专升本自考英语（二） 历年真题词汇讲解汇总ability bilti n. 能，能力，本领【历年真题点拨】【09.10/36】能力，能耐 n. a abroad br:d adv. 1.到处；四处传开，流行。2.到国外，在海外。【例句】Hes never been abroad in his life. 他有生以来没有出过国。 He was sent abroad. 他被派到海外。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/36】到国外；在国 ad. a _ _ _ _ _ absolutely bs,lu:tli; ,bslu:tli adv. 1.绝对地；完全地。2.确实地。3.专制地，独裁地。【例句】 an adjective used absolutely 略去后续名词而独立使用的形容词(例： The blind cannot see. 盲人不能看东西。)【历年真题点拨】【09.4/1】We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A.occasionally B.relativelyC.continually D.absolutelyaccompany kmpni; kmpni vt. 1.伴随，陪同；2.为伴奏【例句】The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil. 演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。 The lonely old man is accompanied on the piano by his dog. 这位孤独的老人让他的狗作伴。 All orders must be accompanied with cash. 所有的订货必须随附现金。【历年真题点拨】【09.1/36】陪伴，伴随 vt. a 【07.1066】上周末的音乐会上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的学生担任钢琴伴奏。【04.4/36】伴随，陪同 vt. a alone lun a. 1.单独地；独自；孤独地。2.用在名词或代词后，起限定的作用只，只有；仅仅。【历年真题点拨】【09.10/7】Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal with them.A.lonely B.onlyC.lone D.aloneacceptable kseptbl a. 可接受的；合意的，(礼物等)令人满意的。unacceptable a. 不可接受的；不合意的，令人不满意的。【历年真题点拨】【08.10/62】We regard cheating in exams as totally (acceptable).accomplish v. 完成（某事物） ；做成功；实现【例句】 He is a man who will always accolplish his goal. 他是一个总能实现自己目标的人。【历年真题点拨】【05.4/59】This project (accomplish) by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the basic 【08.7/44】active ktiv a. 1.活动的，有活动力的；2.有生气的，活泼的，灵敏的，敏捷的；主动的，能动的，积极的；有力的，勤勉的；3.现行的，活动中的；【例句】an active demand 畅销。active measures 积极手段。【历年真题点拨】【08.10/36】使活动，使起作用 vt. a according k:rdi adv. 照，依，据，按。according as 照，依照，据，随。according to 照，依照，据，据所说【例句】from each according to his ability, to each according to his work 各尽所能，按劳分配)。accordingly k:rdili adv. 1.因此，于是，所以。2.随着；相应地。【例句】You may arrange accordingly. 你可以权宜处理。【历年真题点拨】【03.4/51】相应地 ad. a_accumulate kju:mj,leit vt./vi. 积累，存储，蓄积(财产等)，堆积accumulated funds 积累的资金。【历年真题点拨】【03.4/55】积累，积聚 v. a_additional dinl; dinl a. 附加的，追加的，另外的【例句】an additional tax 附加税。the additional regulation 补充规定。【历年真题点拨】【02.4/54】附加的；另外的 a. a_adverse dv:s; d,v:s a. 1.逆的 L 反对的，相反的。2.不利的，有害的，不幸的。3.对面的。the adverse page 对面的一页。adverse criticisms 恶评，非难。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/37】相反的；不利的 a. a _ _ _ _ _ _address n. 地址 vt. 1.在上写姓名住址；称呼；向致意。2.给讲话；向演说，向求爱，向献殷勤。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/59】He saw a letter lying on the table _（address）to him.address n. 地址 vt. 1.在上写姓名住址；称呼；向致意。2.给讲话；向演说，向求爱，向献殷勤。 