选 修 6Unit16Stories重点短语重点句型重点单词1.abandonvt.放弃,遗弃2.victimn.受害者3.preservevt.保护,保存preservationn.保存,保留4.witnessvt.目击n.目击者,见证人5.occurvi.发生occurrencen.发生,出现;事件6.tremblevi.颤抖,发抖tremblingadj.发抖的;战栗的7.particularlyadv.特别地,特定地particularadj.特别的;挑剔的8.awesomeadj.令人敬畏的9.rewindvt.&vi.倒回重点短语重点句型重点单词10.characteristicadj.典型的n.特点,特色11.gathervt.&vi.聚集12.sympathyn.同情sympatheticadj.同情的13.burstvi.爆炸;冲;闯n.爆发14.specificadj.详细的,特定的15.significancen.重要性,意义significantadj.重要的16.abnormaladj.反常的,不正常的normal(反义词)adj.正常的;标准的17.originn.起源,开端;出身originaladj.原始的;最初的重点短语重点句型重点单词18.discouragevt.使泄气,使灰心;阻碍encourage(反义词)vt.鼓励;支持discouragementn.挫折;沮丧19.admirableadj.令人钦佩的,极佳的admirevt.钦佩;赞美admirationn.钦佩;赞赏20.teasevt.嘲笑,取笑21.severeadj.严重的;严厉的22.restrictionn.限制,约束restrictvt.限制;约束;限定23.unbearableadj.不能忍受的bearable(反义词)adj.能够忍受的bearvt.忍受;承担vi.生(孩子),结(果实) 重点短语重点句型重点单词24.stubbornadj.倔强的,固执的25.preciseadj.准确的,精确的26.eageradj.渴望的,热衷的27.expandvt.扩大,扩充28.apparentadj.明显的,显而易见的29.breakthroughn.突破,重大发现30.uncertainadj.不确定的certain(反义词)adj.确定的31.remindvt.使想起,使记起;提醒32.awkwardadj.笨拙的;令人不舒服的33.tenseadj.紧张的tensionn.紧张;拉力重点短语重点句型重点单词34.applaudvt.&vi.鼓掌applausen.鼓掌;喝彩35.clumsyadj.笨拙的;不得体的重点短语重点句型重点单词1.comeintoview出现2.knocksb.over撞倒某人3.blockout堵住4.inaway从某种程度上说5.ononesside侧身6.splitup断绝关系,分成小部分7.onthewayto.在去的路上8.name.after.以命名9.comeacross偶然遇见10.holdup支撑起11.counton依靠12.figureout理解13.endup以结束,以告终重点短语重点句型重点单词14.putupwith容忍,忍受15.inparticular特别,尤其16.nowthat既然,由于17.beeagerto渴望重点短语重点句型重点单词1.到1748年,他们已经发现了一处令人敬畏的历史遗址。By1748,theyhadfoundanawesomehistoricalsite.2.学生们正要离开教室,就在这时老师进来了。Thestudentswereleavingtheclasswhentheteachercamein.3.由于明白了语言要点,海伦很渴望学到更多,并且尽可能多地使用语言。NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.4.于是那天就这样继续下去,直到最后我又累又困地爬上床。Andsothedaywenton,untilfinallyIclimbed,tiredandashamed,intobed.HelenKellerwasablindanddeafgirlwhoneededasuperbteacher.1.Bytheageof7,shecouldneitherspeaknorwriteandwasoftenfoundstubbornandangrywithsome2.unbearable(bear)behaviors.SoAnneSullivanwasbroughtintohelpHelen.Attheirfirstsight,AnnegaveHelenabighugforlovetohelpHelenmake3.preparations(prepare)forlanguagelearning.Helenslearningstartedfromsimplewords.WheneverAnneput4.anobjectintooneofHelenshandsshewouldspellthewordintoherotherhand.Finally,theireffortpaidoff.OnedayHelenhadaburstofunderstandingwhenwaterflowedoverherhand,5.opening(open)hertheworldofwords.Afterthat,shewasveryeagertolearnmorewithmoreandmorequestions.Thissoonledhertodiscovermorecomplexwordsandchangedherthinkingprocesses.Whenshetriedtolearntheword“love”,6.confusedly(confuse),shefoundithadnothingtodowiththeobjectsthatshecouldtouch,smellandfeel.Theword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelen.However,oneday,shewasmakingnecklaces7.whenshenoticedthatshehadmadesomemistakes,soshestoppedtothink8.carefully(careful).HelpedbyAnne,shesuddenlyunderstoodtheabstractword“think”.9.Asaresultofthis,she10.finally(final)understoodtheword“love”whichhadpuzzledherlongbefore.重点短语重点句型重点单词abandonvt.放弃,抛弃;中止;陷入;沉湎于(某种情感)常见用法1.abandonsth.forsth.