代词代词中考总复习之中考总复习之代词的分类代词的分类中考说明中考说明及及要求：要求：人称代词人称代词 物主代词物主代词 反身代词反身代词 不定代词不定代词 指示代词指示代词 疑问代词疑问代词 人称代词人称代词 数数 单数单数 复数复数人称人称 一一 二二 三三 一一 二二 三三主格主格 I you he she it we you they宾格宾格me you him her it us your them 1.1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格时用宾格Theyalllikehimverymuch. 他们都很喜欢他他们都很喜欢他。Shegavethebookstoyouandme. 这些书是她送给你和我的。这些书是她送给你和我的。 2.2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格人称代词在作表语时，用宾格Whosknockingatthedoor?Itsme.谁敲门？谁敲门？- -是我。是我。 3. 3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 “第二人称，第三人称，第一人称第二人称，第三人称，第一人称” You,sheandIallenjoythemusic. 你我她都喜欢音乐。你我她都喜欢音乐。 4.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 We love our motherland, we hope shell be stronger and bigger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。 The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to Boston. 轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。 5.5.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等距离、时间、环境等Whattheweatherliketoday?Itswindy. 今天的天气怎么样？今天的天气怎么样？- - 有风。有风。Itsaboutfiveminuteswalkfromhometoschool. 从家到学校的路程大约从家到学校的路程大约5 5分钟。分钟。 6.6.it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳平稳Itshardtoreachtheapples. 很难够到苹果。很难够到苹果。Itsgoodforyoutakingawalkaftersupper. 对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。 物主物主代词代词 形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性my mineyouryourshishisher hersitsitsouroursyouryourstheirtheirs 1.1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语作定语 Mybrotherisaworker. 我弟弟是个工人。我弟弟是个工人。 Hisparentsareveryfriendly. . 他的父母非常友善。他的父母非常友善。 3.3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：词的关系： 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词名词=名词性物主代词名词性物主代词 注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。系是单数还是复数。Thesebooksarentours.Oursarenew.(ourbooks=ours)Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.(ourroom=ours) 4.“4.“of+ +名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”表示所表示所属属 Asisterofhis isanurse. 他的一个妹妹是个护士。他的一个妹妹是个护士。 Tomis afriendofmine 我的一个朋友我的一个朋友反身代词反身代词 单数单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves 1.1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语同位语Hethinksmoreofothersthanofhimself. 他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。Thatpoorboywasmyself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。Hehimselfwasadoctor. 他本人就是一个大夫。他本人就是一个大夫。Imyselfcanworktheproblemout. 我能亲自算出这道题我能亲自算出这道题 2.2.反身代词有以下常见搭配反身代词有以下常见搭配enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime byoneself=alone helponeselfto learnsth.byoneself=teachoneselfsth. 注意：注意：oneself有单复数之分有单复数之分*Ienjoymyself.*Children,helpyourselvestosomefish. 不定不定代词代词 不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词的代词all,each,every,both,either,neithernone,one,little,few,many,muchother,another,some,any,no 由由some,any,no,every等构成的合成等构成的合成代词代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词 1.1.some/anysome（一些（一些, ,某）一般用于肯定句中某）一般用于肯定句中Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse. any（一些（一些, ,任何）多用于疑问句和否定任何）多用于疑问句和否定句句Doyouhaveanypicture-books? 注意：注意：somesome有时也可用于表示请求、征求有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中意见的疑问句中Wouldyoulikesomemeat?你想要些肉吗？你想要些肉吗？MayIasksomequestions?我可以问问题吗？我可以问问题吗？CouldIhavesomeapples?我可以吃苹果吗？我可以吃苹果吗？Willyougivemesomewater?你能给我些水吗？你能给我些水吗？2. 2. many/much many修饰或指代复数名词修饰或指代复数名词Therearemanyeggsinthebasket.Manyofuslikeplayinggames. much 修饰或指代不可数名词修饰或指代不可数名词HedoesntknowmuchEnglish. 3.3.another/other another泛指三个或三个以上中的另一泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个个Idontwantthiscoat.Pleaseshowmeanother. other后面接名词，泛指别的、其他后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的的Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?4. the other/others/the others4. the other/others/the others the other the other 1.特指两个中的另一个特指两个中的另一个Hehastwosons.Oneisaworker,theotherisadoctor.2.修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些Tomlikesswimming,andtheotherboysinhisclasslikeswimming,too.others泛指其他的人或物泛指其他的人或物Heoftenhelpsothers.Someareplayingbasketball,othersareplayingfootball.theothers特指确定范围内剩下的全部人特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物或物Therearefiftystudentsinourclass.Twentyofthemaregirls,theothersareboys.5.5.few/afew/little/alittlefew/afew 修饰可数名词修饰可数名词 little/alittle修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词few,little表示否定意义表示否定意义, , 译为译为“没没有几个有几个”，“没有多少没有多少” afew,alittle表示肯定意义表示肯定意义, , 译译为为“有几个有几个”，“有一点有一点” 6.every/each6.every/each every单数名词单数名词, ,表示表示“每一个每一个”, ,强调共强调共性、整体性、整体, ,只作定语只作定语, ,形式上为单数形式上为单数. .不与不与of连用连用 Everychildlikesplayinggames. each表示表示“每一个每一个”, ,强调个性强调个性, ,作定语主作定语主语、宾语和同位语语、宾语和同位语, ,常与常与of连用连用 Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.Eachofthemhasaniceskirt. 