtheory.Hisworkpavedthewayforthenewtheory.Translation:Translation:他的他的他的他的经济经济政策政策政策政策为为信息信息信息信息产业产业的的的的扩扩展展展展铺铺平了道路。平了道路。平了道路。平了道路。Key:Key:His His economic economic policies policies paved paved the the way way for for expansion expansion of of information industry.information industry.More to learnMore to learnItItisismoremoreimportantimportanttotopavepavethethewaywayforforchildrenschildrensdesiredesiretotoknowknowthanthantotoputputthemthemononaadietdietofoffactsfactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.theyarenotreadytoassimilate.assimilateassimilatevt.vt.taketakeininandandmakemakeaapartpartofofoneself;oneself;absorbabsorb 使使使使同化；吸收同化；吸收同化；吸收同化；吸收Examples:Examples: TheThe assimilationassimilation ofof immigrantsimmigrants ( (移移移移 民民民民 ) ) intointoAmericanAmericancultureculturehashasbeenbeenaaconstantconstantfeaturefeatureofofUShistory.UShistory.ParaphraseParaphrase? ?It It is is more more important important to to prepare prepare the the children children by by arousing arousing their their sense sense of of wonder wonder than than to to feed feed them them with with a lot of facts which they are not ready to take in. a lot of facts which they are not ready to take in. atonesdisposalatonesdisposalavailableforonetouseasonewhishesavailableforonetouseasonewhishes供恣意运供恣意运供恣意运供恣意运用；用；用；用； 可自行支配可自行支配可自行支配可自行支配Examples:Examples: I dont have a car at my disposal.I dont have a car at my disposal. If you want some help preparing for the party I can be at If you want some help preparing for the party I can be at your disposal all day. your disposal all day. disposevt.disposevt.putinplace;setinreadinessputinplace;setinreadiness布置布置布置布置; ;配置配置配置配置causetohaveatendency(todosth.)causetohaveatendency(todosth.)使有使有使有使有倾倾向向向向; ;使情使情使情使情愿愿愿愿(of)getridof(of)getridof去除去除去除去除; ;去掉去掉去掉去掉Examples:Examples: Theconductordisposedthesingersinasemi-Theconductordisposedthesingersinasemi-circle.circle. Hersenseofhumordisposedmetolikeher.Hersenseofhumordisposedmetolikeher. Allthefurniturehasbeendisposedof.Allthefurniturehasbeendisposedof.whateveryourresourceswhateveryourresourcesParaphraseParaphrase? ?Whatever Whatever your your abilities; abilities; whatever whatever stock stock of of knowledge knowledge you haveyou havereleasereleasevt.vt.1.1. givefreedomto(sb.)givefreedomto(sb.)2.2.remove(sth.)fromafixedposition;causeremove(sth.)fromafixedposition;cause(sth.)to(sth.)tomovefreelymovefreelyn.n. freeingorbeingfreedfromsomethingthatfreeingorbeingfreedfromsomethingthatconfinesconfinesExamples:Examples: She gently released herself from his arms.She gently released herself from his arms. He released the brake and the car rolled forward.He released the brake and the car rolled forward. Death is often a welcome release from pain. Death is often a welcome release from pain. thinkofitslongjourneyfromseatoairtoearthParaphraseParaphrase? ?consider consider the the water water cycle, cycle, the the long long process process of of how how water water from from the the sea sea changes changes into into vapor vapor in in the the air, air, falls falls upon upon land land through through precipitation, precipitation, and and flows flows ultimately ultimately back back into the sea into the sea WaterCycleWaterCycleNatural Natural Selection, Selection, the the foundation foundation concept concept supporting supporting the the theory theory of of evolution, evolution, is is the the process process by by which which environmental environmental effects effects lead lead to to varying varying degrees degrees of of reproductive reproductive success success in in individuals individuals and and groups groups of of organisms. organisms. This This revolutionary revolutionary theory theory was was developed developed by by Charles Charles Darwin Darwin and and published published in in 1859 1859 in in his his now now famous famous treatise treatise On On the the Origin Origin of of Species