第十一节第十一节 非谓语动词非谓语动词考点精讲精练考点精讲精练【考点【考点1】带】带to的动词不定式的动词不定式()考点精讲：考点精讲： 1. 构成：构成：(1)to do，如，如ask sb. to do；(2)(to) do，如，如help sb. (to) do； (3)do，如，如let sb. do。 2. 否定形式：否定形式：not to do/not (to) do/not do。3. 常规用法：常规用法： 4. 特别用法：特别用法：(1)wh-/h-疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式(短语短语)：其：其作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, understand等后面作宾语，也可作主语、等后面作宾语，也可作主语、表语、同位语等。如：表语、同位语等。如： He asked me how to open the box.=He asked me how he could open the box. 他问我这盒他问我这盒子怎么打开。子怎么打开。 You have to consider what to do next.=You have to consider what you should do next. 你必须你必须考虑下一步该做什么。考虑下一步该做什么。 (2)带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是逻辑主语，构成方法是“It is+形容词形容词/名词名词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.”。如：。如： It is necessary for you to have a talk with him. 跟他交谈一下对你而言有必要。跟他交谈一下对你而言有必要。(当该形容词或名词在当该形容词或名词在意义上描述的是意义上描述的是 to do sth. 的特征时，用的特征时，用 for 引出逻引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为辑主语。该类形容词常为easy, difficult/hard, important, necessary, etc.) It is foolish of you to do it like that. 你那样做好你那样做好蠢。蠢。(当该形容词描述的是逻辑主语当该形容词描述的是逻辑主语sb. 的特征时，用的特征时，用 of 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为kind, foolish, rude, clever, selfish, careful, etc.)【考题再现【考题再现】( )1. (2016盐城盐城)We must do everything we can _ waste water from running into the rivers. A. prevent B. preventedC. preventing D. to preventD( )2. (2016绥化绥化)Its our duty _ our home-town clean and beautiful. We must do something for it. A. keeping B. keepsC. to keepC( )3. (2015广东广东)We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leaveC. leave D. to leaveB( )4. (2015梅州梅州)Jane was shy. She would not invite her classmates _ dancing with her. A. practice B. practicesC. practicing D. to practiceD( )5. (2014广东广东)In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being lateC. to be late D. being lateA( )6. (2014茂名茂名)Miss Wang told us _ smoke, so you mustnt smoke. A. to B. not toC. dontB【考点演练【考点演练】( )7. How kind you are! You always do what you can _ me. A. help B. helpingC. to help D. helps( )8. Many old men prefer _ in a coun-tryside. A. to live B. livingC. live D. livedCA( )9. Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains. A. to go B. goingC. go D. went( )10. One of the most important things _ at Christmas is the Nutcracker. A. see B. seeingC. to see D. to lookAC( )11. I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?I havent decided where _. A. go B. wentC. going D. to goD( )12. The best way to learn English is _ it. A. use B. to useC. using D. usesB【考点【考点2】秃头不定式】秃头不定式(即不带即不带to的不定式的不定式)()考点精讲：考点精讲：秃头不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语。秃头不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语。 其他其他“秃头不定式秃头不定式”句型：句型： had better (not)do 最好最好(别别)做做 Why not do？Why dont sb. do？ 为什么为什么(某人某人)不做不做？ Will/Would/Can/Could you please (not)do？(请请)你你(别别)做做好吗？好吗？ would rather (not)do sth. 宁愿宁愿(不不)做做 would dorather than do(would rather dothan doprefer to dorather than doprefer doingto doing)宁愿做宁愿做而不愿做而不愿做【考题再现【考题再现】( )1. (2016烟台烟台)Could you please _ me your notebook, Grace?Certainly. Here you are. A. borrow B. to borrowC. lend D. to lend C( )2. (2016宜宾宜宾)Its getting dark. Youd better _ out by yourself. Its dangerous. A. not go B. not to goC. to go ( )3. (2016郴州郴州)I feel upset because Im too heavy._ do more exercise to lose some weight? A. Why dont B. Why notC. Why not toAB( )4. (2016齐齐哈尔齐齐哈尔)Lets _ noise. Someone is sleeping. A. not make B. not makingC. not to make( )5. (2014湛江湛江)Why not _ to the park now?Good idea! Lets go. A. go B. to goC. goes D. goingAA【考点演练【考点演练】( )6. Lets play football on the playground. Its too hot outside. I would rather _ at home than _ out. A. to stay; go B. staying; goingC. stay; to go D. stay; goD( )7. The cartoon film we saw last night made us _. A. laugh B. to laughC. laughing D. laughed( )8. Will you please _ the flowers?Sorry. I wont. A. pick B. dont pickC. not to pick D. not pickAD( )9. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?It makes me _ very proud. A. feel B. felt C. to feel D. feeling( )10. The assistant wont let you _ the cinema if you havent a ticket. A. enter B. to enterC. entering D. not enterAA【考点【考点3】动名词】动名词()考点精讲：考点精讲：1. 构成：构成：do+-ing。2. 否定形式：否定形式：not+doing。3. 常规用法：常规用法： 4. 动名词的复合结构：动名词的复合结构： 由由“形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词/名称所有格名称所有格+动名词动名词”可构可构成动名词的复合结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。成动名词的复合结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。该物主代词或名称所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如：该物主代词或名称所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如： Would you mind my/me smoking here?=Would you mind if I smoke here? 你介意我在这里吸烟吗？你介意我在这里吸烟吗？I insisted on my husbands/my husband paying the bill. 我坚持让我丈夫买单。我坚持让我丈夫买单。【考题再现【考题再现】( )1. (2016长沙长沙)Janes spoken English is pretty good.Yeah, she works hard and practices _ it both in and out of class. A. spoke B. to spokeC. speakingC( )2. (2016南京南京)Have you read the book Jane Eyre?Yes. Its a famous book and really worth _. A. to read B. readingC. to be read D. read ( )3. (2016绵阳绵阳)Do you want to be healthy? _ can help you stay healthy. A. Smile B. SmilingC. Smiles D. SmiledBB( )4. (2015广州广州)Sarah, youd better drink more water after _ for such a long time. A. run B. runsC. to run D. running ( )5. (2014梅州梅州)Paul looks forward to _ his pen pal as soon as possible. A. meets B. meetC. meeting D. metDC【考点演练【考点演练】( )6. What about _ a rest?Lets go for a walk. A. to take B. takeC. taking D. us takingC( )7. Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important.”A. Learn B. LearningC. Learned D. To learningB( )8. Seeing their teacher _ into the class-room, they stopped _ at once. A. walk; telling B. entering; to speakC. enter; to tell D. walking; talkingD( )9. Her son _ Coke, but now he _ milk. A. used to drink; is used to drinking B. used to drinking; drinksC. is used to drinking; used to drinkD. is used to drink; is drinking( )10. I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom. A. lying B. layC. lie D. liesAA