中考专题复习动词实义动词1;.学习目标v1.常见及物动词用法v2.不及物动词用法v3.兼作及物动词和不及物动词的意义区别2I hit her.He cut his finger.The sun rises.及物及物 vt.不及物不及物 vi.及物及物 vt.1. 实义动词概念实义动词是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语可把动词分成及物动词（vt.)和不及物动词（vi.)例如：I live in Beijing with my mother.It has a round face. My watch stopped.3是指后面需要使用宾语使其意义完整的动词是指后面需要使用宾语使其意义完整的动词 如：那条狗使这个孩子高兴起来如：那条狗使这个孩子高兴起来. That dog makes the boy happyOn my birthday she gave me a mobile phone as a gift.They asked us to go fishing with them.一、及物动词一、及物动词 (vt)4常见的及物动词buy, catch, dress,find, found, forget, give, invent, like, make,marry, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, serve, take, tell. 5后面只能接动词不定式后面只能接动词不定式(to do-)作宾语的及物动词作宾语的及物动词1.常跟不定式作宾语的动词有:hope(希望)，want(想、要)，fail(失败)，love(喜欢)，pretend（假装），manage(管理)，agree（同意）begin(开始)，need(需)，learn(学会)，agree(同意),decide,determine(决定)，happen（发生）start(开始)，refuse(拒绝)等。Imlearningtoskateonrealice.我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。6后面只能接动名词做宾语后面只能接动名词做宾语(v-ing)的动词的动词只能接动名词做宾语的动词：避免错过少延期avoid,miss,putoff建议完成多练习suggest,finish,practice喜欢想象经不住enjoy,imagine,canthelp承认否定与妒忌admit,deny,envy逃避冒险莫原谅escape,risk,excuse,忍受保持不介意stand,keep,mind71.Lilyfinished_thebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads2.Whatareyoubusy_thesedays?Nothingmuch.A.doB.doingC.todoD.done3.Doyouwanttoeatsomething?_,thanks.Iamfeelingsicknow.Idontfeellike_.A.Yes;eatingsomethingB.No;toeatanythingC.Yes;toeatanythingD.No;eatinganything4.Nomatterhowharditis,wellkeep_untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.tryingBBDD8后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：1.begin,start(开始)，like,love,perfer(喜爱),hate(憎恨)，continue(继续)可以接动词不定式或-ing形式作宾语。+todo+doing表示具体的动作表示具体的动作表示习惯行为表示习惯行为Ilikeswimming.我喜欢游泳。Iliketogoswimming.我现在想去游泳。9后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：2.stop(停止)，forget(忘记)，remember(记得)，try(试)，goon(继续)等动词接不定式和-ing形式意义有区别。试比较：stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止(正在)做某事goontodosth.接着做另一件事(已做完一件)goondoingsth.继续做(原来未做完的)某件事）forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(还未做)forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已经做)remembertodosth.记住去做某事(还未做)rememberdoingsth.记住曾做过某事10其他：trytodosth.尽力做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着某事canthelptodosth不能帮忙做某事canthelpdoing忍不住做某事1.Ifyoudontfeelwell,youmayjust_A.stoppedreadingB.stopreadingC.stoppedtoreadD.stoptoreadB113.need,want,require（要求，需要）,deserve(应得，值得),beworth(值得），后面接doing主动表被动。Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。Theoldbuildingrequiresrepairing.这座古建筑需要修了。Theseyoungtreeswillrequire/needlookingafter.12(5) 后面接双宾语的及物动词有：后面接双宾语的及物动词有：动词tell(叫，让)，ask(请求)，want(希望)，order(命令)，get(使)，wish(希望)，warn(警告)，teach(教)，invite(邀请)等动词后常跟不定式作宾语的补足语，构成tell/ask.sb.todosth.“叫/请某人做某事”句型。Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?请你让他给我打个电话，好吗？1.Mymotheroftenasksme_early.A.getupB.gotupC.gettingupD.togetu2.YesterdayafternoonMrsGreentoldtheboys_footballintheclassroom.A.didntplayB.tonotplayC.notplayD.nottoplayDD13(3) 后面接不带后面接不带to的不定式的不定式1.使役动词let(让)，make(使)，have(使)等;跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语2.感官动词see(看见)，hear(听见)，feel(感到)，watch(观看)，notice(注意到)，lookat(看)，listento(听)等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语WhatmakesyouthinkImafarmer?你凭什么说我是农民？Awomansawithappenwhenshewaswalkingpast.14感官动词（see）+sbdodoingsth+sbdoingsth表示看见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生）表示看见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生）表示看见某人做了某事表示看见某人做了某事（整个动作过程）（整个动作过程）151.“DontalwaysmakeMichael_thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.A.doB.todoC.doesD.did2.“Mr.Zhu,youdbetter_toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight.”saidthedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat3.Tracycantplaythematchnow.Please_instead.A.haveLilydoitB.haveLilytodoitC.makeLilytodoitD.letLilytodoit4.Ihearsomeone_atthedoor.Pleasegoandseewho_is.A.knock;itB.knocking;itC.knocking;heD.knock;heACAB16My watch stopped.It happened in June， 1932.She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.I used to live in the countryside.The foreigners arrived （at our school this morning）.You must wait (for your turn).不及物动词只能用于不及物动词只能用于“主谓主谓”结构结构,但是可加任意状语。但是可加任意状语。或者理解成：后面需要宾语时，必须加上相应的介词，如或者理解成：后面需要宾语时，必须加上相应的介词，如to, of , at，on, for 等。等。二、不及物动词：后面不能直接跟宾语17常见的不及物动词agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed.18 兼作及物动词和不及物动词兼作及物动词和不及物动词Shall I begin at once?She began working as a librarian after she left school.When did they leave Beijing?They left last week.Shes studying medicine.She studies hard.Shes typing a letter.Shes typing.Dont move my things.The train is moving now.意意义义相相同同19She couldnt stand the cold.Dont stand in the rain.Wash your hands before meals.Does this cloth wash well.意意义义不不同同201.Lilyfinished_thebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads2.Whatareyoubusy_thesedays?Nothingmuch.A.doB.doingC.todoD.done3.Doyouwanttoeatsomething?_,thanks.Iamfeelingsicknow.Idontfeellike_.A.Yes;eatingsomethingB.No;toeatanythingC.Yes;toeatanythingD.No;eatinganything4.Nomatterhowharditis,wellkeep_untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.tryingBBDD211.“DontalwaysmakeMichael_thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.A.doB.todoC.doesD.did2.“Mr.Zhu,youdbetter_toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight.”saidthedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat3.Tracycantplaythematchnow.Please_instead.A.haveLilydoitB.haveLilytodoitC.makeLilytodoitD.letLilytodoit4.Ihearsomeone_atthedoor.Pleasegoandseewho_is.A.knock;itB.knocking;itC.knocking;heD.knock;heACAB22总练习1.Theteachertoldherstudents_inpublic.A.nottoshoutB.didntshoutC.notshoutD.tonotshout2.Ihavefinished_thisbook.Youcantakeitaway.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.reads3.Look!Howheavytherainis!Youdbetter_.A.dontgonowB.stayherewhenitstopsC.notleaveuntilitstopsD.nottoleaveatonce4.Lethim_arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongwalk.A.haveB.getsC.totakeD.has5.Thelibraryneeds_,butitllhavetowaituntilSunday.A.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleanedACCAA2324