【历年真题点拨】【07.4/59】He saw a letter lying on the table _（address）to him.advance dvns vt. 1.进，推进；促进(生长)，助长；拨进(时针)，增进；提早，提前。2.使升级，提升。【历年真题点拨】【03.10/61】Coffee delays the body clock in the morning, and _ (advance) it at night.Books and friends should be few but good. 读书如交友，应求少而精。advantage dvntid n. 1.利益，裨益；好处。2.优点，长处，优越性，有利方面；优胜，优势。 vt. 有利于，有益于，有助于。【例句】personal advantages 美貌。be of great no advantage to 对大大有利毫无裨益。 gain get, have, win an advantage over of 胜过，优于。 have the advantage 有的利益；比强，胜过；占上风，较有利take advantage of 1. 乘，趁；利用。 2. 欺骗；引诱(女人)。adventure dven n. 1.冒险。2.奇遇。3.【商业】投机。4.冒险性格。vt. 1.以冒险。2.大胆提出，大胆进行。vi. 冒险。【例句】a singular adventure 怪事。go through strange adventures 遍历奇险。adventure ones life on it 拼着性命去干。adventure a proposal 大胆提出建议。【历年真题点拨】【09.1/37】冒险，奇遇 n. a analyze nl,aiz vt.分析【例句】The job involves gathering and tried to analyse his feeling.这项工作包括搜集和分析资料。【历年真题点拨】【03.10/36】分析 v.a_ _ _ _ _ _alarm lm n. 警报，急报;警报器，警铃。a fire alarm 火警【历年真题点拨】【01.4/46】警报 n. a _ _ _ _ alternative :lt :ntiv a. 1. 随便一个的，二中择一的，交替的。2.非传统正统的，另类的。Alternative conjunctions 选择连接词(如： or, nor)。alternative courses (或死或降的)两条路。n. 二者之一，二中选一；交替；可采用的方法；替换物。【例句】Thats the only alternative. 那是唯一可取的办法。No alternative but 除外别无他法(无可奈何，只好)。amount maunt vt. 1.总计，共计，合计 (to)。2.相当于，等于。3.成为 (to)。eg. Their expenses amount to fifty dollars. 他们的消费共计五十元。His answer amounts to a threat. 他的回答等于恐吓。Amount to little not amount to much 没有什么了不起，有限得很，无多大道理。appreciate pri:i:,eit vt. 1.估价，评价，鉴别。2.体会；了解，意识到，懂得。3.欣赏，鉴赏，赏识。【例句】I appreciate your kindness. 多谢厚意。ambition mbin n. 1.抱负，志气，雄心。2.野心，奢望。3.俚语锐气，精力。vt. 热望，想望得到。【例句】Until all is over ambition never dies. 不到黄河心不死。burn with an ambition 野心勃勃。 the height of ones ambition 最高志向。【历年真题点拨】【09.4/3】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only .A.aggression B.advantageC.alternative D.ambitionamplify v. 扩大；详述【例句】He amplified (on) his remarks with a graph showing the latest sales figures. 他用一张标有最新销售数字的图表进一步阐述自己的意见。improvise v. 临时做（无准备的事情） ，临时凑成【例句】 I forgot to bring the words of my speech, so I had to improvise. 我忘了带发言稿，所以我只得临时凑词。 We slept by the road in an improvised shelter. 我们睡在路边临时搭成的棚子里。appear pi:r vi. 1.出现，露出，显现。2.出庭，出场，演出，(在公开场合)露面。3.(书等)出版；发表。5.显得，好像。【例句】appear in public 露面。for reasons that do not appear 用含糊的理由。 He appears to have caught cold. 他似乎是受凉了。appearance pi:rns n. 1.出现；露面，出场，登台。2.出版，刊行。3.外貌，外观；pl. 表面的迹象征兆。【例句】Appearances are deceptive. 外表是靠不住的。 Never judge by appearance. 不要以貌取人。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/61】She had an outward _（appear）, but deep down she was really worried.approximate a.近似的；大约的；接近的。approximately prksmtli adv. 