高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语一、名词和冠词一、名词和冠词高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语语法精讲语法精讲一、名词一、名词考点一名词的数考点一名词的数1.1.物质名词物质名词( (如如:air,water,milk,paper,money):air,water,milk,paper,money)和抽象名词和抽象名词( (如如:happiness,:happiness, health,knowledge,traffic) health,knowledge,traffic)一般都是不可数名词。一般都是不可数名词。特别提示特别提示要熟记下列名词要熟记下列名词, ,它们在英语中一般是不可数名词它们在英语中一般是不可数名词:advice,baggage/:advice,baggage/ luggage,furniture,equipment,fun,weather,information,luck, luggage,furniture,equipment,fun,weather,information,luck, progress,work,homework,news,word ( progress,work,homework,news,word (消息消息) )等。等。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语有些词有些词, ,以及一些学科名词以及一些学科名词, ,虽然以虽然以“s”s”结尾结尾, ,但意义上却是单数。如但意义上却是单数。如:news:news 新闻新闻;politics;politics政治政治;mathematics;mathematics数学数学;physics;physics物理。物理。有些词有些词, ,通常只有复数形式。如通常只有复数形式。如:compasses:compasses圆规圆规;glasses;glasses眼镜眼镜;parents;parents父母父母 亲亲;shoes;shoes鞋鞋;slippers;slippers拖鞋拖鞋;trousers;trousers裤子裤子;twins;twins双胞胎双胞胎;amusements;amusements娱乐活娱乐活 动动;ashes;ashes灰烬灰烬;brains;brains头脑头脑;congratulations;congratulations祝贺祝贺;in dozens;in dozens成打地成打地;do ;do exercises exercises做操做操;furs;furs皮毛皮毛;Good heavens!;Good heavens!天哪天哪!jaws!jaws嘴巴嘴巴;jewels;jewels首饰首饰; ; mountains mountains山脉山脉;movements;movements活动情况活动情况;muscles;muscles肌肉肌肉;nobles;nobles贵族贵族;take/make;take/make notes notes记笔记记笔记;plastics;plastics塑料制品塑料制品;in rags;in rags衣衫褴褛衣衫褴褛;make repairs;make repairs修理修理; ; resources resources资源资源;in high spirits;in high spirits情绪高昂情绪高昂;stairs;stairs楼梯楼梯;take turns;take turns轮流轮流; ; tears tears眼泪眼泪;tens of thousands of;tens of thousands of好几万好几万;thanks;thanks感谢感谢;troops;troops部队。部队。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语有些名词的单数形式和复数形式表示不同的意思。如有些名词的单数形式和复数形式表示不同的意思。如:arm:arm手臂手臂/arms/arms武器武器; ; cloth cloth布布/clothes/clothes衣服衣服;content;content内容内容/contents/contents目录目录;custom;custom风俗风俗; ;习惯习惯/ / customs customs海关海关;force;force力量力量/forces/forces武装部队武装部队;good;good好事、好处好事、好处/goods/goods货物货物; ; green green绿色绿色/greens/greens蔬菜蔬菜;interest;interest兴趣兴趣/interests/interests利益、爱好利益、爱好;look;look看看/ / looks looks外貌外貌;manner;manner态度、方式态度、方式/manners/manners礼貌礼貌;pain;pain痛苦痛苦/pains/pains辛苦辛苦;paper;paper 纸纸/papers/papers论文、报纸、文件论文、报纸、文件;people;people人们人们/peoples/peoples民族民族;sand;sand沙沙/sands/sands沙滩沙滩; ; time time时间时间/times/times次数、时代次数、时代;thing;thing东西、事情东西、事情/things/things形势形势;word;word单词单词, ,消息消息/ / words words话语话语;work;work工作工作/works/works工厂、著作工厂、著作;wood;wood木头木头/woods/woods树林。树林。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语2.2.不可数名词常用不可数名词常用(a) little,much,a great deal of(a) little,much,a great deal of等修饰等修饰, ,可数名词常用可数名词常用(a) few,(a) few, many,a number of many,a number of等修饰。等修饰。a lot of,lots of,plenty ofa lot of,lots of,plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数可修饰可数名词和不可数 名词。名词。3.3.抽象名词具体化抽象名词具体化 具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事, ,具体指特定的某一件事时具体指特定的某一件事时, ,这一抽这一抽 象名词可作为可数名词。象名词可作为可数名词。 difficulty difficulty困难困难;a difficulty;a difficulty一件难事一件难事 failurefailure失败失败;a failure;a failure一个失败者一个失败者; ;一件失败的事一件失败的事 successsuccess成功成功;a success;a success一位成功者一位成功者; ;一件成功的事一件成功的事 surprisesurprise惊奇惊奇;a surprise;a surprise一件令人吃惊的事一件令人吃惊的事 honourhonour荣誉荣誉; ; an honouran honour一位带来荣誉的人一位带来荣誉的人, ,一件带来荣誉的事一件带来荣誉的事 Failure is the mother of success.Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。失败是成功之母。 His new book was a great success.His new book was a great success. 他的新书非常成功。他的新书非常成功。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语4.4.单数名词变为复数名词单数名词变为复数名词 一般情况加一般情况加-s,-s,以以s,sh,ch,xs,sh,ch,x等结尾加等结尾加-es-es。以。以ce,se,zece,se,ze等结尾加等结尾加-s-s。其他名词。其他名词 复数的变化如下复数的变化如下: : (1) (1)以以-o-o结尾的名词变为复数时结尾的名词变为复数时, ,常在词尾加常在词尾加-s,-s,但下列名词要加但下列名词要加-es,-es,它们是它们是: : hero,echo,potato,tomato hero,echo,potato,tomato高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语(2)(2)以以-f-f或或-fe-fe结尾的名词变为复数时结尾的名词变为复数时, ,一般一般f f或或fefe去掉加去掉加-ves,-ves,它们是它们是:self,:self, life,thief,wife,knife,leaf,shelf,wolf,half life,thief,wife,knife,leaf,shelf,wolf,half(3)“man/woman+n.”(3)“man/woman+n.”变复数时变复数时, ,作定语的作定语的man/womanman/woman和中心词都要变复数。和中心词都要变复数。 men teachers men teachers男老师男老师 women engineers women engineers女工程师女工程师高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语考点二名词的构词法考点二名词的构词法1.1.