Unit 9 Tourism in ChinaText A YunnanText B TibetSupplementary Reading Guilin学习任务整体上掌握Text A和Text B 两篇文章的内容，包括背景资料，单词，相关专有名词等。完成Text A 和Text B 的课后题目。浏览Text C。Text A Yunnan导读：古人用“彩云南现”来遥指云南这片神秘的高原。“一山不同族，十里不同天”，云南有52个民族居民，世居民族有26个，其中云南独有民族有15个。由于各自民族不同的自然环境，呈现出不同的社会文化形态。在云南这片神奇的土地上，北有雄伟壮丽的雪山冰川；南有广袤的热带雨林和珍稀动植物；西有蜿蜒奔腾的“三江并流”奇观；东有壮观的喀斯特岩溶地貌；中有众多的高原湖泊和四季如春的旅游名城昆明。Text A YunnanYunnan is without doubt one of the most alluring destinations in China. Its the most varied of all Chinas provinces, with terrain ranging from tropical rainforest to snow-capped Tibetan peaks. Its also the sixth-largest province and home to a third of all Chinas ethnic minorities (nearly 50% of the province is non-Han) and over half of all Chinas plant and animal species. If you can only get to one province in China, this might as well be it.Dali Ancient City is 13 kilometers (8.1 miles) away from Xiaguan in Dali City, Yunnan Province and is one of the Three Ancients (Ancient Cities, Ancient Pagodas and Ancient Steles) of the Dali Scenic Spot. Text A YunnanDali Ancient CityText A YunnanDali Ancient CityAccording to literature, Dali Ancient City was a gateway to the Silk Road in Southwest China, and also served as a seat of government and a major military barracks for Yunnan Province in ancient times. It enjoyed magnificent scale, with a wall length of 6 kilometers (3.73 miles), a height of 7.5 meters (24.6 feet) and a thickness of 6 meters (19.7 feet). There were four city gates facing west, east, north and south, upon which sat a gate tower. The newlyopened Foreigner Street is also a must-see, providing snacks with the traditional flavors of the Bai ethnic community, as well as the famous Three-course Tea ceremony for receiving guests that includes bitter tea, sweet tea and final tea.Text A YunnanDali Ancient CityLugu Lake lies 200 kilometers (approximately 124 miles) from the center of Lijiang City, on the border between Ninglang County in Yunnan Province and Yanyuan County in Sichuan Province. The lake is like a beautiful pearl shining among the hills of the northwest plateau in Yunnan.Text A YunnanLugu LakeText A YunnanLugu LakeThe lake is in the shape of a horses hoof - long from north to south, and narrower from east to west. The vista of the lake changes constantly throughout the day. The morning mist mixed with the light of the rising sun gives the lake an orange glow covered by mist. When the light of sun causes the hills to throw their shadows onto the water, the lake has a jade green color. The lake is calm and dark green in the evening when the sun sinks, and is peaceful when night comes. Gentle wind blows and water ripples.On the lake there are five islands. They are different sizes and are like green boats floating on the water. Heiwawu Island, Liwubi Island, and Lige Island are most notable.Text A YunnanLugu LakeText A YunnanJade Dragon Snow Mountain Jade Dragon Snow Mountain (Yulong Mountain) is the southernmost glacier in the Northern Hemisphere. Consisting of 13 peaks, among which Shanzidou is the highest one with an altitude of 5,600 meters (18,360 feet), Jade Dragon Snow Mountain stretches a length of 35 kilometers (22 miles) and a width of 20 kilometers (13 miles).Text A YunnanJade Dragon Snow Mountain Archaic legend about this mysterious and beautiful snow mountain goes like this: Once upon a time, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain and Haba Snow Mountain were twins. They had lived on panning in Golden Sand River until one day an evil fiend usurped the river. The brothers were very brave and had a fierce fight with the fiend, Haba died in the fight and Jade Dragon drove off the fiend after wearing out 13 swords. For guarding the people and preventing the return of the fiend, Jade Dragon held the 13 swords in hands day and night. As time passed, the brothers had turned into the two snow mountains, and the 13 swords had become the 13 peaks. Jade Dragon Snow Mountain is a sanctuary for rare animals and wild plants.Text A YunnanJade Dragon Snow Mountain Text A YunnanJade Dragon Snow Mountain In fact, one fourth of all plant species in China can be found here and 20 primeval forest communities shelter a big family of 400 types of trees and 30 kinds of animals which are protected by the state. These species live in different temperature levels and create different kinds of views of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. The 13 peaks, which have the altitudes of at least 4,000 meters, are covered by snow all year round; the mountain is called the Natural Glacier Museum for it has all types of glacier. Notes:1.matriarchal society（母系社会）: A matriarchy is a society in which females, especially mothers, have the central roles of political leadership and moral authority. It is also sometimes called a gynocratic or gynocentric society. The male equivalent is a patriarchy.Notes:2.arranged marriage（包办婚姻）: An arranged marriage is a practice in which someone other than the couple getting married makes the selection of the persons to be wed, meanwhile curtailing or avoiding the process of courtship. Such marriages had deep roots in royal and aristocratic families around the world. Today, arranged marriage is largely practiced in South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka), Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia and East Asia to some extent.Text B Tibet导读：西藏位于中国西南边疆，是个美丽、独特而又神秘的地方，这里有举世闻名的珠穆朗玛峰，世界第一大峡谷雅鲁藏布大峡谷，令人神往的神山圣湖，雄伟壮观的布达拉宫，风格独特的寺庙建筑。