【例句】The journey took approximately seven hours. 旅行大约用了七小时。【历年真题点拨】【08.48】They claim that150 million is to be spent on improvement.A. sufficiently B. approximatelyC. considerably D.properlyapply plai vt. 1.运用，应用(原则)，把运用于。2.专心，致力。 vi. 1.适合；适用。2.申请，请求。3.专心，努力。【例句】Weve applied to the council for a home improvement grant. 我们已向市政府申请改善住房的拨款。appoint v. 任命；约定【例句】 Shes been appointed as sales director. 她被任命为销售部经理。 She wasnt there at the appointed time. 她没有在约定的时间到达。approval pru:vl n. 1.赞成，同意。2.批准；认可。eg.Do not lightly express your approval or disapproval. 不可轻易表示赞成或反对。meet with sb.s approval 得某人赞成。for (sb.s) approval 提请(某人)批准承认；求(某人)指正。【历年真题点拨】【09.7/36】批准；赞成 n.a appoint pint vt. 委派，任命。【历年真题点拨】【09.4/2】This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.【02.4/43】任命 v. a_A.granted B.praisedC.pointed D.appointedappreciation ,pri:i:ein n. 1.评价，鉴别。2.知道，了解。3.鉴赏，欣赏。4.感谢；感激。更多优质自考资料尽在百度贴吧自考乐园俱乐部（http:/tieba.baidu.com/club/5346389）欢迎加入.欢迎交流.止不住的惊喜等着你.【历年真题点拨】【02.4/59】we would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere _(appreciate) of your help.approve pru:v vt. 1.批准，认可 2.赞成，满意approval pru:vl n.【例句】I quite approve of your plan. 我十分赞成你的计划。 He approved himself a good man. 他证实自己是好人。【历年真题点拨】【09.7/36】批准；赞成 n.a 【05.4/65】If only the board (approve) proposal and put it into effect.【03.4/63】The author of the text expresses a strong _(disapprove) of working on and off frequently.approach pru vt. 1.向接近，走近；使接近。2.探讨；看待，对待，处理。【例句】It is wrong to approach a problem from a metaphysical point of view. 用形而上学的观点来看待问题是错误的。【历年真题点拨】【08.44】That proposal is essentially irrelevantthe issue at hand.A.with B.fromC.in D.approachesastronomer strnmi n. 天文学家。【历年真题点拨】【01.4/53】天文学家 n. a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ assignment sainmnt n. 分给，分配；任命；任务，工作；(课外)作业【例句】He left for his assignment in the Middle East. 他去中东赴任。【历年真题点拨】【01.10/42】分配；任务 n. a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _assureu:r vt. 1.保证，担保，确告，郑重宣告。2.使安心，让放心，包。3.使确信。4.给保险。【例句】I assure you of his honesty. (那人)包你老实可靠。 assure ones life 保人寿险。 assure oneself of 弄清楚，查明 I must assure myself of the real situation. 我必须查明真实情况。I assure you that. 包你。assumesu:m vt. 1.执掌；接受；承担，担任。2. 假装，装作的样子，采取(态度)。3.假定，想像，设想；以为先决条件。【例句】 assume office 就职，上任。assume responsibility 负责。assume the reins of government 执政，掌握政权。assume the air of cheerfulness 假装高兴。assume a haughty mien 采取傲然态度。attach t vt. 1.附上，加上(条件等)。2.贴上，系上，缚上。3.使附属，使隶属。【例句】The tourist attached labels to all his bags. 旅游者把他的行李都系上标签。【历年真题点拨】【06.102】The government great importance to intellectual property protection.A.associates B.attaches C.attributes D.approaches【01.4/44】附加，隶属 v. a _ _ _ _attain v. 