动词变名词的后缀动词变名词的后缀后缀后缀例词例词-ence,-ence,-ance-anceexistexistenceexistexistence存在存在 occuroccurrenceoccuroccurrence发生发生referreferencereferreference查阅查阅/ /参考参考 preferpreferencepreferpreference更喜欢更喜欢/ /偏好偏好differdifferencedifferdifference不同不同 acceptacceptanceacceptacceptance接受接受appearappearanceappearappearance出现出现/ /外表外表 performperformanceperformperformance履行履行resistresistanceresistresistance抵制抵制 guideguidanceguideguidance指导指导enterentranceenterentrance进入进入 insureinsuranceinsureinsurance保险保险assistassistanceassistassistance帮助帮助endureendurance/toleratetoleranceendureendurance/toleratetolerance忍受忍受高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-sionproduceproductionproduceproduction生产生产 introduceintroduction introduceintroduction 介绍介绍consumeconsumptionconsumeconsumption消费消费 reducereductionreducereduction减少减少 assumeassumption/supposesuppositionassumeassumption/supposesupposition认为认为/ /假设假设 destroydestructiondestroydestruction毁灭毁灭 describedescriptiondescribedescription描写描写interruptinterruptioninterruptinterruption打断打断 adoptadoptionadoptadoption采纳采纳/ /收养收养preventpreventionpreventprevention防止防止 receivereceptionreceivereception接收接收/ /接待处接待处solvesolutionsolvesolution解决解决 evolveevolutionevolveevolution进化进化 suggestsuggestionsuggestsuggestion建议建议 editeditioneditedition编辑编辑/ /版本版本exhibitexhibitionexhibitexhibition展览展览 intendintentionintendintention打算打算/ /意图意图recognizerecognitionrecognizerecognition认出认出 definedefinition definedefinition 解释解释/ /定义定义高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-sionprotectprotectionprotectprotection保护保护 directdirectiondirectdirection方向方向/ /指导指导instructinstructioninstructinstruction指令指令 constructconstructionconstructconstruction建设建设injectinjectioninjectinjection注射注射 infectinfectioninfectinfection感染感染rejectrejectionrejectrejection驳斥驳斥 objectobjection/opposeoppositionobjectobjection/opposeopposition反对反对connectconnectionconnectconnection连接连接 collectcollectioncollectcollection收集收集correctcorrectioncorrectcorrection纠正纠正 inspectinspectioninspectinspection视察视察selectselectionselectselection挑选挑选 electelectionelectelection选举选举restrictrestrictionrestrictrestriction限制限制contradictcontradictioncontradictcontradiction抵触抵触/ /矛盾矛盾 高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-sionreservereservationreservereservation保留保留 preservepreservationpreservepreservation保存保存conserveconservationconserveconservation保护保护 observeobservationobserveobservation观察观察starvestarvationstarvestarvation挨饿挨饿 organizeorganizationorganizeorganization组织组织 civilizecivilizationcivilizecivilization文明文明 realizerealizationrealizerealization认识认识examineexaminationexamineexamination考试考试 determinedeterminationdeterminedetermination决定决定formformationformformation形成形成 informinformationinforminformation通知通知 imagineimaginationimagineimagination想象想象 transporttransportationtransporttransportation运输运输inviteinvitationinviteinvitation邀请邀请 expectexpectationexpectexpectation期待期待tempttemptationtempttemptation诱惑诱惑 adaptadaptationadaptadaptation改编改编/ /适应适应immigrateimmigrationimmigrateimmigration移民移民 imitateimitationimitateimitation模仿模仿高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-sionpreparepreparationpreparepreparation准备准备 exploreexplorationexploreexploration探索探索considerconsiderationconsiderconsideration考虑考虑 declaredeclarationdeclaredeclaration宣布宣布decoratedecorationdecoratedecoration装饰装饰 inspireinspirationinspireinspiration激发激发/ /灵感灵感relaxrelaxationrelaxrelaxation放松放松/ /休闲休闲 communicatecommunicationcommunicatecommunication交流交流occupyoccupationoccupyoccupation占用占用/ /职业职业 satisfysatisfactionsatisfysatisfaction满足满足applyapplicationapplyapplication申请申请/ /应用应用 implyimplicationimplyimplication暗示暗示recommendrecommendationrecommendrecommendation推荐推荐 interpretinterpretationinterpretinterpretation口译口译/ /理解理解 combinecombinationcombinecombination结合结合operateoperationoperateoperation操作操作/ /手术手术高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-sionhesitatehesitationhesitatehesitation犹豫犹豫 educateeducationeducateeducation教育教育locatelocationlocatelocation定位定位 indicateindicationindicateindication指出指出participateparticipationparticipateparticipation参加参加 calculatecalculationcalculatecalculation计算计算appreciateappreciationappreciateappreciation欣赏欣赏/ /感激感激 associateassociationassociateassociation联想联想/ /协会协会separateseparationseparateseparation分离分离 hibernatehibernationhibernatehibernation冬眠冬眠compensatecompensationcompensatecompensation赔偿赔偿investigateinvestigationinvestigateinvestigation调查调查celebratecelebrationcelebratecelebration庆祝庆祝 congratulatecongratulationcongratulatecongratulation祝贺祝贺高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-siontranslatetranslationtranslatetranslation翻译翻译 accumulateaccumulationaccumulateaccumulation积累积累accelerateaccelerationaccelerateacceleration加速加速 donatedonationdonatedonation捐赠捐赠liberateliberationliberateliberation解放解放 motivatemotivationmotivatemotivation动力动力innovateinnovationinnovateinnovation革新革新 concentrateconcentrationconcentrateconcentration集中集中demonstratedemonstrationdemonstratedemonstration游行游行/ /示威示威contributecontributioncontributecontribution贡献贡献 distributedistributiondistributedistribution分发分发promotepromotion promotepromotion 促进促进 devotedevotion/dedicatededicationdevotedevotion/dedicatededication致力致力高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-tion,-tion,-sion-sionfrustratefrustration/depressdepressionfrustratefrustration/depressdepression沮丧沮丧impressimpressionimpressimpression印象印象 expressexpressionexpressexpression表达表达possesspossessionpossesspossession拥有拥有/ /财产财产discussdiscussiondiscussdiscussion讨论讨论 expandexpansionexpandexpansion扩大扩大 extendextensionextendextension延伸延伸 admitadmissionadmitadmission承认承认 permitpermissionpermitpermission允许允许 emitemissionemitemission排放排放 explodeexplosionexplodeexplosion爆炸爆炸concludeconclusionconcludeconclusion结论结论 decidedecisiondecidedecision决定决定dividedivisiondividedivision划分划分 confuseconfusionconfuseconfusion迷惑迷惑 高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-ment-mentadvertiseadvertisementadvertiseadvertisement广告广告 agreeagreementagreeagreement同意同意 amazeamazementamazeamazement惊奇惊奇 astonishastonishmentastonishastonishment吃惊吃惊announceannouncementannounceannouncement通告通告 arrangearrangementarrangearrangement安排安排assessassessmentassessassessment评估评估 developdevelopmentdevelopdevelopment发展发展disappointdisappointmentdisappointdisappointment失望失望employemploymentemployemployment雇用雇用/ /就业就业encourageencouragementencourageencouragement鼓舞鼓舞entertainentertainmententertainentertainment款待款待/ /娱乐娱乐equipequipmentequipequipment装备装备 governgovernmentgoverngovernment统治统治/ /政府政府improveimprovementimproveimprovement改进改进 investinvestmentinvestinvestment投资投资involveinvolvementinvolveinvolvement卷入卷入 managemanagementmanagemanagement管理管理高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-ment-mentpunishpunishmentpunishpunishment惩惩 requirerequirementrequirerequirement要求要求retireretirementretireretirement退休退休settlesettlementsettlesettlement定居定居/ /定居处定居处statestatementstatestatement阐述阐述/ /陈述陈述treattreatmenttreattreatment对待对待/ /治疗治疗basebasementbasebasement以以为基础为基础/ /地下室地下室pavepavementpavepavement铺平铺平/ /人行道人行道achieveachievement/accomplishaccomplishmentachieveachievement/accomplishaccomplishment完成完成/ /成就成就 高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-er,-or-er,-orteachteacherteachteacher教书教书/ /老师老师announceannouncerannounceannouncer播音播音/ /员员conductconductorconductconductor指挥指挥/ /员员-ing-inghearhearinghearhearing听听( (力力) ) beginbeginningbeginbeginning开始开始-ure-urefailfailurefailfailure失败失败 presspressurepresspressure压力压力departdeparturedepartdeparture离开离开-y-yrecoverrecoveryrecoverrecovery恢复恢复 discoverdiscoverydiscoverdiscovery发现发现高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语2.2.形容词变名词的后缀形容词变名词的后缀后缀后缀例词例词-age-ageshortshortageshortshortage不足不足; ;短缺短缺-cy-cyefficientefficiencyefficientefficiency效率效率; ;功效功效fluentfluencyfluentfluency流利流利; ;流畅流畅accurateaccuracyaccurateaccuracy准确性准确性privateprivacyprivateprivacy隐私隐私; ;私密私密-dom-domfreefreedomfreefreedom自由自由; ;自主自主wisewisdomwisewisdom明智明智; ;智慧智慧-ence-encedifferentdifferencedifferentdifference差异差异silentsilencesilentsilence沉默沉默高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语-ness-nessweakweaknessweakweakness虚弱虚弱; ;弱点弱点kindkindnesskindkindness仁慈仁慈; ;好意好意carelesscarelessnesscarelesscarelessness粗心大意粗心大意-th-thstrongstrengthstrongstrength力气力气; ;强项强项warmwarmthwarmwarmth温暖温暖; ;热情热情-y-y-ty-ty-ity-ityhonesthonestyhonesthonesty诚实诚实difficultdifficultydifficultdifficulty困难困难cruelcrueltycruelcruelty残酷残酷; ;残暴残暴safesafetysafesafety安全安全disabledisabilitydisabledisability无能无能; ;伤残伤残responsibleresponsibilityresponsibleresponsibility责任责任高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语二、冠词二、冠词 冠词包括不定冠词冠词包括不定冠词a/ana/an和定冠词和定冠词the,the,不用冠词的情况也可称为零冠词。