Module 2 Unit 1Cultural RelicsGrammar1.Ac_relicisoftensomethingoldthatremindsusofthepast.2.Bothparentswerekilledbytheearthquake,butthechildrens_.3.Thatdictionaryb_tothelibraryisofgreatusefortheEnglishbeginners.4.TheGreatWallofChinaispubliclyrecognizedasoneofthew_oftheworld.5.W_bridgesarenotstrongerthanstoneones.6.TheNewYearhereisoftenc_withadanceparty.7.Therobberwhokilledashopownerwillbeont_nextweek.8.Hep_tobereadinganimportantpaperwhenthebossentered.9.Thet_dugoutoftheearthwasaboxofgoldcoins.10.Canyoushowmeanye_foryourstatement(陈述)?1.cultural2.survived3.belonging4.wonders5.Wooden6.celebrated7.trial8.pretended9.treasure10.evidenceI. Revision (1)完成句子 1.她坚持说她听到屋里有人。She insisted that _ _ _ in the house.2.你对这位新老师的印相如何？_ _ _ of the new teacker?3.这对我们是否有好处，还有等着看。Whether it will do us good _ _ _ _.4.国家元首在政治中起关键作用。The _ _ _ _ a key role in politics.5.他门在与邻国作战。They are _ _ _ their neighbouring country. she heard someone Whats your opinionremains to be seen head of state playedat war with (2)句型转换6. What the teacher advised us to do was of great value.What the teacher advised us to do was_ _.7.The two living rooms are equal in size.The two living rooms are _the same_.8. I planned to ask my assistant to write the report.I planned to _the report _ by my assistant. 9. We dont have any doubt that our table tennis team will win the first place._is no _ that our table tennis team will win the first place.10. The theory proved to be true._ can be _that the theory was true.veryvaluableof sizehave/get writtenThere doubtIt proved一、定语从句的定义：用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。定语从句一般是由关系代词或关系副词来引导的。相当于名词和形容词的作用。eg:1.Doyouknowthemanwho came to see Xiao Yang this morning?2.Thedayisnotfaroffwhen we will make a trip to Britain.定语从句归纳总结二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用2、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用eg:1.Thosewho want to gopleasesignyournameshere.2.Thisisthehousewhere he was born.3.Bill,who was here yesterday,askedmealotofquestions.三、关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的在定语从句中的作用作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose主语 宾语宾语主语 宾语主语 宾语定语Eg:1.Heissuchamanwho never tells a lie.2.Heisthemodelworkerwhom/who we should learn from.3.Adictionaryisabookwhich often helps us to know the meanings of the words.4.Thisisthefilmwhich I like best.5.Theboywhose father is a professorisoneofmybestfriends.6.Thehousewhose roof was blown away by the stormwillberebuiltsoon.四、关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：1、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰Thisisthebestfilmthat I have ever seen.2、当先行词被序数词修饰Thefirstcarthat arrived at the destinationwasdrivenbyJohn.3、当先行词被theonly,thevery等修饰Thisistheonlyticketthat I got yesterday.Thisistheverybookthat Im looking for.4、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时Isthereanythingthat I can do for you?Allthat you have to doistopressthebutton.Thereisnotimethat we can waste.5、当先行词既指人又指物时Thecaranditsdriverthat knocked down the old ladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation.B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThisisthequestionabout which weve had so much discussion.五、关系副词when,where,why的用法关系副词都等于一个适当的介词which，在从句中作状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+which1.Doyoustillrememberthedaywhen(on which) we went to visit the museum together?2.Thisisthefactorywhere(in which)my father once worked.3.Thisisthereasonwhy(for which) he was late.六、as引导定语从句，多与such和thesame连用，在从句中作主语或宾语。1.Suchpeopleas you describearerarenowadays.2.Letsdiscussonlysuchquestionsas concern every one of us.3.Wouldyoupleasebuymethesamenovelas you bought for brother yesterday, Mum?4.As we all know,Johnisanhonestman.比较：Sheworethesamedressthat she wore at Marrys wedding. 七、注意事项：1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、Thisistheplacewhere he works.Thisistheplacewhich(that)we visited last year.b、Thatwasthetimewhen he arrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat (which)we spent together?c、Thisisthereasonwhy he went.Thereasonthat (which)he gave uswasquitereasonable.2、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whoma.Thisistheboywith whom he worked.b.Thisistheboywhomhe worked with.c.Thisistheboywho he worked with.d.Thisistheboyhe worked with.e.Thehousewhere we liveisnotlarge.f.Thehousein which we liveisnotlarge.g.Thehousewhich we live inisnotlarge.h.Thehousewe live inisnotlarge. 八、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如：a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwho is standing there?站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that) I ve always wanted to visit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。c)Thewoman( that/ whom/ who ) I spoke to just nowisournewhead.刚才和她说话的那位是我们新来的负责人。d)October 1, 1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。2非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如：a)Rome,which is the capital of Italy,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。b)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,who came from the University of London. 昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed.他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。eg. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。eg. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语，令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。析：从语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。4.关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替whom，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。eg.This is the girl whom I met in the street.这是我在街上遇到的女孩。先行词the girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替whom。eg.A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。先行词a new girl friend在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用who代替whom。5.比较：a)Shehastwobrotherswho are working in the city.Shehasmorethantwobrothers.她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。b)Shehastwobrothers,who are working in the city.Shehasonlytwobrothers.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。a)Hewillwearnoclotheswhich will make him different from others.他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,which will make him different from others.他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。