获得（某事物） ；达到；实现【例句】 He did everything to attain a position of power. 他所做的一切都是为了获得权位。attainment teinmnt n. 1.达到，到达。2.pl. 成就，造诣；学识，才能。【例句】a man of varied attainments 多才多艺的人。a scholar of high attainments 博学之士。【历年真题点拨】【07.1067】那些年轻人尽了全力才达到了他们的目标。【05.4/46】达到，造诣 n. a attribute vt. 1.把(某事)归因于。2.认为系某人所为。【例句】attribute (ones success) to (hard work) 认为(成功)是(努力)的结果。be attributed to 被认为是所为 The play is attributed to Shakespeare. 这剧本被认为是莎士比亚写的。【历年真题点拨】【06.10/2】The government great importance to intellectual property protection.A.associate B.attachesC.attributes D.approachesaggression gren n. 攻击；侵略，侵犯；cultural aggression 文化侵略。economic aggression 经济侵略。commit aggression against (对)进行侵略。【例句】 Such action will advantage our cause. 这样的行动有益于我们的事业。awardw:rd vt. 授与，给与；奖与 award a prize to sb. 授奖品给某人。【例句】award a damage of 1,000 dollars 判定赔偿损失一千美元。【历年真题点拨】【01.4/40】授予；判给 v. a _ _ _ _ birthrate b:,reit n.出生率 a declining birthrate 出生率正在下降【历年真题点拨】【01.4/38】出生率 n. b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ barrier bri: n.障碍；壁垒；界线【01.4/45】障碍 n. b _ _ _ _ _ _【01.4/60】boring b:ri a. 令人厌烦的，无聊的，无趣的。【历年真题点拨】【08.10/37】令人厌烦的 a. b bring bri vt. 1.拿来，带来，携来，取来；引来；使(人)来到；方言陪，护送。2.劝导，劝诱；迫使。【例句】I have brought my umbrella with me. 我带伞来了。 Her scream brought the police. 她的叫声引来了警察。【历年真题点拨】【06.4/59】You had better _ (bring) enough money with you.bias n. 偏见，成见 v. 使有偏见；使倾向一方【例句】 They complained of bias in the way the news media reported the story. 他们投诉新闻传播媒介在报道这一件事的方式上所表现出的偏见。 The judge was biased in favor of the second candidate, who was educated at the same college as himself. 评判人对第二个候选人有偏袒，他们俩在同一所学院受过教育。debate v. 辩论，挑选【例句】There was a long debate in parliament on the question of capital punishment. 关于死刑问题，国会进行了很长时间的辩论。burden n. 担子；负荷 v. 使背负；使苦恼 【例句】 People on high incomes face a huge tax burden. 高收入的人面临巨额税款的重负。 I will not burden you with a lengthy account of what happened. 我不想把事情的经过详加叙述，免得给你增加麻烦。boast bust vi. 夸，自夸；夸耀 (of, about)。 vt. 1.夸，夸耀，夸口说。2.以有而自豪，有可以夸耀的；自负有，自恃有。【例句】She boasted of her familys wealth. 她自夸家里有钱。 The town boasts a fine park. 该城以有一座漂亮的公园而自豪。【历年真题点拨】【09.10/37】吹嘘，自夸 v. b boundary baundri; baundri n. 边界，疆界，限界 (between);(球场)边线；界标；界限，范围，分野。aboundary dispute 边界纠纷。【历年真题点拨】【04.4/37】分界线，边界 n. b bottom btm n. 1.底，底部。2.地基，基础；根底；底细，真相，原因，根源。a.1.底部的；最下层的，最低的。2.最后的；根本的。【历年真题点拨】【09.1/38】底，底部 n. b base beis vt. 把的基础放在()上 (on upon), 以()作为的根据。【例句】base ones arguments upon facts 以事实作论辩根据。basis n. 构成某事的主要原则；基础【例句】Rates of work are calculated on a weekly basis. 工资是以周位计算基准的。