Species by by Means Means of of Natural Selection.Natural Selection.Darwin,CharlesRobertDarwin,CharlesRobert(1809-1882)(1809-1882)达达达达尔尔文文文文embodyembodyvt.vt.represent(aquality,idea,etc.)inaphysicalformrepresent(aquality,idea,etc.)inaphysicalform表表表表达；使达；使达；使达；使详细详细化化化化contain,includecontain,include包含包含包含包含Examples:Examples: To me he embodies all the best qualities of a teacher.To me he embodies all the best qualities of a teacher. The latest computer model embodies many new features. The latest computer model embodies many new features. ponderthemysteryofagrowingseedponderthemysteryofagrowingseedponderponder v. v. think think about about (sth.) (sth.) carefully carefully and and for for a a long long time, time, esp. esp. in trying to reach a decision; considerin trying to reach a decision; considerExamples:Examples: You have pondered long enough; it is time to decide.You have pondered long enough; it is time to decide. I am pondering how to respond. I am pondering how to respond. Mary pondered bitterly (on/ over) the meaning of life. Mary pondered bitterly (on/ over) the meaning of life. ParaphraseParaphrase? ? consider consider the the inexplicable inexplicable process process of of a a seed seed growing growing into a plantinto a plantamatterofsth./doingsth.amatterofsth./doingsth.aquestionof;aninstanceoracaseofaquestionof;aninstanceoracaseof 一个一个一个一个的的的的问题问题； 一件一件一件一件的事的事的事的事Examples:Examples: Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience. Success Success in in business business is is simply simply a a matter matter of of knowing knowing when when to take a chance.to take a chance.beopento(anidea,etc.)beopento(anidea,etc.)bereadyandwillingtoacceptandtotryandbereadyandwillingtoacceptandtotryandunderstandorconsider(andidea,etc.)understandorconsider(andidea,etc.)Examples:Examples: We are open to suggestions.We are open to suggestions. We havent decided on a price, but were open to offers.We havent decided on a price, but were open to offers.withsuchunseeingeyeswithsuchunseeingeyesParaphraseParaphrase ? ?without noticing themwithout noticing themThoseThosewhowhodwell,dwell,asasscientistsscientistsororlaypeople,laypeople,amongamongthebeautiesandmysteriesoftheearththebeautiesandmysteriesoftheearthdwelldwell vi. vi. live (in a place or in a particular way) live (in a place or in a particular way)Example:Example: She dwelt in South Africa for ten years.She dwelt in South Africa for ten years.dwell on/upon dwell on/upon think or talk about (sth.) a lot of the time think or talk about (sth.) a lot of the timeExample:Example: Lets not dwell on your past mistakes. Lets not dwell on your past mistakes. ParaphraseParaphrase? ?those those people, people, whether whether they they are are scientists scientists or or non-non-scientists, scientists, who who live live in in a a world world full full of of beauties beauties and and mysteries. mysteries. contemplatecontemplatev.spendtimeconsidering(apossiblefuturev.spendtimeconsidering(apossiblefutureaction),oraction),ortotoconsider(oneparticularthing)foraconsider(oneparticularthing)foralongtimeinalongtimeinaseriouswayseriouswayExamples:Examples: She stood there contemplating the painting.She stood there contemplating the painting. The The owner owner of of the the team team contemplated contemplated moving moving his his football football club to another city. club to another city. ThereThereisissymbolicsymbolicasaswellwellasasactualactualbeautybeautyininthethemigrationmigration ofof thethe birds,birds, thethe ebbebb andand flowflow ofof thethetides,thefoldedbudreadyforthespring.tides,thefoldedbudreadyforthespring.Question:Question:What What do do you you think think is is the the symbolic symbolic beauty beauty in in the the migration migration of of the the birds, birds, the the ebb ebb and and flow flow of of the the tides, tides, the the folded folded bud bud ready ready for the spring ?for the spring ?ThereThere isis somethingsomething infinitelyinfinitely healinghealing inin thetherepeatedrepeated refrainsrefrains ofof naturenature thethe assuranceassurance thatthatdawncomesafternight,andspringafterthewinter.dawncomesafternight,andspringafterthewinter.Translation:Translation:? ?