Present perfect tense现在完成时态 1pastpresentEddiehaslivedwithMilliesincehewasborn.EddiehaslivedwithMillieforfouryears.pastpresent4yearsEddiewasbornfouryearsago.一一.现在完成时的含义现在完成时的含义 表示过去已完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与表示过去已完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与“already、ever、just 、never、recently、yet”等连等连用；用；We have just finished the report.He has not returned the book to me yet.He has never visited the Great Wall. 表示过去发生动作持续到现在，常与表示过去发生动作持续到现在，常与“since、for”连用。连用。 I have lived here since I was born. She has been ill for three months.二、现在完成时的构成二、现在完成时的构成WehavelivedinBeijingsincewewereborn.Hehasalreadyhadhislunch.Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.2.现在完成时的否定句现在完成时的否定句1.现在完成时的肯定句现在完成时的肯定句句型句型主语（第一、二人称单、复数）主语（第一、二人称单、复数）+have主语（第三人称复数）主语（第三人称复数）+have+过去分词过去分词主语（第三人称单数）主语（第三人称单数）+has句型句型主语主语+have/has+not+过去分词过去分词+Ihavenotseenthemovieyet.HehasntbeentoBeijingsincethen.Shehasnteatenit.Theyhaventfinishedthework.3.现在完成时的一般疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句句型句型Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+.Haveyoufinishedthework?Hasshearrivedhere?Havetheyeatensupper?4.现在完成时的特殊疑问句现在完成时的特殊疑问句句型句型特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+.HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentotheGreatWall?Howlonghaveyouknowneachother?Whathaveyoufinishedrecently?Yes,have/has.No,havent/hasnt.Yes,Ihave./No,Ihavent.Yes,shehas./No,shehasnt.Yes,theyhave./No,theyhavent.ExerciseExercise对划线部分提问对划线部分提问The girl has learned English for 6 years. I have eaten two apples for breakfast.Howlong has the girl learned English?What have you eaten for breakfast?1.Shehasalreadycleanedthekitchen.(改为否定句改为否定句)She_cleanedthekitchen_.2.TheyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinChina.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ _ they_interestingplacesinChina?3.Thepoordoghasdied.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）_thepoordog_?-No,it_.4.Theyhaveborrowedtenbooksfromthelibrary.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)_books_they_fromthelibrary?5.IhaveeverbeentotheGreatWall.(改为否定句改为否定句)I_beentotheGreatWall.6.Theyhavestudiedheresincetheymovedtothecity.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)_they_here?hasnt yetHave visited anyHas died hasntHow many have borrowedhave neverHow long have studied三、过去分词的构成三、过去分词的构成原形原形过去分词过去分词 原形原形过去分词过去分词travelvisitmovestopstayfinishownshoplearnrepairtravelledmovedstayedownedlearnedvisitedstoppedfinishedshoppedrepairedA.规则动词的过去分词与过去式一致规则动词的过去分词与过去式一致B.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词原形原形过去分词过去分词 原形原形过去分词过去分词thinkputcatchcostgivegrowmakehurtwriterunthoughtcaughtgivenmadewrittenputcostgrownhurtrun原形原形过去分词过去分词原形原形过去分词过去分词feelbringfallwearflysinghaveforgetdrinkkeepfeltfallenflownhaddrunkbroughtwornsungforgottenkeptCompletethesentencesusingthepresentperfecttense.1.They_(finish)theirhomework.2.MrandMrsLi_(notcome)backyet.3.John_(play)thiscomputergameafewtimes.4.We_(notsee)thatfilmyet.5.MrDong_(repair)overtenbicyclessincelastMonday.6.You_(notvisit)meforalongtime.haventcomehavefinishedhasplayedhaventseenhasrepairedhaventvisitedCompletetheconversationusingthecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Millie:(1)_you_(see)anyexhibitionsrecently,Sandy?Sandy:No,I(2)_.Whataboutyou?Millie:Well,I(3)_(see)one.Isawitatthehistorymuseumlastweek.Sandy:Whatsitabout?HaveseenhaveseenhaventMillie:I(4)_(forget)thetitle.ItsaboutchangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Sandy:Oh,yes.I(5)_(hear)aboutit.(6)_yourcousin_(go)withyou?Millie:No,he(7)_.He(8)_(be)verybusythisweek.haveforgottenhaveheardHavegonehasnthasbeenSandy:Didyouenjoytheexhibition?Millie:Yes,Idid.I(9)_(learn)alotaboutBeijingspastandpresent.ItsagoodexhibitionandI(10)_(decide)toseeitagain.Doyouwanttogowithme?Sandy:Sure.Iwontmissitthistime.havelearnthavedecided 1)你已经收到你爸爸的来信了吗？