【历年真题点拨】【03.4/57】For managers, every decision has constraints _(base) on policies, procedures and laws.bind baind vt. 1.缚，捆，扎，绑；束；裹，卷 (about; around, round)。2.(用绷带)包扎 (up)。vi. 1.(门窗等)开关不灵便；(衣服等)紧身；(义务等)有约束力。2.土、沙、雪等凝固，变硬；(车轮)黏牢不动。3.英口发牢骚。【例句】 bind about ones extraduties 对做额外工作发牢骚。Clay binds to heat. 黏土遇热变硬。be bound for 船开往。be bound to do sth. 有义务，应该，必须，非不可，决心要。n. 1.带子，索子；蔓，葛，藤。【例句】 in a bind 受很大压力，处于困境。【历年真题点拨】【09.7/37】捆，束，把 n.b budget bdt n. 预算，预算 a budget committee 预算委员会【历年真题点拨】【09.4/41】预算 n.b 【01.10/47】预算 n. b _ _ _ _ _cargo kgu cargoes/cargos n.船货；负荷，荷重。ship discharge the cargo 装卸货【历年真题点拨】【02.4/39】货物，船货 n. c_campaign kmpein n. 1.战役。2.竞选运动；运动，游说。vi. 1.从军，出征。2.参加从事(某一)运动。【例句】an advertising campaign 大做广告。a campaign against for . 反对赞成的运动。enter upon a campaign 走上征途；发动运动。go campaigning 1. 从军。 2. 参加(某一)运动。【历年真题点拨】【05.4/48】战役，运动 n. c constant knstnt a. 1.恒定不变的，固定的，稳定的，恒久的；继续不断的。2.不屈不挠的，坚韧的。3.忠实的，有节操的。【例句】be constant in love 忠贞不渝的爱情。constant to ones duty 忠于职守。constantly knstntli adv. 始终；一直；重复不断地【例句】Fashion is constantly changing. 时尚总是日新月异。【历年真题点拨】【52】永恒地；经常地 ad.c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _curiosity ,kju:ri:sti n. 1.好奇心；爱打听的癖好。2.引起好奇心的事物；珍品，古董；奇人。【历年真题点拨】【09.1/8】Children have a natural_about the world around them. A. Certainty B.capabilityC. Cleverness D.curiosityconfuse knfju:z vt. 1.使混乱，弄乱；混淆；弄错。2.使慌乱，使困窘，使狼狈；使糊涂常用被动语态 。confuse accounts 搞乱账目。confuse dates 弄错日期。【历年真题点拨】【05.4/61】Since the author did not to stick to the topic, I found his article very (confuse) and hard to follow.concentrated knsn,treit a. 全神贯注的；全力以赴的；confused knfju:zd a. 糊涂的；迷惑的；不清楚的；confirmed knf:md a. 不愿改变习惯（生活方式的根深蒂固的） ；convinced knvinsd a. 坚信，深信；坚信不移的 【例句】 be convinced of that 确信，深知。be fully convinced 充分相信。【历年真题点拨】【09.1/1】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A. concentrated B. confused C. confirmed D. convincedcomplete kmpli:t a. 1.完全的；圆满的，全面的，全能的。2.完成的，结束的。 vt. 完成，使完满，使完工，完结；配齐，凑满。【例句】This month is now complete. 本月到此结束。 To complete (the sum of) ones misery. 不幸之上再加不幸，祸不单行。【历年真题点拨】【06.4/58】The house is _ (complete) before his brothers wedding ceremony.concerned a. 担心的；关心的；与有关系【例句】 He has never been very concerned about what other people think of him. 他从来不太在乎别人怎么看他。 I am concerned for their happiness. 我很关心他们的幸福。 This story is concerned with a Russian family in the 19th century. 这个故事讲的是 19 世纪一个俄国家庭的事情。consequently knskwntli adv.因此；所以【例句】This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and consequently to human health.这会对农业和食物链造成威胁，由此而危及人的健康。【历年真题点拨】【09.4/58】Most computer users have never received any formal training; (consequence),their skills are limited.cancel knsl vt. 1.