商务英语实训教程 （上册 ）教师参考 Unit 5 教师用书 Unit ( 5 ) Stimulation and InnovationPre-reading questionsHow do you think acquire an outstandingManager? Firstly he or she has inherent power; Secondly regardless of what motives one has, he or she has the style to rigorous able; Thirdly he or she is not afraid to fail, and committed to the goal of achieving; Fourthly he or she must be responsible for the job. 【文本翻译】 激励创新激励创新 迈克乔治的X理论与Y理论 根据道格拉斯 迈克乔治（1996）的理论，对普通人有两套完全不同的假设，这两套假设会导致不同的管理模式。第一组假设，即X理论，内容如下： 普通人对某种工作有与生俱来的厌恶，并极力地回避该工作。 人必须在被强迫，控制，指引，甚至被惩罚的情况下才能激发出对工作需付出的足够的努力。 激励创新激励创新 人更愿意被引导，回避责任，缺乏抱负和野心，以最基本的安全需求作为动力。 机构组织内部形成传统的纪律，政策，步骤及处分纪律的假设都以X理论为基础。可以取代它的另外一套假设为Y理论，内容如下： 在工作中所付出的体力和精力的消耗，如玩耍对于孩子一样自然 目标一旦确定，人会自觉地做出自我导引，自我控制。 目标的承诺是与成就相关的一项回报 激励创新激励创新 在适当的条件下，人不仅接受，并且会主动承担责任.。 在解决组织问题时，人很愿意发挥自己的想象力，智慧和创造力。 人的潜能往往只被利用了一部分。 愿意接受Y理论的管理者会公布信息，分配责任，他们会向员工解释做事的理由和原因，征集可以更好完成工作的想法和建议，并且以人们乐于接受的方式去对待他们。不用说，本书所讨论的意见和行为都以Y理论为基础。 New Words词汇教学重点：词汇教学重点：1. adequate dikwit; dkwit 例句1：His knowledge is adequate to do this job well.他的知识足可胜任这 项工作。 例句2：The supply is not adequate to the demand.供不应求。2. alternative :lt:ntiv 例句1：What is the alternative to firing half the staff?除了解雇一半的职员 外，还有什么别的选择? 例句2：Do you have an alternative solution to the problem?你有没有别的 办法来解决这个问题?3. approach prut 例句1：He is systematic in his approach to work.他工作起来井井有 条。 例句2：Workers, above all, will know how to approach the problem correctly. 工人们最懂得怎样正确地处理这个问题。4. assumption smpn 例句1：The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.这一计划是以经济发展的设想为 依据的。 例句2：His assumption of office was welcomed by everyone.他的到 职为大家所欢迎。5. coerce ku:s 例句1：The market, coerce we undertake adjustment to rasorial course of study.市场,逼迫我们对家禽业进行调整。 例句2：The way in which the man of genius rules is by persuading an efficient minority to coerce an indifferent and self-indulgent majority“ (James Fitzjames Stephen).“这个天才的管理方式是说服 高效率地少数人来强制那些冷漠的、自我放纵的多数人”。（詹 姆斯菲次詹姆斯斯蒂芬）。6. commitment kmitmnt 例句1：Do we have a commitment for an on-site customer?我们有一个 现场客户的承诺吗? 例句2：We made a commitment to keep working together.我们承诺一起继 续工作。7. consequent knsi.kwent 例句1：Trade depression was consequent on economic crisis.经济危 机引起了贸易萧条。 例句2：This is due to its inflation and consequent unemployment.这是由 通货膨胀以及随之而来的失业造成的。8. distinct distikt 例句1：A strike is now a distinct possibility.目前罢工确有可能发生。 例句2：Several distinct articles lumped as one.几个明显的货物品种被 混为一种。9. disciplinary disiplineri 例句1：The company will be taking disciplinary action against him.公司将 对他进行纪律惩罚。 例句2：The exercise of disciplinary power is a corrective function of the employer.执行纪律的权力乃是资方的一种纠正职能。10. expenditure ikspendit 例句1：The clerk reckoned the expenditure last week with an abacus. 那 位职员用算盘将上周的花销计算出来。 例句2：My expenditure is conditioned by my income我的支出受我的收 入限制。11. ingenuity .indinju:iti 例句1：Each phase will put ingenuity and engineering to the ultimate test. 对所有参与设计与工程的工作人员来说，这将是莫大的考验。 例句2：His methods were all stamped with tenacity of purpose, wit originality and ingenuity.他的业绩表明他坚韧不拔有创建，足 智多谋。12. inherent inhirnt; inhirnt 例句1：There is an inherent weakness in the design.这设计本身弱点。 例句2：The manager dont find her inherent ability.经理没有发现她潜在 的才能。13. intellectual.intlektul 例句1：Hes a kind of intellectual superman.他是智力超常的人。 例句2：We admired his intellectual providence to acquire vast stores of dry information.我们钦佩他收集大量原始资料的远见 卓识。14. motivate mutiveit; mut.veit 例句1：Train and motivate a sale staff of eighteen.招收和培训了18个销 售人员。 例句2：Able to manage, train and motivate the team.有管理、培训及激 励团队的能力。15. postulate pstjuleit; pst.leit 例句1：They postulate excessive increase in price.他们把物价过度增长 视为当然。 例句2：Lets postulate that she is an outstanding manager.我们假定她是 一位杰出的经理。16. primarily praimrili 例句1：He is primarily liable for his debt.他对债务负主要责任或他是主 要债务人。 