虚拟语气虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood GRAMMER 语法语法7/25/2024高中公开课虚拟语气课件4陈述语气陈述语气I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadnt come back home yet.4祈祈使语气使语气Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.一一. 语气的分类语气的分类高中公开课虚拟语气课件4虚拟语气虚拟语气If I were you,I would not leave her alone.His teacher suggested that he go to the library this afternoon.高中公开课虚拟语气课件条件句条件句表示主句的条件表示主句的条件,分分真实条件句真实条件句 和和虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 两种。两种。a. 真实条件句真实条件句 表示条件是表示条件是真的或有可真的或有可能实现的能实现的, 采用采用陈述语气陈述语气。b. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 表示条件是表示条件是无法实现或无法实现或几乎无法实现的几乎无法实现的, 采用采用虚拟语气虚拟语气。 7/25/2024高中公开课虚拟语气课件二二. if 虚拟条件句的概虚拟条件句的概念念由由 if 引导的虚拟条件句叫作引导的虚拟条件句叫作 if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句I could have had dinner with him if he had been here yesterday.其他虚拟条件句其他虚拟条件句Without your help, I couldnt have made so much progress. 高中公开课虚拟语气课件1. 虚拟语气用于虚拟语气用于条件状语条件状语从句中从句中(1) 表示与表示与现在事实相反现在事实相反的假设的假设, 条件条件 状语从句状语从句中的谓语动词用中的谓语动词用“过去式过去式(be 动词的过去式用动词的过去式用were)”, 而而主句主句中的谓中的谓语动词语动词“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形动词原形”。 虚拟语气虚拟语气If I were a boy, I would join the army.高中公开课虚拟语气课件If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa.高中公开课虚拟语气课件If it were fine now,I would go shopping.高中公开课虚拟语气课件a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.were notcould bewerewould ask高中公开课虚拟语气课件2. 与过去的事实相反与过去的事实相反从句的谓语从句的谓语用用had过去分词过去分词, 构成构成If I (we, you, he, they)had过去分词的过去分词的形式；形式；主句的谓语主句的谓语用用should(第一人称第一人称)/would (第二、三人称第二、三人称) /could/might have 动词过去分词。动词过去分词。高中公开课虚拟语气课件If he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 高中公开课虚拟语气课件If I _ how to swim then,I _ trapped in that island.had learnt would not have been 高中公开课虚拟语气课件a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanksc. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould have gone高中公开课虚拟语气课件3. 与将来事实相反与将来事实相反从句的谓语从句的谓语用用If I (we, you, he, they) 动词过去式或动词过去式或 were to do 或或should do 形式形式, 主句谓语主句谓语用用should(第一人第一人称称) /would (第二、三人称第二、三人称) /could/ might 动词原形。动词原形。高中公开课虚拟语气课件If he got up early tomorrow, he would get there on time.高中公开课虚拟语气课件假如他来假如他来, 我们会对他说什么呢？我们会对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him?假如他看见我假如他看见我, 就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.高中公开课虚拟语气课件a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?should beshould makewould happenshould get upPRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanksc. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, there _ (be) no friendship.were to controlwould be高中公开课虚拟语气课件条件条件If 从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句谓语形式主句谓语形式过去过去现在现在未来未来过去时过去时(were)would/could/should/might +V. (原原)一一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。过去完成时过去完成时would/could/should/might + have+ p.p.1.过去时过去时2.should+V.3. were to dowould/could/ should/ might +V. (原原)高中公开课虚拟语气课件 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间, 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同时间不同而不同, 这叫做这叫做混合条件句混合条件句。 例句中从句与过去事实相反例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与主句与现在事实相反现在事实相反 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.高中公开课虚拟语气课件If the staff _what to do before, the building _ on fire now.would not behad been told高中公开课虚拟语气课件三三. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的用法中的用法1. 在动词在动词wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中, 表示表示与现在或过去的事实相反与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将或对将来的主观愿望来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词从句通常省略连词that。高中公开课虚拟语气课件I wish every day were my birthday.1) 表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用从句动词用过去过去式或过去进行式式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用动词一般用were) 。高中公开课虚拟语气课件He behaves as if he owned the house.(But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.)高中公开课虚拟语气课件I wish it would rain tomorrow.与将来事实相反高中公开课虚拟语气课件I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动从句动词常用词常用“had过去分词过去分词”。高中公开课虚拟语气课件as if/as though由由as if (as though) 或或even though (even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时式时, 从句谓语形式为动词从句谓语形式为动词的过去式的过去式(be用用were)或或 “had过去分词过去分词”或或 would/could+动词原形动词原形高中公开课虚拟语气课件他那样对待我他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.注意注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。述语气。It looks as if it is going to rain.高中公开课虚拟语气课件He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.高中公开课虚拟语气课件(3) Id rather you _(pay) me now. (与现在事实相反与现在事实相反) I would rather they _(come) tomorrow. (与将来事实相反与将来事实相反) Id rather she _ (not do) that. (与过去事实相反与过去事实相反)paidcamehadnt done高中公开课虚拟语气课件Translate:1.我要是你的话我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。我就会把英语学好。2. 如果你昨天来如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。你就会看见他。3. 万一明天下雨万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。我们就不到那儿去。4. 我希望我十年前认识他。我希望我十年前认识他。5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。 If I were you, I would/ should learn English well. If you had come yesterday, you would have met him. If it were to rain tomorrow,we wouldnt go there. I wish I had known him ten years ago.He treats me as if I were his own son.高中公开课虚拟语气课件四、四、It is (high) time 等从句中等从句中 表示表示“该做而没有作的事情该做而没有作的事情”，动词用一，动词用一般过去时。般过去时。 如：如： Its high time we began to work. should begin I would rather you came tomorrow.高中公开课虚拟语气课件 五、表示五、表示“建议、要求、命建议、要求、命令令”意义的各种从句中意义的各种从句中advise suggest propose insist request recommend demand require urge intend order command高中公开课虚拟语气课件这些词从句谓语用虚拟语气这些词从句谓语用虚拟语气 should do ，should 可省略。可省略。 例如：例如： He insisted that John should do this job. The union demanded the wage be raised by 20%. We suggested the meeting not be postponed.高中公开课虚拟语气课件六、省掉六、省掉if, 从句倒装从句倒装 If you had come yesterday, you would have met him. If it were to rain tomorrow,we wouldnt go there.Had you come yesterday, you would have met him.Were it to rain tomorrow,we wouldnt go there.高中公开课虚拟语气课件5) _ for my illness, I would have lent him a helping hand. A. Not being B. Had it not been C. Without being D. Not having been B高中公开课虚拟语气课件Practice1.Even if he _(be) here, he couldnt solve the problem.2.Without air, there _(be) no living things.3.But for your help, I _ (not, do) it well.4.If only I _(take) his advice, but I didnt.5. I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I _(come) to the meeting.6. Look at the clock! Its (high) time we _(go) home. werewould becouldnt have done had takenwould have come went/should go高中公开课虚拟语气课件Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气虚拟语气)(Part 1)高中公开课虚拟语气课件(1) If he should come, tell him to ring me up. =Should he come, tell him to ring me up. If I were in your position, I would not do it. =Were I in your position, I would not do it.(2) Without air, there would be no living things. =If there were no air, there would be no living things.(三三) 虚拟条件句的特殊变形虚拟条件句的特殊变形高中公开课虚拟语气课件(3) I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone with them. =If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone with them. I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. =If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.(三三) 虚拟条件句的特殊变形虚拟条件句的特殊变形高中公开课虚拟语气课件