新概念2-第65课讲义Review1.如果他不早点起床,他就会误了校车.2.如果他早点完成作业，他现在就能去游泳了.If he doesnt get up early, he will miss the school bus.If he finished his homework, he would go swimming.3.如果你昨天就去北京,你就不会误了这次会议.If you had gone to Beijing yesterday, you would not have missed this meeting.1. I would do differently, if I _ (be) him.2. If he_ (be) a bird he would fly high in the sky.3. If he had started a little later he _ (not catch) the first bus.4. If you arrive here early, _ (clean) the room first. were were wouldnt have caught cleanJumbo versus the policeJumbo versus the policeWordsWordsmversus /v/v:s:ss/ s/ prep.对对mcircus /s/s:k:ks/ s/ n.马戏团马戏团mpresent /prez/preznt/ nt/ n.礼物礼物maccompany /kkmpmpni/ ni/ v.陪伴，伴随陪伴，伴随mapproach / /prprutut/ / v.走进走进mought / /:t/ :t/ modal verb 应该应该mweight /weit/ /weit/ n.重重mfortunate /f/f:t:tn nt/t/ adj. adj.幸运的幸运的Listen and then answer the Listen and then answer the questions:questions:1. Who is Jimmy gates? A circus owner.2. What did he decide to do last Christmas? To take some presents to a childrens hospital.3. Who did he dress up as? As Father Christmas.4. Who was in his guard of honour? Six pretty girls.m5. Did he set off down the main street of the city or a side street? The main street.6. What was he riding? A baby elephant.7. He was called Jumbo, wasnt he? Yes, he was.8. What should Jimmy have known? That the police would never allow this sort of thing.mLast Christmas, the circus owner, Jimmy Gates, decided to take some presents to a childrens hospital. Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by aguard of honourof six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo. He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing. A policeman approached Jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic. Though Jimmy agreed to go at once, Jumbo refused to move. Fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street. The police had a difficult time, but they were most amused .Jumbo must weigh a few tons,said a policemen afterwards, so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. Of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time. at Christmas at Christmas m在圣诞节在圣诞节 Christmas card Christmas card m圣诞贺片圣诞贺片 Christmas Eve Christmas Eve m圣诞节前夜圣诞节前夜 Christmas present Christmas present m圣诞节礼物圣诞节礼物 Christmas tree Christmas tree m圣诞树圣诞树 Father Christmas Father Christmas m圣诞老人圣诞老人 圣诞节快乐圣诞节快乐Merry Merry ChristmasChristmas to you. to you. Have a good Have a good ChristmasChristmas! ! n.n.圣诞节圣诞节 对对; ;对对抗抗( (法法律律和和运运动动用用语语, ,常常略略作作v.v.或或vs.) vs.) 今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。The big match tonight isThe big match tonight is England versus Spain. England versus Spain. prep prepcircusChristmasmChristmas Day mChristmas EvemFather Christmas (Santa Claus)circus s:ks n.马戏团， 杂技团 a circus clown a circus clown 马戏杂技团小丑马戏杂技团小丑run a circus run a circus 演马戏演马戏 杂技杂技 孩子们被马戏表演迷住了。孩子们被马戏表演迷住了。The The children children were were spellbound spellbound by by the the circus performance.circus performance. at present 现在现在 the present price 现价现价 for the present 暂时暂时, 暂且暂且 昨天出席会议的有多少人？昨天出席会议的有多少人？ How many people were present at the meeting yesterday? 你现在的住址在哪里你现在的住址在哪里? Whats your present address?n. n. 现在现在, , 礼品礼品 adj. adj. 现在的现在的, , 出席的出席的 mHe presented the school with a library.mHe presented the school with a library.v. 1. 赠赠present sb. with sth.mHe wasnt present at the award presentation.adj. 2. 出席，出席， 在场在场 be be accompanied accompanied by by 附附有有, , 伴伴随随, ,在在 陪伴下陪伴下 I accompany you home. 我陪你回家。我陪你回家。 kkmpmpni vt.ni vt. 陪伴陪伴, , 陪同陪同, , 伴随伴随, ,给给.伴奏伴奏m（1）vt. 陪同,伴随mHe wished her to accompany him. 他希望她陪他。mIll accompany you to your hotel.mIll accompany you home.m（2）vt.随着.发生,伴有mLightning usually accompanies thunder. 电闪通常伴着雷声。m（3）使附有OmHe accompanied his speech with gestures. 他演讲时附带做着手势。m（4）为.伴奏,为.伴唱mThe pianist accompanied her singing. 钢琴家为她的歌唱伴奏。 mHer mother accompanied her on the piano. 她的母亲为她作钢琴伴奏。 at the approach of at the approach of 在快到在快到的时候的时候 在快到中午的时候她到家了在快到中午的时候她到家了 She reached home noon.She reached home noon. prprut vt.ut vt.向向.靠近靠近; ; 接近接近, , 走近走近 m（1）接近,靠近come nearer and nearermThe old man approaches 80 years old.这个老人将近80岁了。mHe cautiously approached the house. 他小心地走近那房子。mapproach sbmEg：He is approaching me.他正向我逼近。m（2）着手处理,开始对付mHe approached the question as a scientist. 他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。m（3）途径，方法,方式;态度C(+to)mI like her approach to the problem. 我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。