Unit one 1.To find a best friend is difficult.2.I need to sleep for 8 hours every night.3.I asked him to come over .4.I have an important meeting to attend.5.His aim was to cheer me up.6.You need to apologize quickly to avoid losing a good friend.主语主语宾语宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语定语定语表语表语状语状语1.theto-infinitiveusedasthesubjectToobeylawiseveryonesduty.Totalkwithyourmouthfullisrude.不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数Tofindabestfriendisdifficult.Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.主语太长时，用主语太长时，用it 作形式主语作形式主语1.Is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he2.Todoasmanyexercisesaspossible_necessarybeforeexam.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Itsagoodhabit_breakfastveryday.A.hadB.haveC.hasD.tohave典型例题典型例题2.theto-infinitiveusedastheobjectHemanagedtosolvetheproblembyhimself.Amywantstoknowmoreaboutthefilm.常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,helpHefinditdifficulttolearnChinese.Wethinkitimportanttomasteraforeignlanguage.?不定式后有形容词或名词，通常不定式后有形容词或名词，通常把不定式放后面，把不定式放后面，it 作形式宾语作形式宾语Iwonderwhotoinvite.Idontknowwhattosay.一些动词可以跟一些动词可以跟what/how 或其它疑或其它疑问词问词+动词不定式结构作宾语动词不定式结构作宾语Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_difficulttotellonefromtheother.(2011山东山东)A.itB.themC.herD.that高考真题高考真题3.theto-infinitiveusedastheobjectcomplement:Idlikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy.Theteacheraskedustofinishtheworktoday.TellJacktoclosethewindow,please.advise,allow,forbid,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expectforce,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,think,waitfor,callon,dependon1.Robertoftenasksus_hisChinese,sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.(2007江苏江苏)A.helphimB.tohelphimwithC.tohelpwithD.helpshimwith高考真题高考真题2.MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriends_Chinesefood.(2007甘肃甘肃)A.cookB.cooksC.tocookD.cooked4.theto-infinitiveusedasthepredicative（不定式作表语）（不定式作表语）Mywishistobeadoctor.Ourplanistofinishtheworkintwoweeks.WhatIneedmostnowistohaveagoodrest.当前面的主语为当前面的主语为 aim, intention, purpose, wish, plan时，通常用时，通常用to do 形式作表语。形式作表语。 5.theto-infinitiveusedastheattribute( (不定式作定语不定式作定语) )IhavealotofworkHeislookingforahouseIhavenoonetodo.totalktotolivein.to do 的动作是由句的动作是由句子主语发出子主语发出动词为不及物动词时动词为不及物动词时要加上介词要加上介词1.Ihavealotofreadings_beforetheendofthisterm.（2010山东山东）A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted2.Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西陕西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished高考真题高考真题6.theto-infinitiveusedasadverbialofasentencetoshowreason,purposeorresult:Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting.HewenthometofindhisoldfriendGeorgewaitingforhim.Samwasverysurprisedtohearthenewsonly/just to do 通常表出乎前面意料的结果通常表出乎前面意料的结果so as to, in order to, to 不定式表原因时，不定式表原因时，be动词后常接表情绪类的形容词动词后常接表情绪类的形容词作目的状语作目的状语作原因状语作原因状语作结果状语作结果状语高考真题高考真题Wewereastonished_thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.（2010辽宁）辽宁）A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefoundSimonmadeabigbamboobox_thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.(2011四川四川)A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep7.thecontinuousandperfectformsoftheto-infinitive：IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.Imgladtobetravelingwithyou.Imsorrytohavelostyourkey.MotherhappenedtohavelefthomealreadywhenIgothomelastnight.Ithasbeenanhonorformetohavebeeninvitedtoyourcountry. 时态语态主动语态被动语态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have doneto have been done完成进行式to have been done2.-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing1.Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see4.Iwenttoseehim,_himout.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found6.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented5.Areyougoingtoattendthemeeting_nextSaturday?A.holdingB.holdC.willbeheld D.tobeheld(不带不带to的动词不定式的动词不定式)bareinfinitiveafterlet,makeandhaveIllletyouusemycomputer.Theteacherhadherstudentsfinishtheworkwithin5minutes.Dontmaketheboystandallthetime.注意：注意：当当“make/let/have+bareinfinitive”变成被动语态时，应加上变成被动语态时，应加上to。Theworkersweremadetowork14hoursadaybytheboss.bareinfinitiveafterverbsofperceptionlikefeel,hear,see,watch,observeandnoticeIoftenhearhimsinginthenextroom.Didyounoticeanyoneenterthehouse？Hestoodthereandwatchedthepassengersgoby.bareinfinitiveaftersomephrasesorpatternslikewould rather,had betterandwhy notIdratherstayathome.Whynotgotothebeach?Youdbetternotbelate.Weusethebareinfinitiveforthesecondinfinitivewhentwoinfinitivesarejoinedbyand,or,except,but,than,rather than,asorlike.IforgottoturnoffthelightsandclosethedoorwhenIleft.Wedecidedtostayathomeratherthangotothecinema.在介词在介词but、except之后，如果其前有动之后，如果其前有动词词do的某种形式，的某种形式，其后不定式一般不带其后不定式一般不带to，反之则必须带反之则必须带to，表示，表示“不得不，只能不得不，只能”。例如：例如：HedoesnothingbutwatchTValldaylongIhavenochoicebuttoacceptthefact前有前有do, 后无后无to1.Sandycoulddonothingbut_tohisteacherthathewaswrongA.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmit2.Iusuallygotherebytrain.Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing3.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning4.Janewasmade_thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towash B.washingC.washD.tobewashingTranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish.1.要学好一门外语是不容易的。要学好一门外语是不容易的。2.我们拒绝他们的邀请会显得无礼。我们拒绝他们的邀请会显得无礼。Itsnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Itwouldberudeofustorefusetheirinvitation.3.女士们，先生们，我有一些重要的事情要告女士们，先生们，我有一些重要的事情要告诉你们。诉你们。4.母亲轻轻地走了进来，以免惊醒儿子。母亲轻轻地走了进来，以免惊醒儿子。5.我叫小李给你修收音机。我叫小李给你修收音机。Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Mothercameinquietlysoasnottowakethesleepingboy.3.女士们，先生们，我有一些重要的事情要告女士们，先生们，我有一些重要的事情要告诉你们。诉你们。4.母亲轻轻地走了进来，以免惊醒儿子。母亲轻轻地走了进来，以免惊醒儿子。5.我叫小李给你修收音机。我叫小李给你修收音机。Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Mothercameinquietlysoasnottowakethesleepingboy.IllhaveXiaoLirepairtheradioforyou.