划掉，略去，删去。2.注销，盖销；取消，把作废。【历年真题点拨】【09.10/38】取消，删除 v. c crazy kreizi a. 1.摇晃不稳的，破烂的(船、房子等)；古语(身体)虚弱的。2.疯狂的；狂妄的；怪诞的，古怪的；【历年真题点拨】【09.4/44】发疯的；荒唐的 a.c capability ,keipbilti n.1.能力，才能，本领。2.性能；容量；功率，生产率。3.pl.潜在能力。carefree ker,fri: n. 无忧无虑的，快活的。【历年真题点拨】【09.1/38】快乐的，高兴的 a. c circumstance s:km,stns n. 1.常 pl.周围的)情况，情形，环境。2.pl.(人的)境遇，境况。3.(事情的)详情，细节，本末，原委；(一桩)事故，事情，事实。vt. 把置于某种情况下。【07.4/40】环境；境遇 n. c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ceremony ser,muni n. 1.典礼，仪式。2.礼仪，礼节。3.虚礼；客气。a wedding ceremony 结婚仪式。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/39】典礼，仪式 n. c _ _ _ _ _ _ _continually kntinju:li adv.一直；【例句】They argue continually about money.他们没完没了地为钱争吵。convict v.证明（某人）有罪【例句】They were convicted of murder. 他们被判犯有谋杀罪。consume knsu:m vt. 1.消费，消耗，用掉；浪费。2.毁灭，消灭。3.吃光，喝光。4.烧光。 vi. 1.消费掉，用掉，用完。2.烧光；消尽，消灭。3.消磨。4.枯萎；衰萎，憔悴。consumption knsmpn n. 消费(量)；消尽，消耗，灭绝。【例句】The speech was meant for foreign home consumption. 那篇讲话是让国外本国人听的。【历年真题点拨】【08.4/55】消耗，花费 n. e 【07.4.60】The government has taken measures to reduce the total energy _(consume).conversation ,knvsein n. 1.会话，谈话；会谈 (on; about); (人与计算机的)人机对话。2.接交，交往，交际。【例句】conversation goes on stagnates, languishes, stops, revives 会谈正在进行不畅，冷落，停止，重新活跃。 【历年真题点拨】【08.4/62】I think what he said is closely related to the topic of our _(converse).capture kp n. 1.捕获，夺得；【原子能】俘获，掳掠，掠夺。2.俘虏；捕获品，战利品。 vt. 1.俘获，捕获。2.攻夺；取，夺取，夺得(奖品等)；赢得，引起(注意等)。【历年真题点拨】【04.4/38】捕获；夺得 v. c critical kritikl a. 1.批判的，批评的；(在某方面)有鉴定力的 (in)。2.吹毛求疵的；爱挑剔别人的 (of, about)。be critical about 爱挑剔。【历年真题点拨】【02.4/46】批评的，批判的 a. c_concerned a. 担心的；关心的；与有关系【例句】 He has never been very concerned about what other people think of him. 他从来不太在乎别人怎么看他。 I am concerned for their happiness. 我很关心他们的幸福。 This story is concerned with a Russian family in the 19th century. 这个故事讲的是 19 世纪一个俄国家庭的事情。convince v. 使某人确信；使某人明白【例句】 What convinced you to vote for them? 究竟是什么使你愿意投他们的票？ What she said convinced me that I was mistake. 她的一番话使我认识到我错了。convincing knvinsi a. 使人信服的，有说服力的，令人心悦诚服的。a convincing argument 有说服力的论点。更多优质自考资料尽在百度贴吧自考乐园俱乐部（http:/tieba.baidu.com/club/5346389）欢迎加入.欢迎交流.止不住的惊喜等着你.【历年真题点拨】【07.10/60】The mayor gave a speech to call up the citizens against pollution. (convince)compel kmpel vt. 强迫；协迫；使不得不；迫使(服从、沉默等)。【例句】compel tears from ones audience 使观众掉泪。【历年真题点拨】【02.4/45】强迫 v. c_compete kmpi:t vi. 1.竞争 (with; in); 比得上，及得上；匹敌。2.比赛。【例句】There is no book that can compete with this. 没有一本书抵得上这本的。 compete in a race 参加赛跑。compete with against (others) for (a prize) 和(人们)争夺(奖赏)。compete with (sb.) in 和(某人)竞争。【历年真题点拨】【09.4/39】竞争，比赛 n.c convict vt. 1.证明有罪，宣告有罪，定的罪。