大学英语四级培训真题讲解真题讲解 2007.12007.1SpringFestivalGalaOnCCTVSpringFestivalGalaOnCCTVCCTVGalaofSpringFestivalisaTVprogramlivebroadcastontheeveofCCTVGalaofSpringFestivalisaTVprogramlivebroadcastontheeveofe ea ac ch h S Sp pr ri in ng g F Fe es st ti iv va al l. . O Ov ve er r t th he e p pa as st t d de ec ca ad de es s m ma an ny y p pe eo op pl le e h ha av ve e e en nj jo oy ye ed d t th he e c co ol lo or rf fu ul l a an nd d f fu un nn ny y p pr ro og gr ra am ms s i in n t th he e g ga al la a, , a an nd d t to od da ay y s so om me e f fa am mi il li ie es s s st ti il ll l h ha av ve e a a familytraditionofcelebratingSpringFestivalbywatchingthegalatilllateintofamilytraditionofcelebratingSpringFestivalbywatchingthegalatilllateintothenight.thenight.Someothers,especiallysomeyoungsters,however,couldnotunderstandwhySomeothers,especiallysomeyoungsters,however,couldnotunderstandwhyt th he er re e a ar re e s so o m ma an ny y p pe eo op pl le e w wh ho o a ar re e e en nt th hu us si ia as st ti ic c f fo or r t th he e p pr ro og gr ra am ms s i in n t th he e g ga al la a. . T Th he ey y w wo on nd de er r i if f t th he es se e p pe eo op pl le e c ca an n s st ti il ll l c ca at tc ch h u up p w wi it th h t th he e f fa as st t c ch ha an ng gi in ng g w wo or rl ld d. . T Th he ey y w wo ou ul ld d a ar rg gu ue e t th ha at t t th he e p pr ro og gr ra am ms s i in n t th he e g ga al la a a ar re e b bo or ri in ng g a an nd d o ob bs so ol le et te e; ; t th he es se e p pr ro og gr ra am ms s, , w wh hi ic ch h m ma ay y l la as st t s se ev ve er ra al l h ho ou ur rs s, , a ar re e u un nb be ea ar ra ab bl le e. . T Th he er re ef fo or re e, , t th he ey y c ca al ll l onthecancellationoftheGalaonCCTV.onthecancellationoftheGalaonCCTV. I In n m my y o op pi in ni io on n, , t th he e g ga al la a, , d du ue e t to o i it ts s p po op pu ul la ar ri it ty y, , s sh ha al ll l n no ot t b be e c ca an nc ce el ll le ed d i in n s su uc ch h h ha as st te e. . T Th he e g ga al la a d do oe es s n no ot t n ne ec ce es ss sa ar ri il ly y g go o a ag ga ai in ns st t t th he e f fa as sh hi io on n a an nd d n no ov ve el lt ty y o of f t th he e m mo od de er rn n w wo or rl ld d. . T Th he er re e a ar re e v va ar ri io ou us s p pr ro og gr ra am ms s o on n t th he e g ga al la a t th ha at t m ma ay y a ap pp pe ea al l t to o d di if ff fe er re en nt t a au ud di ie en nc ce es s. . A Ab bo ov ve e a al ll l, , t th he e g ga al la a p pr ro ov vi id de es s a a g go oo od d c ch ha an nc ce e f fo or r f fa am mi il ly y m me em mb be er rs s t to o g ga at th he er r t to og ge et th he er r t to o c ce el le eb br ra at te e t th he e c co om mi in ng g o of f N Ne ew w Y Ye ea ar r i in n a a t tr ra ad di it ti io on na al l w wa ay y. . I If f w we e c co ou ul ld d b be e t to og ge et th he er r w wi it th h t th he e p pe er rs so on ns s w we e l lo ov ve e a an nd d s sa av vo or r ourtogetherness,whycancelthegalaonCCTV?ourtogetherness,whycancelthegalaonCCTV?naturalnaturalusageusageexceptionexceptionparticularparticularreferencereferenceessaysessayscolleaguescolleaguespersonalpersonalWhatwemayfindinterestingisthatitusuallytakesmorewordstobeWhatwemayfindinterestingisthatitusuallytakesmorewordstobepolite.polite.buttoastranger,Iprobablywouldsay“wouldyoumindclosingthebuttoastranger,Iprobablywouldsay“wouldyoumindclosingthedoor?”door?”ThereareboundtobesomewordsandphrasesthatbelonginformalThereareboundtobesomewordsandphrasesthatbelonginformallanguageandothersthatareinformal.languageandothersthatareinformal.adapttolifeinadifferentcultureadapttolifeinadifferentcultureadapttolifeindifferentculturesadapttolifeindifferentculturesnothingismoreattractivetomethanreadingnothingismoreattractivetomethanreadingnothingattractsmemorethanreadingnothingattractsmemorethanreadingcould/wouldhavehadachancetosurvivecould/wouldhavehadachancetosurvivecould/wouldhavesurvivedcould/wouldhavesurvivedmay/might/couldfeellonelywhen(theyare)awayfromhomemay/might/couldfeellonelywhen(theyare)awayfromhomeata/therateof12millionpeopleperyearata/therateof12millionpeopleperyearatanannualrateof12,000,000peopleatanannualrateof12,000,000people范文范文Welcome to our clubs!Welcome to join the English club! Do you have questions on how to overcomethe difficulties in English learning? Do you want to know how to pass the CollegeEnglish Test? Do you want to improve your oral English? You will find out the answers from our activities.The activities in English club will help you to improve your oral English which can give you an advantage in job interview. As the proverb goes, practice makes perfect. We provide you the opportunity to practice your oral English. Some people complain of the minimum chance to open their mouth to speak. The chance is right in front of you, so why hesitate?If you want to join us, just call us at 02088888888 or send an email to englishclubcet.edu.cn, with personal information attached. And after two days, you will be a member of our club. So dont hesitate, join us!abandonabnormalabolishabruptabsoluteabstractabandonabnormalabolishabruptabsoluteabstractabundanceabsurdaccelerateaccomplishaccustomedabundanceabsurdaccelerateaccomplishaccustomedacknowledgeacquaintadaptadoptadeptadhereacknowledgeacquaintadaptadoptadeptadhereadmissionaffirmationaggressiveaccess(accessible)assessadmissionaffirmationaggressiveaccess(accessible)assessallergy(allergic)alertalternativeamateurambitiousallergy(allergic)alertalternativeamateurambitiousanniversaryannualanticipateappreciateappropriateanniversaryannualanticipateappreciateappropriateapproximatearchitectureattachavailableavengeapproximatearchitectureattachavailableavengeawkwardattributeaptitudeaccuseadequateartificialawkwardattributeaptitudeaccuseadequateartificialWords StudyWords Studybankruptbargainbarrenbarrierbeckonbehalfbeneficialbankruptbargainbarrenbarrierbeckonbehalfbeneficialbetraybewilderboastbonusboomborderboundarybetraybewilderboastbonusboomborderboundarybrand-newbrilliantbudgetburdenburstboostboundbrand-newbrilliantbudgetburdenburstboostboundcafeteriacandidatecapacitycapturecautiouscelebritycafeteriacandidatecapacitycapturecautiouscelebrityceremonycampaignchampionchampagneclarifyclassifyceremonycampaignchampionchampagneclarifyclassifychaosclimateclingclumsycoincidencecomacombinationchaosclimateclingclumsycoincidencecomacombinationcompensationcompetitioncomplimentcomplementcomplycompensationcompetitioncomplimentcomplementcomplycommercialcomplexcomplicatedcomprehensiveconcisecommercialcomplexcomplicatedcomprehensiveconcisecompulsorycompromiseconceitcondemnconfidentialcompulsorycompromiseconceitcondemnconfidentialconscienceconsciousconscientiousconsentconsistentconscienceconsciousconscientiousconsentconsistentconsiderableconsiderateconstitutecontinualcontinuousconsiderableconsiderateconstitutecontinualcontinuouscontrarycontrastcontributioncuriositycriticalconvenientcontrarycontrastcontributioncuriositycriticalconvenientdamagedeadlydebatedecadedecaydeceivedeclaredeclinedamagedeadlydebatedecadedecaydeceivedeclaredeclinedecoratedecreasededicatededucedefeatdefend(defensive)decoratedecreasededicatededucedefeatdefend(defensive)deliberatededicatedemolishdemonstratedeparturedepositdeliberatededicatedemolishdemonstratedeparturedepositdeprivedepressiondessertdespairdesperatedestructiondeprivedepressiondessertdespairdesperatedestructiondiagnosedilemmadiligentdiminishdiscarddiscriminatediagnosedilemmadiligentdiminishdiscarddiscriminatedisgracefuldisguisedisgustdismissdistributedistractdisgracefuldisguisedisgustdismissdistributedistractdiversedivorcedomesticduplicatediversedivorcedomesticduplicateeliminateembarkembarrassemergeemergencyemigranteliminateembarkembarrassemergeemergencyemigrantendeavorenforceengageenhanceenlightenenormousendeavorenforceengageenhanceenlightenenormousentertainenthusiasmentitleenvyequivalenteraeruptentertainenthusiasmentitleenvyequivalenteraeruptessential(real)estateestimateeternalethicethnicevidentessential(real)estateestimateeternalethicethnicevidentexaggerateexceedexcellentexcessiveexceptionexclaimexaggerateexceedexcellentexcessiveexceptionexclaimexclusiveexertexpandexpelexpireextensiveexternalexclusiveexertexpandexpelexpireextensiveexternalextinctextinguishextraordinaryextravagantextinctextinguishextraordinaryextravagantefficienteffectiveelaborateelegantelementaryeligibleefficienteffectiveelaborateelegantelementaryeligibleflourishfluentforbidforecastformerfortnightfragileflourishfluentforbidforecastformerfortnightfragilefrequentfrustratefulfillfrequentfrustratefulfillfadefakefancyfatalfatiguefeasiblefertilefierceflexiblefadefakefancyfatalfatiguefeasiblefertilefierceflexibleglitterglobalgrabgrandgrantgraspgratefulgratitudeglitterglobalgrabgrandgrantgraspgratefulgratitudegriefguaranteeguiltgustgriefguaranteeguiltgusthandicappedharmonyharshhastyhatredhazardheartyhandicappedharmonyharshhastyhatredhazardheartyherdhesitate(hesitant)hinthistoricalhorrible(horrify)herdhesitate(hesitant)hinthistoricalhorrible(horrify)hospitalityhostagehostilehouseholdhumblehumidhospitalityhostagehostilehouseholdhumblehumidgamblegenerategenerousgeniusgestureglanceglaregamblegenerategenerousgeniusgestureglanceglareillegibleilliterateilluminateillusionillustrateimaginaryillegibleilliterateilluminateillusionillustrateimaginaryimaginableimitateimmediatelyimmenseimmigrantimaginableimitateimmediatelyimmenseimmigrantimminentimmuneimpactimply(implication)imposeimminentimmuneimpactimply(implication)imposeimprovementincentiveinclineincredibleindifferentimprovementincentiveinclineincredibleindifferentindignantinduceindulgeindustrialindustriousinevitableindignantinduceindulgeindustrialindustriousinevitableinfect(infectious)inferior(superior)infiniteinflation(deflation)infect(infectious)inferior(superior)infiniteinflation(deflation)influenceinhabitinheritinitialinnocentinnovationinsistinfluenceinhabitinheritinitialinnocentinnovationinsistidealidenticalidentifyidentityidleignore(ignorant)idealidenticalidentifyidentityidleignore(ignorant)intelligenceintendintenseinteractinterfereinterruptintelligenceintendintenseinteractinterfereinterruptintervalinvestinvestigateironicirritateintervalinvestinvestigateironicirritateinsomniainspireinstallinstantinstinctinstrumentinsomniainspireinstallinstantinstinctinstrumentlaboriouslandscapeleaklegiblelegislateleisurelessenlaboriouslandscapeleaklegiblelegislateleisurelessenlevyliableliberalliberatelibertylikelylikelihoodlevyliableliberalliberatelibertylikelylikelihoodliteralliteraryliterateliteraturelodgeluxuryliteralliteraryliterateliteraturelodgeluxuryjealousjudgmentjusticejustifykidnapjealousjudgmentjusticejustifykidnapmanufacturemartialmaturemaximumminimummanufacturemartialmaturemaximumminimummechanicmemorablemenacemercymergemigratemechanicmemorablemenacemercymergemigratemildmoderatemodestmotivatemultitudemysteriousmildmoderatemodestmotivatemultitudemysteriousnaughtynegativeneglectnominatenumerousnaughtynegativeneglectnominatenumerousobeyobjectiveobligationobscureobstacleoffendobeyobjectiveobligationobscureobstacleoffendoffensiveoffspringopaqueoppositeoptimismoptionoffensiveoffspringopaqueoppositeoptimismoptionordinaryoriginaloutstandingoverwhelmordinaryoriginaloutstandingoverwhelmmagicmagnificentmagnifymaintainmajoritymanualmagicmagnificentmagnifymaintainmajoritymanual写作要点写作要点内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点；内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点；作文结构层次是否清晰；作文结构层次是否清晰；语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误；语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误；是否能恰当地使用过渡性词语；是否能恰当地使用过渡性词语；作文字数是否达到要求；作文字数是否达到要求；卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮。卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮。高分作文的闪光点高分作文的闪光点一、结构一、结构清晰的结构是最大的清晰的结构是最大的“ “闪光点闪光点” ”。二、词和词组二、词和词组根据上下文特定的语境选择词汇。根据上下文特定的语境选择词汇。如：如：1. 1.某人持什么样的观点，不仅可以用某人持什么样的观点，不仅可以用thinkthink，还可以用，还可以用hold,argue,maintain,takeitforgrantedhold,argue,maintain,takeitforgranted等表达。等表达。2.2.不要只用不要只用first,secondfirst,second和和thirdthird。如果是两点，可以用。如果是两点，可以用onontheonehand,ontheotherhandtheonehand,ontheotherhand或或foronething,forforonething,foranother.another.如果是三点，可以使用的词组非常多，如如果是三点，可以使用的词组非常多，如totobeginwith,moreover,whatsthemostimportantbeginwith,moreover,whatsthemostimportant或或intheinthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,lastbutnotleastfirstplace,inthesecondplace,lastbutnotleast等等。等等。三、句型三、句型加大并列句和复合句的比例，减少简单句的比例。加大并列句和复合句的比例，减少简单句的比例。四、例子四、例子举例也是一种很好的说明、论述的办法，其原则就是典型、精举例也是一种很好的说明、论述的办法，其原则就是典型、精练。练。举例最常见的句型结构是：举例最常见的句型结构是：takeasanexampletakeasanexample，或或LetstakeasanexampleLetstakeasanexample，Agoodcaseinpointisthat,Agoodcaseinpointisthat,JustthinkofJustthinkof，which(who)which(who)五、谚语与名言五、谚语与名言要与上下文相切合，不宜过多。要与上下文相切合，不宜过多。用谚语时常用的句型：用谚语时常用的句型：asthefamoussaying(proverb)goes,asthefamoussaying(proverb)goes,Justassaid,“”,Justassaid,“”,justasthesayinggoes,justasthesayinggoes,。六、修辞六、修辞如如:Iflifeisajourney,:Iflifeisajourney,ThepasttwentyyearswitnessedThepasttwentyyearswitnessed七、插入语七、插入语如：如：Otherpeople,however,holdthatOtherpeople,however,holdthatToputanendtosuchaseriousproblem,inmymind,Toputanendtosuchaseriousproblem,inmymind,Manypeople,especiallytheparents,thinkitManypeople,especiallytheparents,thinkit八、标点符号八、标点符号词汇词汇PKPK认为、思考、考虑：认为、思考、考虑：thinkthink认为、主张：认为、主张：argue,maintain,hold,believeargue,maintain,hold,believe考虑：考虑：takeintoconsideration,consider,ponder,contemplate,takeintoconsideration,consider,ponder,contemplate,thinkover,reflecton/uponthinkover,reflecton/upon断定：断定：judgejudge下结论、断定：下结论、断定：cometoantheconclusion,arriveattheconclusion,cometoantheconclusion,arriveattheconclusion,drawtheconclusion,conclude,decide,assert,winddrawtheconclusion,conclude,decide,assert,windupup得到：得到：getget获得：获得：acquire,obtain,attain,reapacquire,obtain,attain,reap赢得、取得：赢得、取得：earn,gain,procureearn,gain,procure支持：支持：supportsupport支持、赞成：支持、赞成：approveof,infavorof,uphold,standbyonesside,approveof,infavorof,uphold,standbyonesside,agreewithagreewith提倡：提倡：advocate,recommendadvocate,recommend反对：反对：saynotosaynoto反对：反对：oppose,objecttooppose,objectto抵制：抵制：resistresist使用：使用：useuse充分运用：充分运用：optimize,makebest/fulluseof,takeadvantageofoptimize,makebest/fulluseof,takeadvantageof使用：使用：employ,utilizeemploy,utilize应用：应用：applyapply重要的：重要的：importantimportant意义深远的、重大的：意义深远的、重大的：far-reaching,profound,significantfar-reaching,profound,significant重要的，有决定性的：重要的，有决定性的：vital,crucial,criticalvital,crucial,critical然后：然后：thenthen后来、然后：后来、然后：afterwards,later,lateron,afterthatafterwards,later,lateron,afterthat 高兴的：高兴的：gladglad高兴的、心情好的：高兴的、心情好的：beinagoodmood,happy,cheerful,joyfulbeinagoodmood,happy,cheerful,joyfulpleased,delightedpleased,delighted说、告诉：说、告诉：say,tellsay,tell表达：表达：voice,convey,express,deliver,communicatevoice,convey,express,deliver,communicate描绘、描述、描写：描绘、描述、描写：describe,picturedescribe,picture现在：现在：nownow当前、目前：当前、目前：nowadays,atpresent,currently,presentlynowadays,atpresent,currently,presently练习练习MyViewonJob-HoppingMyViewonJob-Hopping1. 