原电池原理及其应用温州中学温州中学 陈欲晓陈欲晓, 将将Zn片插入片插入H2SO4溶液溶液中有什么现象？为什么？中有什么现象？为什么？, 将将Cu片插入片插入H2SO4溶液溶液中有什么现象？为什么？中有什么现象？为什么？分组讨论分组讨论，将一将一Zn片片,Cu片平行插入片平行插入稀稀H2SO4溶液中，有什么现溶液中，有什么现象？为什么？象？为什么？若将若将Zn片片,Cu片用一导线连接，片用一导线连接，导线间接一电流计，导线间接一电流计，再浸在再浸在稀稀H2SO4溶液中，有什么现象溶液中，有什么现象？为什么？为什么？原原电电池池的的工工作作原原理理探讨探讨用一干电池连接电流用一干电池连接电流计验证电子流向，确定计验证电子流向，确定Zn片片, Cu片的正负极是怎样的？片的正负极是怎样的？定向移动方向定向移动方向：电子、离子电子、离子原电池原电池盐电池 K+、 Al3+(H+) Zn2+ H+、Cu2+放电（得电子）能力增强放电（得电子）能力增强与金属活动性顺序与金属活动性顺序相反相反方法方法2实验：实验：发现(提出)问题科学猜想科学猜想验证假设验证假设得出结论探究过程探究过程(方法方法)小结：小结：形成假设1799年，伏打年，伏打(意意)发明发明http:/www.gogole.com 关健词关健词 “伏打电池伏打电池”探索题：按氧化还原反应规律，理想化的探索题：按氧化还原反应规律，理想化的CuZn原电池，原电池，Zn片表面不会产生片表面不会产生H2，试探索：，试探索：实验中实验中Zn表面产生表面产生H2的原因。的原因。 方法：方法：实验探究；实验探究；查阅资料查阅资料( (教材教材) )思考、讨论；思考、讨论； 现有稀硫酸现有稀硫酸, ,酒精酒精, , 氯化钠溶液氯化钠溶液, ,铜片铜片, ,锌片锌片, ,碳棒以及导线碳棒以及导线, ,自己组合成原电自己组合成原电池池. . 电极组合电极组合 溶液溶液 现象现象现有稀硫酸现有稀硫酸, ,酒精酒精, , 氯化钠溶液氯化钠溶液, ,铜片铜片, ,锌片锌片, ,碳棒碳棒以及导线以及导线, ,自己组合成原电池自己组合成原电池. .练练习习判断下列哪些装置构成了原电池？若不是，判断下列哪些装置构成了原电池？若不是，请说明理由；若是，请指出正负极名称，并请说明理由；若是，请指出正负极名称，并写出电极反应式写出电极反应式.()()()(X)试将下列两个氧化还原反应分别设试将下列两个氧化还原反应分别设计成两个原电池计成两个原电池Zn + 2AgNO3=Zn(NO3)2+2Ag2Fe3+Fe=3Fe2+如图所示，在铁圈和银圈的焊接处，用一根棉线如图所示，在铁圈和银圈的焊接处，用一根棉线将其悬在盛水的烧杯中，使之平衡；小心的向烧杯将其悬在盛水的烧杯中，使之平衡；小心的向烧杯中央滴入中央滴入CuSO4溶液，片刻后可观察到的现象是溶液，片刻后可观察到的现象是 ( D )A. 铁圈和银圈左右摇摆不定；铁圈和银圈左右摇摆不定；B. 保持平衡状态；保持平衡状态；C. 铁圈向下倾斜；铁圈向下倾斜；D. 银圈向下倾斜；银圈向下倾斜；再再 见见 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