2.使知罪，使认罪。be convicted of arson 被判决为纵火犯。convict (sb.) of (murder) 判决(某人)有(杀人)罪。【历年真题点拨】【03.4/65】A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after _(convict) of murder.contrary kn,treri a. 1.反对的，相反的；格格不入的，矛盾的，对抗的。2.口语 乖张的，别扭的，执拗的。n. 1.反对；矛盾。on the contrary 反之，正相反。adv. 反对地，相反地。【例句】He looked the contrary way. 他把脸转了过去。be contrary to expectations 出乎意外。 contrary to 跟相反相违背(contrary to his expectation 跟他的预料相反。 act contrary to nature 违反自然常情)。Confidence in yourself is the first 自信是走向成功的第一步。【历年真题点拨】【08.10/40】相反的 a. c cycle saikl n. 1.循环，周期，一转。2.周时，周年，年纪。3.(诗、故事等的)始末。vi. 1.轮转，循环。2.骑自行车三轮车等。vt. 使循环，使轮转。【例句】 the business cycle 商业盛衰的周期性。the life cycle 【生物学】生命周期，生活史。【历年真题点拨】【09.7/38】 （使）循环，流通 v.c conventional a. 传统的；守旧的【例句】After a few conventional opening remarks, he made a brilliant speech. 他在开场白中讲了几句老一套的话以后，随即做了一次非常精彩的演讲。delicious dilis a. 1.美味的，好吃的，可口的。2.美妙的，爽快的；极有趣的。n. D- 美国 “美味”苹果一种冬季的红苹果 。【历年真题点拨】【09.7/39】美味的 a.d damage dmid n. 损害，损伤 a claim for damages 赔偿损失的要求。 vt. 损坏(房屋等)，损伤；毁坏(名誉等) damage ones reputation 毁坏名誉。【历年真题点拨】【03.10/50】伤残的 a.d_ _ _ _ _ _degrade v.贬低；退化；使（化合物）降解【例句】I was very degrading to be punished in front of the whole class. 在全班同学面前受罚是非常丢脸的。depend dipend vi. 1.取决于，因而定，靠，凭 (on; upon)。2.依赖，依靠；信任 (on; upon) 。depend on upon . for 要看，靠供给，赖做【例句】Success depends on upon your own exertions. 成功全靠自己努力。He depends on his pen for his living. 他靠写作吃饭。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/56】Small shops offer products that range from inexpensive to expensive, _ （depend） on the shop.devote divut vt. 1.献(身)，专心致力于，贡献。2.把专用于 (to) 。【例句】He devoted his life to art. 他终生献身艺术。 I dont think we should devote any more time to this question. 我认为我们在这个问题上不应当花费更多的时间了。devotion divun n. 1.信仰，信心；pl.祈祷。2.献身；热诚，忠诚；专心，热心 (to)。3.充作，派用，利用。【例句】He works with greater devotion. 他工作更安心了。 the devotion of ones time to scientific advancement 把个人的时间用于科学的发展。【历年真题点拨】【02.4/47】献身，忠诚 n. d_debate dibeit n. 讨论，争论，辩论。the debates (议会的)讨论报告。hold debate with oneself 独自考虑盘算。 vt./vi. 1.辩论；讨论。2.细想，盘算。debate upon on (a question) 讨论(问题)。【历年真题点拨】【08.10/39】争论，辩论 n. d density densti n. 1.稠密；浓厚。2.愚钝，昏庸。the density of population 人口密度。【历年真题点拨】【07.4/41】密集度，稠密度n. d _ _ _ _ _ _despite prep. 尽管；不管【例句】Demand for these cars is high, despite their high price. 尽管这些汽车价格昂贵，对它们的需求仍然很高。【历年真题点拨】【07/.4/67】他尽管病得很重，但还是参加了会议。doubtful dautfl a. 1.怀疑的，拿不准的，不太相信的 (of; about)。2.可疑的，有疑问的；未必好的。3.含糊的，暧昧的。4.难以预料的，未定局的。【例句】He is doubtful of about the news. 他怀疑那个消息不尽可靠。【历年真题点拨】【07.10/55】怀疑的，可疑的 a. d_ _ _ _ _ _ _domestic a. 家庭的；国内的【例句】 Her domestic problems are beginning to affect her work.