Teachingaim:1.Helpstudentslearnthedefinitionandfunctionofdirectspeechandreportedspeech,2.Helpstudentslearnhowtochangedirectspeechintoreportedspeechindifferenttensesandsentencestructure.Module4Unit1ADVERTISEMENTGrammarandusagedirectspeechandreportedspeech昆磕宿耶坍股审缴灾臂须酗胸垃荐砰脚挂陋凸撞战郝展阀井嚷聚乖譬烘徐直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语盅挛第畅侵擎倔饵弹盏协环觉警撑笛嫩恢绘过洒对过绕编超吱捻苟捣壶撞直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件directspeechreportedspeechWeusedirectspeechtoreportwhatexactlyhasbeensaid.Ifwewritethespeechdown,thewordswillusuallyappearinquotationmarks.磕猜侯妊惮黎鸽纬凹剂阵皂氖卯夹擒苑痪濒冬肝犯谢卯吗幂茨夹赂翼轿港直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件砰腰乃淡幢邓宿暗至释冰庞臻鸯绷襄辉踏料桑塘镊柜蓄管隐墟秦菇叉攘撮直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件垮蒜净蚊积代灾邓杂纤旦非辣斜袖图侮睡熔淌工匆程肥伟吊差呀苹翰伦普直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件一、一、如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语的原来直接引语的原来时态时态。例如：例如：直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1）Hesays,“Iamverybusytoday.”1）Hesaysthatheisverybusytoday.2）Hewillsay,“Ihavewateredtheflowers.”2）Hewillsaythathehaswateredtheflowers.力规亲伺扎若宙懊畸慈肌粕刺涧三袜拯幢误惺邹福萝蚁硅旨兄尤碾森冠嚣直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件Examples:Examples:壳樊拯咸梯吾磊户症破秒杂汁檄刘缆规棚诉雍遗话主盾褒钨香回幂缝遁绊直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件4)“Ihavereceivedtheletter,”Tomsaidtome.4)Tomsaidtomethathehadreceivedtheletter.3)Hesaid,”ImleavingforBeijingthisafternoon.”3)HesaidthathewasleavingforBeijingthatafternoon.Examples:Examples:磐舍忍习歧与网包递咎洽钵敏噎蹿敌建葱狰秘孤会天灾棵号绣寡雷峰冗柄直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件Examples:Examples:骨拎乘拷醇弄逆皮职刺错圃蛮渐漏炒客照梦浦韧孟侗崇帛选旁巳阳府蠢眩直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件二、如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，二、如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句谓语动词的时态通常要作相应的变化。规则如下从句谓语动词的时态通常要作相应的变化。规则如下(时态呼应时态呼应)直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时琅肆诬属缸湿优湖耶伤夸率脊坦耳坊庇等玖把避倪双骨诛熬康扁斩毕涨坦直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件 1 . 1 .直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变接引语时，时态不变Eg:1)Thegeographyteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.SpecialcaseHe said that magnet attracts iron. 2)Hesaid,“Magnet(磁铁磁铁)attractsiron.”扰罗醒俺堕苟堂锯旨顽捐粟奄趁顽子剂尘礁误溅攻谩膝肝谓占丘田写擂缕直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件2.如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可可不变不变Eg:1) The children said, “We love this game.” They told us that they love that game.线悦互句篷兰跑达肖陡纵散畏刃猎箩蕊猴成伟单围咏姬听滥某廓蚌去琉积直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件侯翻育鸭蚜斧综见茁擂穷郭漳橇狙洲迷汗互脐斤层儒减纸俯鄂稚歉费肯湛直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件防踏小仆仍肄建炕邑志憨祟涎特呵鹿墒伙陇乍敲奎摔崇镍灰狙溪婶杭稽复直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件代词等一般也应作相应的变化代词等一般也应作相应的变化,变化方法如下表：变化方法如下表：在直接引语中在直接引语中在间接引语中在间接引语中指示代词指示代词表示时间表示时间的词的词表地点的词表地点的词动词动词this/thesethat/thosenow/todaythen/thatdaythisweek(month)thatweek(month)yesterdaythedaybeforelastyeartheyearbeforethepreviousyearetcthreedaysagothreedaysbeforenextweek(month)thenextdaythenextweek(month)tomorrowheretherecomego给筑阮惹多磊幸滞蕊疡鄙衣斥墅惯放怨嫌蜀悠涤淡岛赛寻那西噪操憎掇废直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件Howtoreportstatements,questionsandimperative?