你已经收到你爸爸的来信了吗？2)我已经很长时间没有看见我姑姑了。我已经很长时间没有看见我姑姑了。3)Simon曾经去过几次中国曾经去过几次中国?4)她刚刚写好两篇文章。她刚刚写好两篇文章。5)他们已经去电影院了。他们已经去电影院了。6)Smith夫妇还没有回来。夫妇还没有回来。7)自从上午自从上午9点你就在等他吗？点你就在等他吗？8)人们自从人们自从1998年开始使用这个新机场。年开始使用这个新机场。翻译：翻译：Haveyoureceivedyourfathersletteryet?Ihavenotseenmyauntforalongtime.HowmanytimeshasSimonbeentoChina?Shehasjustwrittentwoarticles.Theyhavegonetothecinema.MrSmithandMrsSmithhavenotcomebackyet.Haveyouwaitedforhimsince9a.m.?Theyhaveusedthenewairportsince1998.用正确时态填空1.Hurry up! Lunch _already _(begin).2._ he ever _(ride) a bike?3.Liming _(hurt) his arm last week. He _ already _(stay) in bed for five days.4.Yesterday, she _(buy) one book in the bookshop. She _ (not read) it since then.5.I _already _(lose) my pen. _(buy) it two days ago.6. He _ (wait) for an hour.7. I _ (not finish) the work yet.8. _ you _ (know) him since then?haswaitedhaventfinishedHaveknownhurthasbegunHasriddenhasstayedboughthasntreadhavelostbought9. We _ (be) there many times in the past 3 years.10. How long _ you_ (stay) at home already?11. He _ (not read) the book before. 12. I _ (hear) from my brother recently.13. Her sister _ (go) to Changchun. She_ (leave) this morning.14. He _ (live) in his hometown since he left here.15. The writer _ (finish) several story- books since 1990.haveheardhavebeenhavestayedhasntreadhasgonelefthaslivedhasfinished现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：1.1.意思上：意思上：现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。响，与现在有关。 一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。一动作，与现在无关。 他已学英语五年了。他已学英语五年了。 He has studied English for five years. 他曾学过五年英语。他曾学过五年英语。 He studied English for five years.（说明他可能还继续学下去）（说明他可能还继续学下去）（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）2.2.结构上：结构上：一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用。一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用。现现在在完完成成时时通通常常与与模模糊糊的的时时间间状状语语连连用用，或或无时间状语。无时间状语。一一般般过过去去时时的的3 3类类常常见见时时间间状状语语： lastlast、ago ago / / yesterdayyesterday、 in+in+过过去去时时间间点点 / / just just nownow、 the the other other dayday等等具具体体的的时时间间状状语。语。现现在在完完成成时时的的4 4类类时时间间状状语语：forfor、since since / / alreadyalready、everever、just just 、nevernever、recentlyrecently、yet yet / till till nownow、 so so far far / / in/during/past in/during/past the the past/last past/last few few yearsyears等不确定的时间状语。等不确定的时间状语。ExerciseHe _(work) in our school for one year.He _(come) to our school last year/in 2002.They _(cook) the supper already.They _ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.hasworkedcamehavecookedcookedLetLets try! Is try! Im sure you can do it well!m sure you can do it well!1.I _(see) the 3D film Avatar. Its amazing! I _(see) it one month ago. 2.-Is your grandfather still alive? -No, he _already _(die). -When _he _(die)? -He _last year(die). 3.I _just _ (hear) of the earthquake in Tangshan. -The earthquake? -Yes, it _(happen) on March 6th, three days ago.4.Mr. Li _(begin) to work in this factory in 1990.He _ (work) in the factory for 20 years.5. The Greens _(live) in China since they _(move) here in 2003.haveseensawhasdieddiddiediedhaveheardhappenedbeganhasworkedhaslivedmovedPresent perfect tense现在完成时态 2 He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years.He has studied French. ( (他学过法语。他学过法语。) )这句话所说明的结果是他现在懂法语。这句话所说明的结果是他现在懂法语。Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. ( (他已经擦过黑板了。他已经擦过黑板了。) )这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。用法用法1 1：表示过去开始的动作或状态已经结束，但是对：表示过去开始的动作或状态已经结束，但是对现在有影响。现在有影响。这种用法常与这种用法常与already、ever、just 、never、recently、yet、 before等连用等连用. oI _ (do) my homework already.oHe _(not finished) his homework yet.o_you ever _(be) to Beijing?oWe _ never _ (see) such an exciting match before.oMother _ just _(clean) the house. Please dont come in.oThey _(practice) this dialogue twice.havedonehasnotfinishedHavebeenhaveseenhascleanedhavepracticed时间副词和时间短语具体用法时间副词和时间短语具体用法:1.