1.有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为2. 2.有些人喜欢经常换工作，因为有些人喜欢经常换工作，因为3. 3.我的看法我的看法八大类模板：观点类、批驳类、办法类、原因类、谚语类、八大类模板：观点类、批驳类、办法类、原因类、谚语类、 应用类、图表类和记叙类。应用类、图表类和记叙类。1 1、观点子类模板（对立观点）、观点子类模板（对立观点） PeoplesopinionsarealwaysdifferentoncetheytalkPeoplesopinionsarealwaysdifferentoncetheytalkabout_.Thosewho_maintainthat_.about_.Thosewho_maintainthat_.Theyalsofirmlybelievethat_.Theyalsofirmlybelievethat_. Manypeoplethinkotherwise.Ontheonehand,_.OntheManypeoplethinkotherwise.Ontheonehand,_.Ontheotherhand,_.otherhand,_. Myownopinionisthat_,inthisfast-developinginformationera,Myownopinionisthat_,inthisfast-developinginformationera,hasbecomemorethancommonandacceptable.Ifwewanttohasbecomemorethancommonandacceptable.Ifwewantto_,wehaveto_.Sowhynot_?_,wehaveto_.Sowhynot_?theyhaveaccumulatedenoughexperiencetoworktheyhaveaccumulatedenoughexperiencetoworksmoothlyandefficiently,sowhatsthepointinsmoothlyandefficiently,sowhatsthepointinchangingtoanotherjob?changingtoanotherjob?作文模板作文模板job-hoppingjob-hoppingifthepresentjobcanofferifthepresentjobcanofferneithersatisfactoryworkingneithersatisfactoryworkingconditionsnorfutureconditionsnorfutureopportunities,theywillnotopportunities,theywillnothesitateamomenttoleavehesitateamomenttoleaveneverchangetheirjobsneverchangetheirjobsthroughouttheirlivesthroughouttheirlivestheyholdthatlifeisbuttheyholdthatlifeisbutonceandjob-hoppingcanonceandjob-hoppingcanproviderichandexcitingproviderichandexcitingexperiencesexperiencesjob-hoppingjob-hoppingchangeforthefaster,thehigherandchangeforthefaster,thehigherandthestronger.Iflifeisajourney,wethestronger.Iflifeisajourney,wehavenothingtoregretsolongaswehavenothingtoregretsolongasweputmeaningintoit.putmeaningintoit.makeachangemakeachangekeeppacewiththetimes,keeppacewiththetimes,anyonewhowantstoexcelinhisanyonewhowantstoexcelinhisspecialtyhastoworkhardonthespecialtyhastoworkhardonthesamepostforyearstoacquirethesamepostforyearstoacquiretherequiredskillandknowledgerequiredskillandknowledge练习练习MyViewonMajor-HoppingMyViewonMajor-Hoppingmajor-hoppingmajor-hoppingneverchangetheirmajorthroughouttheircollegelifeneverchangetheirmajorthroughouttheircollegelifetheyhavebeenlovingtheirmajorforyearsanddreamingofapplyingwhattheyhavetheyhavebeenlovingtheirmajorforyearsanddreamingofapplyingwhattheyhavelearnedtotheirfuturework,sowhatsthepointinchangingtoanothermajor?learnedtotheirfuturework,sowhatsthepointinchangingtoanothermajor?anyonewhowantstoexcelinhisspecialtyhastoworkhardinthesamefieldforyearsanyonewhowantstoexcelinhisspecialtyhastoworkhardinthesamefieldforyearstoacquiretherequiredskillandknowledgetoacquiretherequiredskillandknowledgeiftheyarenotinterestedinorsatisfiedwiththeirmajoratcollege,theydecidetomakeiftheyarenotinterestedinorsatisfiedwiththeirmajoratcollege,theydecidetomakeachangewhentheypursuepostgraduatestudiesachangewhentheypursuepostgraduatestudiestheyarealsolikelytomakethetransitionbecausetheywanttofindasatisfactoryjobtheyarealsolikelytomakethetransitionbecausetheywanttofindasatisfactoryjobinthefuture.inthefuture.major-hoppingmajor-hoppingkeeppacewiththetimeskeeppacewiththetimeschangeforthefaster,thehigher,andthestronger.Ifwearesurethatthenewmajorchangeforthefaster,thehigher,andthestronger.Ifwearesurethatthenewmajorfitsusbetterandwilladdmeaningtoourlifefitsusbetterandwilladdmeaningtoourlifemakeanewbeginningmakeanewbeginning作业作业MyViewonStudentsEvaluationofTeachersMyViewonStudentsEvaluationofTeachers1. 1.近年来高校出现了学生评价教师的制度近年来高校出现了学生评价教师的制度2. 2.这种制度带来了很多好处这种制度带来了很多好处3. 3.这种制度也存在很多问题这种制度也存在很多问题勤奋的勤奋的(hardworking)(hardworking)、聪明的、聪明的(clever)(clever)认真的认真的(careful,serious)(careful,serious)、累的、累的(tired)(tired)平静的平静的(calm)(calm) 、适应、适应(beusedto)(beusedto)背诵背诵1.Lookbeforeyouleap.1.Lookbeforeyouleap.2.Topayapersoninhisowncoin.2.Topayapersoninhisowncoin.3.Practicemakesperfect.3.Practicemakesperfect.4.Practicewhatyoupreach.4.Practicewhatyoupreach.5.Pridewillhaveafall.5.Pridewillhaveafall.6.Inprosperitythinkofadversity.6.Inprosperitythinkofadversity.7.Wellbegunishalfdone.7.Wellbegunishalfdone.8.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.8.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.9.Speechissilver,silenceisgold.9.Speechissilver,silenceisgold.10.Asamansows,soheshallreap.10.Asamansows,soheshallreap.三思而后行。三思而后行。以其人之道，还治其人之身。以其人之道，还治其人之身。熟能生巧。熟能生巧。言行一致。言行一致。骄者必败。骄者必败。居安思危。居安思危。良好的开端是成功的一半。良好的开端是成功的一半。岁月不待人。岁月不待人。雄辩是银，沉默是金。雄辩是银，沉默是金。种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。背诵背诵11.Allgoodthingscometoanend.11.Allgoodthingscometoanend.12.Manproposes,Goddisposes.12.Manproposes,Goddisposes.13.EvenHomersometimesnods.13.EvenHomersometimesnods.14.Nocompetition,noprogress.14.Nocompetition,noprogress.15.Itsdoggedthatdoesit.15.Itsdoggedthatdoesit.16.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.16.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.17.Amissisasgoodasamile.17.Amissisasgoodasamile.18.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.18.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.19.Knowledgeispower.19.Knowledgeispower.20.Anidleyouth,aneedyage.20.Anidleyouth,aneedyage.天下没有不散的筵席。天下没有不散的筵席。谋事在人谋事在人, ,成事在天。成事在天。智者千虑，必有一失。智者千虑，必有一失。没有竞争就没有进步。没有竞争就没有进步。世上无难事，只怕有心人。世上无难事，只怕有心人。患难见真情。患难见真情。差之毫厘，失之千里。差之毫厘，失之千里。事实胜于雄辩。事实胜于雄辩。知识就是力量。知识就是力量。少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。背诵背诵21.Betterlatethannever.21.Betterlatethannever.22.Dowrongonceandyoullneverhearthe22.Dowrongonceandyoullneverheartheendofit.endofit.23.Easycome,easygo.23.Easycome,easygo.24.Everymanhashisfault.24.Everymanhashisfault.25.Liveandlearn.25.Liveandlearn.26.AllroadleadtoRome.26.AllroadleadtoRome.27.Itisaswelltoknowwhichwaythewind27.Itisaswelltoknowwhichwaythewindblows.blows.28.Opportunityseldomknockstwice.28.Opportunityseldomknockstwice.29.Nopains,nogains.29.Nopains,nogains.30.Seeingisbelieving.30.Seeingisbelieving.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。亡羊补牢，为时未晚。一失足成千古恨。一失足成千古恨。来的容易，去的快。来的容易，去的快。人无完人。人无完人。活到老，学到老。活到老，学到老。条条大路通罗马。条条大路通罗马。识时务者为俊杰。识时务者为俊杰。机不可失，失不再来。机不可失，失不再来。不劳不获。不劳不获。百闻不如一见百闻不如一见/ /眼见为实。眼见为实。翻译技巧翻译技巧考查对英语的综合运用能力，包括对语法、词汇、单词拼写考查对英语的综合运用能力，包括对语法、词汇、单词拼写等多方面全方位的考查。等多方面全方位的考查。解题技巧：解题技巧：一、解题步骤：一、解题步骤：1. 1.确定句型确定句型认真阅读题干，注意理解已给英文部分的含义和结构，然后分析给出的认真阅读题干，注意理解已给英文部分的含义和结构，然后分析给出的汉语部分（尤其是对汉语习语的理解要准确），从整体上把握句子的逻汉语部分（尤其是对汉语习语的理解要准确），从整体上把握句子的逻辑和结构，确定所选英语句型。注意题干往往已限制英语句型，不能随辑和结构，确定所选英语句型。注意题干往往已限制英语句型，不能随意更改。意更改。2. 2.确定时态确定时态如果需要翻译的部分是句子的主语和谓语，那么应先根据汉语内容，确如果需要翻译的部分是句子的主语和谓语，那么应先根据汉语内容，确定英语句子选用的主语和谓语，然后根据主语和谓语确定语态（主动句定英语句子选用的主语和谓语，然后根据主语和谓语确定语态（主动句或被动句）。如果汉语的主语较长或是句子，翻译时可用或被动句）。如果汉语的主语较长或是句子，翻译时可用it it作形式主语。作形式主语。最后根据确定全句的时态。最后根据确定全句的时态。3. 3.确定修饰成分确定修饰成分根据汉语意思确定英语中定语、状语和从句等修饰成分对应的词组或单根据汉语意思确定英语中定语、状语和从句等修饰成分对应的词组或单词，并确定其在句中的位置。词，并确定其在句中的位置。4. 4.组句组句将上述各成分按照英语表达习惯组织成句，确保句子的一致性、语序正将上述各成分按照英语表达习惯组织成句，确保句子的一致性、语序正确、虚词（介词、连词、冠词等）的用法和位置无误。