不用冠词的情况也可称为零冠词。a/a/anan的的基基本本含含义义为为“一一个个”, ,表表泛泛指指;the;the的的基基本本含含义义是是“这这个个, ,那那个个”, ,表表特特指指。通常第一次出现的可数名词前用通常第一次出现的可数名词前用a/ana/an修饰修饰, ,重复出现时用重复出现时用thethe修饰。修饰。考点一不定冠词考点一不定冠词(a/an)(a/an)的用法的用法( (八个八个“一一”) )“一一”(=one)(=one)Ill return in a day or two.Ill return in a day or two.我一两天就回来。我一两天就回来。“每一每一” ” (=per)(=per)We have eight classes a day.We have eight classes a day.我们每天上八节课。我们每天上八节课。“同一同一”(=the same)(=the same)The children are of an age.The children are of an age.这些孩子们同岁。这些孩子们同岁。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语“一类一类”(=(=复数名词复数名词) )A horse is a useful animal.A horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的动物。马是一种有用的动物。“任一任一”(=any)(=any)A dictionary is enough.A dictionary is enough.一本词典足够。一本词典足够。“某一某一”(=a certain)(=a certain)A A Mr.Smith Mr.Smith is is waiting waiting to to see see you.you.一一位位史史密密斯斯先先生正等着见你。生正等着见你。“一个、一场、一次、一个、一场、一次、一件一件”( (抽象抽象名词名词) )As As a a manager,he manager,he is is a a success success while while as as a a father father he he is is a a failure.failure.作作为为一一名名经经理理, ,他他是是位位成成功者功者, ,而作为一名父亲他是个失败者。而作为一名父亲他是个失败者。“一种一种( (份份, ,阵阵)”)”( (物质名词物质名词) )What a heavy rain!What a heavy rain!多大的一场雨啊多大的一场雨啊! !高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语考点二定冠词考点二定冠词thethe的用法的用法1.1.特指上文提及的或读者清楚的或受定语修饰的人或物。特指上文提及的或读者清楚的或受定语修饰的人或物。 Where is the teacher you talked about yesterday? Where is the teacher you talked about yesterday? 你昨天谈到的那位老师在哪儿你昨天谈到的那位老师在哪儿? ?2.2.用于单数可数名词前用于单数可数名词前, ,表示整个类属。表示整个类属。 The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. 老虎濒临灭绝。老虎濒临灭绝。 Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876.Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 18761876年亚历山大年亚历山大贝尔发明了电话。贝尔发明了电话。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语3.3.用于某些形容词、分词前表示一类人用于某些形容词、分词前表示一类人/ /物或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人。物或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人。 The Greens live a happy life. The Greens live a happy life. 格林一家人过着幸福的生活。格林一家人过着幸福的生活。 The wounded were sent to the hospital immediately. The wounded were sent to the hospital immediately. 受伤者被立刻送往医院。受伤者被立刻送往医院。4.4.表示世界上独一无二的事物。如表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:the moon,the sun,the earth,the :the moon,the sun,the earth,the universe,the world,the sky universe,the world,the sky等。等。 特别提示特别提示 当这些名词前有修饰语时当这些名词前有修饰语时, ,则要用不定冠词。如则要用不定冠词。如:a bright moon,a new :a bright moon,a new world world。 有些事物虽然也是独一无二的有些事物虽然也是独一无二的, ,但习惯上却不用冠词但习惯上却不用冠词, ,如如:space:space太空太空, , nature nature自然自然,man,man人类。人类。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语5.5.用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前。如用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前。如:in the east,in the northwest,:in the east,in the northwest, play the piano play the piano。6.6.用于序数词和形容词最高级前面。用于序数词和形容词最高级前面。 Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China. Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China.在中在中 国杨利伟是第一个进入太空的人。国杨利伟是第一个进入太空的人。 This is the best film Ive ever seen. This is the best film Ive ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。这是我看过的最好的电影。 特别提示特别提示 当序数词不表示顺序而表示当序数词不表示顺序而表示“又一又一, ,再一再一”时时, ,用不定冠词。如用不定冠词。如: : a second time, a second time,意为意为“再一次再一次; ;又一次又一次”。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语7.7.用于表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。用于表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。 It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education. to university for further education. 在在2020世纪世纪9090年代五十多岁的人上大学进修并不罕见。年代五十多岁的人上大学进修并不罕见。8.“8.“动词动词+sb.+sb.+介词介词+the+the+身体某一部位身体某一部位”结构中的结构中的thethe不可用物主代词代替。不可用物主代词代替。 take sb.by the arm take sb.by the arm抓某人的胳膊抓某人的胳膊hit sb.on the headhit sb.on the head砸在了某人的砸在了某人的 头上。头上。9.9.用在固定搭配中。如用在固定搭配中。