局墒喀所雄艰我降测骏俭米穷耍窑筐渝饯丑孽裙辉谴圣渣骡歹跋肠抑哭酬直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件陈述句陈述句(statements)变为以变为以that引导的引导的宾语从句宾语从句(陈述句序陈述句序),例如：例如：直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1.Shesaid,“Ourtrainwillarriveinfiveminutes.”Shesaid(that)theirtrainwouldarriveinfiveminutes.一）一） To report statements,We use object clauses introduced by “that” 2.“PSAsareoftenplacedforfree,”thewritersaid.ThewriterexplainedthatPSAsareoftenplacedforfree.Besides “tell, say”, the following words are also used to report statements:advise agree explain insist promise warn remind suggest爽省棍羊如轻急吭拘鹤卖匝卜劲醋屿斑苹涩晰不灸噶抨擦诅絮蚂腐正祁韦直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件一般疑问句变成一般疑问句变成if(whether是否是否)引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。Eg:直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1）Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”1）HeaskedJohnif/whetherhecouldswim.2）Theteacheraskedtheclass“Haveyouallunderstoodme?”2）Theteacheraskedtheclassif/whethertheyhadallunderstoodher.二二) To report yes / no-questions, We use object clauses introduced by whether / if曰食磅鳖俐金参往媚渗萌疽隅拳驴浴衰谦权所匪企守叹形距檄孟袁脊祸京直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件特殊疑问句变为由特殊疑问句变为由who,what,when,why,who,how等疑问词引导的宾语从句。等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg:直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1）Georgesaid,“WhenwillyougetbackfromLondon,John?”1）GeorgeaskedJohnwhenhewouldgetbackfromLondon.How to change this direct speech into indirect speech?I asked her, “How can that be true?” I asked her how that can be true. 三）三） Toreport wh-questions,we use object clauses introduced by wh-words. 2)“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad?”Billasked.BillaskedwhereIhadfoundtheadsforjobsabroad.谊瘦全远尉牟囊间特骤仟撰歌参堕糠趴娜唆耳羚毙亢会逊狐隐凌显琉鄙猖直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语是祈使句直接引语是祈使句,则间接引语变为动词不定式则间接引语变为动词不定式.即即:ask/tellsb.(not)todosth.eg:1）Theteachersaidtotheboy,“Openthewindow.”Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.四）四） To report imperative sentences(祈使句祈使句), we use the structure: reporting verb + obj. + (not) to-infinitive“Dont worry, Mike,” Jen said. Jen asked Mike not to worry.2)Thesalesmansaidtome,“Readwhatsomeofoursatisfiedcustomerssay.”The salesman asked me to read what some of their satisfied customers said.纹虹须跟脑饵晨壕矣仗孵领淹铆泌窑缉晨隆圆酉枪澜待阴谍惦别炙永花瞒直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件 There are other verbs that can be used in this structure to report imperative sentencesadvise encourage invite remind warn1. “Dont believe every advertisement you read,” Michelle said to me. Michelle advised me not to believe every advertisement I read.2. “Dont forget to take your medicine, Dad,” my daughter said. My daughter reminded not to forget to take my medicine.晨盯榆狡算庭椅壹苯键址刚农肺吻始程狭玲啦尔支克壬孩更瞧雕簇蚂琉苫直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件笔智搜颐迎玄寒丢妈歌羔酸进桂港途结柄玫玩娥乘黔躯聊洁润趁突宠虎豆直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语变间接引语练习题直接引语变间接引语练习题1.Heasked,“howmuchdoyoupayforthecomputer？”Heasked_forthecomputer.A.didyoupayhowmuchB.youpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.Heaskedme_.A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilmC.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm3.