确、虚词（介词、连词、冠词等）的用法和位置无误。5. 5.审校审校先核对句意是否有出入。之后检查单词拼写、单复数、时态、语态、语先核对句意是否有出入。之后检查单词拼写、单复数、时态、语态、语序、标点等各方面是否正确。序、标点等各方面是否正确。例：例：_(_(如果我们早点出发如果我们早点出发) )，wewouldntbewalkingintherain.wewouldntbewalkingintherain.答案：答案：IfwehadsetoutearlierIfwehadsetoutearlier二、翻译技巧二、翻译技巧1. 1.翻译原则：在语言风格和内容上忠实原文；符合英文表达习惯，切忌翻译原则：在语言风格和内容上忠实原文；符合英文表达习惯，切忌 使用中式英语；牢记主谓一致原则；避免重复、使用中式英语；牢记主谓一致原则；避免重复、嗦。嗦。2. 2.确定谓语动词时要注意该动词及物和不及物的不同用法。确定谓语动词时要注意该动词及物和不及物的不同用法。3. 3.为避免重复，再次提到名词或名词短语时可用代词为避免重复，再次提到名词或名词短语时可用代词it,this,that,these,it,this,that,these,those,theone,theonesthose,theone,theones等来替代。等来替代。4. 4.短语或分词短语修饰名词或名词结构要放在被修饰成分之后。短语或分词短语修饰名词或名词结构要放在被修饰成分之后。5. 5.对于选用的动词，要考虑其时态和语态，包括其分词作定语和状语的对于选用的动词，要考虑其时态和语态，包括其分词作定语和状语的 情况。情况。6. 6.在英语简单句中，只能有一个谓语部分。在英语简单句中，只能有一个谓语部分。翻译练习翻译练习1.Withtheimprovementofourlivingstandards,peopleare_(1.Withtheimprovementofourlivingstandards,peopleare_(越越来越重视健康了来越重视健康了). ).attachingmoreandmoreimportancetotheirhealthattachingmoreandmoreimportancetotheirhealth2.Theimprovementoftheequipment_(2.Theimprovementoftheequipment_(带来了很高的利润带来了很高的利润). ).bringsalotofprofitsbringsalotofprofits3.Hefinallyrealized_(3.Hefinallyrealized_(他们应当采取有效措施来应付这个局面他们应当采取有效措施来应付这个局面). ).thattheyshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituationthattheyshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation4.Wearegettingmoreandmorenervous_(4.Wearegettingmoreandmorenervous_(随着考试周的临近随着考试周的临近). ).astheexamweekapproached/withtheapproachingoftheexamweekastheexamweekapproached/withtheapproachingoftheexamweek5._(5._(撒谎又有什么用呢撒谎又有什么用呢),ifshehaslearnedeverything?),ifshehaslearnedeverything?WhatsthegoodoflyingWhatsthegoodoflying翻译练习翻译练习1._(1._(为了身体的健康为了身体的健康) )，measuresarebeingtakentomeasuresarebeingtakentocontrolandpreventpollution.controlandpreventpollution.ForthesakeofpeopleshealthForthesakeofpeopleshealth2.Somedevelopingcountriescannotevensupporttheirpresentpopulations,2.Somedevelopingcountriescannotevensupporttheirpresentpopulations,_(_(更不用说将来过多的人口了更不用说将来过多的人口了). ).letalonetheoverpopulationofthefutureletalonetheoverpopulationofthefuture3.Onlybybeingingoodshape_(3.Onlybybeingingoodshape_(一个人才可能去学习、一个人才可能去学习、工作、享乐工作、享乐). ).canoneexpecttostudy,work,andenjoyhimselfcanoneexpecttostudy,work,andenjoyhimself4.WemustrealizethatTVitselfisneithergoodnorbad,4.WemustrealizethatTVitselfisneithergoodnorbad, _(它对人和社会的价值取决于我们如何看待它它对人和社会的价值取决于我们如何看待它). ).anditsvaluetopeopleandsocietydependsonhowwelookatitanditsvaluetopeopleandsocietydependsonhowwelookatit5.Themoststrikingdifferencebetweenhomelifeanddormitorylifeis_5.Themoststrikingdifferencebetweenhomelifeanddormitorylifeis_(_(学生必须开始对自身的行为承担责任学生必须开始对自身的行为承担责任). ). thatstudentsmustbegintotakeresponsibilityfortheirownactionsthatstudentsmustbegintotakeresponsibilityfortheirownactions翻译练习翻译练习1.However,theproblemofenvironmentalpollution1.However,theproblemofenvironmentalpollutionremains_(remains_(远远没有解决远远没有解决). ).farfrombeingsolvedfarfrombeingsolved2.Populationexplosionwill_(2.Populationexplosionwill_(进一步阻碍生活水平的提高进一步阻碍生活水平的提高). ).furtherhindertheimprovementoflivingstandardsfurtherhindertheimprovementoflivingstandards3.Thereisnodoubtthat_(3.Thereisnodoubtthat_(知识在我们的人生中扮演重要的角色知识在我们的人生中扮演重要的角色). ).knowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlifeknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlife4.Withthedevelopmentofournationaleconomy,_4.Withthedevelopmentofournationaleconomy,_(所有这些问题将会逐步得以解决所有这些问题将会逐步得以解决). ).alltheseproblemswillbesolvedstepbystepalltheseproblemswillbesolvedstepbystep5.Tomakeawisechoice,_(5.Tomakeawisechoice,_(必须考虑两个因素必须考虑两个因素). ).twoimportantthingsshouldbetakenintoconsiderationtwoimportantthingsshouldbetakenintoconsideration翻译练习翻译练习1.Toprotectourenvironment,_(1.Toprotectourenvironment,_(我们应该学会妥善处置废物我们应该学会妥善处置废物). ).weshouldlearntodisposeofwasteproperlyweshouldlearntodisposeofwasteproperly2.Every,2.Every, _(_(我们必须对国家有强烈的责任感我们必须对国家有强烈的责任感). ).wemusthaveastrongsenseofresponsibilitytoourcountrywemusthaveastrongsenseofresponsibilitytoourcountry3.Overpopulationisalsoaproblemfordevelopedcountries_3.Overpopulationisalsoaproblemfordevelopedcountries_(因为这些国宝的自然资源同样有限因为这些国宝的自然资源同样有限). ).sincenaturalresourcesinthesecountriesareequallylimitedsincenaturalresourcesinthesecountriesareequallylimited4.Generationgaprefersto_(4.Generationgaprefersto_(年长的人和年轻人之年长的人和年轻人之 间在观念、感情和兴趣方面的差异间在观念、感情和兴趣方面的差异). ).thedifferenceinideas,feelings,andinterestsbetweenolderandyoungerpeoplethedifferenceinideas,feelings,andinterestsbetweenolderandyoungerpeople5.Lifeintheuniversityis_(5.Lifeintheuniversityis_(并不像我们所期望的那样令人满意并不像我们所期望的那样令人满意). ).notassatisfactoryaswhatweexpectednotassatisfactoryaswhatweexpected虚拟语气虚拟语气非真实非真实条件条件结构形式结构形式例例 句句与现在与现在事实相反事实相反If S + did, S + would (could, might, should) doIf you studied hard, you would make more progress与过去与过去事实相反事实相反If S + had done, S + would (could, might, should) have doneIf he had adequate preparations, he would have succeeded in the exams.表示将来表示将来不可能实不可能实现的情况现的情况If S + should (were to ) + do, S + would (could, might, should) doIf there should be a flood in the small village, a lot of damage should be done隐含虚拟条件句隐含虚拟条件句假设的情况有时不是通过一个条件句来实现的，而是隐含在一个假设的情况有时不是通过一个条件句来实现的，而是隐含在一个介词或介词短语（如：介词或介词短语（如：without,butfor,intheabsenceofwithout,butfor,intheabsenceof）从属连词）从属连词(butthat)(butthat)或并列连词或并列连词(but,or)(but,or)中。中。省略倒装虚拟条件句省略倒装虚拟条件句如果条件从句中包含如果条件从句中包含were,had,should,were,had,should,有时可以把有时可以把ifif省略，并且把省略，并且把were,had,shouldwere,had,should放在主语前面。放在主语前面。虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用1)1)表示表示“ “建议、要求、希望、命令建议、要求、希望、命令” ”等动词后的宾语从句中使用等动词后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式为虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式为should+should+动词原形，动词原形，shouldshould常省略。常省略。这类动词主要有；这类动词主要有；suggest,propose,recommend,move,rule,demand,suggest,propose,recommend,move,rule,demand,desire,order,command,direct,require,request,ask,insist,prefer,desire,order,command,direct,require,request,ask,insist,prefer,advise,urgeadvise,urge等。等。2)2)“Itis+adj./v.ed+that”“Itis+adj./v.ed+that”从句从句“ “结构中的虚拟语气结构中的虚拟语气。这一结构中的形容词或过去分词常常由表示这一结构中的形容词或过去分词常常由表示“ “建议、要求、希建议、要求、希望、命令望、命令” ”等的动词作相应变化而成。如等的动词作相应变化而成。如:suggested,proposed,:suggested,proposed,recommended,required,ordered,desirable,advisablerecommended,required,ordered,desirable,advisable等，等，thatthat从句中从句中的谓语形式为的谓语形式为should+should+动词原形，动词原形，shouldshould常省略。常省略。 这一结构中的形容词常常表示这一结构中的形容词常常表示“ “重要的，必要的重要的，必要的” ”, ,如如:important,essential,vital,necessary,imperative:important,essential,vital,necessary,imperative等，等，thatthat从句中的谓从句中的谓语形式为语形式为 should+should+动词原形，动词原形，shouldshould常省略。常省略。3)3)表示表示“ “建议、要求、希望、命令建议、要求、希望、命令” ”等动词派生的名词后的同位等动词派生的名词后的同位语从句中使用虚拟语气语从句中使用虚拟语气，从句的谓语形式为，从句的谓语形式为should+should+动词原形动词原形,should,should常省略。这类名词主要有：常省略。这类名词主要有：suggestion,demand,proposal,suggestion,demand,proposal,order,advice,requirement,recommendation,request,movement,desireorder,advice,requirement,recommendation,request,movement,desire等。等。4)4)lest(lest(恐怕恐怕) )，forfearthat(forfearthat(担心担心) )引导的状语从句中使用虚拟语气引导的状语从句中使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式为从句中的谓语形式为should+should+动词原形，动词原形，shouldshould常省略。常省略。5)5)表示愿望的动词表示愿望的动词wishwish以及以及ifonlyifonly引导的惊叹句引导的惊叹句。其谓语形式为：。其谓语形式为： 表示对现在的愿望时，用过去式；表示对现在的愿望时，用过去式； 表示对过去的愿望时，用过去完成式表示对过去的愿望时，用过去完成式( (或或couldhavedone)couldhavedone) 表示对将来的愿望时，用表示对将来的愿望时，用would/could/mightwould/could/might动词原形。