如:by the way,in the distance,in the morning,in:by the way,in the distance,in the morning,in the end,in the direction of,on the whole,on the other hand,the the end,in the direction of,on the whole,on the other hand,the other day,to tell the truth,in the country,all the time,go to other day,to tell the truth,in the country,all the time,go to thecinema,in the open air,on the radio,at the same time,at the thecinema,in the open air,on the radio,at the same time,at the moment moment等。等。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语考点三零冠词的用法考点三零冠词的用法1.1.专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前, ,一般不加冠词。一般不加冠词。 如如:China,America,Smith:China,America,Smith。2.2.表示季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前和学科、语言、三餐、球类运动、表示季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前和学科、语言、三餐、球类运动、 棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词。棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词。 January 1st is New Years Day. January 1st is New Years Day.一月一日是新年。一月一日是新年。 I like physics though its a bit difficult.I like physics though its a bit difficult. 尽管物理有点难尽管物理有点难, ,但是我喜欢它。但是我喜欢它。 I always have breakfast at home and lunch at school.I always have breakfast at home and lunch at school. 我总是在家里吃早饭我总是在家里吃早饭, ,在学校吃午饭。在学校吃午饭。 Some students will play basketball after school.Some students will play basketball after school. 有些学生放学以后打篮球。有些学生放学以后打篮球。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语特别提示特别提示 表示语言的名词之后有表示语言的名词之后有languagelanguage时则要加定冠词时则要加定冠词, ,如如 the English the English languagelanguage。如果表示季节的名词指具体某年的某个季节如果表示季节的名词指具体某年的某个季节, ,需加定冠词需加定冠词, ,如如 in the in the spring of the year 2012spring of the year 2012。在中国的传统节日前用定冠词在中国的传统节日前用定冠词thethe。如。如:the Spring Festival:the Spring Festival。3.3.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作宾语补足语及同位语时称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作宾语补足语及同位语时, , 不加冠词。常用的名词有不加冠词。常用的名词有king,president,chairman,monitor,head king,president,chairman,monitor,head 等。等。 We made Jack monitor of our class. We made Jack monitor of our class. 我们选杰克当我们班的班长。我们选杰克当我们班的班长。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语4.4.在某些固定词组、习惯用语中在某些固定词组、习惯用语中, ,不用冠词。不用冠词。 (1) (1)相对应使用的词相对应使用的词, ,如如father and son,husband and wife,knife and father and son,husband and wife,knife and fork,sun and moon fork,sun and moon等。等。 (2)(2)介词短语介词短语, ,如如from door to door,at noon/night/midnight,in case from door to door,at noon/night/midnight,in case of fire of fire等。等。 (3)(3)动词短语动词短语, ,如如catch fire,catch sight of,come to power,watch TVcatch fire,catch sight of,come to power,watch TV等。等。5.“5.“零冠词零冠词+ +单数名词单数名词+as/though+as/though+主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +主句主句”, ,意为意为“虽然虽然/ /尽管尽管但但 是是”。 Hero as he is,he has some shortcomings. Hero as he is,he has some shortcomings. 虽然他是英雄虽然他是英雄, ,但他也有一些缺点。但他也有一些缺点。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语6.6.常用的固定词组辨析常用的固定词组辨析 at table at table 就餐就餐 at the tableat the table在桌子旁在桌子旁 in hospital in hospital 住院住院 in the hospital in the hospital 在医院在医院 in front of in front of 在在的前面的前面( (外部外部) ) in the front of in the front of 在在的前面的前面( (内部内部) ) go to school go to school 去上学去上学 go to the school go to the school 去学校去学校 in charge of.in charge of.负责负责 in the charge of.in the charge of.由由负责负责 out of question out of question 没问题没问题 out of the question out of the question 不可能不可能高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语真题链接真题链接1.Like many things in life,its 1.Like many things in life,its ongoing process.ongoing process.( (20172017年年1111月浙江月浙江)2.You wouldnt think that a few 2.You wouldnt think that a few (month) of exercise in (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life. your teens would be enough for the rest of your life.( (20172017年年1111月浙江月浙江)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :1.an1.an考查冠词。此处所填单词修饰名词考查冠词。此处所填单词修饰名词process,process,是抽象名词具体化的用法是抽象名词具体化的用法, , 意为意为“一个持续的过程一个持续的过程”。2.months2.months考查名词复数。根据句意考查名词复数。根据句意, ,此处所填单词由此处所填单词由a few a few 修饰修饰, ,因此要用因此要用 复数名词。复数名词。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语3.Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 3.Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small (carrot) (carrot) and was about to throw them away.( and was about to throw them away.