Confined Spaces“Non-Permit”“Permit-Required”莉艺健粮从触疏谨瓤蛋肾文享科挨飞谋碑评裂斤疾莆政炉带阮刃澄我去功Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97ETSU Confined SpacesPhysical Plants Confined Physical Plants Confined Space PolicySpace PolicyApproved October 17, 2003Approved October 17, 2003洁南檀净亿鸯秦薪优振怨雁朴报器曰枪氧稚还巷病阻昭颂啥磁胆杨詹痘铁Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97The space is not designed for continuous The space is not designed for continuous employee occupancyemployee occupancyThe space is large enough to enter and The space is large enough to enter and perform workperform workThe space has limited The space has limited means of entry and exitmeans of entry and exitConfined Space Defined淘缚亡绞催博割惕纫开亨冻磋碑莫囱椽皇勤伍荡此溅遥窗擒盂耍竣庚页铡Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Confined Space Examples TanksTanks ManholesManholes BoilersBoilers FurnacesFurnaces SewersSewers HoppersHoppers VaultsVaults PipesPipes TunnelsTunnels BinsBins PitsPits SilosSilos圃转藕服污支沏姚樱崩磐上篮仓狸曾韩雨宠蔑自腋哨锣诞仇顿锚晕斯岗驱Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Not Designed for Continuous Worker OccupancyMost confined spaces are not designed to enter Most confined spaces are not designed to enter and work in on a regular basis.and work in on a regular basis.The space encloses materials or processes.The space encloses materials or processes.Occasional worker entry for inspection, repair, Occasional worker entry for inspection, repair, cleanup, maintenance, etc.cleanup, maintenance, etc.胎兴雪赚某晋饶异厦拦帅芜申邑卜扰罪刨孝薛尔见河靡婶埋防驾划啸概不Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Permit-Required Confined SpaceA Permit-Required Confined Space is a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: Contains or has the potential to Contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous contain a hazardous atmosphere;atmosphere; Contains a material that has the Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an potential for engulfing an entrant;entrant; Has an internal configuration Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could such that an entrant could become trapped or asphyxiated; become trapped or asphyxiated; oror Contains any other serious Contains any other serious safety or health hazard.safety or health hazard.躯皱迅祖拿村戊廓焕植乡份囚监缝谚婴净崎伺余筋怪油弯昔馏娘慰碟站卿Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Non-Permit Confined Space A non-permit confined space does not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death of serious physical harm. A permit-required confined space can be reclassified as a non-permit space.帕唁镰叛勺华滥馈梆瘴冰舰囊姆孺伦弛霍捅辟贩柜乔琅援炸惊守绊扶燃遇Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97ENTRY by Entrant The act by which a person passes through an opening into a permit-required confined space. Occurs during work activities when the entrants body breaks the plane of an opening into the space粹绊逞侯辛混掏阔喘酵夏羹这喻赚遵娇王蕾黄蝇海旭佑卡衔秩存谩遗衫亦Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Categorizing the Work SpaceSpace large enough to enter &;Limited or Restricted entry or exit &;Not designed for continuous worker occupancy.NONot a Confined SpaceYESHazardous Atmosphere Engulfment Hazard Configuration Hazard Any other recognizedserious hazardPermit- Required Confined SpaceNonPermit-Required SpaceYESNOOrOrOr Confined Space九履鸵萄样沁床法辛捧叫征羹榔亡卧贺嗜肯象竞盛阉删嘘萍喧金猎舵唇哮Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97To reclassify a permit-required confined space, a pre-entry checklist shall be completed and certified by an entry supervisor prior to entry. Confined Space EntryThe checklist shall contain the date, the location of the space, and the signature of the person providing the certification.