mwe have found an approach to success.1.1.表示责任、义务表示责任、义务 应该应该; ; 应当应当; ; 总应该总应该2.2.表示合适、明智等表示合适、明智等, ought to have done, ought to have done 本应本应; ; 本当本当; ; 早应该早应该3. 3. 表示可能性表示可能性 大概大概 ought to do sth ought to do sth 应该做某事应该做某事mYou ought to have told me that yesterday. You ought to have told me that yesterday. m那件事你本应昨天就告诉我。那件事你本应昨天就告诉我。mShe ought to have been more careful. She ought to have been more careful. m她本应该更小心才是。她本应该更小心才是。v.aux.v.aux.应该应该; ; 应当应当n. weight weight 重量重量lose weight lose weight 减肥减肥 Let me weigh it. Let me weigh it. 让我称称看。让我称称看。How muchHow much do you weigh? do you weigh? 你有多重？你有多重？ wei vt.wei vt.称称, , 称称.的重量的重量, , 估量估量.的的轻重轻重 表示“应该”和“必须”的情态助动词 should, ought to, have to 与must(1) must通常只用于_时和_时，其他时态则用have to代替。_ 比 _往往更强调客观的要求或外在的原因：翻译：他昨天不得不呆在家里。（因为下雨，没有办法外出）_翻译：你必须做完作业才能回家。_现在现在将来将来have tomustHe had to stay at home yesterday.You must finish your homework before going home.(2) should 和 ought to都可译为“_”，表示义务、责任或某个正确的行为。 ought to比 should语气略_些，多用于肯定句；疑问句与否定结构则多用 _。 (3) should/ought to +have +过去分词表示：过去_ 做（或完成）而_做(完成)的事。 翻译： You should have done your home work earlier. _ 在文章中找出两句相似的句子并翻译：1_ 2_应该应该强强should应该应该没有没有你早前就应该把作业做了。（含责备）你早前就应该把作业做了。（含责备）He should have known that the police wouldhe ought to have gone along a side street II预习检测：根据句意填单词1 1. He dressed himself up as Father C C_.2. 2. At present, the m m_ problem for him is to find a job.3. 3. To tell you the truth, I dont a a _ with you at all.4. 4. She has received his birthday p p_, but she will not accept it.hristmasaingreeresentmNotes on the text the owner of the owner of 的主人的主人 我是这辆小汽车的主人。我是这辆小汽车的主人。 I am the owner of the car. I am the owner of the car. own adj. own adj. 自己的自己的 on ones own on ones own 独自独自 of ones own of ones own 属于某人自己的属于某人自己的 n.物主，所有人物主，所有人dress up 化妆，打扮dress up as 化妆成区别区别in in 后后接接表表示示衣衣服服或或颜颜色色的的词词，它它所所构构成成的的短语只能作短语只能作表语或定语表语或定语。 put put on on “穿穿上上、戴戴上上”，强强调调“穿穿”的的动动作作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。，后接衣服、鞋帽等。 pull onpull on“穿上穿上”，带有，带有“匆忙匆忙”的意思的意思 . .have on have on 穿上，表示状态（不用于进行时）穿上，表示状态（不用于进行时）dress dress 的的宾宾语语通通常常是是人人，意意思思是是“给给穿穿衣衣服服”。dress dress oneself oneself ,get ,get dresseddressed表表示示给给自自己己穿穿衣衣服服。be be dressed dressed in in 的的意意思思是是“穿穿着着”，表表示示状状态态。dressdress后后不不加加衣衣服。服。wear wear “穿穿着着；戴戴着着”，表表示示状状态态，宾宾语语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。madv.adv.同同一样一样mprep.prep.作为，好像，如同作为，好像，如同mconj.conj.当当时时，随随着着，因因为为set off =set out set off =set out 动身，出发动身，出发He set off down the street.He set off down the street.start start （阅阅读读中中，常常出出现现，也也表表“动动身身”）holdhold hold up up 举举起起，阻阻挡挡，抢抢劫劫 hold out hold out 坚持坚持hold onhold onhold the linehold the linehang on hang on hang up=ring off hang up=ring off 挂断挂断 不挂断不挂断,等一会等一会 1. your right hand. 1. your right hand. ? ? Hell be back soon. Hell be back soon. 3.Please_ another one 3.Please_ another one minutes,the doctor is coming. minutes,the doctor is coming. 4. 4.请不要挂断请不要挂断 _ _ 5.The thieves are_the bank. 5.The thieves are_the bank.Hold uphold the line/hold on/hang on a momenthold outPlease dont hang up/ring off.holding upthoughthoughalthough +although +句子句子in spite of +in spite of +名词代词动名名词代词动名词词 practisem he he had had no no qualifications he got the jobqualifications he got the job m having no having no qualifications he got the job qualifications he got the job 尽尽管管他他没没有有资资格格证证明明，他他还还是是 得到了这份工作得到了这份工作ThoughIn spite of1.Afterwards 1.Afterwards she she was was sorry sorry for for what she has said.what she has said.2.Lets 2.Lets go go to to the the farm farm first,and first,and eat afterwards.eat afterwards.soon afterwardssoon afterwardsshortly afterwards shortly afterwards 不久以后不久以后adv.adv.以后，后来以后，后来mlet off let off 宽恕宽恕mlet down let down 使失望使失望let in let in 让让进来进来注意注意let let 的被动语态的被动语态be let to dobe let to do但是通常用但是通常用be allowed to dobe allowed to do来代来代替替let let 的被动的被动 My mother let me not play chess.My mother let me not play chess.被动：被动：I I wasnt wasnt let let to to play play chess chess by by my my mother.mother.I I wasnt wasnt allowed allowed to to play play chess chess by by my mother.(my mother.(常用）常用）“情态动词情态动词+have done”+have done”的用法的用法 一、一、 “must have done” “must have done” 一定做过某事一定做过某事m表示对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构只用于肯定句。表示对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构只用于肯定句。 m1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。二、二、 “cant have done” “cant have done” “couldnt have done” “couldnt have done” 不可能做过某事不可能做过某事m表表示示对对过过去去事事情情的的否否定定推推测测，“couldnt “couldnt have have done”done”较少使用。