(20172017年年6 6月浙江月浙江)4.This development was only possible with the 4.This development was only possible with the (introduce)(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.( of electric-powered engines and lifts.(20172017全国全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :3.carrots3.carrots考查名词复数。考查名词复数。a handful ofa handful of一把一把, ,几个几个, ,后接可数名词的复数后接可数名词的复数 形式。形式。a handful of carrotsa handful of carrots几个胡萝卜。几个胡萝卜。4.introduction4.introduction考查名词。由空前的定冠词可知考查名词。由空前的定冠词可知, ,此处需用名词形式此处需用名词形式, ,动词动词 introduce introduce去去“e”e”加后缀加后缀-tion-tion构成名词形式。构成名词形式。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语5.For Pahlsson,its return was 5.For Pahlsson,its return was wonder.(wonder.(20172017年年6 6月浙江月浙江)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :5.a5.a考查冠词。考查冠词。a wondera wonder一个奇迹。一个奇迹。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语跟踪训练跟踪训练1.As 1.As result,people will eat more food to try to make up forresult,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.( that something missing.(20172017全国全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :1.a1.a考查冠词。句意考查冠词。句意: :结果结果, ,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。 as a result as a result结果。结果。.单句语法填空单句语法填空高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语2.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to 2.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.( travelled to and from work.(20172017全国全国)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :2.crowds2.crowds考查名词复数。考查名词复数。avoid“avoid“避免避免”, ,后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因 为此空前有形容词为此空前有形容词terribleterrible修饰修饰, ,故排除动名词形式故排除动名词形式;crowd;crowd作作“人群人群”讲讲 时时, ,为可数名词为可数名词, ,故需用复数形式。故需用复数形式。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语3.The study was in people who were not parents of the baby,yet they 3.The study was in people who were not parents of the baby,yet they were all responding at 100 meters to these particular were all responding at 100 meters to these particular . . (sound) made by the baby.( (sound) made by the baby.(20182018咸阳二模咸阳二模)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :3.sounds3.sounds考查名词复数。那个研究是在并不是孩子父母的人中间做的考查名词复数。那个研究是在并不是孩子父母的人中间做的, ,然然 而他们都对孩子发出的这些特殊的声音的作出了反应。根据语意和句子结而他们都对孩子发出的这些特殊的声音的作出了反应。根据语意和句子结 构构, ,此处需要名词此处需要名词, ,同时是以复数名词表示类属关系同时是以复数名词表示类属关系, ,因此用复数形式。因此用复数形式。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语4.He seemed to have sensed my discomfort so he tried to ease my 4.He seemed to have sensed my discomfort so he tried to ease my (anxious)by introducing himself.(anxious)by introducing himself.(20182018江西八校二模江西八校二模)5.Cheering from the crowd was mixed with drums and music as local 5.Cheering from the crowd was mixed with drums and music as local community community (group) waved banners,flags,and carry lanterns.(group) waved banners,flags,and carry lanterns.(2018(2018福建泉州模拟福建泉州模拟)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :4.anxiety4.anxiety考查名词。句意考查名词。句意: :他似乎感觉到了我的不舒服他似乎感觉到了我的不舒服, ,所以介绍他自己所以介绍他自己 来减轻我的焦虑。根据句意和句子结构来减轻我的焦虑。根据句意和句子结构, ,此处应该用相应的名词。此处应该用相应的名词。5.groups5.groups考查名词复数。句意考查名词复数。句意: :当地的社区组织举着横幅、旗帜当地的社区组织举着横幅、旗帜, ,拿着灯拿着灯 笼笼, ,人群的欢呼声中伴随着鼓声和音乐的声音。根据语境和句子结构人群的欢呼声中伴随着鼓声和音乐的声音。根据语境和句子结构, ,此此 处所填单词作主语处所填单词作主语, ,同时表示复数概念同时表示复数概念, ,因此用因此用groupsgroups。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语6.Although 6.Although development of these two countries has a lot indevelopment of these two countries has a lot in common,there are some striking differences as well.( common,there are some striking differences as well.(20182018嘉兴一模嘉兴一模)7.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 7.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for . . while.( while.(20182018杭州质检杭州质检)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :6.the6.the考查冠词。此处的句意是考查冠词。此处的句意是“尽管这两个国家的发展有很多的共同之尽管这两个国家的发展有很多的共同之 处处, ,但是它们也有很多明显的不同但是它们也有很多明显的不同”。此处特指这两个国家的发展。此处特指这两个国家的发展, ,因此用因此用 the the。7.a7.a考查冠词。考查冠词。for a whilefor a while一会儿。一会儿。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语8.As you know,there is 8.As you know,there is opening position in my department.opening position in my department.9.She said with the enthusiasm of 9.She said with the enthusiasm of eight-year-old child eight-year-old child having just been presented with a new dog. having just been presented with a new dog.