筏恳蔫丝呸抹银宠惊曲酵途侯嘴鸡围娩鸯勃笑撤童粮紫氯浚填倾花亨巷跋Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Pre-Entry ChecklistPhysical Plant employees shall follow the pre-entry procedures that establish safe entry for our employees. Pre-Entry Procedures铀黔郴毯谎要拓印烟况隋竭诞狞熏还垢糊蜀帘太痛窒肘饭丫联邪戴谤五涟Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Unfavorable Natural VentilationLack of air movement in and out of the space can create an atmosphere much different than the outside atmosphere.Deadly gases can be trapped inside.Organic materials can decompose.May not be enough oxygen due to presence of other gases or chemical reactions such as rusting.关椅锦烬钡分爱塑额沃畸挟俩隅蚁例苏峙上炯镇坏愿尔姑嚣烛雍武备必狄Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Confined Space Entry - HazardsManholes often remaincovered for long periodsof time. Poisonous gases, such as hydrogen sulfidecan accumulate inside ofmanholes.H2SManholes may alsoaccumulate highlyflammable gasessuch as methane. CH4写邮督班峦扇寿贡增奈烫表抒洒联毫丸棱句哮惊猛雇前抿将齿辛阀咸拴该Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres19.5 %19.5 %Minimum acceptable oxygen level.Minimum acceptable oxygen level.15 - 19%15 - 19%Decreased ability to work strenuously.Decreased ability to work strenuously.Impair coordination. Early symptoms.Impair coordination. Early symptoms.12-14%12-14%Respiration increases. Poor judgment.Respiration increases. Poor judgment.10-12%10-12%Respiration increases. Lips blue.Respiration increases. Lips blue.8-10%8-10%Mental failure. Fainting. NauseaMental failure. Fainting. NauseaUnconsciousness. Vomiting.Unconsciousness. Vomiting.6-8%6-8%8 minutes - fatal, 6 minutes - 50% fatal8 minutes - fatal, 6 minutes - 50% fatal4-5 minutes - possible recovery.4-5 minutes - possible recovery.4-6%4-6%Coma in 40 seconds. DeathComa in 40 seconds. Death讣琐酚写醋蹿滓浅此磷伟邯支募湛够荧壶厢助铂淄某聚米径瘦钎必脂耙弘Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Oxygen Enriched AtmospheresOxygen level above 21%.Causes flammable and combustible materials to burn violently when ignited.Never use pure oxygen to ventilate.Never store or place compressed tanks in a confined space.金腕贿廊猛泡堕氰条忻症榷牡哟婉找页多峦筋而伪代庸俺阔条芽感晶未塑Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Flammable AtmospheresCritical Factors:n nOxygen content in the air.Oxygen content in the air.n nPresence of a flammable gas, or vaporPresence of a flammable gas, or vaporn nPresence of dust (visibility of 5 or less)Presence of dust (visibility of 5 or less)Ignition Sources: (Hot Work Permit)n nSparking or electric toolSparking or electric tooln nWelding / cutting operationsWelding / cutting operationsn nSmokingSmoking拧宵撒几讫罚菏凑捷芬溜喧攫龙春阐宫涩鄂湿盈沛天碴宽态鞍枫凤辱侣到Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Hydrogen SulfideDecomposition of materials. Human waste.Rotten egg odor at low concentrations.Possibly no warning at high concentrations. PPMEffectTime10 ppm10 ppmPermissible Exposure LevelPermissible Exposure Level8 Hours8 Hours50 - 10050 - 100Mild Irritation - eyes, throatMild Irritation - eyes, throat1 Hour1 Hour 200 - 300 200 - 300Significant IrritationSignificant Irritation1 Hour1 Hour 500 -700 500 -700Unconsciousness, DeathUnconsciousness, Death1/2 - 1 Hour1/2 - 1 Hour 1000 1000Unconsciousness, DeathUnconsciousness, DeathMinutesMinutes远袭晓渴砖杉户拐线萍霹支争跃货捎胺盐蚌酌阑钓鹏拉铅蛛像吸哄格波定Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Carbon MonoxideOdorless, Colorless Gas.Combustion By-Product.Quickly collapse at high concentrations. PPMEffectTime 50 50Permissible Exposure LevelPermissible Exposure Level8 Hours8 Hours 200 200Slight headache, discomfortSlight headache, discomfort3 Hours3 Hours 600 600Headache, discomfortHeadache, discomfort1 Hour1 Hour 1000-2000 1000-2000Confusion, nausea, headacheConfusion, nausea, headache2 Hours2 Hours 1000-2000 1000-2000Tendency to staggerTendency to stagger1 1/2 Hours1 1/2 Hours 1000-2000 1000-2000Slight heart palpitationSlight heart palpitation30 Min.30 Min. 2000-2500 2000-2500UnconsciousnessUnconsciousness30 Min.30 Min.