课标导航主题导读课标导航主题导读CreateaHealthierLifestyleTodayHaveyoueverbeenthinkingthatyourlifestyleneedsanexamination?Mostofuscoulddothatwithsomepositivechanges.TrackYourActivityPhysicalactivityisoneofthemostimportantpartsofahealthylifestyle.Takeaseriouslookatyouractivitylevels,figureoutsomethingsthatyoucanimprove,andgettowork!课标导航主题导读WriteDownWhatYouEatMostofushavenorealideaofhowmuchweeat,whatweeatregularly,andhowoftenweeatit.Keepingafoodjournalcanhelpmuch.Everydayforafullweek,writedowneverythingyoueat,includingsnacks,andhowmuchofityoueat.Afterthat,youknowwhattodo.课标导航主题导读MentalCheck-upsMatterTooAhealthylifeincludesahealthy,happymind.Howhasyourmoodbeen?Haveyoubeengettingplentyofsleep(seventoeighthoursaday)?Haveyoubeenstrugglingwithdepressionoranxiety?Ifyoursymptomsdontlessenorgoawaycompletelyafterafewweeksoflifestylechanges,makeanappointmenttoseeyourdoctor.HaveaCheck-upwithYourDoctorIfyourelikemostmen,chancesarethatitsbeenquiteawhilesinceyoulasthadaphysicalexam.Dontputitoffanylonger.Yourdoctorcanspotproblemsbeforetheybecomeserious,andprobablygiveyousomesuggestionsforhowtomakeimprovements.Soifyouwantlessstress,aleanerbody,andimprovedmentalhealth,startoffwithsmallstepsanddomoreeveryday.课标导航主题导读诱思探究1.Whatdoyouthinkoftheadvicementionedabove?Aretheyusefultoyou?2.Haveyoueverthoughtofcreatinganewlifestyle?Ifso,whatisyourplan?答案:1.Differentstudentshavedifferentopinions.2.Differentstudentshavedifferentopinions.基础导练文本感知知识精要.词汇拓展1.n.酒;酒精n.&adj.酗酒者;酒精中毒的病人;酒精的;含酒精的;酗酒的n.酒精中毒答案:alcohol;alcoholic;alcoholism2.n.压力;重音vt.加压力于;使紧张adj.产生压力的;紧张的;压力重的答案:stress;stressful3.n.青少年adj.青春期的n.青春期答案:adolescent;adolescence4.adj.困难的;强硬的adv.困难地;强硬地v.(使)坚硬,坚固答案:tough;toughly;toughen基础导练文本感知知识精要5.adj.入了迷的;上了瘾的adj.使成瘾的;上瘾的n.沉溺;上瘾;入迷答案:addicted;addictive;addiction6.n.收回;撤退;戒毒(或脱瘾)过程vt.&vi.撤销;离开;退出答案:withdrawal;withdraw7.n.结果;效力adj.有效的;现行的答案:effect;effective8.adj.怀孕的n.怀孕;妊娠答案:pregnant;pregnancy基础导练文本感知知识精要9.adj.畸形的;异常的n.畸形;反常adj.正常的;一般的n.常态;正常的形势v.(使)正常化;标准化adv.通常;正常情况下答案:abnormal;abnormality;normal;normality;normalize;normally10.adj.气喘吁吁的;屏息的vi.呼吸n.呼吸答案:breathless;breathe;breath11.adj.不健康的;不合适的;不合格的v.适合,合身adj.健康的;适合的n.健壮;健康答案:unfit;fit;fitness12.vt.加强;巩固;使坚强vi.变强n.力量adj.强壮的答案:strengthen;strength;strong基础导练文本感知知识精要13.adj.绝望的;拼命的adv.绝望地;孤注一掷地n.绝望;铤而走险答案:desperate;desperately;desperation14.n.药剂师;化学家n.化学adj.&n.化学的;化学制品答案:chemist;chemistry;chemical15.adj.失望的;沮丧的adj.令人失望的n.失望;扫兴;令人失望的事(或人)答案:disappointed;disappointing;disappointment基础导练文本感知知识精要16.adj.感到羞愧或羞耻的n.羞耻;羞愧adj.可耻的;丢脸的adj.无耻的;没廉耻的答案:ashamed;shame;shameful;shameless17.n.理解(力)adj.广泛的;理解的;综合的adv.广泛地adj.能充分理解的;易于了解的答案:comprehension;comprehensive;comprehensively;comprehensible基础导练文本感知知识精要.短语互译1.dueto答案:由于2.addictedto答案:对有瘾3.accustomedto答案:习惯于4.对作出决定答案:decideon5.想要(做)答案:feellike(doing)基础导练文本感知知识精要.重点句型1.amazingatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.到了我这个年纪,却依然很健康,能一下午骑车两万米,这太让人吃惊了。答案:Itseems;that2.youknow,ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain,youbegintodoitautomatically.