十十 大大 词词 类类词类词类概念或作用概念或作用例词例词主要句法作用主要句法作用实实词词名词名词 (n.)表示人或事物名表示人或事物名称的词称的词desk, book主、宾、表主、宾、表 代词代词(pron.)用来代替名词或用来代替名词或名词短语的词名词短语的词you, me, his主、宾、表、主、宾、表、定定动词动词 (v.)表示动作或状态表示动作或状态的词或短语的词或短语read, write谓语谓语词类词类概念或作用概念或作用例词例词主要句主要句法作用法作用实实词词形容词形容词 (adj.)修饰名词，说明修饰名词，说明人或事物是什么人或事物是什么样的样的beautiful 定、表、补定、表、补 副词副词 (adv.)修饰动词、形容修饰动词、形容词、副词、全句，词、副词、全句，说明时间、地点、说明时间、地点、方式、程度等方式、程度等here, there, then, soon状语、表语状语、表语(仅限仅限here, there, up等等) 数词数词 (num.)表示数量或顺序表示数量或顺序 three, third主、宾、定、主、宾、定、表表词类词类概念或作用概念或作用例词例词主要句主要句法作用法作用虚虚词词冠词冠词(art.)在名词前辅助说明名在名词前辅助说明名词含义的词词含义的词a, an, the不能单不能单独作句独作句子成分子成分,因此因此叫虚词叫虚词介词介词(prep.)在名词、代词、动名在名词、代词、动名词等前面，说明该词词等前面，说明该词与别的词之间的关系与别的词之间的关系in, on, at, for, during连词连词(conj.)连接词与词、短语与连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子短语、句子与句子and, but, or感叹词感叹词(int.)表示喜悦、惊讶等情表示喜悦、惊讶等情感感ah, oh, hi1. 同一个词可以是不同词类但词义相同。如：同一个词可以是不同词类但词义相同。如：His success was achieved by hard work.他靠努他靠努力工作而获得成功。力工作而获得成功。(名词，作名词，作by的宾语的宾语)If you work hard, youll succeed sooner or later.如果你努力工作，总有一天会成功。如果你努力工作，总有一天会成功。(动词，动词，作谓语作谓语)注：注：2. 同一个词可以是不同词类且词义不同。如：同一个词可以是不同词类且词义不同。如：The book received a favorable review.这本书这本书赢得了好评。赢得了好评。(名词，作主语名词，作主语)Laurie booked herself a flight home.劳里为自劳里为自己预订了回家的机票。己预订了回家的机票。(动词，作谓语动词，作谓语)写出下列句中画线词的词性和汉语大意。写出下列句中画线词的词性和汉语大意。1. She has boxed up all her books. 作谓语，是动词，作谓语，是动词，“把把装进箱里装进箱里 (put sth into a box) ”。2. I spent the morning sorting and bagging old clothes. 由由spenddoing sth可知，是动词，将可知，是动词，将装装进袋里进袋里(put sth into bags)”。3. Dont forget to date your letters. 由由forget to do sth可知，是动词，可知，是动词，“在在上写明日期（上写明日期（write a date on）”。4. We can house you if the hotels are full. 作谓语，是动词，作谓语，是动词，“给（某人）房子住给（某人）房子住（provide accommodation for）”。5. The farmer hasnt finished milking. 由由finish doing sth可知，是动词，意为可知，是动词，意为“挤挤奶（奶（draw milk from a cow, goat, etc）”。6. The ambulance nosed its way out of the crowd. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“缓慢前行（缓慢前行（moves forward slowly and carefully）”。7. She nursed her husband devotedly through his last illness. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“照顾，看护（照顾，看护（take care of, look after）”。8. She is progressing in her studies. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“进展，前进进展，前进 (make progress)”9. I guess he sensed that I was a little nervous. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“感觉到感觉到 (become aware of)”。10. Water had to be trucked in to the town. 由由have to do sth可知，是动词，意为可知，是动词，意为“用货车用货车运运(take sth somewhere by truck)”。11. I dont feel secure when I am alone in the house. 作表语，是形容词，意为作表语，是形容词，意为“安全的安全的(safe)”。12. We have done our best to secure the embassy against terrorist attacks. 由由do ones best to do sth(尽力做某事尽力做某事)可知，是可知，是动词，意为动词，意为“使安全使安全(make sth safe; protect)”。13. They were trapped in the burning hotel. 作谓语，是动词，作谓语，是动词，“使陷于困境使陷于困境”。14. She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it. 作宾语，或者说前面有作宾语，或者说前面有a，是名词，意为，是名词，意为“圈套圈套”。15. Through the years, Id run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates. 作作provide的宾语，是名词，意为的宾语，是名词，意为“最新消息最新消息(the latest news or information)”。16. Her father has aged dramatically since she has last seen him. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“look or seem older”。17. As she cried, her eyes filmed over. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“覆上一薄层覆上一薄层”，句意：，句意：她哭得泪眼蒙胧。她哭得泪眼蒙胧。18. Park your luggage here while you buy a ticket. 这是祈使句，因祈使句以动词原形开头，所以这是祈使句，因祈使句以动词原形开头，所以pack是动词，意为是动词，意为“寄存，放寄存，放”。19. Weve got a spare bedroom, if youd like to stay.在名词前作定语，是形容词，意为在名词前作定语，是形容词，意为“多余的多余的”。20. They killed the men but spared the children. 与与killed并列并列, 作谓语作谓语, 是动词是动词, 意为意为“饶恕饶恕, 放过放过”。21. This tire is damaged. Do you have a spare?作作have的宾语，或者说，在冠词后，是名词，意的宾语，或者说，在冠词后，是名词，意为为“备用胎备用胎”。23. Our team has had five wins and no losses this season. 作宾语，是名词，意为作宾语，是名词，意为“胜胜, 赢赢”。句意：我队今。句意：我队今年赛季赢五场而未输过。年赛季赢五场而未输过。22. Her husband subjected her to years of physical abuse. 作谓语作谓语, 是动词是动词, 意为意为“使某人经历或遭受愉快的事使某人经历或遭受愉快的事, make someone experience something unpleasant)”。24. All the main ideas in the article are lifted from other works. 作介词作介词from的宾语，是名词，意为的宾语，是名词，意为“作品作品”。句意：。句意：这篇文章的主要思想都是从其它作品中剽窃来的。这篇文章的主要思想都是从其它作品中剽窃来的。25. The driver stepped on the gas and accelerated the car. 作谓语，是动词，意为作谓语，是动词，意为“踩踩; 踏踏”。句意：司机加。句意：司机加大油门大油门,让汽车加速行驶。让汽车加速行驶。Thank you !