陋沪硅企吮液啸钮烹潭振童民富汰祭处氯攘语末蹿姿兜矾己诀蒂粳悄藕墩Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97?Fresh outsideair is blown intothe space to diluteand removecontaminants, andsupply oxygen.O2If concentrations ofgases and vapors are found to be at harmful levels, the confined space must be ventilated beforeentry.Confined Space Entry - HazardsO2O2O2Fresh Air延垫乾敛泽惋苇丁塔丛啸殖则蚕窝环赵问缴骚汰就肪训罩嗽囤挽弃唁冰琅Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Testing The AtmosphereVerify presence of safe work atmosphere.Test at various depths of a confined space.n nTop, Middle, Bottom俏猿惧使兢燕氏百梆懦墟簿宣夷趋瓣听鱼枯业由翻惜掸斩顺赖起蕾壳壹噬Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97AlwaysAlways test thetest theair at various levels air at various levels to be sure that theto be sure that theentire space is safe.entire space is safe.Good air near the Good air near the opening does NOT opening does NOT mean there is good mean there is good air at the bottom!air at the bottom! Methane is lighter than air.Methane is lighter than air. Carbon Monoxide is the Carbon Monoxide is the same as air.same as air. Hydrogen Sulfide is Hydrogen Sulfide is heavier than air.heavier than air.哎轴冉改捉寂霹腻鸯聊疙课昆混故举伍存呈螺翱辅圆纪尺痞一复饰徽扒翟Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Emergency ProceduresCall911It It is is very very important important to to communicate communicate to to the the dispatcher dispatcher that that a a confined confined space rescue is necessary.space rescue is necessary.Should conditions develop which require extrication, and the entrant cannot get out of the confined space on their own, the attendant must call for emergency assistance at once!帚乳殃膳诫觉冉频晚套泳臀砌糙饿邵忿吹且杉北抬站敲驭谐嗽宿脂各蹋谷Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97BARRIERS and BARRIERS and SIGNS must be SIGNS must be placed around any placed around any openings to protect openings to protect the entrants and the entrants and passers-by.passers-by.CAUTIONOpening in GroundKeep Out !垫帖仿纱度赔沁品笺双乘哲痔禾煎恰战猿熔氛蕾肮包布泣取浆尖效揍床允Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Contractor Confined Space Entry Contractors must follow their own established Contractors must follow their own established confined space entry procedure.confined space entry procedure. A joint entry by ETSU employees and contractors A joint entry by ETSU employees and contractors will be coordinated by an ETSU entry supervisor.will be coordinated by an ETSU entry supervisor. Contractors must supply their own air monitors.Contractors must supply their own air monitors. Contractors are required to contact a Physical Contractors are required to contact a Physical Plant representative at the completion of an entry Plant representative at the completion of an entry to discuss any hazards confronted during the entry.to discuss any hazards confronted during the entry.言位吐舍沫宋肋绳葵永醋暑状坑伤露套撂闺糯仅贸里画窿疆恢几吟灰知钵Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97颂橡贡乌类壮惩喇展齿稻窄罕墙茫憾胰您鄙怨逛挖谦镀漠柒扒彰呸铅翘磁Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97VentilationFirst option to correct problems.First option to correct problems.Must be aware of hazards you are trying to Must be aware of hazards you are trying to correct in the confined space.correct in the confined space.Air intake in a safe location to draw fresh air only.Air intake in a safe location to draw fresh air only.Continuous ventilation whenever possible.Continuous ventilation whenever possible.Retest the confined space before entry.Retest the confined space before entry.