放弃而从事abandononeselfto沉溺于,纵情于(=beaddictedto)beabandonedby被抛弃2.with/inabandon尽情地;放纵地Thebadweatherforcedthemtoabandontheirplan.恶劣的天气迫使他们终止了计划。Thosewhoabandonthemselvestodespaircannotsucceed.那些自暴自弃的人不会成功。Peoplewereshoutingandcheeringingayabandon.人们兴高采烈,纵情欢呼。重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸abandonedadj.被遗弃的;无约束的anabandonedcar一辆废弃的汽车词义辨析1.abandon强调永远或完全地放弃或抛弃人或事物等,这可能是被迫的,也可能是自愿的。Aftercarefulconsideration,itwasagreedtoabandontheproject.经过慎重考虑,大家同意放弃这个项目。2.desert着重指违背法律责任和义务,或自己的信仰与誓言的行为,多含非难的意味。Hehasbeendesertedbymostofhisadvisers.他的大多数顾问都弃他而去。3.giveup侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。Coastguardshadgivenupallhopeoffindingthetwodiversalive.海岸警卫队对两位潜水员生还已完全不抱希望。重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用用abandon及其相关短语的适当形式填空那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的孩子在大街上游荡,他已陷入了绝望。Thechildwasabandonedbyhisparents.Lateron,theabandonedboywasfoundwanderinginthestreet,abandoninghimselftodespair. 重点短语重点句型重点单词preservevt.保护;保持,保存Inaway,Pompeiiislikea“timecapsule”preservingafrozenmomentinhistory.从某种程度上说,庞贝古城如同一粒时间胶囊,保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。(教材原句P6)常见用法preservesth.保护/保存某物preservesb./sth.from.保护某人/物免于preservesth.+adj.把某物保存得Weshouldtakemeasurestopreservetheenvironmentfrompollution.我们应该采取措施保护环境免受污染。Thevasehasbeenpreservedintact.这个花瓶保存得完好无损。重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸preservedadj.保存的;腌制的preservationn.保存;维护词义辨析1.preserve“保护;维持”,强调为防止破坏作用而采取措施使某物完好无损或质量不变。Thegovernmentpreservestherightsoftheindividualperson.政府保护个人的权利不受侵犯。2.reserve“保留,储备;预定”,强调为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。Wearereservingtheseseatsformyparents.我们把这些座位留给我的父母。现学活用用preserve的适当形式填空1.Atminus130,alivingcellcanbepreservedforathousandyears.2.Thepaintingswereinanexcellentstateofpreservation.重点短语重点句型重点单词witnessn.目击者,见证人vt.目击,目睹Plinywroteaboutanextremelyterriblevolcaniceruptionthathehadwitnessedasayoungman.普林尼描述了他青年时代目睹的一场可怕的火山喷发。(教材原句P6)常见用法1.witnesssth.见证;目击witnesstosth./doingsth.为作证2.bear/givewitnessto证实,证明be(a)witnessto看见(某事发生);是的目击者appealforwitnesses寻找目击者重点短语重点句型重点单词Herprincipalwascalledtowitnesstohergoodcharacter.她的校长被传唤来证明她优良的品德。Thisoldbuildinghaswitnessedbetterdays.这栋老房子见证过曾经的辉煌。Thetemplesandtheatersallbearwitnesstothecitysformergreatness.庙宇和剧院都印证了这个城市以前的辉煌。Thedetectivesareappealingforwitnesses.侦探正在寻找目击者。重点短语重点句型重点单词词义辨析1.witness指证据或证人,尤指后者,且有亲眼见到之意。Witnessestothecrashsaytheysawanexplosionjustbeforethedisaster.空难目击者称,就在灾难发生之前他们看见飞机发生了爆炸。2.proof指足以直接证明某事为事实的依据,侧重作为充分证据所导致的结果。Haveyougotanyproofthatyouownthisbike?你有什么证据证明这辆自行车是你的?3.evidence为普通用词,在法律上指能起证明作用的,如证明、公证书以及所有的实物东西等。在生活中指任何一样可证明某一件事的真实性的东西。Therewasntenoughevidencetoprovehisguilt.没有充分的证据能证明他有罪。重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用完成句子1.有谁目击了这场交通事故?Didanyonewitnessthetrafficaccident?2.许多变革发生于19世纪。The19thcenturywitnessedmanychanges.3.司机作证说,他看到此人进入那栋建筑物。Thedriverwitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding. 重点短语重点句型重点单词burstvi.爆炸,爆发;冲;闯n.爆发;突然破裂Thebuildingexplodedbecauseagaspipehadburst.这座大楼爆炸是因为一根燃气管道破裂了。