动词原形。6 6）由由asif/asthoughasif/asthough连接的状语从句中，谓语通常用一般过去式连接的状语从句中，谓语通常用一般过去式或过去完成式。或过去完成式。7)7)某些特殊结构中的虚拟语气，如某些特殊结构中的虚拟语气，如:Itis(was)timethat:Itis(was)timethat（从句谓（从句谓语用一般过去式或过去完成式）语用一般过去式或过去完成式）wouldrather(sooner,wouldrather(sooner,justassoonjustassoon)+that)+that从句谓语为一般过去式或过去完成式，这一结构意义为从句谓语为一般过去式或过去完成式，这一结构意义为“ “宁愿宁愿”篇章阅读篇章阅读对于对于1515选选1010的题型，解题步骤有四步的题型，解题步骤有四步: :第一步第一步: :通读全文，通读全文， 特别是每个段落的首末句，迅速抓住文章的主特别是每个段落的首末句，迅速抓住文章的主题和中心。题和中心。 第二步第二步: :对所给出的备选单词进行词性分类对所给出的备选单词进行词性分类 第三步第三步: :根据上下文意思进行填空根据上下文意思进行填空 第四步第四步: :检查核对。检查核对。 解决解决1515选选1010题型的五大绝招题型的五大绝招: :1)1)词性判断词性判断 2)2)常用搭配常用搭配 3)3)内在逻辑内在逻辑 4)4)感情色彩感情色彩 5)5)语法常识语法常识 Passage 1名词 动词 形容词副词 revealreveal typicallytypically cushionscushionsdiscoverdiscover solutionssolutions helpfulhelpfullongerlongerexistenceexistencestrengthenedstrengthenedstrengthenedstrengthened dailydaily replacementreplacementabsenceabsencesymbolicallysymbolicallyexchangeexchangefatalfatalexchangeexchange篇章词汇解题技巧篇章词汇解题技巧找出空白处所需的单词在整个句子里充当什么成分，进而决定此处所找出空白处所需的单词在整个句子里充当什么成分，进而决定此处所缺单词的词性和词形。缺单词的词性和词形。1. 1.如何确定空白处为动词如何确定空白处为动词（1 1）n./pron.n./pron.vt.vt.n./pron.n./pron.即空白处前已有名词即空白处前已有名词/ /代词作主语，则空代词作主语，则空白处应为及物动词作谓语，空白处后的名词白处应为及物动词作谓语，空白处后的名词/ /代词是该动词的宾语；代词是该动词的宾语； （2 2）n./pron.n./pron.vi.vi.即空白处前是名词即空白处前是名词/ /代词，空白处后不带宾语，代词，空白处后不带宾语，则空白处为不及物动词；则空白处为不及物动词；（3 3）n./pron.n./pron.vi.vi.adv./pre.adv./pre. 即空白处前是名词即空白处前是名词/ /代词作主语，空白处代词作主语，空白处后是副词后是副词/ /介词，则空白处为不及物动词，与该副词介词，则空白处为不及物动词，与该副词/ /介词构成固定介词构成固定搭配；搭配；（4 4）n./pron.n./pron.linkv./belinkv./be adj.adj. 即空白处前已有名词即空白处前已有名词/ /代词作主语，代词作主语，空白处后为形容词，则空白处为系动词或空白处后为形容词，则空白处为系动词或bebe动词；动词；（5 5）to tov.v. 即空白处前有不定式标志即空白处前有不定式标志to to，则可考虑空白处为动词，则可考虑空白处为动词原形。原形。2. 2.如何确定空白处为分词如何确定空白处为分词过去分词：过去分词：（1 1）has/have/hadhas/have/hadp.p.p.p.如果句子是现在完成时或过去完成时如果句子是现在完成时或过去完成时（2 2）bebep.p.p.p. 在被动语态的句子里在被动语态的句子里（3 3） p.p.p.p.n.n. 或或n.n.p.p.p.p. 过去分词可以作形容词过去分词可以作形容词现在分词：现在分词：（1 1）bebe-ing-ing 如果句子为进行时态如果句子为进行时态（2 2）-ing-ingn.n.或或n.n.-ing-ing现在分词也可充当形容词现在分词也可充当形容词3. 3.如何确定空白处为名词如何确定空白处为名词（1 1）a/an/thea/an/then.n.，adj.adj.n.n.，vt.vt.n.n.即空白处前面冠词、形容词即空白处前面冠词、形容词或及物动词；或及物动词；（2 2）n.n.v. v.即空白处后面是动词谓语；即空白处后面是动词谓语；（3 3）prep.prep.n.n.即空白处前面是介词，空白处充当介词宾语。即空白处前面是介词，空白处充当介词宾语。4. 4.如何确定空白处为形容词如何确定空白处为形容词（1 1）adj.adj.n.n. 或或n. n.adj.adj. 形容词是修饰名词的，可以前置或后形容词是修饰名词的，可以前置或后置因此，如果空白处前或后是名词，则应考虑空白处是否为形置因此，如果空白处前或后是名词，则应考虑空白处是否为形容词；容词；（2 2）adv.adv.adj.adj.副词可以修饰形容词，因此空白处前面是副词，可以考副词可以修饰形容词，因此空白处前面是副词，可以考虑空白处是否为形容词；虑空白处是否为形容词；（3 3）be/linkv.be/linkv.adj.adj.形容词可以作形容词可以作 bebe动词或系动词的表语，因此在动词或系动词的表语，因此在bebe动词或系动词后，可以考虑是否需要一个形容词作表语。动词或系动词后，可以考虑是否需要一个形容词作表语。5. 5.如何确定空白处为副词如何确定空白处为副词（1 1） adv.adv.v. v. 或或v.v.adv.adv.副词通常修饰动词，因此，如果空白处前后可以副词通常修饰动词，因此，如果空白处前后可以找到句子的主语或谓语，则应考虑空白处是否为副词，用于修饰该动词找到句子的主语或谓语，则应考虑空白处是否为副词，用于修饰该动词的程度状态；的程度状态；（2 2） adv.adv.adj.adj.副词也可以修饰形容词，因此在形容词前的空白处也可能副词也可以修饰形容词，因此在形容词前的空白处也可能是副词；是副词；（3 3） adv.adv.从句从句 有些副词作句子的状语，表达转折、因果等逻辑关系，这有些副词作句子的状语，表达转折、因果等逻辑关系，这可以通过上下文的语义关系做出判断。可以通过上下文的语义关系做出判断。写作常用优秀句型写作常用优秀句型1. 1.由由whilewhile引导的状语从句引导的状语从句凸显两种观点的对比，又使句子显得非常精练。凸显两种观点的对比，又使句子显得非常精练。如：如：DifferentpeopleholddifferentideasonSomepeoplethinkthat,DifferentpeopleholddifferentideasonSomepeoplethinkthat,whileothersholdthatwhileothersholdthat2.Thosewho2.Thosewho句型句型ThoseThose是一个指示代词，指代上文出现的人们，而是一个指示代词，指代上文出现的人们，而whowho引导的是定语从句，一引导的是定语从句，一般引出持何种观点，句子后面就可以说他们如何如何。般引出持何种观点，句子后面就可以说他们如何如何。如：如：ThosewhoareinfavoroftheInternetclaimthatThosewhoareinfavoroftheInternetclaimthatThosewhoareopposedtotheInternetholdthatThosewhoareopposedtotheInternetholdthat3. 3.倒装句倒装句倒装句可由倒装句可由onlyonly引起，也可由一组否定词引起。一般出现在文章的末段，这引起，也可由一组否定词引起。一般出现在文章的末段，这样的句子力度非常强，强调要解决问题就必须如何做。样的句子力度非常强，强调要解决问题就必须如何做。如：如：OnlywhenOnlyifOnlybyplanninghistimecarefullyOnlywhenOnlyifOnlybyplanninghistimecarefullyonlyinthiswaycanwemasterthewrithingskills.onlyinthiswaycanwemasterthewrithingskills.勤奋的：勤奋的：hardworkinghardworking勤奋的：勤奋的：diligent,studious,industriousdiligent,studious,industrious 认真的：认真的：careful,seriouscareful,serious认真的，谨慎的：认真的，谨慎的：conscientious,cautiousconscientious,cautious聪明的：聪明的：cleverclever聪明的，有才智的：聪明的，有才智的：intelligent,bright,wise,brilliantintelligent,bright,wise,brilliant平静的：平静的：calmcalm冷静的，清醒的：冷静的，清醒的：sober,reasonable,sensible,rationalsober,reasonable,sensible,rational累的：累的：tiredtired疲惫不堪的：疲惫不堪的：exhausted,fatigued,run-down,worn-out,wearyexhausted,fatigued,run-down,worn-out,weary适应：适应：beusedtobeusedto适应：适应：beadaptedto,beaccustomedto,beadjustedtobeadaptedto,beaccustomedto,beadjustedtoMyViewonStudentsEvaluationofTeachersMyViewonStudentsEvaluationofTeachersabrandnewsystemamonguniversities,inwhichstudentstakeabrandnewsystemamonguniversities,inwhichstudentstakepartinevaluatingtheirteacherspartinevaluatingtheirteachersadvancededucationadvancededucationteachersshoulddotheirbesttoimprovenotonlytheirspecializedteachersshoulddotheirbesttoimprovenotonlytheirspecializedknowledgeandskillsbutalsotheirteachingmethodsinordertoknowledgeandskillsbutalsotheirteachingmethodsinordertomeettheneedsoftheirstudents.meettheneedsoftheirstudents.teacherswillpaymoreattentiontoself-imagesoastowinrespectteacherswillpaymoreattentiontoself-imagesoastowinrespectfromstudents.fromstudents.theteacher-studentrelationshipwillbecloserandmoretheteacher-studentrelationshipwillbecloserandmoreharmonious.harmonious.thestudentsevaluationofteacherscannotalwaysbeobjectiveitthestudentsevaluationofteacherscannotalwaysbeobjectiveitshouldbecombinedwithevaluationfromauthorityandcolleagues.shouldbecombinedwithevaluationfromauthorityandcolleagues.themostpopularteachermayneitherbethemostknowledgeablethemostpopularteachermayneitherbethemostknowledgeablenortheonewiththemostadvancedteachingmethod.northeonewiththemostadvancedteachingmethod.someteachersmaybecomeindulgentwiththeirstudentsbecausesometeachersmaybecomeindulgentwiththeirstudentsbecauseofthisnewsystem-theytakeadvantageofsomestudentsintentionofthisnewsystem-theytakeadvantageofsomestudentsintentiontopassthefinalexaminationeasily.topassthefinalexaminationeasily.wedealwiththeseproblemssuccessfullywedealwiththeseproblemssuccessfullybenefitthemostfromsuchanewsystembenefitthemostfromsuchanewsystem作业作业MyViewonSelectiveCoursesMyViewonSelectiveCourses1. 1.选修课是大学教育的一部分选修课是大学教育的一部分2. 2.我对选修课的看法我对选修课的看法3. 3.如何发挥选修课的作用如何发挥选修课的作用阻止阻止(stop)(stop)、好处坏处、好处坏处(good/badside)(good/badside)参加参加(join,enter)(join,enter)、注意、注意(payonesattentionto)(payonesattentionto)花时间做花时间做(spend)(spend) 、依赖依靠、依赖依靠 (dependon)(dependon)studentscanchoosecoursesoftheirspecialinterestandmakestudentscanchoosecoursesoftheirspecialinterestandmakefurtherexplorationsfurtherexplorationsselectivecoursescanbeinformative,instructiveandinspiring,selectivecoursescanbeinformative,instructiveandinspiring,becausedifferentteachers,subjects,classmatesandenvironmentbecausedifferentteachers,subjects,classmatesandenvironmentwillneverfailtosparklenewthoughtswillneverfailtosparklenewthoughtsnotonlyincreasethequantitybutalsoimprovethequalityofnotonlyincreasethequantitybutalsoimprovethequalityofselectivecoursesselectivecoursestheuniversityshouldmakeacarefularrangementofselectivetheuniversityshouldmakeacarefularrangementofselectivecoursessothattheycanfacilitateinsteadofhinderingnormalcoursessothattheycanfacilitateinsteadofhinderingnormalstudystudy阻止阻止 ： stopstop 阻碍，阻止：阻碍，阻止：hinder,prevent,avoid,restrainhinder,prevent,avoid,restrain好处、坏处：好处、坏处：good(bad)sidegood(bad)side好处，优点：好处，优点：advantage,merit,benefitadvantage,merit,benefit坏处，缺点：坏处，缺点：disadvantage,defect,flaw,disadvantage,defect,flaw, deficiencydeficiency注注意：意：payonesattentiontopayonesattentionto集中精力于集中精力于:focuson,centeron,concentrateon:focuson,centeron,concentrateon专心于：专心于：setonesmindosetonesmindo参加：参加：join,enterjoin,enter参加：参加：participatein,attend,takepartin,goinfor,engageinparticipatein,attend,takepartin,goinfor,engagein花时间做花时间做 ： spendspend抽出时间做：抽出时间做：setaside,putaside,sparesetaside,putaside,spare依赖、依靠：依赖、依靠：dependondependon依赖、依靠：依赖、依靠：relyon,leanonrelyon,leanon写作常用优秀句型写作常用优秀句型4. 