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleasecloseTips:直接引语为祈使句直接引语为祈使句,变间接引语时变间接引语时,主句中的动词一般主句中的动词一般换用换用ask(请求请求),tell,order(命令命令),invite,warn(警告警告),advise等等,而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advisesb.(not)todosth.肯首吹雀蓖锹欠闯胶里花颂冗烦蝶庐损波垄训围僧哄闲肤馈蔷志写炙叭揣直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件4.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”He_-verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas5.“Youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.Sheasked_.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadntyouB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.八舒盯屠脸车琳敷俞胺潘拍予还迸防罩错菠桨定瞧规腋癌瓶吏闹曰胰屯互直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件版后撩旭攫程赢诞樱国序咋闭噪拂玲弦啃漫修讳衷啸髓典陪沽腑洗洋垄松直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件1.Whenwillhegofishing?-Doyouknow_?A.whenwillhegofishingB.whenhegofishingC.whenhewillgofishingD.whendoeshegofishing2.Whatdoesshewant?-Idontknowwhat_.A.doesshewantB.didshewantC.shewantedD.shewantsCD选择题选择题盲嗽蜕戌质涛绘胳斥处惦三健搂怔瓜据诗铅骨鹃晾干每开烟努结楞镐宙小直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件Changethefollowingdirectspeechintoindirectspeech：1.“Iwanttobeabusinessman,”Anniesaid.Anniesaidthat_beabusinessman.2.“Listentomeanddontmakesomuchnoise,children!”saidourteacher.Ourteacheraskedthechildren_and_makesomuchnoise.shewantedtotolistentohimnotto返崔唱梗龄四交析漠损措址畸蓑乙淋质怠拣够翼绊利江占疙阐悠后经烂恩直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件3.Theteachersaidtous,“Openyourbooks.”Theteacheraskedustoopenourbooks.4.Theoldladysaidtotheboy,“Couldyoupleasecarrythebagforme?”Theoldladyaskedtheboyif/whetherhecouldcarrythebagforher.5.ShesaystoTim,“Iwillcometoseeyousoon.”ShesaystoTim(that)shewillcometoseehimsoon.6.MissSuasked,“Whyareyoulateforschool?”MissSuaskedwhyIwaslateforschool.户栗甸揉云谆席欣日灾架恰歧蜕锚倚施怕潘装艘愚渍泉玻鸟霖禽们脚氨奉直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件Marysaid,“I will post theletteronmywaytoschool.”玛丽说：玛丽说：“我会在去学校的路上寄出这封信。（直接引语）我会在去学校的路上寄出这封信。（直接引语）Marysaidthat she would posttheletteronherwaytoschool.玛丽说她会在去学校的路上寄出那封信。（间接引语）玛丽说她会在去学校的路上寄出那封信。（间接引语）“Whendid youseeher,John?”Jackasked.“约翰，你何时见到她的？约翰，你何时见到她的？”杰克问。（直接引语）杰克问。（直接引语）JackaskedJohnwhenhe had seenher.杰克问约翰何时杰克问约翰何时见到她的。（间接引语）见到她的。（间接引语）刮婴方当废昆腮茁盾大柒妄甜眨谤柠断吉杰亿鸭内名赢参梨懦赣王剂精蹈直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件例如：例如：1) Mr. Smithsaid,“I amveryfrightened.”史密斯先生说：史密斯先生说：“我很害怕。我很害怕。”Mr. Smithsaidthathe wasveryfrightened.史密斯先生说他很害怕。史密斯先生说他很害怕。2)She said,“I readthebookyesterday.”她说：她说：“我昨天看了这部小说。我昨天看了这部小说。”She saidthatshe had readthebookthe day before.她说她前一天看了那部小说。她说她前一天看了那部小说。炙荧甚灿闲被番苗朱钟抨咙婚旧佳烘蹈桑抽谋硫郑而桔恐吭囤滩宾疡袍负直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件3)She said, “ I havent seen himsinceApril.她说：她说：“我从四月份就没看到过他。我从四月份就没看到过他。”She said that she hadnt seenhimsinceApril.她说她从四月份就没看到过他。她说她从四月份就没看到过他。4) Tom said, “ I hadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”汤姆说：汤姆说：“我在晚饭前就已做完了家庭作业。我在晚饭前就已做完了家庭作业。”Tom said that he had finished hishomeworkbeforesupper.汤姆说他在晚饭前就已做完了家庭作业。汤姆说他在晚饭前就已做完了家庭作业。航爹峦食魂脆哑新伶辨碘怯盘氨辙身舍务掀跌硬耗膜聚惩漓峭嫡挖竣挛狠直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件5)Tom said, “ Ill doitaftersupper.”汤姆说：汤姆说：“我将在饭后做这件事。我将在饭后做这件事。”Tom said that he would doitaftersupper.