例句2：What size customers does your product primarily target?该产品的 主目标客户量？17. state steit 例句1：The state of the economy is very worrying.目前的经济状况令人 十分担忧。 例句2: Please state your name, age and occupation.请说明姓名、年龄和 职业。18. utilizeju:tilaiz 例句1：What criteria do you utilize in selecting employees?在筛选雇员 时你使用仕么标准? 例句2：Very few of our customers utilize this option.大多数顾客会选择 利用这种方式。Phrases1. put forth 例句1：What motivates you to put forth your best effort? 什么激发 了你的动力？ 例句2：What makes you put forth your greatest effort? 什么使你付 出了最大的努力？2. associate with 例句1：I associated with him in business.我过去和他合伙经商 例句2：The small Factory benefited a lot from its association with that big company.这家小工厂与那家大公司交往获益良多。3. needless to say 例句1：Needless to say, he kept his promise.不用说，他信守 了他的诺言。 例句2：Needless to say, being so far inland raises transport costs for exporters. 毋庸置疑，这么远的距离肯定 会使出口产品的物流成本增加。 Business Terms1. Theory X and Theory Y 激励理论 Douglas McGregor (1906 - 1964) is one of the forefathers of management theory and one of the top business thinkers of all time. He was a social psychologist who became the President of Antioch College. He later became a professor of management at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (he was succeeded by Warren Bennis). His book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960) had a profound influence on the management field, largely due to his Theory X and Theory Y.Suggested Keys to English Language ExercisesKey to Vocabulary Exercise 1.A 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C答案辨析1. 题意：毋庸讳言，广告推销产品。needless to say意为 “不用说”； regardless of 意为 “不管，不顾”；despite of 是错误的搭配； in spite of 意为 “不顾,不管”。故 A为正确答案。2. 题意：她希望她的才能能在新的工作中比以往得到更好的发挥。 utilized 意为“利用，有 用”；performed意为“表现”；practice 意为 “练习，实践”；improve意为“改善，提高”。故C为正 确答案。3. 题意：他们推测公司在新人管理下就要垮台了。postulate意为 “假 定，推测”；judge意为 “判 断”；suspect意为 “猜测” comment意为 “评论”。故 A为正确答案。4. 题意：市场逼迫我们对家禽业进行调整。cohere.意为 “粘合，凝 聚，前后一致，连贯”； coerce指意为 “迫使”；coherence 意为 “一致，连贯”； cohabit意为 “同居”。故B为正确答案。5. 题意：工人们最懂得怎样正确地处理这个问题。approach意为 “动 手处理”；near意为“接近，靠近”；find意为 “找到”； get意 为 “得到”。故D 为正确答案。6. 题意：我们离开时，经理伸出手来对我们的访问表示感谢。put forth 意为 “提出，产生， (使)长出”; put up意为“提供，建 造，提高” put forward意为 “提出,建议”; put down “放下”。 故 A为正确答案。7. 题意：经理没有发现她潜在的才能。only意为“唯一的”；unique意 为“独特的，独一无二的，稀罕的”；inherent意为“固有的， 内在”；mysterious 意为“神秘的， 不可思议的”。故C为正 确答案。8. 题意：物价上涨是由于年成不好而导致的。following意为“接着 的，下列的”；subsequent 意为“ 随后的；后来的”； result 意为“结果”；consequent意为“作为结果的，随之发生的， 推论，结论“。故D为正确答案。9. 题意：那些很难与具体存货项目相联系的成本要在公平的基础上 按比例分配。deal with意为 “处理”；associate with意为 “与 . 常在一起，和 . 联想在一起”；associated with 和 dealt with 不是原形。故D为正确答案。 10. 题意：我们要缩减非生产性开支。expense意为“费用，花费；代 价”； cost意为“费用，成本，代价”；expenditure意为“ 开 支，消耗”； price意为“价格”。 故C为正确答案。Key to Comprehensive Exercise 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. F 8.T 9.T 10. TKey to Classroom Oral Exercise （教学建议：教师可以根据同学的情况进行互动造句练习，可以反复练习句型。）1. I would rather.than. 我宁愿,而不愿 Example: I would rather accept the fact that the job can be done better than give up the job. Student A: I would rather stay the small firm and be a clerk than go to that big company to be a manager. Student B: I would rather be an employee than an manager.2. Let me explain why.让我解释为什么 Example: Let me explain why People want to exercise imagination, ingenuity, and creativity in the solution of organizational problems. Student A: Let me explain why you come to this company . Student B: Let me explain why we choose this kind of material for the new product. 3. It goes without saying that. 理应如此/不言而喻 Example: It goes without saying that commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. Student A: It goes without saying that quality is the essential factor for the developing of enterprise. Student B: It goes without saying that good qualities are the guarantee for a good manager.