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :8.an8.an考查冠词。句意考查冠词。句意: :你知道你知道, ,我部门有一个空缺的位置。我部门有一个空缺的位置。positionposition是单数是单数 名词名词, ,同时前面的同时前面的openingopening以元音音素开头以元音音素开头, ,所以应该用所以应该用anan。9.an9.an考查冠词。句意考查冠词。句意: :她说着她说着, ,热情地就像是一个八岁的孩子得到了一只新热情地就像是一个八岁的孩子得到了一只新 的狗狗一样。根据句意此处需要一个表示泛指的冠词的狗狗一样。根据句意此处需要一个表示泛指的冠词, ,同时同时, ,因为因为eighteight以以 元音音素开头元音音素开头, ,因此用因此用anan。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语10.Choosing what places to visit in Dubai is difficult,because 10.Choosing what places to visit in Dubai is difficult,because even the hotels there are also amazing even the hotels there are also amazing (attract).(attract).11.He contacted university officials to tell about the 11.He contacted university officials to tell about the . . (possible) of returning the book. (possible) of returning the book.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :10.attractions10.attractions考查名词复数。句意考查名词复数。句意: :在迪拜选择要去参观的地方是一件在迪拜选择要去参观的地方是一件 很难的事情很难的事情, ,因为在那里即使宾馆也是令人惊奇的景点。根据句意此处需因为在那里即使宾馆也是令人惊奇的景点。根据句意此处需 要一个名词要一个名词, ,并且表示一类事物并且表示一类事物, ,因此用名词的复数形式。因此用名词的复数形式。11.possibility11.possibility考查派生词的用法。此处作介词考查派生词的用法。此处作介词aboutabout的宾语的宾语, ,应用提示词应用提示词 的名词形式的名词形式possibility“possibility“可能性可能性”。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语12.More than 300 12.More than 300 (coach) have been invited to the meeting.(coach) have been invited to the meeting.13.To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of 13.To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their all has to know their (strong) and weaknesses.(strong) and weaknesses.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :12.coaches12.coaches考查名词复数。考查名词复数。coachcoach为可数名词为可数名词, ,前有前有more than 300,more than 300,故此故此 处用处用coachcoach的复数形式的复数形式coachescoaches。13.strengths13.strengths考查派生词的用法。考查派生词的用法。andand连接两个并列的名词作连接两个并列的名词作knowknow的宾语的宾语, , 故此处填提示词的名词形式故此处填提示词的名词形式, ,注意此处需要用复数。注意此处需要用复数。strengths and strengths and weaknesses weaknesses意思是意思是“优点和缺点优点和缺点”。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语14.According to the news report,personal 14.According to the news report,personal (possess) of (possess) of guns in the USA causes a lot of trouble. guns in the USA causes a lot of trouble.15.There is a growing 15.There is a growing (tend) for people to work at home (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices. instead of in offices.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :14.possession14.possession考查派生词的用法。分析句子结构可知考查派生词的用法。分析句子结构可知, ,此处用名词作主语此处用名词作主语, , 故此处用名词形式故此处用名词形式possession,possession,意思是意思是“持有持有”。15.tendency15.tendency考查派生词的用法。本句为考查派生词的用法。本句为there bethere be句型句型, ,空格处需要名词作空格处需要名词作 主语主语, ,故此处填名词形式故此处填名词形式tendency,tendency,又根据空前的不定冠词又根据空前的不定冠词a,a,可知应用单可知应用单 数形式。数形式。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语16.Rain falls in summer,and there was 16.Rain falls in summer,and there was heavy rain last heavy rain last night. night.17.As he approached the bridge,the sound got louder and then he 17.As he approached the bridge,the sound got louder and then he saw saw pitiful sight.(pitiful sight.(20172017江西红色七校一联江西红色七校一联)答案及剖析答案及剖析: :16.a16.a考查冠词的用法。考查冠词的用法。a heavy raina heavy rain意思是意思是“一场大雨一场大雨”。17.a17.a考查冠词的用法。设空处后的名词考查冠词的用法。设空处后的名词sightsight作作“景象景象, ,情景情景”讲时讲时, ,为可为可 数名词数名词, ,在本句中表泛指在本句中表泛指, ,故与不定冠词连用。故与不定冠词连用。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语18.Recently when he took 18.Recently when he took look at his collection of books,look at his collection of books, he discovered the old book borrowed 61 years ago. he discovered the old book borrowed 61 years ago.19.He devotes most of his time to football.And I am sure he promises19.He devotes most of his time to football.And I am sure he promises to be to be excellent footballer.excellent footballer.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :18.a18.a考查冠词的用法。句意考查冠词的用法。句意: :最近最近, ,当他查看他的藏书时当他查看他的藏书时, ,他发现了那本他发现了那本6161 年前借的旧书。年前借的旧书。“take a look (at.)”take a look (at.)”为固定短语为固定短语, ,意为意为: :看一看。看一看。19.an19.an考查冠词的用法。根据句意可知考查冠词的用法。根据句意可知, ,此处表示此处表示“一名杰出的足球运动一名杰出的足球运动 员员”, ,又又excellentexcellent为元音音素开头为元音音素开头, ,因此应该填不定冠词因此应该填不定冠词anan。