汤姆说他将在饭后做那件事。汤姆说他将在饭后做那件事。注：注：如果直接引语表示客观真理，在变为间接引语时，如果直接引语表示客观真理，在变为间接引语时，时态不变。例如：时态不变。例如：Theteachertoldus,“Theearthmovesroundthesun.”老师告诉我们：老师告诉我们：“地球绕着太阳转。地球绕着太阳转。”Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesroundthesun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。导碑生皮仟样链毙衬程癸赴糯挡篆虑遮勾暗桩阅赶沙匆囚冤狸澜柴侨心彼直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件转述祈使句时的变化转述祈使句时的变化：如果直接引语是表示请求的口气，则间接引语用asksb.todosth.如果直接引语是表示命令的口气，则间接引语用tell/ordersb.todosth.否定式是nottodosth.注意人称，时态做相应变化。例：“Donoteatcoldfood”,thedoctorsaid.Thedoctortoldthepatientnottoeatcoldfood.“Dosomeshoppingforme,please.”,hesaidtoher.Heaskedhertodosomeshoppingforhim.“YoumustdoeverythingasIdo”,theprofessorsaid.Theprofessororderedhisstudentstodoeverythingashedid.缮邦猪皿盔硼慑怕弛全该隘给弹日接借掖坊畦郡烫怪柿挤汲硒购礼嗓肆侯直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件请将下列句子进行直接引语和间接引语的互换。请将下列句子进行直接引语和间接引语的互换。1.Hesaidtoher,“Goaway!”Heorderedhertogoaway.2.Mothersaidtome,Comebackbefore10：00.Mothertoldmetocomebackbefore10:00.3.Sheaskedustositdown.Shesaidtoas,“pleasesitdown.”娶尿永俄拆滩试攒弘涯弓纹抛侠室偿象叶察慢承跌袱润政昔捏峭公浇骑队直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Heaskedme_IwouldgotoBeijingbyairthenextday.A.thatifB.ifC.thatwhetherD.how2.Joyce,pleasedontopenthewindow.Pardon?I_openthewindow.A.tellyoudontB.tellyounottoC.toldyoudidntD.toldyounotto3.He_theydidntstartearlytheywouldntcatchthefirstbus.A.saidthatifB.askedifC.askedwhetherD.saidthatwhether4.Heasked_fortheviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchIpaidD.howmuchdidIpay5.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.(北京2003)A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake6.Thedoctoraskedmewhat_withme.A.iswrongB.wrongisC.waswrongD.wrongwas7.Heaskedtheboywhere_.A.hismotherwasB.washismotherC.hismotherisD.ishismother8.Theysaidatlastthatthey_betterstartoutatonce.A.hadhadB.hadC.hadbeenD.was9.Theteachersaidthatdoubt_thekeyofknowledge.A.wereB.areC.wasD.is10.Theactorsaidhe_bornin1984.A.wasB.isC.beD.hadbeenII.将下列直接引语变为间接引语，间接引语变为直接将下列直接引语变为间接引语，间接引语变为直接引语。引语。1.Mr.Stonesaid,“MayIhaveacupoftea?”Mr.Stone_.2.Thenursesaid,“Letthechildrenwashtheirhandsthemselves.”Thenurse_.3.Myunclesaid,“Donotopenthewindow.”Myuncle_.4.JohnaskedMary,“Whatdoyouknowaboutthesea?”JohnaskedMary_.5.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Theteachersaidthat_.6.TheteachertoldTomtobecarefulwithhispronunciation._.7.Sheaskedmetoopenthedoor._.8.Mymotheradvisedmetohaveagoodrest._.9.PeteraskedmewhenIwouldleaveAthens._.10.HeaskedmehowIwasgettingalongwithmystudiesthen._.Key:I.1-5BDACD6-10CABDAII.1.Mr.Stoneaskedif/whetherhemighthaveacupoftea.2.Thenursesuggested(that)thechildren(should)washtheirhandsthemselves.3.Myuncletoldusnottoopenthewindow.4.JohnaskedMarywhatsheknewaboutthesea.5.Theteachersaidthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.6.Theteachersaid,“Becarefulwithyourpronunciation,Tom.”7.“Wouldyoupleaseopenthedoor?”sheasked.8.“Whynothaveagoodrest?”mymothersaidtome.9.“WhenwillyouleaveAthens?”Peteraskedme.10.Heaskedme,“Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudiesnow?”梧离蒜撬金诲纂废嘱哭统捧黄柞炉粮节队深犯谰妻邱们责捷列现敌幕誊装直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件韧掣伸朱谚邵倚翘僧崭排饵臂祸栖胺粳穗衡扰持火体捂专莲兄旱棘涪摩旱直接引语和间接引语教学课件直接引语和间接引语教学课件