正如你所知道的,如果你反复地做同一件事情,你就会开始无意识地去做。答案:As基础导练文本感知知识精要3.knowthatmycigarettesmokecouldaffectthehealthofnon-smokers.我也不知道我吸烟会影响不吸烟者的健康。答案:NeitherdidI4.Iknewquitsmoking.我认识到是该戒烟的时候了。答案:itwastimeto5.IhopesobecauseIwantyoutolivelongandhealthyalifeIhave.我的确希望如此,因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。答案:do;as;as基础导练文本感知知识精要6.youfeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候,你就提醒自己:你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。答案:Everytime基础导练文本感知知识精要.篇章结构根据课文内容填空(每空不超过3个单词)becomeaddictedtomentallyheartandlungsbecomepregnant基础导练文本感知知识精要EffectsDecideonBedeterminedrelaxationexercisesdesperateKeeptrying基础导练文本感知知识精要.篇章信息根据课文内容选出正确答案:1.Whydidthegrandfatherwritethisletter?A.Tohelphisgrandsontogiveupsmoking.B.Togivehisgrandsonsomeadviceonhowtokeepfit.C.Tosharehisexperienceofsmoking.D.Totellhisgrandsontofocusonquittingsmoking.2.InwhatwaydidgrandadtrytopersuadeJames?A.Byusingscientifictheory.B.Bysharinghisownexperience.C.Bysharinghissportsactivity.D.Bytellinghimhisfailureinlove.AB基础导练文本感知知识精要3.Fromthetextwecanlearnthat.A.youcanonlybecomeaddictedtocigarettesintwodifferentwaysB.smokingmakesnodifferenceinwomenbecomingpregnantC.ifyouhavefailedseveraltimestostopsmoking,youshouldfeelashamedD.youdbetternotchooseastressfuldaytoquitsmokingD基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112131.stress(P17) n. 压力;重音vt. 加压力于;使紧张Tomhasbeenunderalotofstresssincehismothersillness.自从母亲病倒后,汤姆一直忧心忡忡。Maryhadtogetmarriedtothatrichmanunderthestressofherparents.在父母的压力下,玛丽只好嫁给了那个富翁。WhenIwasachild,mymotherputgreatstressonmyproperbehavior.我小时候,妈妈特别强调我要行为端正。Icantstressenoughtheneedforcooperation.对于合作的必要性我怎么强调都不过分。ImuststressthateverythingIvetoldyouisstrictlyconfidential.我必须强调,我告诉你的一切都要严加保密。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213understress在压力之下underthestressof在压力下lay/place/putstressonsth.强调某事物stressedadj.焦虑不安的,心力交瘁的stressfuladj.压力重的,紧张的基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112132.Do you think smoking should be banned?(P17)你认为吸烟应该被禁止吗?ban vt.禁止;取缔n.禁令;谴责Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。Charliesbeenbannedfromdrivingforsixmonths.查理已被禁止开车,禁期为六个月。Thenewrulehasputabanonsmoking.新规定禁止吸烟。Theresgoingtobeatotalbanonsmokingintheoffice.办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213bansth.禁止或取缔某物bansb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事putabanonsth.禁止某事abanonsmoking=asmokingban禁烟令基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213forbid,prohibit与banforbid是普通用词,多指某人提出要求禁止别人做某事,常用结构为:forbidsb.todosth.。prohibit是正式用语,指官方以法律条文、文件等形式,在较大范围内禁止做某事,常用结构:prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.。ban语气最强,强调由官方颁布命令或法律来禁止,常用结构:bansb.fromdoingsth.。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112133.I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.(P18)我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛,要归功于我的健康生活。due to“由于,因为”,在句中可做状语、表语等。Theaccidenthappenedduetotheheavyfog.事故因大雾而起。Mytoothacheisduetotoomuchsugar,forIhaveasweettooth.牙痛是由于我吃了太多的糖,因为我喜欢吃甜食。