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语20.Nowadays 20.Nowadays most popular means of communication is to send most popular means of communication is to send short messages by mobile phone. short messages by mobile phone.答案及剖析答案及剖析: :20.the20.the考查冠词的用法。此处用在形容词最高级之前考查冠词的用法。此处用在形容词最高级之前, ,应该填定冠词应该填定冠词thethe。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语.语篇语法填空语篇语法填空I I was was riding riding in in a a taxi taxi to to the the bus bus stop stop 1.1. I I was was supposed supposed to to take take the the bus bus to to NYC.It NYC.It was was going going to to be be 2.2. long long journey journey and and I I packed packed some some chocolate chocolate to to eat eat on on the the way way before before I I set set off.When off.When the the ride ride was was over,I over,I paid paid 3.3. driver driver the the due due amount amount along along with with a a tip.He tip.He offered offered to to get get my my suitcase suitcase out out of of the the trunk.I trunk.I collected collected it it and and started walking away.So did he.started walking away.So did he.高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语 However,something However,something in in my my heart heart stirred.4.stirred.4. occurred occurred to to me me that that I I had had an an opportunity opportunity to to perform perform an an act act of of 5.5. (kind).I (kind).I was was so so 6.6. (excite) (excite) that that I I decided decided to to give give away away all all the the chocolate chocolate to the driver.After all,he had served me,even 7.to the driver.After all,he had served me,even 7. ititwas was just just his his job.I job.I gave gave them them away,8.away,8. (see) (see) the the bright bright smile smile light light up up his his face face and and the the eyes eyes shine shine as as if if they they were were the the star star Sirius,and Sirius,and felt felt my my heart heart 9.9. (fill) (fill) with with happiness.It happiness.It was was neither neither a a big big act act nor nor a a very very giving giving one,but one,but it it was was truly truly joyful.I joyful.I believe believe the the kindest kindest 10.10. (thing) (thing) we we can can do do for for others others are are often the simplest.often the simplest.语语篇篇解解读读: :本本文文是是一一篇篇夹夹叙叙夹夹议议文文。讲讲述述了了作作者者乘乘完完车车后后, ,突突然然想想送送给给出出租租车车司司机巧克力机巧克力, ,这个小小的善举让出租车司机很激动这个小小的善举让出租车司机很激动, ,并且作者自己也获得了快乐。并且作者自己也获得了快乐。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语答案及剖析答案及剖析: :1.where1.where考查定语从句。句意考查定语从句。句意: :我正乘出租车去汽车站我正乘出租车去汽车站, ,之后在那里乘公之后在那里乘公 共汽车去共汽车去NYCNYC。因为先行词是。因为先行词是bus stop,bus stop,是地点名词是地点名词, ,且关系词在定语从且关系词在定语从 句中作状语句中作状语, ,所以应填所以应填wherewhere。2.a2.a考查冠词。句意考查冠词。句意: :那将是一段长途旅行那将是一段长途旅行, ,出发之前我带了一些巧克力出发之前我带了一些巧克力 准备在路上吃。此处所缺单词修饰准备在路上吃。此处所缺单词修饰long journeylong journey。3.the3.the考查定冠词。此处所填单词修饰考查定冠词。此处所填单词修饰driver,driver,同时是特指同时是特指, ,所以用所以用thethe。4.It4.It考查代词。句意考查代词。句意: :然而然而, ,我的内心萌生起一些东西。我想到我有这么我的内心萌生起一些东西。我想到我有这么 一个机会来做一个善举。一个机会来做一个善举。ItIt在句中作形式主语在句中作形式主语, ,真正的主语是后面的真正的主语是后面的 that that从句。从句。It occurred to sb.that.It occurred to sb.that.意为意为“某人想起某人想起”。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语5.kindness5.kindness考查名词。根据空前的考查名词。根据空前的an act ofan act of和提示词和提示词kindkind可知可知, ,空处是空处是 想表示行为的特征、性质想表示行为的特征、性质,of,of为介词为介词, ,后面应接名词后面应接名词, ,故填故填kindnesskindness。6.excited6.excited考查形容词。句意考查形容词。句意: :我是如此兴奋以至于我决定把所有的巧克力我是如此兴奋以至于我决定把所有的巧克力 都送给那个司机。所缺单词作都送给那个司机。所缺单词作waswas的表语的表语, ,表示人的状态表示人的状态, ,因此用因此用excitedexcited。7.though/if7.though/if考查连词。句意考查连词。句意: :毕竟毕竟, ,他为我服务过他为我服务过, ,尽管这只是他的工作。尽管这只是他的工作。 根据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系可知根据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系可知, ,这里是让步关系这里是让步关系, ,空前又有空前又有even,even,故故 只能用从属连词只能用从属连词even though/ifeven though/if。8.seeing8.seeing考查非谓语动词。句意考查非谓语动词。句意: :我把它们送给了他我把它们送给了他, ,看到愉快的笑容点亮看到愉快的笑容点亮 了他的脸庞了他的脸庞, ,他的眼睛就像天狼星一样明亮他的眼睛就像天狼星一样明亮, ,我感觉自己的内心也充满了快我感觉自己的内心也充满了快 乐。乐。seesee的逻辑主语是的逻辑主语是I,I,且是主动关系且是主动关系, ,所以应填所以应填seeingseeing。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语9.filled9.filled考查非谓语动词。动词考查非谓语动词。动词fillfill和它的逻辑主语和它的逻辑主语heart heart 之间是被动关之间是被动关 系系, ,故应填故应填filled,filled,在此作宾补。在此作宾补。10.things10.things考查名词复数。根据句意和后面的动词考查名词复数。根据句意和后面的动词areare可以判断此处应该用可以判断此处应该用 复数名词形式。复数名词形式。高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习高中总复习一轮一轮一轮一轮英语英语英语英语