这些唯我独有的自然景观和人文景观使西藏无法取代。Text B TibetTibet Autonomous Region (TAR for short) attracts people of all persuasions every year from both home and abroad. It rewards every visitor with an unforgettable experience of the land, the people and the mysticism.Text B TibetTibet is called Roof of the World and the Third Pole of the Earth. The worlds highest peak, Mt. Everest is situated in this region. The vast land is also the river source for the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Yarlong Tsangpo (Brahmaputra), the Indus, and the Ganges. Tibetan lakes: the Heavenly Lake Namtso, the Yamdrok Yumtso Lake and the Lake Manasarova set Tibet apart as an exceptional scenic place.Text B Tibet-Potala PalaceSituated on the Red Hill of central Lhasa, Potala Palace is the highest ancient palace in the world, reaching 3,767.19m (12,359.55ft) at the topmost point.Text B Tibet-Potala PalacePotala named after a holy hill in South India is a Sanskrit word meaning Abode of the Avalokitesvara (Buddha of Mercy). Legend has it that in the 7th century, to greet his bride Princess Wen Cheng of the Tang Dynasty (618B.C. - 907B.C.) of China, the then Tibet King Songtsen Gampo built a 9-storey palace with a thousand rooms up on the Red Hill and named it Potala. Later, with the collapse of the Songtsen Gampo Dynasty, the ancient palace was almost destroyed in wars. What we see at present is the architecture of the Qing Dynasty (1644B.C. - 1911B.C.) and the continuous expanding work outcome since the 17th century.Text B Tibet-Mt. EverestMt. Everest, also called Mt. Qomolangma, is the highest peak in the world. Its Tibetan meaning of Goddess the Third adds more mysterious color and magic power to the subject. Text B Tibet-Mt. EverestAs the supreme point of the world, Mt. Everest is also blessed with many extreme wonders. The top part of the mountain is covered with snow all the year round. More often than not, the thick freely moving clouds and fogs, seeming as if a flag with the mast of the peak was swinging, will shroud the peak. This peculiar phenomenon of Mt. Everest is known as Flag Cloud. An additional wonder generated here are the bright glaciers, where ices are formed into various shapes like bridges, pagodas and others. Text B Tibet-Yarlung Tsangpo RiverIn Chinese, Yarlung Tsangpo River means water flowing down from the crest. Found in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as the roof of the world, the Yarlung Tsangpo River is the biggest river in Tibet and also holds the position as being the river found at the highest altitude across the world.Text B Tibet-Yarlung Tsangpo RiverYarlung Tsangpo River Valley is rich in forest resources, owning 2,644 thousand hectares of virgin forest. Rare and unique plants and animals along with a natural treasure house of wildlife such as yew and Zoraptera insects can be found here. From the Pottery shard and stone objects of the Neolithic Period discovered in Nyingchi County, the ancient culture of Yarlung Tsangpo River can be traced back thousands of years. To some extent, it is the cradle of Tibetan civilization.Notes1.Dalai Lama（达赖喇嘛）: The Dalai Lama is a religious figure in Tibetan Buddhism. He is its highest spiritual teacher of the Gelugpa school. A new Dalai Lama is said to be the re-born old Dalai Lama.Dalai Lama is the title of Tibetan Buddhism leader. Dalai is original from Mongolian which means ocean and Lama is original from Tibetan which means the highest principle. In 1653, during the Qing Dynasty, this title was authorized to Dalai Lama V by the Chinese Emperor for the first time.Notes2.Neolithic Period（新石器时代）: The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period or New Stone era, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 10200 cal. BCE according to the ASPRO chronology in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age. The Neolithic is a measured progression of behavioral and cultural characteristics and changes, including the use of wild and domestic crops and the use of domesticated animals.Thank You!