4.强调句强调句强调句语气强烈，能给阅卷老师留下深刻印象。强调句语气强烈，能给阅卷老师留下深刻印象。如：如：itistheywhogivehestudentcourageanditistheywhogivehestudentcourageand5. 5.反问句反问句反问句许多时候能达到肯定句加上修饰成分也无法达到的效果。反问句许多时候能达到肯定句加上修饰成分也无法达到的效果。如：如：Ifyouhaveonlyhadwonderfulthingshappentoyou,howIfyouhaveonlyhadwonderfulthingshappentoyou,howcanyoubecomebrave?canyoubecomebrave?6. 6. ThereisnosuchthingasThereisnosuchthingas此句型语气非常强烈，意即此句型语气非常强烈，意即“ “没有没有这样的事情这样的事情” ”。如：如：thereisnosuchthingasdestinedfateinourlife.thereisnosuchthingasdestinedfateinourlife.作业作业AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofElectronicDictionaryAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofElectronicDictionary1. 1.电子词典的优点电子词典的优点2. 2.电子词典的缺点电子词典的缺点3. 3.我的结论我的结论不开心的不开心的(sad)(sad)、尽力做、尽力做(tryto,workhard)(tryto,workhard)进步进步(progress)(progress)、渴望、渴望(desire)(desire)禁止禁止(prevent)(prevent) 、除、除还有还有 (besides)(besides)翻译练习翻译练习1.Itistime_(1.Itistime_(当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题). ).thattheauthoritiestookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblemsthattheauthoritiestookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems2.Everyonehasaright_(2.Everyonehasaright_(处理他认为属于自己分内的事处理他认为属于自己分内的事). ).todealwithwhathethinksofashisowntodealwithwhathethinksofashisown3.Thecompanywilladaptitsgeneralplan_(3.Thecompanywilladaptitsgeneralplan_(以满足其迅速扩展的以满足其迅速扩展的业务的需要业务的需要). ).tomeettherequirementsofitsrapidlyexpandingbusinesstomeettherequirementsofitsrapidlyexpandingbusiness4.Itsabeautifulcottage_(4.Itsabeautifulcottage_(离最近的海滩仅离最近的海滩仅5 5分钟的路程分钟的路程). ).whichisnomorethanfiveminutesfromthenearestbeachwhichisnomorethanfiveminutesfromthenearestbeach5._(5._(他刚一进屋他刚一进屋)whentheystartedtoaskhimquestions.)whentheystartedtoaskhimquestions.HardlyhadheenteredtheroomHardlyhadheenteredtheroom语法精讲语法精讲- -主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法形式一主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法形式一致；概念一致（语言内容上一致）；毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式致；概念一致（语言内容上一致）；毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 另外，根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方另外，根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致，还有指代一致。面与所指的词保持一致，还有指代一致。 一、语法形式一致一、语法形式一致 1 1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用用单数形式。复数主语，用andand或或bothandbothand连接的动词不定式短语、动名连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如：例如： Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.2 2、由、由aswellas,with,alongwith,like,togetherwith,ratherthan,except,but,aswellas,with,alongwith,like,togetherwith,ratherthan,except,but,including,accompaniedby,plus,besides,inadditionto,nolessthanincluding,accompaniedby,plus,besides,inadditionto,nolessthan等引起的等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式例如：例如： ThemantogetherwithhiswifeandchildrensitsonthesofawatchingTV.ThemantogetherwithhiswifeandchildrensitsonthesofawatchingTV.语法精讲语法精讲- -主谓一致主谓一致3 3、有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上、有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有是多数，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either,neither,each,one,either,neither,each,one,theother,another,somebody,someone,something,anyone,anything,theother,another,somebody,someone,something,anyone,anything,anybody,everyone,everything,everybody,noone,nothing,nobodyanybody,everyone,everything,everybody,noone,nothing,nobody等。等。例如：例如：Everythingaroundusismatter.Everythingaroundusismatter.4 4、当、当andand连结的两个名词是指同一个人或同一件事，连结的两个名词是指同一个人或同一件事，andand后的名词前没有冠词，后的名词前没有冠词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；在谓语动词应该用单数形式；在andand后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。例如：例如：Thebreadandbutterisservedforbreakfast.Thebreadandbutterisservedforbreakfast.5 5、当、当oneof,aportionof,aseriesof,aspeciesof,achainofoneof,aportionof,aseriesof,aspeciesof,achainof结构作主语时，谓语结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。动词要用单数形式。例如：例如：Oneofthosestudentshaspassedtheexamination.Oneofthosestudentshaspassedtheexamination.6 6、由、由oneandahalf+oneandahalf+复数名词或复数名词或themajorityof+themajorityof+名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。名词的单复数形式而定。例如：例如：Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.语法精讲语法精讲- -主谓一致主谓一致7 7、plentyof,halfof,alotof,lotsof,heapsof,loadsof,scadsofplentyof,halfof,alotof,lotsof,heapsof,loadsof,scadsof等等 +可数与不可可数与不可数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。词的单复数而定。例如：例如：Thereisplentyofwaterinthepail.Thereisplentyofwaterinthepail.8 8、由、由morethanone(morethanone(或或morethanone+morethanone+单数名词单数名词) )，manya+manya+单数名词作主语，单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：例如： Manyaboylearnstoswimbeforehecanread.Manyaboylearnstoswimbeforehecanread.9 9、如果名词词组中心词是、如果名词词组中心词是“ “分数或百分数分数或百分数 +of+of+名词名词” ”，谓语动词的单、复，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于数形式取决于ofof后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如：例如：Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan.Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan.1010、定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。、定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。例如：例如：Heisoneofthemenwhowerechosentorepresentthegroup.Heisoneofthemenwhowerechosentorepresentthegroup.语法精讲语法精讲- -主谓一致主谓一致二、概念一致（语言内容上一致）二、概念一致（语言内容上一致） 1 1、有些集合名词如、有些集合名词如crowd,family,team,orchestracrowd,family,team,orchestra（管弦乐队）（管弦乐队）,group,group,government,committee,class,school,union,firm,staff,publicgovernment,committee,class,school,union,firm,staff,public等，它们作主等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时，语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。例如：例如：Hisfamilyisgoingtomove.Hisfamilyareverywell.Hisfamilyisgoingtomove.Hisfamilyareverywell.2 2、有些表示总体意义的名词，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词、有些表示总体意义的名词，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式，如要用复数形式，如people,police,militia,cattle,poultrypeople,police,militia,cattle,poultry（家禽）等。（家禽）等。例如：例如：Thepolicearesearchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard.Thepolicearesearchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard.3 3、有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却是单数。如、有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却是单数。如news,means,works.news,means,works.还有许还有许多以多以icsics结尾的学科名称，如结尾的学科名称，如economics,physics,mechanics,politicseconomics,physics,mechanics,politics等，它们等，它们作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：例如：Politicsisacomplicatedbusiness.Politicsisacomplicatedbusiness.4 4、用、用andand连接的单数主语，前面有连接的单数主语，前面有each,every,manya,noeach,every,manya,no等修饰时，谓语动词等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语与要用单数形式。复数主语与eacheach连用时，应不受连用时，应不受eacheach的影响，谓语动词仍的影响，谓语动词仍用复数形式。用复数形式。