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213(1)beduetodosth./forsth.预定/计划(做)某事(be)duetosb.应支付/给予/归于某人TheyareduetostartschoolinJanuary.他们一月份就开始上学了。Havetheybeenpaidthemoneythatisduetothem?他们应得的钱付给他们了吗?(2)表原因的短语还有:owingto因为(较正式)asaresultof因为onaccountof由于inconsequenceof由于的缘故基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213Owingtoourjointefforts,thetaskwasfulfilledaheadoftime.由于我们的共同努力,任务提前完成了。Hewasgivenanexcellentjobasaresultofhishardwork.由于他的努力,他得到了一份好工作。Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofbadweather.由于天气不好,我们将启程的时间推迟了。Inconsequenceofhisbadwork,Iwasforcedtodismisshim.由于他工作表现不好,我只好把他辞退。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112134.You see,during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.(P18)你瞧,当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候,我也吸过烟并且还上了瘾。addicted adj.入了迷的;上了瘾的be/get addicted to对有瘾Shesaidshewasunabletogiveupsmoking.Shewascompletelyaddicted.她说她戒不了烟。她完全上瘾了。IdontwantthekidstogetaddictedtostupidTVprograms.我不想让孩子们沉迷于无聊的电视节目。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213addictionn.沉溺;嗜好;吸毒成瘾addictiveadj.使人上瘾的addictvt.使入迷;使沉溺于n.入迷的人;上瘾者Headdictedhimselftoplayingtheviolinanddidntfindathiefwalkintohishouse.他陶醉于拉小提琴,没有发现小偷进入了他的房子。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112135.This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.(P18)这就是说,过一段时间以后,你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。be/get/become accustomed to习惯于Americansareaccustomedtodrinkingcoffeewiththeirmeals.美国人吃饭时习惯喝咖啡。Theyoungmansoonbecameaccustomedtothehardwork.那青年很快就习惯了这份辛苦的工作。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213beaccustomedto习惯于(表示状态)become/getaccustomedto习惯于(不延续的动作)注意:be/get/becomeaccustomedto短语中,to是介词,后面接名词、代词或者动词-ing形式。accustomvt.(与介词to连用)使习惯于;使适应accustomoneself/sb.todoingsth.使自己/某人习惯于做某事;养成做某事的习惯基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112136.As you know,if you do the same thing over and over again,you begin to do it automatically.(P18)正如你所知道的,如果你反复地做同一件事情,你就会开始无意识地去做。as用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句的内容,在从句中做主语或宾语。在本句中as做know的宾语。Asyouknow,Nanjingiswellknownforitshistoricsitesandbeautifulscenery.您知道,南京的历史古迹和美丽风景是很有名的。Shehasbeenlateagain,asweexpected.她又迟到了,这是我们预料之中的事。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213(1)as作关系代词时的常见搭配:asisoftensaid正如通常所说asisoftenthecase通常就是这样ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述asoftenhappens如同经常发生的那样asiswellknowntoall众所周知在很多情况下,从句中的谓语中的助动词可以省略。asexplainedbefore如前面所解释的那样asmentionedabove如上面所提到的那样asshowninthefigure如图所示asseenfromthetable正如从表中可以看到的基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213(2)as也可引导限制性定语从句,多用于thesame.as.,such.as.结构。ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.这是我昨天丢掉的钢笔。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213as,which引导非限制性定语从句as和which都可引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句所表达的内容,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,但也有不同之处:(1)位置上的不同:as引导的定语从句可用于主句前、主句中或主句后;which引导的定语从句只能置于主句之后。