7.7.all/none all“(“(全部全部) )都都”, ,表示三者或三者以上，作表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时同位语时, ,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后一般放在连系动词、助动词之后, ,行行为动词之前为动词之前WeareallfromCanada.TheyalllikeEnglish. none“没有没有”, ,表示三者或三者以上都不表示三者或三者以上都不, ,后常跟介词后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可）（谓语动词单、复数均可） Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs. 8.8.both/either/neither both“（两者）都（两者）都”, ,作主语时看作复数；作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数作定语时后跟名词复数Myparentsarebothteachers. =Bothofmyparentsareteachers. neither“(“(两者两者) )都不都不”, ,含有否定意义，含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; ; 作定语时后跟作定语时后跟名词单数名词单数Neitheranswerisright. either“两者中任何一个两者中任何一个”, ,作主语时作主语时谓语用第三人称单数谓语用第三人称单数; ; 作定语时后跟名词作定语时后跟名词单数单数Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.=Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet. 有关词组及应用有关词组及应用bothof/eitherof/neitherofBothofthemswimwell.他们俩都游得很好。他们俩都游得很好。EitherofyougoestoBeijing.你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。Neitherofthemstoppedtohavearest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。他们俩谁都不停下来休息。bothbothandand（谓语动词用复数形式）（谓语动词用复数形式）eitheror/neithernor( (谓语动谓语动词遵循就近原则词遵循就近原则) )BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo.Tom和和Lucy都在二年级。都在二年级。Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.我和他今天都没空。我和他今天都没空。9.9.Something/anything/nothingSomebody/anybody/nobody当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置 Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseinthebox?Nobodycananswerthequestion. .指示代词指示代词 表示空间和时间远近关系的代词表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包包括括: :this/that(单数单数)these/those(复复数数)1.this,these指在方位上较近的人或物指在方位上较近的人或物 that,those指在方位上较远的人或物指在方位上较远的人或物 Thisismyshirt,thatsyours.TheseTVsaremadeinChina,thosearemadeinJapan. 2.2.that,those常指前面提过的东西常指前面提过的东西, ,以以免重复免重复 * *Theseboxesareheavierthanthoseonthedesk. 3. 3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that * *Hewasillyesterday.Imsorrytohearthat.疑问代词疑问代词 用来构成特殊疑问句的代词用来构成特殊疑问句的代词 常常见有：见有：whowhomwhosewhatwhich 通常做主语通常做主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 表语表语Whatmakesyouthinklikethat?做做主语主语 Who(Whom)wereyoutalkingwith?做做宾语宾语 WhichbusdoIneed?做定语做定语 Whatsyourfather?做表语做表语 注意：注意：在口语中，在口语中，Who和和Whom通用，通用， 但在介词后只能用但在介词后只能用Whom Withwhomdidheplaygames?Withwhodidheplaygames?(错错)(2008年广东省汕头市年广东省汕头市)一一Is that _dog? No ._is whiteAhis；His Bher；Itis Che；His Dher；Her中考考什么中考考什么?D(重庆市重庆市2008年年) We like Mr. Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class.A. we B. us C. our D. ours(重庆市重庆市2008年年) When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? _ is OK. Im free these days.A. Both B. All C. EitherD. Neither(2008年天津市年天津市) Is_here?No, John and Bob have asked for leave.A. nobodyB. anybodyC. somebodyD. everybodyTry it out( )1 Is this your football, boys? No, it is not _ A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree. A. her B. its C. its D. hers( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong. A. himself B. he C. itself D. herselfDBC( )4 _ want to see the film. A Every student B Each student C All of students D All the students( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have succeeded. A. the few B. a few C. few D. little( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. EitherDCC( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue and _ are green. A. another, the other B. the other, others C. others, the others D. another, the others( ) 8 I have found _ on the Internet. A. a few informations B. a little informations C. a few information D. a little informationDD( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday. A. each other B. every other C. this and other D. all other( )10 - _ is the man under the tree? - Jims father. A. When B. What C. Where D. WhoBD 11. This stick is _. A. him B. he C. his12. He is always ready to help _. A. another B. the other C. others13. _ is Jacks aunt. A. He B. She C. It14. She sent several cards to _ of her friends. A. some B. any C. no15. _ subjects do you have this term? A. Which B. Whose C. What16. _ of them has a computer. A. Each B. Every C. All17. Can your brother look after _? A. himself B. him C. his18. Which of _ bikes is yours? A. this B. that C. these19. _ are good friends. A. You, he and I B. She, you and I C. I, you and he20. She hasnt brought _ pen today. Will you lend her _? A. her, your B. hers, yours C. her, yours21. Very _ of them knew the hotel. A. few B. little C. a few22. The jacket is too short. Please show me _. A. other B. another C. one23. Some city people grow vegetables _. A. herself B. himself C. themselves用恰当的词填空。用恰当的词填空。1. I am a student. _ name is Lily. I often teach _ English.2. Tom is too young. Please look after _. 3. He is fourteen. _ name is Tom. This book is _. He can look after _.4. Well go fishing later. Would you like to come with _?5. Looking at the boys. _ are playing games. _ names are Mike and Bill. They enjoy _. My myself himHis his himself us They Their themselvesHomework today1.抄考试说明单词抄考试说明单词第第4666个个(每个每个2行行)2.做学考精练做学考精练冠冠词剩下的练习词剩下的练习3.预习预习数数词词