较少使用。m1. 1. Mr. Mr. Smith Smith cant cant have have gone gone to to Beijing, Beijing, for for I I saw saw him him in in the the library library just just now. now. 史史密密斯斯先先生生不不可可能能去去北北京京了了，我我刚刚才才还还在在图图书书馆馆见见过过他。他。m2. 2. Mary Mary cant cant have have stolen stolen your your money. money. She She has has gone gone home. home. 玛玛丽丽不不可可能能偷偷你你的的钱钱，她她回回家家去去了。了。三、三、 “could have done” “could have done” 过去可能做某事；本来能够做某事但没做过去可能做某事；本来能够做某事但没做m有两种用法，一种表示猜测，“过去可能做过某事”；另一种是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。mWhat could have happened? 难道是发生了什么事吗？mHe could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。四、四、 “can have done” “can have done” 较少使用到此结构较少使用到此结构m表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。m1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？m2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？五、五、 “may have done” “may have done” m表表示示对对发发生生过过的的事事情情的的推推测测，意意思思是是“可可能能已已经经”或或“也也许已经许已经”，用于肯定句中。，用于肯定句中。 mWhat has happened to George?mI dont know. He may have got lost.m乔治发生了什么事？m我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、六、 “might have done” “might have done” m表表示示对对过过去去事事情情的的推推测测，mightmight与与maymay意意思思相相同同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。m m1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。m2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。七、七、 “would have done” “would have done” m虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。m1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。m2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。八、八、 “should have done” “should have done”本来应该做某事，而实际没做本来应该做某事，而实际没做m否否定定式式为为“shouldnt “shouldnt have have done”done”表表示示本本来来不不应应该该做做某某事事，而而实实际际做做了了。含含有有指指责责对对方方或或自自责责的含意。的含意。m m1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。m2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。九、九、 “ought to have done” “ought to have done” m表表示示过过去去应应该该做做而而实实际际并并没没有有做做，译译成成“理理应应做做”，往往表示遗憾。与往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”“should+have+done”用法基本一样。用法基本一样。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。mYou ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。十、十、 “need have done” “need have done” 本来需要做某事而没有做本来需要做某事而没有做m否定式为 “neednt “neednt have have done”done” 表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。mI neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。mHe need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。m1-You didnt wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you? -Actually,we _. He didnt return home at all.A. couldnt have waited B. neednt have waitedC. didnt need towait D. should waitm2 Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up.A. could B. might C. should D. must m3-May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six oclock tonight ?” -“Im sorry, Mr. Smith to a conference before then.”A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have goneD. has gonem4-Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.- Really? I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A. must B. may C. can D. should m5- Was it you that made the suggestion?- It have been. I cant remember.A. needB. must C. shouldD. maym6 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .A. should have taken B. could have takenC. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken m7He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free.A. could B. wouldC. mustD. needm8I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting .A. mustnt have spoken B. mightnt have spokenC. cant have spoken D. shouldnt have spoken m9- Hi, is that Peter Brown?-Sorry. You _ the wrong number .A. must call B. must have called C. should call D. should have calledm10I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour .A. should have been doing B. must have been doingC. could have done D. would have done m11. He is not poor. You _ have lent him the money.A. cant B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustntm12. There was plenty of time. You _ have hurried.A. wont B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldntm13. They _ have finished the work yesterday, but it was raining hard.mA. must B. could C. should D. mightm14. I _ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stopped and talked with him for some time.A. shouldnt have come B. must have comeC. neednt have come D. could have comem15. I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been