(教材原句P7)Aftertendaysofraintheriverburstitsbanks.下了十天雨后河堤决口了。常见用法1.burstintotears/laughter/cheers/applause/flames突然哭起来/笑起来/欢呼起来/鼓起掌来/着火burstintoarun突然跑起来burstintotheroom闯入房间burstoutcrying/laughing/singing突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支burstforth突然出现或发生重点短语重点句型重点单词burstthrough突然出现;冲破2.aburstoflaughter/anger.一阵笑声/勃然大怒HearingthenewsthatmydadwouldbebackfromNewYorkthisweek,Iburstoutlaughing.听到爸爸这周要从纽约回来的消息,我大笑起来。Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破门而入。Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用用burst的相关短语完成句子1.一听到这伤心的消息,她就哭了起来。Sheburstintotears/burstoutcryingthemomentshegotthesadnews.2.我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.3.那两国间突然发生了战争。Awarburstforthbetweenthetwocountries. 重点短语重点句型重点单词eageradj.渴望的,热衷的NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.由于明白了语言要点,海伦很渴望学到更多,并且尽可能多地使用语言。(教材原句P11)常见用法beeagerfor.想得到;渴望beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beonlytooeagertodosth.过于迫切地想做某事beeagerthat.(should)do.渴望Sheiseagerforsuccess.她渴望成功。Maggiewaseagertovisitme.麦琪急于来看我。重点短语重点句型重点单词Somepatientsareonlytooeagertotellyouexactlyhowtheyfeel.有些病人太急于告诉你他们的切身感受。拓展延伸longfor.盼望begreedyfor.渴望现学活用用eager构成的短语完成句子1.所有学生都渴望获得一等奖。Allstudentsareeagerforthefirstprize.2.那位作家很渴望多花点时间来陪伴家人。Thewriterwasveryeagertospendmoretimewithherfamily. 重点短语重点句型重点单词remindvt.使想起,使记起;提醒Atschool,MrFan,theEnglishteacher,remindedmeaboutthepoetryreadingcompetition.在学校里,我们英语范老师提醒我英语诗歌朗读比赛的事。(教材原句P12)常见用法remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事;提醒某人某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindthat.使某人想起;提醒某人WhatyousaidjustnowremindsmeofthatAmericanprofessor.你刚才说的话使我想起了那位美国教授。Remindhertocomeearliertomorrowmorning.提醒她明天上午早点来。Ihavetoremindmyselfthatsomebirdsarentmeanttobecaged.我不得不提醒自己有些鸟是不能关在笼子里的。重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用单句填空1.Thanksforyourgiftitwillalwaysremindmeofyou.2.Theoldphotosburiedatthebottomofthesuitcasereminded(remind)meofthosehappyolddayswehadspenttogether.重点短语重点句型重点单词in a way 在某种程度上,从某种意义上说Inaway,Pompeiiislikea“timecapsule”preservingafrozenmomentinhistory.从某种程度上说,庞贝古城如同一粒时间胶囊,保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。(教材原句P6)Inaway,hisEnglishhasimproved.从某种程度上来说,他的英语有进步。拓展延伸intheway造成阻碍;挡道innoway决不onthe/onesway(to)在(去)的路上bytheway顺便提一下alltheway自始至终;完全地inthisway用这种方法重点短语重点句型重点单词Dontstandintheway.不要妨碍别人。Bytheway,haveyouseenmyumbrellaanywhere?顺便问一下,你在什么地方见过我的伞吗?现学活用用适当的冠词或介词填空1.Inaway,Ilikethisnewtextbookverymuch.2.Imafraidyourbikeisintheway.3.WhydontyoustopbyourplaceonyourwaytoBoston?重点短语重点句型重点单词come across偶然发现,偶然遇见;被理解IcameacrossaninterestingnamestorywhenIvisitedmycousininHenanProvince.到河南省的堂兄家做客的时候,我发现了一个有趣的和人名有关的故事。(教材原句P8)拓展延伸comeupwith想到;提出comeabout发生comeout出版;出现comeover越过;来到comeintobeing形成,产生comeback回来comeon开始;(灯或机器)打开,开动;进步;快点重点短语重点句型重点单词Noonehascomeupwithaconvincingexplanationofwhydinosaurdiedout.尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝原因做出一个令人信服的解释。JustasIenteredthehouse,allthelightscameon.我刚走进房门,所有的灯都亮了起来。