在在大大自自然然反反反反复复复复的的循循环环中中，有有一一种种具具有有无无限限的的治治愈愈力力的的东东西西黑黑夜夜过过后后是是黎黎明明，冬冬天天过过后后是是春春天天的的这这一保一保证证。healheal v.v.makeorbecomehealthyorwholeagainmakeorbecomehealthyorwholeagain“Heal“Heal commonlycommonly suggestssuggests aa restoringrestoring totosoundnesssoundness ofof anan affectedaffected partpart afterafter aa woundwound ororsore.sore.Examples:Examples: Hiswoundswereslowtoheal.Hiswoundswereslowtoheal. Aspeopleage,theytendtohealmoreslowly.Aspeopleage,theytendtohealmoreslowly.inpossessionofinpossessionof占有；占据占有；占据占有；占据占有；占据Ifsomeoneisinpossessionofsomething,theyIfsomeoneisinpossessionofsomething,theyhaveit,haveit,esp.somethingvaluableorimportantoresp.somethingvaluableorimportantorsomethingsomethingtheywerenotexpectedtohave.theywerenotexpectedtohave.Examples:Examples: He is in possession of a large fortune.He is in possession of a large fortune. Their Their opponents opponents ( (对对手手手手) ) were were in in possession possession of of the the ball ball for most of the match. for most of the match. concerningconcerningprep.(fml.)about;withregardto;inconnectionprep.(fml.)about;withregardto;inconnectionwithwith关于关于关于关于Examples:Examples: If If you you have have any any information information concerning concerning the the incident, incident, please contact the police. please contact the police. I spoke to him concerning his behavior.I spoke to him concerning his behavior.anincurableromanticanincurableromanticQuestion:Question:Can Can you you figure figure out out the the meaning meaning of of the the word word “incurable“incurable? ?inincurecureableableKey:Key:incurableincurableTranslation:Translation:? ?一个不可救一个不可救药药的浪漫主的浪漫主义义者者 hehadnotmuchlongertoenjoytheearthlyscenehehadnotmuchlongertoenjoytheearthlysceneParaphrase:Paraphrase:? ?he he was was not not going going to to live live much much longer longer to to enjoy enjoy human human lifelifesustainvt.sustainvt.bear(weight)withoutbreakingorfalling:supportbear(weight)withoutbreakingorfalling:support接接接接受住；支撑受住；支撑受住；支撑受住；支撑keepaliveorinexistencekeepaliveorinexistence 维维持生命或存在持生命或存在持生命或存在持生命或存在Examples:Examples: Will this shelf sustain the weight of all these books?Will this shelf sustain the weight of all these books? There must be enough oxygen (There must be enough oxygen (氧气氧气氧气氧气) to sustain life.) to sustain life.astoastowithregardto;aboutwithregardto;aboutExamples:Examples: As As to to correcting correcting our our homework, homework, the the teacher teacher always always makes us do it ourselves. makes us do it ourselves. There There There There are are are are no no no no special special special special rules rules rules rules as as as as to to to to what what what what clothes clothes clothes clothes you should wear.you should wear.you should wear.you should wear.Unit 3 ExercisesUnit 3 Exercises Comprehension VocabularyListeningTheSenseofTheSenseofWonderWonderExercises ComprehensionExercises Comprehension: Ex. II, p. 641.1.WhatWhatisisthethegiftgiftthetheauthorauthorwouldwouldlikelikeallallchildrenchildrentotohave?have?2.2.2.2. WhatWhat causescauses parentsparents toto feelfeel inadequateinadequate whenwhentheythey wishwish toto helphelp aa childchild discoverdiscover thethe worldworld ofofnature?nature?Answer the following questions:Asenseofwonderthatlastsalltheirlives.Asenseofwonderthatlastsalltheirlives.TheirTheirfeelingfeelingthatthattheytheyknowknowtootoolittlelittleaboutaboutnature.nature.Exercises ComprehensionExercises Comprehension3.3.WhyWhy doesdoes thethe authorauthor considerconsider feelingfeeling moremoreimportantimportant thanthan knowledgeknowledge forfor childrenchildren andand