(2)意义上的不同:as有“正如,就像”之意,常和一些动词搭配,如know,expect,suppose等。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213(3)句型上的不同:当定语从句为否定句时只能用which引导。Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichdelightedus.汤姆取得了很大的进步,这使我们很高兴。Thisman,asyouknow,isgoodfornothing.这个人,正如你所知道的,一事无成。(4)所做成分不同:which通常在定语从句中做主语;而as在定语从句中做宾语或被动结构的主语。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112137.When I was young,I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.(P18)在我年轻的时候,关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。effect n.C,U结果;效果(力);影响;作用Inflationishavingadisastrouseffectontheeconomy.通货膨胀正在给经济带来灾难性的影响。Theplanswillbeputintoeffect.这些计划即将付诸实施。Thenewregulationwillcomeintoeffectsoon.这项新规定即将实施。Themorphinewasstartingtotakeeffectandthepaineased.吗啡开始起作用,疼痛减轻了。Ineffect,ourwageswillfallby2%.实际上,我们的工资将下降2%。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213haveaneffecton影响put/bringsth.intoeffect实施,实行,使生效comeintoeffect/takeeffect(法律、规则或制度)生效,实施ineffect实际上effectiveadj.有效的affectvt.影响基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112138.Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.(P18)我也不知道我吸烟会影响不吸烟者的健康。“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”是部分倒装结构,对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。Idontenjoysinging;nordoIlikecomputers.我不喜欢唱歌,也不喜欢电脑。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213表示第二个人的情况和第一个人的相同时有三种情况(1)肯定的情况(只有一种)Ilikedancing.Sodoesmysister.(2)否定的情况(只有一种)Idontlikedancing.Neither/Nordoesmysister.(3)多种情况(不管肯定还是否定)IlivedinAmericafirst.ThenImovedtoFrance.ButIcannotspeakEnglish.Oh.Itsthesamewithmybrother./Soitswithmybrother.基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要123456789101112139.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(P18)我的确希望你把它戒掉,因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。(1)句中的助动词表强调,强调句子的谓语动词hope。在一般句型中,do(does,did)常用来强调谓语动词的语气,在句中要重读,且需符合下列两个条件:句子是肯定句;句子中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般过去时。此时的do可译为“真的”“果真”“的确”“确实”等。Youdolooknicetoday.你今天看起来真的很漂亮。Jacksaidhewouldcomeandhedidcome.杰克说他要来,他果真来了。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213在祈使句中,do表强烈的请求,而不是命令,有时它可以使邀请对方的心意更加客气、热情、友好,而且亲切,此时的do可译为“一定”“务必”等。Dobecareful!请务必小心谨慎!Dotellmeallaboutit.Illkeepitadeadsecret.请告诉我吧,我一定严守秘密。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213(2)这是as.as引导的状语从句,两个as之间可以是形容词、副词,也可以是名词,如果涉及数量可以用asmuch/many.as.。as.as还可与twice,threetimes,half等倍数词连用。注意:so.as一般用在否定句中。IhaventgotasmuchmoneyasIthought.我没有我原来想象的那么有钱。IateasmuchasIcould.我放开肚子大吃了一顿。Weneedasmanyrecordersaspossible.我们需要尽量多的录音机。Shesnotsoniceashersister.她不像她姐姐这么好。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213“as/so/how/too+adj.+a/an+n.”构成一种固定结构。如:ItissodifficultabookthatIcantunderstandit.这本书太难了,我读不懂。Howinterestingafilmitis!多么有趣的一部电影!Itstoohardajobforachild.对于一个孩子来说这是一项太难的工作。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要1234567891011121310.Decide on a day to quit.(P19)确定一个开始戒烟的日子。