现学活用用适当的介词或副词填空1.Tomcameacrossasecretgardenbesidehisschool.2.Alotofquestionshavecomeoutatthemeeting.重点短语重点句型重点单词figure out计算出;解决;弄明白;想出Sotheyfiguredoutawaytochangeit.所以他们就想出一个办法改动了一下名字。(教材原句P8)常见用法figureoutsth.=figuresth.out解决(问题);弄明白某事figureitout解决它;弄明白;搞定Couldyouhelpmefigureoutthisproblem?你能帮我解决这个问题吗?Theboycantfigureoutthealgebraproblem.这个男孩做不出这道代数题。Isimplycouldntfigureouthisintention.我简直揣摩不透他的用意。Withhisstrongaccent,itshardtofigureoutwhathestryingtosay.他的口音太重,很难听出他在说什么。重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸1.figurevt.推测;认为vi.计算;出现n.人物;数字;身材;图表2.workout/puzzleout解决;弄明白Ourtextbookhasmanyfigurestohelpexplainthelessons.我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。Ibelievethatyoucanworkoutthisproblembyyourself.我相信你自己能做出这道题的。现学活用完成句子1.这个案件十分复杂,个中真伪很难弄清楚。Itisaverycomplexcasewhichishardtofigureout.2.目前的情况很复杂,因此我认为我要花点时间去弄清楚事实真相。Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimetofigureoutitsreality. 重点短语重点句型重点单词hold up举起;支撑;耽搁Shebecamequitefamouswhensheinventedanewwayofholdingupsuspensionbridgesduringthebuildingprocess.在建设过程中,她发明了一种新的支撑吊桥的方法,这让她一举成名。(教材原句P8)Ithoughtthatnooneelsecouldholdupsuchpain.我认为没有人能忍受住这样的疼痛。Theywereverybusyandhadtoholdupallplanstotravel.他们很忙,不得不把所有的旅行计划都推迟了。重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸holdback隐瞒;控制;阻碍holdon坚持不懈;(打电话)请别挂断,稍等holdonto坚持;抓紧holdout伸出;坚守;抵抗holddown压制;限制holdoff保持距离;拖延,延期Jakewantedtowakeup,butsleepheldhimback.杰克想要醒来,但睡意使他又沉入梦乡。Hewasdeterminedtoholdonthisjobwhateverdifficultieshemightruninto.他下定决心,不管碰到什么困难,都要坚持做这份工作。重点短语重点句型重点单词Holdonthephoneforasecond.Letmefindapentowritedownyourphonenumber.别挂电话,让我找支笔记下你的电话号码。Therescueteamhopedthemenontheboatcouldholdouttilltheyarrived.救护队希望船上的人能坚持到他们到达。现学活用用同义词(1个)替换划线短语1.Holdupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestion.Raiseyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestion.2.Theirmusclebonesarenotstrongenoughtoholduptheirmuscleonland.Theirmusclebonesarenotstrongenoughtosupporttheirmuscleonland.3.Wewereheldupfortwohoursinthetrafficjam.Weweredelayedfortwohoursinthetrafficjam.重点短语重点句型重点单词过去完成时By1748,theyhadfoundanawesomehistoricalsite.到1748年,他们已经发现了一处令人敬畏的历史遗址。(教材原句P6)此句中的时间状语为By1748,发现这一动作发生在“过去的过去”,故此句应用过去完成时。1.过去完成时的结构:主语+had+动词的过去分词。Beforeshewenttobedshehaddrunkacupofhotmilk.她在睡觉前喝了一杯热牛奶。2.过去完成时表示过去的事件之前发生的事件或存在的状态;过去完成时和一般过去时用于同一个句子中表示过去的事件发生的先后顺序。WhenIarrivedshehadleft.我到时她已经离开了。重点短语重点句型重点单词特别提醒过去完成时与现在完成时的区别1.现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“助动词have(has)+过去分词”。2.过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才会用到它。Ihavelearned1,000Englishwordssofar.到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。Ihadlearned1,000Englishwordstilllastterm.到上学期为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用用finish的适当形式填空1.Ifinishedreadingthenovellastnight.2.Ihavefinishedreadingthenovelbynow.3.Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineoclocklastnight. 重点短语重点句型重点单词now that引导的原因状语从句NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.由于明白了语言的要点,海伦很渴望学到更多,并且尽可能多地使用语言。