thetheparentswhoseektoguidethem?parentswhoseektoguidethem?Answer the following questions:Exercises ComprehensionExercises ComprehensionBecauseBecauseonceoncethetheemotionsemotionshavehavebeenbeenaroused,aroused,thenthenwewewishwishforforknowledgeknowledgeaboutaboutthetheobjectobjectofofourouremotionalemotionalresponse.response.AndAndonceoncefound,found,suchsuchknowledgeknowledge hashas farfar moremore lastinglasting meaningmeaning thanthanmereinformation.mereinformation.4.4. WhatWhat suggestionssuggestions doesdoes thethe authorauthor havehave forforparentsparents whowho knowknow littlelittle aboutabout nature?nature? AndAnd whatwhatsuggestionsforcity-dwellers?suggestionsforcity-dwellers?Answer the following questions:Exercises ComprehensionExercises ComprehensionTheyTheycancanstillstilllooklookupupatatthethesky,sky,listenlistentotothethewind,wind,feelfeelthetherainrainonontheirtheirfacefaceandandcontemplatecontemplate thethe perfumeperfume andand flavorflavor ofof aa fruit.fruit.City-dwellersCity-dwellers cancan findfindaa parkpark oror aa golfgolfcoursecoursewherewheretheytheycancanobserveobservethethemigrationsmigrationsofofbirdsbirdsandandthethechangingchangingseasons,seasons,ororplantplantaaseedseedininaapotinthekitchenwindow.potinthekitchenwindow.5.5.WhatWhat doesdoes thethe authorauthor meanmean byby “opening“opening upup thethediscusseddiscussed channelschannels ofof youryour sensessenses (Para.(Para. 5)?5)?WhatWhat suggestionssuggestions doesdoes sheshe offeroffer forfor achievingachievingthis?this?Answer the following questions:Exercises ComprehensionExercises ComprehensionSheShe meansmeans payingpaying moremore attentionattention toto thethesensationssensations andand informationinformation wewe getget fromfrom ouroursenses.senses. SheShe suggestssuggests thatthat wewe askask ourselves:ourselves:“What“What ifif I I hadhad nevernever seesee thisthis before?before? WhatWhat ifif I IknewIwouldneverseeitagain?knewIwouldneverseeitagain?6.6. HowHowdoesdoesthetheauthorauthoransweranswerthetherhetoricalrhetoricalquestionssheasksinparagraph6?questionssheasksinparagraph6?Answer the following questions:Exercises ComprehensionExercises ComprehensionSheShe answersanswers thethe secondsecond questionquestion first:first: “Is“Is thetheexplorationexplorationofofthethenaturalnaturalworldworldjustjustaapleasantpleasantwaywaytotopasspassthethegoldengoldenhourshoursofofchildhoodchildhoodororisistheretheresomethingsomething deeper?deeper? SheShe isis “sure“sure therethere isissomethingsomething muchmuch deeper,deeper, somethingsomething lastinglasting andandsignificant.significant. TheThe valuevalue sheshe seessees inin itit isis innerinnerpeace,peace, strengthstrength andand satisfactionsatisfaction asas outlinedoutlined ininParagraph7.Paragraph7.Answer the following questions:Exercises ComprehensionExercises Comprehension7.7.WhatWhat doesdoes sheshe meanmean byby “the“the repeatedrepeated refrainsrefrains ofofnaturenature (Para.(Para.7)?7)?WhatWhatkindkindofof“healing“healing isissheshereferringto?referringto?8.8.WhydoesthewriterbringupOttoPettersson?WhydoesthewriterbringupOttoPettersson?SheShe isis referringreferring toto thethe repeatingrepeating cyclescycles ofofnature,andtoemotional/spiritualhealing.nature,andtoemotional/spiritualhealing.AsAsananexampleexampleofofaapersonpersonwhowhoneverneverlostlosthishissenseofwonder.senseofwonder.Answer the following questions:Exercises ComprehensionExercises Comprehension9.9. WhatWhatdoesdoesthethephrasephrase“when“whenheherealizedrealizedhehehadhadnotnotmuchmuchlongerlongertotoenjoyenjoythetheearthlyearthlyscenescene (Para.