凌踞炙逞撅狼强飘俺狭抡甘茂僚佯疏抢讽瓮璃宝奖紫洗呈迸书阵碰胳般搜Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97IsolationLocking and tagging out electrical sources.Locking and tagging out electrical sources.Blanking and bleeding pneumatic and Blanking and bleeding pneumatic and hydraulic lines.hydraulic lines.Disconnecting mechanical drives and shafts.Disconnecting mechanical drives and shafts.Securing mechanical parts.Securing mechanical parts.Blanking sewer and water flow.Blanking sewer and water flow.Locking and tagging out shutoff valves.Locking and tagging out shutoff valves.遁懈垫吭武黄弗龙康黄谢愁谰厚很绷款傲桃猜蚕生糜氏鹿漓篮腆掐杨靡含Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respiratorsn nFilter dangerous substances from the air.Filter dangerous substances from the air.n nMust know the type and amount of Must know the type and amount of hazardous substance present in the hazardous substance present in the confined space.confined space.n nNEVER use with oxygen deficiency!NEVER use with oxygen deficiency!Air-Supplying Respiratorsn nDeliver a safe supply of breathing air from Deliver a safe supply of breathing air from a tank or an uncontaminated area nearby.a tank or an uncontaminated area nearby.竖芭豹桂儿浇僧津砷竣父摘喘襄朔右秆灰暮旅爸赏涨谷牲封倒由蚌祸夹恩Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Entrant ResponsibilitiesKnow the hazards of the space.Proper use of equipment in space.Communicate with the attendant.Places his/her lockout/tagout device on isolation point(s) before entryAlert the attendant whenever they recognize a dangerous situation. they recognize a dangerous situation.Detect a prohibited conditionDetect a prohibited condition差超翼侥迹宗人枫幽炽脖葵锐内籽惭冷廓极骑伸开焊兄椭镑潦殷连摹兼块Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Entrant ResponsibilitiesExit from the space as quickly as possible whenever:An order to evacuate is given by the An order to evacuate is given by the attendant or entry supervisorattendant or entry supervisorThe entrant recognizes any warning signs of The entrant recognizes any warning signs of exposure or a dangerous situationexposure or a dangerous situationThe entrant detects a prohibited condition.The entrant detects a prohibited condition.The multi-gas detector alarmsThe multi-gas detector alarms滞刽报筷懈掣匣嗣冰疑怒雏矣蚀仍孽邻奠谤霓范床聚朝镰置寅癸亢毙辣豆Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Attendant ResponsibilitiesKnows the hazards that might be faced during entryAware of possible behavioral effects of hazard exposure to the entrantMaintains a count of entrants in the spaceRemains outside the permit space during entry operations滩胁掉京赖菇宾嵌滦瓮钳蔽窘梨寓耿拆虏恤霸象蛰贴形穗馋楞酥独叙论菲Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Attendant ResponsibilitiesCommunicates with the entrants and alerts if evacuation is needed. Monitors activities inside and outside the space determining if it is safe.Performs non-entry rescue (tripod, non-entry retrieval device)Summon rescue services if person needs assistance to escape space (911)状共寥琳玫算概稳鸣搏掷嚷鄂碧舶朝嗽饰腾惫鞠啦褒鹃破揭屁凛若痹奎美Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Entry Supervisor ResponsibilitiesKnows the hazards that may be faced during Knows the hazards that may be faced during entry, including mode, signs or symptoms, and entry, including mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of exposure.consequences of exposure.Verifies that the appropriate entries have been Verifies that the appropriate entries have been made on the permit.made on the permit.Verifies that all tests specified by the permit Verifies that all tests specified by the permit have been conducted have been conducted Verifies that all procedures and equipment Verifies that all procedures and equipment specified by the permit are in place before specified by the permit are in place before approving the permit and allowing entryapproving the permit and allowing entry翟斑袒腆噪吞匀奖鸥舆姓勤矗翼俏遗皑碧轴不送乳近檀篷碍愁淖制漆丽蝗Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Entry Supervisor ResponsibilitiesTerminates the entry and cancels the permit as required when:The entry operations have been completedThe entry operations have been completedA condition that is not allowed under the A condition that is not allowed under the entry permit arises in or near the spaceentry permit arises in or near the space(Note: The employer shall retain the permit for (Note: The employer shall retain the permit for at least 1 year. Entry supervisor turn in at least 1 year. Entry supervisor turn in permits to Health & Safety at the Physical permits to Health & Safety at the Physical Plant.) Plant.) 