例如：例如： Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasseenit.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasseenit.：语法精讲语法精讲- -主谓一致主谓一致5 5、表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。、表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：例如： Twentymilesisalongwaytowalk.Twentymilesisalongwaytowalk. 6 6、the+the+形容词作主语时，如主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式；如果形容词作主语时，如主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式；如果指的是单个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。指的是单个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：例如： Thedepartedwasagoodfriendofhis.Thedepartedwasagoodfriendofhis.三、毗邻一致（就近原则）三、毗邻一致（就近原则） 1 1、由连词、由连词or,neitheror,eitheror,notonlyalso,noror,neitheror,eitheror,notonlyalso,nor等连接的并列主语，谓等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原则，与贴近它的主语一致。语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原则，与贴近它的主语一致。例如：例如： Eitheryouorheisnotellingthetruth.Eitheryouorheisnotellingthetruth.2 2、在、在therebetherebe的结构中，谓语动词的单复数形式一般也采取就近原则。的结构中，谓语动词的单复数形式一般也采取就近原则。例如：例如： Thereisadeskandfourbenchesintheoffice.Thereisadeskandfourbenchesintheoffice.Therearetwochairsandadeskintheoffice.Therearetwochairsandadeskintheoffice.阅读理解阅读理解一、一、 阅读理解难度体现阅读理解难度体现(1)(1)阅读速度：总时间阅读速度：总时间4040分钟，各个题型时间被严格控制，备考训练不能忽视分钟，各个题型时间被严格控制，备考训练不能忽视(2)(2)词汇量：很多同学阅读提不上去的一个主要问题是词汇量其小词汇量：很多同学阅读提不上去的一个主要问题是词汇量其小(3)(3)长句与难句：这是四级文章增加难度的方式之一长句与难句：这是四级文章增加难度的方式之一(4)(4)超迷惑性选项：增加选项难度的方式。超迷惑性选项：增加选项难度的方式。二、二、 阅读理解的选材与选裁阅读理解的选材与选裁1.1.选材：社会生活、经济、教育、文化、科普、等方面。选材：社会生活、经济、教育、文化、科普、等方面。一般以社会生活和经济为主。一般以社会生活和经济为主。2.2.体裁：议论文，说明文，叙述文，描述文。一般以议论文和说明文为主。体裁：议论文，说明文，叙述文，描述文。一般以议论文和说明文为主。3.3.特点：特点：(1)(1)说明文为主，兼议论说明文为主，兼议论(2)(2)最新国外报刊新闻最新国外报刊新闻(3)(3)词汇量大，并有专有名词词汇量大，并有专有名词【这是四级考试文章最大变化之一这是四级考试文章最大变化之一】(4)(4)文章显著增长，须圈点阅读文章显著增长，须圈点阅读阅读理解阅读理解三、三、 做题顺序做题顺序【这是读文章的重点，也是难点，一定多多练习这是读文章的重点，也是难点，一定多多练习】1.1.扫描题干，确定题型，划出关键信息词。扫描题干，确定题型，划出关键信息词。2.2.扫描文章，划出以下内容。扫描文章，划出以下内容。【阅读文章的主要目的：抓框架，抓考点阅读文章的主要目的：抓框架，抓考点】(1)(1)首段、各段首句、末段末句首段、各段首句、末段末句(2)(2)与题干信息词相关内容与题干信息词相关内容(3)(3)因果关系因果关系(because,thus,therefore(because,thus,therefore等等) )(4)(4)转折关系转折关系 (but,however,yet)(but,however,yet)(5)(5)强调信息：强调信息： 1)1)绝对词汇绝对词汇2)2)比较级最高级比较级最高级3)3)强调句强调句4)4)强信息词强信息词(6)(6)并列并列/ /列举：扫过标记列举：扫过标记 (7)(7)举例：扫过，知目的举例：扫过，知目的(8)(8)指示性的具体信息：指示性的具体信息： 1)1)时间对比时间对比2)2)专有名词专有名词3)3)数字数字3.3.再次阅读题目，联系文章，解决简单题目。再次阅读题目，联系文章，解决简单题目。4.4.对于难以确定的题目，再次回原文反复的看相关的信息点。对于难以确定的题目，再次回原文反复的看相关的信息点。阅读理解阅读理解四四、 题型与信息词题型与信息词1.1.主旨题：询问主旨主旨题：询问主旨无需信息词无需信息词; ;放于最后答题放于最后答题; ;考必得考必得2.2.词汇题：询问词汇、短语或句子含义词汇题：询问词汇、短语或句子含义询问内容为信息词询问内容为信息词; ;考必得考必得3.3.细节题：询问文中具体细节细节题：询问文中具体细节信息词不确定信息词不确定4.4.态度题：询问作者或他人对某物的态度态度题：询问作者或他人对某物的态度一般无信息词一般无信息词; ;考必得考必得5.5.推断题：对段落或全文进行推理推断题：对段落或全文进行推理信息词不确定信息词不确定五五、 阅读思想阅读思想1 1、答对题目和读懂文章是两个概念、答对题目和读懂文章是两个概念2 2、圈点核心是把握文章框架、圈点核心是把握文章框架3 3、句子的作用在于这个句子与上下句子的关系、句子的作用在于这个句子与上下句子的关系4 4、段落的作用在于这个段落与上下段的关系、段落的作用在于这个段落与上下段的关系anelectronicdictionaryisitsconvenience.Wheneveryoumeetanelectronicdictionaryisitsconvenience.Wheneveryoumeetnewwordsorexpressions,youcanknowthemeaningquickly.newwordsorexpressions,youcanknowthemeaningquickly.withthescienceandtechnology,electronicdictionariesarebecomingwiththescienceandtechnology,electronicdictionariesarebecomingmoreandmoreadvanced:theycanpronouncethewordsclearly,moreandmoreadvanced:theycanpronouncethewordsclearly,providesamplesentencestoillustratewordusageandstoredifficultprovidesamplesentencestoillustratewordusageandstoredifficultwordsforspecialmemorization.wordsforspecialmemorization.electronicdictionariesarebecomingcheaperandcheaper,andmoreelectronicdictionariesarebecomingcheaperandcheaper,andmoreandmorestudentscanaffordthemandmorestudentscanaffordthemsomestudentsrelytoomuchontheelectronicdictionarytheyneversomestudentsrelytoomuchontheelectronicdictionarytheyneverputtheirheartintolearningnewwordsandexpressions.puttheirheartintolearningnewwordsandexpressions.someexplanationsareneithercompletenoraccurate,whicharequitesomeexplanationsareneithercompletenoraccurate,whicharequitemisleading.misleading.newtechnicalinventionsdonotnecessarilyleadtoprogressinlearning.newtechnicalinventionsdonotnecessarilyleadtoprogressinlearning.Diligenceisalwaysthedecisivefactor,because“thereisnoroyalroadDiligenceisalwaysthedecisivefactor,because“thereisnoroyalroadtotolearniglearnig. . 不开心不开心 ： sadsad 沮丧的、失意的：沮丧的、失意的：frustrated,discouraged,depressed,low-spiritedfrustrated,discouraged,depressed,low-spirited尽力做：尽力做：tryto,workhardtryto,workhard努力做，尽力做：努力做，尽力做：attemptto,makeeffortsto,endeavorto,attemptto,makeeffortsto,endeavorto,managetomanageto渴望渴望：desiredesire志气，抱负，渴望志气，抱负，渴望:aspiration,ambition,thirst:aspiration,ambition,thirst进步：进步：progressprogress进步，成就，成绩：进步，成就，成绩：achievement,accomplishment,featachievement,accomplishment,feat 禁止禁止 ： preventprevent 禁止：禁止：ban,disallow,prohibit,forbidban,disallow,prohibit,forbid除除还有：还有：besidesbesides除除外：外：apartfrom,inadditionto,alongwithapartfrom,inadditionto,alongwith翻译练习翻译练习1.Despitealltheadvantages,_(1.Despitealltheadvantages,_(计算机绝对不能替代人脑计算机绝对不能替代人脑). ).computerscannevertaketheplaceofhumanbrainscomputerscannevertaketheplaceofhumanbrains2.Internetsecurity2.Internetsecurity _(_(正受到越来越多人的质疑正受到越来越多人的质疑). ).isnowbeingquestionedbymoreandmorepeopleisnowbeingquestionedbymoreandmorepeople3._(3._(人们普遍认为人们普遍认为)thatlanguageisdevelopingandchangingallthetime.)thatlanguageisdevelopingandchangingallthetime.ItiswidelybelievedItiswidelybelieved4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthat_(4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthat_(计算机和因特网已计算机和因特网已 经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分). ).computersandInternethavebecomeanindispensablepartofoursocietycomputersandInternethavebecomeanindispensablepartofoursociety5.Mary_(5.Mary_(太骄傲了太骄傲了, ,以至于看不到自己的缺点以至于看不到自己的缺点). ).istooproudtoseeherownshortcomingsistooproudtoseeherownshortcomingsItisassertedthatItisassertedthat有人主张有人主张 ItisbelievedthatItisbelievedthat有人认为有人认为ItisgenerallyconsideredthatItisgenerallyconsideredthat大家大家( (一般人一般人) )认为认为ItiswellknownthatItiswellknownthat大家知道大家知道( (众所周知众所周知)ItwillbesaidItwillbesaid有人会说有人会说ItwastoldthatItwastoldthat有人曾经说有人曾经说ItishopedthatItishopedthat希望希望ItisreportedthatItisreportedthat据报道据报道ItissaidthatItissaidthat据说据说ItissupposedthatItissupposedthat据推测据推测ItmustbeadmittedthatItmustbeadmittedthat必须承认必须承认ItmustbepointedoutthatItmustbepointedoutthat必须指出必须指出ItwillbeseenfromthisthatItwillbeseenfromthisthat由此可见由此可见ItmaybesaidwithoutfearofexaggerationthatItmaybesaidwithoutfearofexaggerationthat可以毫不夸张地说可以毫不夸张地说阅读理解技巧阅读理解技巧二、释义题二、释义题( (一一) )答题核心答题核心答题关键一：表面含义选项常为干扰项。答题关键一：表面含义选项常为干扰项。答题关键二：采用三句定位法：上一句，所在句，和下一句答题关键二：采用三句定位法：上一句，所在句，和下一句; ;同时同时关注暗示词关注暗示词; ;三句定位的关键是要判断所考察短语与三句中某部分三句定位的关键是要判断所考察短语与三句中某部分的关系。的关系。( (二二) )题型分析题型分析考纲内词汇：考纲内词汇： 考察词汇在特定上下文中选取特定含义的能力考察词汇在特定上下文中选取特定含义的能力考纲外词汇：考纲外词汇： 考察根据上下文推断生词含义的能力考察根据上下文推断生词含义的能力陌生短语：陌生短语： 考察根据上下文理解推断短语在特定上下文中含义的考察根据上下文理解推断短语在特定上下文中含义的 能力能力句子：句子： 考察根据上下文推断句子含义的能力考察根据上下文推断句子含义的能力( (三三) )同义关系同义关系同义关系指考察对象与上下文中的某部分含义一致。此时，可直接同义关系指考察对象与上下文中的某部分含义一致。此时，可直接将上下文中含义一致的部分作为考察对象的含义答题即可。将上下文中含义一致的部分作为考察对象的含义答题即可。例如，假如文章中提到例如，假如文章中提到“ “AandB”AandB”考察对象为考察对象为A A，而，而B B短语已知，短语已知，A A的含义就是的含义就是B B短语的含义短语的含义关键词有：关键词有：inotherword,and,also,thatis;inotherword,and,also,thatis;xxx(xxx(名词名词)+)+定语从句定语从句; ;xxx(xxx(名词名词)+be+)+be+名词或者从句名词或者从句; ;xxx(xxx(名词名词)+)+同位语同位语;xxx(;xxx(名词名词)+becalled/mean)+becalled/mean( (四四) )反义关系反义关系反义关系指考察对象与上下文中某部分的含义相反。