(教材原句P11)nowthat意为“既然,由于”,和since,as意思相近,常用于引导原因状语从句,表示已知的原因,暗含有一种新的情况。Nowthattheproblemhasbeenidentified,appropriateactioncanbetaken.现在既已找出问题的症结,即可采取适当的行动。Nowthatthesituationbecomescritical,onemustkeepcalm.事到临头,要沉住气。Nowthatwehavecoveredthewholechapterwemayhaveadiscussionnexttimewemeet.既然整章都看完了,那么我们下次见面时就可以讨论了。Nowthatyouarehere,youmightaswellstay.既来之,则安之。重点短语重点句型重点单词词义辨析1.nowthat和since用法基本一致,意为“既然,由于”,作从属连词,引导原因状语从句。引导的从句多置于主句之前,表示事物发展的自然结果,特别是当对方大概已经了解其原因的情况下使用。Sinceyoucantanswerthequestion,Illasksomeoneelse.既然你回答不出这个问题,我就问别人了。2.because通常表示直接的原因。because引导的从句表示直接而明确的原因和理由,表示按因果关系的推断,语气很强,一般位于主句之后。Wecouldntgooutbecauseitwastoocold.因为天气太冷,所以我们不能外出。3.as意为“因为,由于”,语气比since和because弱,所引导的从句表示的是不言而喻、显而易见的原因和理由,其从句一般放在主句前。Asitisraining,youdbettertakeataxi.由于在下雨,所以你最好乘出租车。重点短语重点句型重点单词4.for作并列连词,表示推断的原因,或对前一分句补充说明理由。Itmustbemorningforthebirdsaresinging.一定是清晨了,因为鸟儿在叫。现学活用用nowthat,because,since或for填空1.Iaskedhertostayforteabecause/forIhadsomethingimportanttotellher.2.Hestole,notbecausehewantedthemoneybutbecausehelikedstealing.3.As/Sincetheflooriswet,itmightrainthismorning.4.Nowthat/SinceIamfree,Icanenjoymusicforawhile. 一、单句填空1.Itsfartooearly(draw)anyconclusionsfromwhatwesawinthefirstweekoftheseason.todraw。句型too+adj./adv.+todosth.意为“太而不能做某事”。2.(2015北京高考改编)Heisashyman,heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.but。空前和空后的句子为转折关系,故填but。3.(2015江苏高考改编)(free)maycometoanendinthedigitalage.Freedom。此处应用名词作主语,freedom“自由”。4.(2014天津高考改编)Ihadmerelybecomeonemorevictimofa(nation)sickness:motorosis.national。sickness为名词,用形容词修饰。5.(2014陕西高考改编)IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.(congratulate)!Thatsgoodnews.Congratulations。根据语境可知此处表达“恭喜”之意。注意congratulation在交际用语中要用复数形式。6.(2014福建高考改编)Manyvillagecommunitiesfeeltheircountryside(ruin)bythepower-producingmachinesofwindfarms.isbeingruined。根据语境可知用现在进行时,且ruin和theircountry之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。7.(2013浙江高考改编)Duringthelastthreedecades,thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitnessprograms(increase)sharply.hasincreased。主语是thenumber,谓语用单数;根据时态标志词duringthelastthreedecades,可知使用现在完成时态,故填hasincreased。8.(2013上海高考改编)Thejudgesgavenohintoftheythought,soIlefttheroomreallyworried.what。此处所填词引导宾语从句,并在句中作thought的宾语,故填what。9.(2011广东高考改编)Ayearafter(graduate),Iwasofferedapositionteachingawritingclass.graduation/graduating。after为介词,介词后面跟名词或动名词形式。10.(2011湖南高考改编)Jackwasntsayinganything,theteachersmiledathimasifhehaddonesomethingveryclever.but。根据语境可知此处应用but表转折。二、单元话题微写作海伦凯勒根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。1.海伦凯勒成功地使自己成为世界上最成功的作家之一。(manageto)2.虽然看不见也听不见,可当她还是孩子的时候便在老师的帮助下学会了读书和写字。(withthehelpof)3.她克服了许多困难才理解了一些十分复杂的词汇。(overcome)4.她的坚持和毅力使她成为世界上最伟大的女性之一。(perseverance)HelenKellermanagedtobecomeoneofthemostsuccessfulwritersintheworld.Thoughshewasblindanddeaf,shelearnedtospellandrecognizewordswiththehelpofherteacherwhenshewasachild.Sheovercamemanydifficultiestobeabletounderstandsomeverycomplexwords.Itwasherperseverancethatenabledhertobecomeoneofthegreatestwomenintheworld.