decide on/upon对作出决定/决心(做某事)IvedecidedongoingtoAmericaformyholidays.我已决定到美国去度假。Shedecidedonbuyingtheredshoes.她决定要买那双红鞋。Afterseeingallthecandidates,wevedecidedonthisone.我们见了所有的候选人后,决定选这位。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213decideagainst决定不;决定反对determineon决定(做某事)基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要1234567891011121311.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.(P19)每当你想要吸烟的时候,你就提醒自己:你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。(1)本句中everytime是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次”,类似的名词性短语可用作连词的有eachtime,thefirst/lasttime,nexttime,themoment/minute/second,theday/year等,但forthefirsttime,atthemoment为介词短语,不用作连词。Every/EachtimeIcalledonhim,hewasbusywithhiswork.每次我去看他,他总是在忙着工作。ThefirsttimeIclimbedontothewall,Ifeltnervous.我第一次爬上墙时,感到紧张。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213Nexttimeyoucome,youllseehim.你下次来时就会看到他。IlltellherthenewsthemomentIseeher.我一看见她就会把这个消息告诉她。Ihavebeenhereforthefirsttime.我第一次来这儿。(2)feel like 想要(做)(后面接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式)Idontfeellikedealingwithsuchtouchyproblems.我不愿处理这种棘手的问题。Ifeellikeadrink.我想喝一盅。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213wouldlike同样可以表达“想要”,其语气比用feellike委婉些。具体用法如下:后面接名词或代词,表示具体要某样东西。Idliketwosweatersformydaughters.我想为我的女儿们买两件毛衣。后面接动词不定式,表示“愿望,喜爱”,常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。Iwouldliketoexpressmythanksforallthatyouhavedone.我想对你所做的一切表示感谢。wouldlike后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。Whatwouldyoulikemetodobeforetheparty?晚会之前你想让我做什么?基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要1234567891011121312.Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.(P19)即使非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉,你也不要失望。disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的Iwasgreatlydisappointedin/withhim.我对他非常失望。Theywerebitterlydisappointedattheresultofthegame.他们对比赛结果极为失望。Shewasdisappointedtolearnthatshehadfailedthecourse.她得知那门课没有考及格,很沮丧。Wearedisappointedthatyouwillnotbeabletocome.你不能来,我们很失望。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213bedisappointedin/withsb.对某人失望bedisappointedatsth.对某事失望bedisappointedtodosth.因做某事而失望bedisappointedthat.对失望disappointingadj.令人失望的;扫兴的disappointmentn.失望;灰心;扫兴toonesdisappointment令某人失望的是基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要1234567891011121313.If you weaken and have a cigarette,do not feel ashamed.(P19)如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了,也不要觉得难为情。ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的(常用作表语)Hewassoashamedthathehidhisfaceinhishands.他羞愧地用手把脸蒙住。IbehavedbadlyyesterdayandIamashamedofmyselfnow.我昨天表现不好,现在感到羞愧。Hewasashamedtotellhisfamilywhathadhappened.他羞于告诉家人发生的事情。基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213beashamedof.为而感到羞耻beashamedtodosth.耻于做某事ashamed,shameful与shameashamed指某人因某事而感到羞愧shameful指事情本身可耻、不道德shamen.羞愧,羞耻vt.使人感到羞耻基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213基础导练文本感知知识精要12345678910111213