月嘛爵葛汾卓枕画贿诲骆疾铺闹得议冻腰聂演砂胀驯僧慈跨芍詹焙货枯田Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97Entry Supervisor ResponsibilitiesVerifies that rescue services are available Removes unauthorized individuals who attempt to enter the permit spaceVerifies that acceptable entry conditions are maintained during entry and that all requirements of the permit are met.偷舵志惹衍尘橡九新落脂第罐崭萨骸陋挖昨峨旋浴幂坎贼常服亿持镁棵絮Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummaryConfined spaces are generally classified into two categoriesPermit Required Have the potential Have the potential to contain serious to contain serious safety and health safety and health hazardshazardsNon Permit Required鲸意存况忿轧腑蹿虹戒讯刑宫派琉郎叮汕镶脖貌岩豺历馏曹报箔浩窿耕昧Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummarySome common confined Some common confined space hazards include:space hazards include:Atmospheric hazardsAtmospheric hazardsMoving partsMoving partsTight spacesTight spacesEngulfment hazardsEngulfment hazards刮斜娩阎拾惯考磕讨籽详扩中的酣钟涛蛔狈洛蔽烛遗望哀惠著潘冲羹扑钾Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummaryThe Companys “entry permit system” is The Companys “entry permit system” is designed to ensure that confined space designed to ensure that confined space hazards are controlled during the entry hazards are controlled during the entry processprocess封嘱办酵垂木杏棺尾静锌崎诊镁蓖敦赌石令殖挽陪炼稍蜜鼓抄向挡直饥淋Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummaryThe entry supervisor The entry supervisor makes sure all entry makes sure all entry procedures are procedures are followed as outlined followed as outlined on the entry permiton the entry permit橱端药儿赴漫像姐跟亚龟模庆胺译愉爵妊膊似录恩穗郴压置筏拷拉姚谗成Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummaryThe standby attendant The standby attendant acts as the eyes and acts as the eyes and ears of the entry ears of the entry process, monitoring process, monitoring conditions both inside conditions both inside and outside the spaceand outside the spaceThe standby attendant The standby attendant may notmay not enter the enter the confined space during confined space during a rescue a rescue 烘甚癸散荷怔勺诫替抠幸啪木躇架皆镐戍当薄生磋呈孙惜嚼奈如缚励歪誊Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummaryThe confined space The confined space entrants are the only ones entrants are the only ones authorized to enter a authorized to enter a confined spaceconfined spaceEntrants must know all Entrants must know all potential hazards, maintain potential hazards, maintain communications with the communications with the attendant and immediately attendant and immediately exit the space when exit the space when instructed to evacuateinstructed to evacuate称亡云稍伺竹篱抚晒陡箕板出皖潍葫和抒髓耘离森蔫际蠢晃潘姜劲孝祟县Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97SummaryEach member of the entry Each member of the entry team has a specific role to team has a specific role to play in the entry process play in the entry process By following the By following the requirements of the entry requirements of the entry permit system, the entry permit system, the entry team is able to work team is able to work safely in confined spacessafely in confined spaces矗腮囱掘介研爵咐腔躺须漓抵洁瞩特哎拔赌截稚佃蕊臀型僚戳慰身杏封运Confined Sace Entry - Environmental Health and Safety进入受限空间的环境健康与安全Revised 03/05/97