第四章第四章 动词和时态动词和时态第二节第二节 一般现在时一般现在时 知识梳理知识梳理一、一般现在时的用法一般现在时表示经常性、规律性或习惯性的动作或状态。含有always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, every+时间词等时间状语的句子要用一般现在时。如果句子中的主语是第一、第二人称或其他复数形式的名词，动词用原形；如果主语是第三人称单数形式或其他表示单数概念的名词，动词用第三人称单数形式。 如：We finish our homework on time at home every day. He always goes to school at about 7:00 in the morning.二、动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加s。如：readreads,playplays 2. 以s, x, o, sh, ch结尾的动词，在词尾加es。如：gogoes，washwashes 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改为i再加es。如：studystudies，flyflies 4. 特殊形式：havehas，beis三、一般现在时的句型结构1. 含有be 动词的句子 (1)肯定句： 主语+be 动词+其他. 如：Im 14 years old this year. (2)否定句：主语+be动词+not+其他. 如：I am not in Grade 4 this year. (3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他？ 如： Are you from America? 2. 含有第三人称单数形式实义动词的句子 (1)肯定句： 主语+实义动词的三单形式+其他. 如：Mike plays computer games every Saturday afternoon. (2)否定句：主语+does not(doesnt)+实义动词（原形）+其他. 如：Mike doesnt play computer games every Saturday afternoon. (3)一般疑问句：Does+主语+实义动词（原形）+其他？ 如：Does Mike play computer games every Saturday afternoon? 3. 含有原形实义动词的句子 (1)肯定句：主语+ 实义动词（原形）+其他. 如：We study in No.1 Primary School. (2)否定句：主语+do not(dont)+实义动词（原形）+其他. 如：We do not (dont)study in No.1 Primary School. (3)一般疑问句：Do+主语+实义动词（原形）+其他？ 如： Do you study in No.1 Primary School? 考点精析考点精析考点考点1 考查一般现在时的动词形式考查一般现在时的动词形式【例1】用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. He _ (get) up at 7 oclock every day. 2. What time _ he _ his homework?(do) 3. The sun _(go) down to the west.解析:本题考查正确填写动词的形式。在做这类题的时候，要先判断句子的时态。第1、2小题分别体现经常性和习惯性，应该用一般现在时，而he是第三人称，故动词要用三单形式，助动词用does; 第3小题太阳西下是自然规律，用一般现在时。 答案：1. gets 2. does； do 3. goes举一反三1. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 (1) become _ (2) shine _ (3) fly _ (4) teach _ (5) study _ (6) have _ 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (1) He often _(have) dinner at home. (2) The boy always _(teach) his sister maths after dinner. (3) We _(not watch) TV on Mondays. (4) Mike and his father sometimes _(read) newspapers together. (5) Jack _(not ride) a bike to school on Fridays. becomesshinesfliesteachesstudieshashasteachesdont watchreaddoesnt ride考点考点2 考查有关一般现在时句子的句型转换考查有关一般现在时句子的句型转换【例2】按要求改写下列句子。1. Lucy and Lily usually go home together. (改为否定句)_2. Mike often reads English in the morning. (改为一般疑问句) _3We go swimming in summer. (就画线部分提问)_ 解析:本题三个句子都是一般现在时，在变否定句或一般疑问句的时候，我们要考虑借助助动词do或does。第1 小题主语Lucy and Lily 是复数名词，否定句加 dont, 要注意的是usually在否定句中要置于助动词之后，实义动词之前，或者也可以用否定词never 来整句改写；第2小题Mike是第三人称的主语，要用Does开头，其后的动词要用原形；第3小题中的go swimming是动词词组，也就是“做什么”的问题，用“What do”的形式提问,同时注意we 要改成 you。 答案：1. Lucy and Lily dont usually go home together. / Lucy and Lily never go home together. 2Does Mike often read English in the morning? 3. What do you do in summer? 举一反三 按要求改写下列句子。 1. Do you like playing basketball? (作肯定回答) _ 2. My brother has many books. (改为否定句) _ 3. He lives in the village near the mountain. (改为一般疑问句) _ 4. Nancy comes from the USA. (就画线部分提问) _Yes， I do.Where does Nancy come from？Does he live in the village near the mountain？My brother doesnt have many books.过关检测过关检测一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1. sit _ 2. swim _ 3. go _4. make _ 5. run _ 6. write _7. cry _ 8. study _ 9. watch _10. wash _ 11. say _ 12. play _sitsswimsgoesmakesrunswritescriesstudieswatcheswashessaysplays二、单项填空。( )1. He _ to school from Monday to Friday. A. go B. goes C. going( )2. The earth _ around the sun. A. moving B.moves C. moved( )3. Miss Li _ music. A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teach our( )4. _ Linda _ back at seven every day? A. Is；coming B. Does；comes C. Does；comeBBBC( )5. Lily doesnt _ a music lesson in the afternoon. A. have B. has C. having( )6. Both Tony and Peter _ in Class One. A. is B. do C. are ( )7. What _ your mother often _ on Sundays? A. is; doing B. does; do C. do; does ( )8. I _ apples and she _ pears. A. like; like B. like; likes C. likes; likesACBB三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My father _(be) at home today. 2. Jane and Joe _(be) students. They _(be) in the park now. 3. _(be) you a bus driver? 4. We often _(play) on the playground. 5. He _(get) up at six oclock every day. 6. _(do) you _(brush) your teeth every morning? isareareAreplaygetsDobrush 7. What _ he usually _ after school? (do) 8. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, maths, science and art at school. 9. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. doesdostudiesgoes 10. _ (do) Mike _(read) English every day? 11. How many lessons _ (do) your classmates _ (have)on Monday? 12. What time _ his mother _ the housework?(do)Doesreaddohavedoesdo四、按要求改写下列句子。 1. Do you often play football after school? (作肯定回答) _ 2. I have some books. (改为否定句) _ 3. Alices sister likes playing table tennis. (改为否定句) _Yes, I / we do.I dont have any books.Alices sister doesnt like playing table tennis. 4. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句) _ 5. My uncle lives in Shanghai now. (改为一般疑问句) _ 6. Tom does his homework at home. (改为否定句) _ 7. I usually play football on Friday afternoons. (就画线部分提问) _Do you watch TV every day?Does your uncle live in Shanghai now?Tom doesnt do his homework at home.What do you (usually) do on Friday afternoons?五、根据答句写出问句。 1._ I can wash the clothes. 2._ I often clean the room at home. 3._ Yes, she often goes shopping on the weekend. 4._ _ My brother likes drawing pictures. 5._ No,he is a doctor.What can you do?What do you often do at home?Does she often go shopping on the weekend?Whats your brothers hobby? / What does your brother like doing?Is he a driver / teacher / farmer?同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全