副词副词already和和yet：already一般用于肯定一般用于肯定句中，句中，yet一般用于否定句和一般用于否定句和疑问句中。疑问句中。Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.我们已完成作业了。我们已完成作业了。Theyhaventfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.他们还没有完成作业。他们还没有完成作业。-IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我从未去过长城。我从未去过长城。2.副词副词ever和和never：多用于否定或疑问：多用于否定或疑问句中，表示句中，表示“曾经曾经”或或“从未从未“等。等。-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗你曾经去过长城吗?Hehasjusteatentenapples.他刚吃完十个苹果。他刚吃完十个苹果。3.用用just表示到说话时为止的时间状语。表示到说话时为止的时间状语。Ihavejustseenher,butIdontknowwheresheisnow.我刚看见她，但我不知道她现在在哪。我刚看见她，但我不知道她现在在哪。注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有alreadyalready或或just just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already already 或或just just 去掉，在句末加上去掉，在句末加上yet. yet. I havent seen the film yet. I have done my homework already.I havent done my homework yet. Mother has just cleaned the house.Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet. I have seen the film already. 用法用法2：表示动作或状态从过去开：表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来始一直延续到现在甚至将来I have lived here for twenty years.She has moved to Beijing since she was born.They have changed a lot over these years. LetLet try! try!用用since或或for填空：填空：1.I have been at this school _ more than two years.2. She has worked in the factory _ ten years ago.3. Mr. Green has lived in the city _ he was born.4. His father has been a party member _ twentyyears.forforsincesince切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：其相对应的延续性动词： buy borrow open close leave die join begin -have-keep-beopen-beclosed-beaway-bedead-beamemberof-beon如如:Ihaventseenhimfortwoyears.我两年没有见过他了。我两年没有见过他了。4.表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在的时间状语一直持续到现在的时间状语:sofar/tillnow,for+一段时间一段时间,since。MrsLihastaughtinourschoolsincesheleftnormaluniversity.李老师从师范大学毕业以后就在我们李老师从师范大学毕业以后就在我们学校教书了。学校教书了。()1.Ihavefinishedmyhomework_.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework_?A.yet,yetB.yet,alreadyC.already,yetD.already,already单项选择单项选择:()2.IhaventseenKate_4months.A.AlreadyB.sinceC.forD.yet()3.Hehas_seenthefilmHarryPotter.Soheknowsnothingaboutit.A.alreadyB.everC.neverD.yet()4.Shehasbeenillinbed_twodaysago.A.sinceB.inC.duringD.for()5.Haveyouseenhim_?No,Ihavent.A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.recently()6.Ihave_watchedawonderfulfilm.Itsreallyinteresting.A.yetB.justC.justnowD.never()7.Mike_thebookshop.Ihavetowaitforhim.A.wenttoB.wasinC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto()8.Oh,MrsKing,yourdresslooksverynice.Isitnew?No,I_itsincetwoyearsago.A.hadB.boughtC.havehadD.havebought()9. _you_aticketforthefootballmatch? Notyet.A.Is,boughtB.Are,boughtC.Has,boughtD.Have,bought()10.Whatanicedog!Howlonghaveyouhadit?_twoyears.A.ForB.SinceC.InD.Before()11.Greatchanges_inChinasince1978.A.washappenedB.havehappenedC.havebeenhappenedD.happened()12.Tom_alotoffriendssincehecametoChinalastyear.A.madeB.makesC.ismakingD.hasmade()13.“TheWorldWithoutThieves”isaverymovingfilm.I_ittwicealready.A.willseeB.sawC.seeD.haveseen()14.They_sincethefactoryopened.A.haveworkedthereB.haveworkedhereC.workedthereD.workedhere()15.Lucy,_you_yourticket?Notyet.A.did,findB.have,foundC.has,foundD.do,find()16.WhatareyougoingtodothisSaturday?I_yet.A.haventdecidedB.wontdecideC.amnotdecidedD.didntdecideThe endhave/has gone to have/has been in have/has been to 1.A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei? B: He _his school library.2.The Greens _China for three years. We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.hasgonetohavebeeninhavebeento BAABB stay A她以前曾去过上海。她以前曾去过上海。 She has been to Shanghai before. 他在上海他在上海1010年了。年了。 She has been in Shanghai for ten years. 他去上海了。他去上海了。He has gone to Shanghai.