(Para.9)9)mean?mean?10.10.HowHowisisPetterssonsPetterssonsstatementstatementtotohishissonsonconnectedconnectedwiththemainsubjectofthetext?withthemainsubjectofthetext?HisHisstatementstatement showsshowsthatthathishissensesense ofofwonderwonderextendseventodeathitself.extendseventodeathitself.Whenherealizedhewasgoingtodiesoon.Whenherealizedhewasgoingtodiesoon.Exercises VocabularyExercises VocabularyVocabularyEx. IIIEx. IV: Ex. III, p. 65Exercises VocabularyExercises Vocabulary1.1. ColorsColors oftenoften havehave _ meaningsmeanings thatthat varyvaryfromculturetoculture.fromculturetoculture.2.2. AllAllthetheyearsyearsthatthathavehavepassedpassedhavehavenotnot_mymemoryofourfirstgloriousautumnin.mymemoryofourfirstgloriousautumnin.III.Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithoneof the words given below. Change the form wherenecessary.symbolicdimmedExercises VocabularyExercises Vocabularyarousearouse assimilateassimilatesymbolicsymbolicponder ponder misfortunemisfortunekeenkeen dimdimconcerningconcerningmoodmoodconfrontconfrontrecognitionrecognitionheal heal 3. Hismostrecentessayfocusesontheproblemsthatpeople_ineverydaylives.4. His failure in business was due not so much to_astohisownmistakes.III.Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithoneof the words given below. Change the form wherenecessary.confrontmisfortunearousearouse assimilateassimilatesymbolicsymbolicponder ponder misfortunemisfortunekeenkeen dimdimconcerningconcerningmoodmoodconfrontconfrontrecognitionrecognitionheal heal Exercises VocabularyExercises Vocabulary5.5.IfIfyouyouhavehaveanyanyquestionsquestions_ourourproducts,products,pleaseplease feelfeel freefree toto contactcontact ourour customercustomer serviceservicedepartment.department.6.6. MyMy bosssbosss _ changechange veryvery quickly;quickly; oneonemomentmomenthesheslight-heartedlight-heartedandandcheerful,cheerful,andandthethenextnexthehateseverythingandeverybody.hehateseverythingandeverybody.III.Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithoneof the words given below. Change the form wherenecessary.concerningmoodsExercises VocabularyExercises Vocabularyarousearouse assimilateassimilatesymbolicsymbolicponder ponder misfortunemisfortunekeenkeen dimdimconcerningconcerningmoodmoodconfrontconfrontrecognitionrecognitionheal heal 7. Christyisbright,creativeandquickto_newideas.8. Shelovestositonthehillaloneatnight,gazingatthestarsand_theirinterestinchallengingtasks.III.Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithoneof the words given below. Change the form wherenecessary.assimilateponderingExercises VocabularyExercises Vocabularyarousearouse assimilateassimilatesymbolicsymbolicponder ponder misfortunemisfortunekeenkeen dimdimconcerningconcerningmoodmoodconfrontconfrontrecognitionrecognitionheal heal 9.9. Theseeducationaltoysgivechildrenafeelingofself-Theseeducationaltoysgivechildrenafeelingofself-worthby_theirinterestinchallengingworthby_theirinterestinchallengingtasks.tasks.10.10.Despitewidespreadpublic_oftheDespitewidespreadpublic_oftheworseningairqualityintheseareas,littlehasbeenworseningairqualityintheseareas,littlehasbeendonetocontrolairpollution.donetocontrolairpollution.III.Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithoneof the words given below. Change the form wherenecessary.arousingrecognitionExercises VocabularyExercises Vocabularyarousearouse assimilateassimilatesymbolicsymbolicponder ponder misfortunemisfortunekeenkeen dimdimconcerningconcerningmoodmoodconfrontconfrontrecognitionrecognitionheal heal 11.11.TheThehumanhumanbodybodyhashasgreatgreatself-_self-_powers,powers,andandsometimessometimesallallititneedsneedstotoovercomeovercomeaamildmildillnessillnessisrestandahealthydiet.isrestandahealthydiet.12.12.DogsDogs andand wolveswolves onon theirtheir _ sensesense ofofsmelltofindfoodandrecognizedanger.smelltofindfoodandrecognizedanger.III.Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithoneof the words given below. Change the form wherenecessary.healingkeenExercises VocabularyExercises Vocabularyarousearouse assimilateassimilatesymbolicsymbolicponder ponder misfortunemisfortunekeenkeen dimdimconcerningconcerningmoodmoodconfrontconfrontrecognitionrecognitionheal heal : Ex. IV, p.65Exercises VocabularyExercises VocabularyIV.IV.ReplaceReplace thethe underlinedunderlined wordswords inin thethe followingfollowingsentencessentenceswithwithphrasesphrasesororexpressionsexpressionsfromfromthethetexttextthatthatbestbestkeepkeepthetheoriginaloriginalmeaning.meaning.BeBesuresuretotomakemakeanyothernecessarychangesaswell.anyothernecessarychangesaswell.1.1. MuchMuchasasparentsparentsmightmightdesire,desire,therethereisisnonosuchsuchthingthingas“theperfectschoolas“theperfectschoolforanychild.foranychild.2.2. TheThe inventioninvention ofof thethe steamsteam engineengine servedserved asaspreparationforthedevelopmentofindustry.preparationforthedevelopmentofindustry.Exercises VocabularyExercises VocabularywishforwishforpavedthewayforpavedthewayforIV.IV.ReplaceReplace thethe underlinedunderlined wordswords inin thethe followingfollowingsentencessentenceswithwithphrasesphrasesororexpressionsexpressionsfromfromthethetexttextthatthatbestbestkeepkeepthetheoriginaloriginalmeaning.meaning.BeBesuresuretotomakemakeanyothernecessarychangesaswell.anyothernecessarychangesaswell.3.3. HavingHaving soldsold thethe house,house, JimJim hadhad aa largelarge sumsum ofofmoneytodowhathewantedwith.moneytodowhathewantedwith.4.4. BobBob waswas veryvery uncertainuncertain aboutabout hishis realreal feelingsfeelings forforBeth.Beth.Exercises VocabularyExercises VocabularyathisdisposalathisdisposalastoastoIV.IV.ReplaceReplace thethe underlinedunderlined wordswords inin thethe followingfollowingsentencessentenceswithwithphrasesphrasesororexpressionsexpressionsfromfromthethetexttextthatthatbestbestkeepkeepthetheoriginaloriginalmeaning.meaning.BeBesuresuretotomakemakeanyothernecessarychangesaswell.anyothernecessarychangesaswell.5.5. AsAsthethedirectordirectorisisawayawayononaabusinessbusinesstrip,trip,IllIllbebeininchargeofthemeetingthisafternoon.chargeofthemeetingthisafternoon.6.6. RecentRecentresearchresearchhashasmademadenewnewpossibilitiespossibilitiesavailableforthetreatmentofcancer.availableforthetreatmentofcancer.7.7. AlthoughAlthough heshes almostalmost ninety,ninety, ProfessorProfessor AdlerAdler stillstillhasallhisfaculties.hasallhisfaculties.Exercises VocabularyExercises Vocabularypresideoverpresideoveropenedupopenedupis(still)inpossessionofis(still)inpossessionofExercises ListeningExercises ListeningPart 2.2; p. 32TheThepassagepassageyoureyoureaboutabouttotohearhearisisfromfromaalecturelecturecalledcalled“TheSensesoftheMind“TheSensesoftheMind. .the minds eye:the minds eye:_synesthesia:synesthesia:_Exercises ListeningExercises ListeningI. I.TheThelecturelectureincludesincludesaadefinitiondefinitionofofsomesomenewnewterms.terms.AsAs youyou listenlisten toto thethe firstfirst time,time, focusfocus onon thethedefinitionsdefinitions thatthat thethe speakerspeaker givesgives forfor thesethese termstermsandputthemdown.andputthemdown.The The faculty faculty that that lets lets us us see see things things in in our our minds minds that that weve never seen with our physical eyesweve never seen with our physical eyesa a state state or or condition condition in in which which the the senses senses mix mix together, together, often with wonderful effects.often with wonderful effects.Exercises ListeningExercises ListeningII.II.ListenListentotothethepassagepassageagainagainandandfindfindanswersanswerstotothethefollowingquestions.followingquestions.1.Whatdoweusuallythinkofsenseas?2.Whatisthemindseye?3.What examples does the speaker give to illustratethe minds ear, the minds tongue and the mindsnose?4.4. Whydontwetalkorthinkaboutthemindsear,themindstastebuds,themindssenseoftouchandsmell?5.Whatissynestheia?6.6. Whatdoesthespeakertellusaboutsomeluckypeople?Check-upCheck-upExercises ListeningExercises Listening1.Whatdoweusuallythinkofsenseas?2. Whatisthemindseye? WeWe normallynormally thinkthink ofof sensessenses asas asas channelschannels forforreceivinginformationaboutoutsidereality.receivinginformationaboutoutsidereality. TheThe