Psychoanalytic TherapyDr. ArraPsychoanalytic TherapyGOALS:Make the unconscious consciousStrengthen egoAnalyze childhood and persons history and see how past behaviors are effecting present behaviorsPsychoanalytic TherapyFreud believed love, work, and play are important for peoplePsychoanalytic TherapyTHERAPIST ROLE AND FUNCTIONBecome involved in unresolved conflicts of clientLittle self-disclosure (fosters transference)Maintain neutralityHelp client understand historical roots of problemMuch analysis around these projectionsPsychoanalytic TherapyHelp client learn and achieve insightsTherapists interpret what client says, does, and does not doPsychoanalytic TherapyCLIENTS EXPERIENCEMeet several times a week for yearsAgree to be active, talkCommit to interventionsTerminate when problem is resolvedGain insight into self and environmentPsychoanalytic TherapyTRANSFERENCE Core of psychoanalytical therapyUnconsciously projecting old, unresolved feelings and attitudes onto the therapistEX: stern father old lover mother excellent fatherPsychoanalytic TherapyGoal of therapy is to work through transferencesExplore unconscious, defenses, and repressed materialInterpret client behaviorHelp client make new choicesHelp client see how past experiences are effecting their current behaviorsPsychoanalytic TherapyHelp clients see how problems are effecting client in their daily livesReveals childhood motivations Counselor: all powerful Client/child: please, angry, acceptancePsychoanalytic TherapyCOUNTERTRANSFERENCETherapist projects unconscious material onto clientTherapist responds irrationally and subjectively to clientTherapists own conflicts are triggeredPsychoanalytic TherapyEX:Unresolved issues with fatherwhen counseling an old manDislike of adolescents, ethnic groupJMU/client example/housePsychoanalytic TherapyTherapist loses objectivity, and becomes emotionalSerious detriment to therapeutic relationshipRefer client, get supervisionPsychoanalytic TherapyMODERN PSYCHOANALYTICALLY ORIENTED THERAPISTSNo couchFewer sessionsMore self-disclosure by therapistMore work with real issues than projected material and dreamsPsychoanalytic TherapyTECHNIQUES:1) Maintain analytical framework - therapist neutrality - frequent sessions - consistency of sessionsPsychoanalytic Therapy2) Free Association2) Free AssociationSay what comes to mindSay what comes to mindFree flow of thoughts and emotionsFree flow of thoughts and emotionsHelps get at unconscious wishes and thoughtsHelps get at unconscious wishes and thoughtsTherapists job is to identify repressed materialTherapists job is to identify repressed materialTherapist interprets material and provides Therapist interprets material and provides insightsinsightsTherapist listen for hidden meaningsTherapist listen for hidden meaningsEX: slip of tongue (can express conflicting affect)EX: slip of tongue (can express conflicting affect)Psychoanalytic TherapyINTERPRETATIONAnalyst explains behaviors in dreams, free associationTranslate clients materialInterpret material client is unaware of and can toleratePoint out resistant behavior, and then interpret emotion or underlying conflictPsychoanalytic TherapyEX: young female client projects very negatively onto an older male therapist; does not trust or like therapist and is afraid of becoming attached to therapistINTERPRETATION: young female has repressed negative events in childhood; father left at an early age, so female, while wanting acceptance and love from father, is also afraid of being hurtPsychoanalytic TherapyDREAM ANALYSISDREAM ANALYSISRepressed feelings/thoughts surface during Repressed feelings/thoughts surface during sleepsleepContent of dreams can symbolic (snakes, Content of dreams can symbolic (snakes, decaying teeth) or apparent (dream as it decaying teeth) or apparent (dream as it appears to you)appears to you)Analyst studies content of dreams and interprets Analyst studies content of dreams and interprets symbolssymbolsDream work is a process of transforming Dream work is a process of transforming symbols into meaningful material with which to symbols into meaningful material with which to work withwork withPsychoanalytic TherapyANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF TRANSFERENCETRANSFERENCEClients react to therapist as though they were a Clients react to therapist as though they were a significant othersignificant otherClients re-experience a variety of feelings they Clients re-experience a variety of feelings they had with that personhad with that personClients see how past effects present functioningClients see how past effects present functioningEffects of past relationships are counteracted by Effects of past relationships are counteracted by working through a similar emotional conflict with working through a similar emotional conflict with the therapistthe therapistPsychoanalytic TherapySTRENGTHSTransferenceCounter transferenceRepression/defense mechanismsClient gains insightLearn from personal pastComprehensive personality theoryPsychoanalytic TherapyLIMITATIONSTakes too longExpensiveNo therapist self-disclosureRequires much therapist trainingTherapist in control/charge of sessionNot much focus on behavior/cognition