mindsminds eyeeye refersrefers toto thethe facultyfaculty thatthat letslets usus seeseethingsthings inin ourour mindsminds thatthat weveweve nevernever seenseen withwith ourourphysicaleyesphysicaleyesExercises ListeningExercises Listening3. What examples does the speaker give to illustratethe minds ear, the minds tongue and the mindsnose?4. Whydontwetalkorthinkaboutthemindsear,theminds taste buds, the minds sense of touch andsmell? aa composercomposer atat work,work, creativecreative cooks,cooks, makersmakers ofofperfumesperfumes Whatisyouridea?Whatisyouridea?Exercises ListeningExercises Listening5. Whatissynestheia?6. What does the speaker tell us about some luckypeople? ItIt isis aa statestate oror conditioncondition inin whichwhich thethe sensessenses mixmixtogether,oftenwithwonderfuleffectstogether,oftenwithwonderfuleffects ForForthesethesepeople,people,colorscolorsmaymayhavehaveflavors,flavors,ororsmellssmellsmayhaveshapes,orsoundsmayhavecolors.mayhaveshapes,orsoundsmayhavecolors.ScriptScriptExercises ListeningExercises ListeningGoodevening,ladiesandgentlemenwelcometoGoodevening,ladiesandgentlemenwelcometoourlectureon“TheSensesoftheMindourlectureon“TheSensesoftheMind.Wenormally.Wenormallythinkofsensesaschannelsforreceivinginformationthinkofsensesaschannelsforreceivinginformationaboutoutsiderealitydatathatstransmittedtotheaboutoutsiderealitydatathatstransmittedtothebraintobeprocessed.Buttherearealsosensesthatbraintobeprocessed.Buttherearealsosensesthatexistwithinourminds.Wereallfamiliarwiththetermexistwithinourminds.Wereallfamiliarwiththetermthemindseyethefacultythatletsusseethingsinthemindseyethefacultythatletsusseethingsinourmindsthatweveneverseenwithourphysicaleyes.ourmindsthatweveneverseenwithourphysicaleyes.Butweseldomtalkaboutthemindsear,themindsButweseldomtalkaboutthemindsear,themindstastebuds,themindssenseoftouchandsmell.Whyistastebuds,themindssenseoftouchandsmell.Whyisthis?Therearepeoplewhomakegreatuseofmindsthis?Therearepeoplewhomakegreatuseofmindssensessensesthinkthinkofofaacomposercomposeratatwork,work,focusedfocusedononsoundssoundsnonooneoneelseelse cancan hear.hear. CreativeCreative cookscooks tastetaste imaginaryimaginary flavorsflavorswithwiththeirtheir“minds“mindstonguetongue; ;makersmakersofofperfumesperfumessmellsmellfantasyfantasy odorsodors withwith theirtheir “minds“minds nosenose . . WhatWhatimaginaryimaginary sensessenses dodo youyou experience?experience? Yes,Yes, you.you.ResearchResearchshowsshowsthatthatweweallallexperienceexperiencefantasyfantasysenses.senses.LaterLater inin ourour lecturelecture wellwell suggestsuggest somesome simplesimpleexercisesexercises youyou cancan dodo toto gaingain moremore consciousnessconsciousness ofofthethe “sense“sense ofof youryour mindmind. . SomeSome luckylucky peoplepeople alsoalsoexperienceexperiencewhatwhatpsychologistspsychologistscallcallsynesthesia,synesthesia,aastatestateoror conditioncondition inin whichwhich thethe sensessenses mixmix together,together, oftenoftenwithwonderfuleffects.withwonderfuleffects.ForFor thesethese people,people, colorscolors maymay havehave flavors,flavors, oror smellssmellsmaymay havehave shapes,shapes, oror soundssounds maymay havehave colors.colors. SomeSomepsychologistspsychologists saysay thatthat inin factfact wewe allall havehave thethe giftgift ofofsynesthesia,synesthesia,butbutthatthatmostmostofofusushavehavebeenbeenconditionedconditionedtotoignoreignoreit.it.AndAndininourourlecturelecturetonight,tonight,youllyoulllearnlearnsomesomesimplesimplestepsstepsthatthatcancanhelphelpyouyourevivereviveyouryourownowngiftgiftofofsynesthesia.synesthesia.1.1.ReviewTextAReviewTextA2.2.Doexercises:Doexercises: StructureStructure (Ex.IX.pp.68)(Ex.IX.pp.68) ClozeCloze(Ex.X.pp.68)(Ex.X.pp.68) Translation(Ex.XI.XIIpp.69)Translation(Ex.XI.XIIpp.69)3.3.StructuredWriting(p.71)StructuredWriting(p.71)AssignmentAssignment