此时，可直接反义关系指考察对象与上下文中某部分的含义相反。此时，可直接将上下文中含义的相反部分作为考察对象的含义答题即可将上下文中含义的相反部分作为考察对象的含义答题即可关键词：关键词：but,not,yet,however,although,though,whilebut,not,yet,however,although,though,while 三、细节题三、细节题( (一一) )综述综述阅读理解题目中的重量级选手。占的比重对大，最少一篇文章考查阅读理解题目中的重量级选手。占的比重对大，最少一篇文章考查3 3个，最多考查个，最多考查5 5个。个。( (二二) )答题方法：正确选项答题方法：正确选项(1)(1)同义改写同义改写词汇转换，含义相同词汇转换，含义相同(2)(2)同义转述同义转述含义不同，本质相同但是都必须符合原文对等原则含义不同，本质相同但是都必须符合原文对等原则( (二二) )答题方法：答题方法：干扰项干扰项(1)(1)无中生有无中生有(2)(2)偷梁换柱偷梁换柱(3)(3)自相矛盾自相矛盾(4)(4)过于绝对过于绝对第一、二种是出题人常常采用的方法，尤其以第二种最难，对于干第一、二种是出题人常常采用的方法，尤其以第二种最难，对于干扰项，一定要掌握扰项，一定要掌握“ “像像” ”这个特征，这是核心。这个特征，这是核心。( (三三) )关键信息词定位：同义、同形、混合定位。关键信息词定位：同义、同形、混合定位。事例如下：事例如下：00.100.1广告广告第三题：第三题：Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized_.Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized_.题干关键词：题干关键词：emphasized-emphasized-文中文中stressstressItstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesternItstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.traintripsaswonderfuladventures.答案：答案：TheadventurousaspectsoftraintripsTheadventurousaspectsoftraintrips01.101.1饮料瓶饮料瓶第一题：第一题：WhatregulationwasissuedbyNewYorkStateconcerningbeveragecontainers?WhatregulationwasissuedbyNewYorkStateconcerningbeveragecontainers?定位关键句：定位关键句：NewYorkStateorderedstorestochargeadepositonbeverageNewYorkStateorderedstorestochargeadepositonbeveragecontainers.containers.答案：答案：ConsumershadtopayforbeveragecontainersandcouldgettheirConsumershadtopayforbeveragecontainersandcouldgettheirmoneybackonreturningthem.moneybackonreturningthem. ( (四四) )绝对词出现的处理方式绝对词出现的处理方式(1)(1)文章中：作为重点信息标记出。文章中：作为重点信息标记出。(2)(2)题干中：作为关键信息词标出。题干中：作为关键信息词标出。(3)(3)选项中：一般作为干扰选项出现选项中：一般作为干扰选项出现; ;只有与文章一致方为正确选项。只有与文章一致方为正确选项。绝对词：绝对词：must,always,never,themost,all,no,each,only,haveto,any(must,always,never,themost,all,no,each,only,haveto,any(任何任何),none,),none,entirely,completely,totally,hardly,every,rarely,seldomentirely,completely,totally,hardly,every,rarely,seldom不肯定语气词不肯定语气词( (作标记作标记) )：can,could,may,might,should,some,usually,might,most,often,moreorless,can,could,may,might,should,some,usually,might,most,often,moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,possible,possibly,perhaps,maybe,tosomedegree,relatively,belikelyto,possible,possibly,perhaps,maybe,tosomedegree,seemseem做做 ： dodo开展、实施、做：开展、实施、做：practice,carryout,conduct,performpractice,carryout,conduct,perform强调：强调：emphasizeemphasize强调、突出：强调、突出：lay/placeemphasison,attachemphasisto,lay/placeemphasison,attachemphasisto,stresson,highlightstresson,highlight完成完成：finishfinish实现、完成实现、完成:achieve,accomplish,:achieve,accomplish,fufillfufill,complete,complete好的：好的：goodgood优秀的：优秀的：outstanding,perfect,brilliant,remarkable,outstanding,perfect,brilliant,remarkable,distinguished,excellentdistinguished,excellent把把看做，当做看做，当做 ： seeasseeas把把看做，当做看做，当做 ：regardas,consideras,lookonas,regardas,consideras,lookonas,treatas,viewastreatas,viewas重视：重视：haveahighopinionofhaveahighopinionof珍爱，珍惜，重视：珍爱，珍惜，重视：cherish,treasure,valuecherish,treasure,value完型填空答题技巧完型填空答题技巧一、通读全文，摸清大意一、通读全文，摸清大意一般的讲，任何文章都有中心议题。根据首句给予的启示，一般的讲，任何文章都有中心议题。根据首句给予的启示，借助文中所传达的信息，运用自己的逻辑思维能力，快速借助文中所传达的信息，运用自己的逻辑思维能力，快速地从头至尾浏览一遍全文，以便对文章有个整体上的了解，地从头至尾浏览一遍全文，以便对文章有个整体上的了解，这是作完型填空的第一步。然后再仔细阅读文章，运用其这是作完型填空的第一步。然后再仔细阅读文章，运用其他的填空技巧，选择出正确的答案。他的填空技巧，选择出正确的答案。 二、抓住主旨，初选试填二、抓住主旨，初选试填答题时，首先必须遵循的原则是，从全文大意、主旨出发，答题时，首先必须遵循的原则是，从全文大意、主旨出发，联系上下文展开逻辑思考并充分依靠自己平时所积累的英语联系上下文展开逻辑思考并充分依靠自己平时所积累的英语语言知识，根据文中语义、语法、逻辑和固定搭配上的需要语言知识，根据文中语义、语法、逻辑和固定搭配上的需要来推测应该填什么词。如自己考虑的答案与四个选项中的一来推测应该填什么词。如自己考虑的答案与四个选项中的一个相仿，则该答案正确的可能性较大。当然，对其他的三个个相仿，则该答案正确的可能性较大。当然，对其他的三个选项也应根据上文作综合分析。选项也应根据上文作综合分析。 三、固定搭配，兼顾语法三、固定搭配，兼顾语法答题时除了运用熟记的词汇、习语、固定搭配、习惯用法答题时除了运用熟记的词汇、习语、固定搭配、习惯用法外，还应该考虑语法结构、时态、语态、名词的单复数、外，还应该考虑语法结构、时态、语态、名词的单复数、动词的第三人称单数、形容词和副词的比较级、冠词、介动词的第三人称单数、形容词和副词的比较级、冠词、介词、代词及各类非谓语形式和从句。词、代词及各类非谓语形式和从句。 答题时，也可以采用答题时，也可以采用排除法逐一排除干扰项，剔除在语法或内容上明显不正确排除法逐一排除干扰项，剔除在语法或内容上明显不正确的答案。同时，还要把握准文章的内容，注意文章所用的的答案。同时，还要把握准文章的内容，注意文章所用的语气、因果、条件、让步、转折等各种关系。语气、因果、条件、让步、转折等各种关系。 四、理清脉络，上下文推断四、理清脉络，上下文推断通读了全文，掌握了文章的主要信息之后，如果面对一个句通读了全文，掌握了文章的主要信息之后，如果面对一个句子，从语法角度难以确定合适的答案时，那么，可以根据上子，从语法角度难以确定合适的答案时，那么，可以根据上下文所提供的语义信息，正确领会其意思，理清整篇文章的下文所提供的语义信息，正确领会其意思，理清整篇文章的脉络，运用自己已有的知识，借助后面出现的事实来指导和脉络，运用自己已有的知识，借助后面出现的事实来指导和证实自己的选择是否符合逻辑。证实自己的选择是否符合逻辑。 五、运用常识，联想判断五、运用常识，联想判断答题时，除了语言知识以外，又会涉及到某个学科，某个答题时，除了语言知识以外，又会涉及到某个学科，某个领域以及其它的背景知识，这就要求我们运用必要的综合领域以及其它的背景知识，这就要求我们运用必要的综合知识和生活经验常识，从而才能判断出选择项的正确与否。知识和生活经验常识，从而才能判断出选择项的正确与否。 六、再阅全文，进行复核六、再阅全文，进行复核填完所有的答案，把文章连同所选答案再细读一遍，目的是填完所有的答案，把文章连同所选答案再细读一遍，目的是检查填空后的文章是否完整合理，语言是否流畅，语法、语检查填空后的文章是否完整合理，语言是否流畅，语法、语义是否正确。进行复核最好放在做完其他试题之后，因为隔义是否正确。进行复核最好放在做完其他试题之后，因为隔了一段时间之后再阅读全文，整个思路将会从全新的角度来了一段时间之后再阅读全文，整个思路将会从全新的角度来审视一切，这有助于提高答题的正确性。审视一切，这有助于提高答题的正确性。thatthat和和whichwhich都可以引导定语从句，但在以下情况下只能用都可以引导定语从句，但在以下情况下只能用thatthat引导：引导：1.先行词为all, little, something, any many anything, nothing时；2.先行词被all, the same, the only, few, much, some, any, no修饰时；3.当先行词既有人又有物时；4.当先行词被最高级或表示次序的词修饰时。非限制性定语从句只能由which, who, whose, when, where, as引导。PrivateCarsPrivateCars1. 1.越来越重要，看法不同；越来越重要，看法不同；2.Advantage2.Advantage：促进经济；促进经济；免挤公交；免挤公交；自驾游自驾游3.Disadvantage:3.Disadvantage:经济条件不足；经济条件不足；污染环境；污染环境；交通环境不成熟交通环境不成熟4. 4.结论：利大于弊结论：利大于弊 thedevelopmentofprivatecarswillcontributealottonationalthedevelopmentofprivatecarswillcontributealottonationaleconomyasawholeeconomyasawholeforindividualswhoownaprivatecar,theywillnolongerhavetowaitforindividualswhoownaprivatecar,theywillnolongerhavetowaitforthecrowdedbusforthecrowdedbuspeoplecangosightseeingtoneighboringscenicspotsonweekendsinpeoplecangosightseeingtoneighboringscenicspotsonweekendsintheirowncars.theirowncars.thegenerallivingstandardisstillquitelow,sothetimeisnotyetripetothegenerallivingstandardisstillquitelow,sothetimeisnotyetripetodevelopprivatecarsatpresentdevelopprivatecarsatpresentlargenumbersofprivatecarswillpollutetheenvironmentlargenumbersofprivatecarswillpollutetheenvironmentthedevelopmentofprivatecarshastobeinaccordancewiththethedevelopmentofprivatecarshastobeinaccordancewiththefundamentalimprovementoftransportation.Iftheroadisalwaysfundamentalimprovementoftransportation.Iftheroadisalwaysjammed,howcanweenjoythepleasureofdriving?jammed,howcanweenjoythepleasureofdriving?完全的：完全的： completecomplete全面的，彻底的：全面的，彻底的：sheer,utter,thoroughsheer,utter,thorough注定：注定：itisdecideditisdecided注定：注定：bedoomedto,bedestinedtobedoomedto,bedestinedto起作用起作用：workwork起作用起作用:playarole/part,perform,function,serve:playarole/part,perform,function,serve解释：解释：explainexplain解释：解释：accountfor,illustrate,clarifyaccountfor,illustrate,clarify证明：证明： proveprove证实，证明：证实，证明：testify,confirm,verify,turnouttestify,confirm,verify,turnout遇到：遇到：meetmeet碰到，遇到：碰到，遇到：comeacross,meetwith,encounter,confrontcomeacross,meetwith,encounter,confront语法语法- -非谓语动词非谓语动词一、现在分词一、现在分词1. 1.作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。Hewasntaskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,_.Hewasntaskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,_.( (人们认为他人缘不够广）人们认为他人缘不够广） beingconsideredinsufficientlypopularwithallmembersbeingconsideredinsufficientlypopularwithallmembers2. 2.现在分词短语作宾补现在分词短语作宾补主要出现在感官动词、使役动词之后。主要出现在感官动词、使役动词之后。feel,hear,observe,perceive,see,smell,watch,listento,lookatfeel,hear,observe,perceive,see,smell,watch,listento,lookatget,have,bring,keep,leave,send,set,startget,have,bring,keep,leave,send,set,startHisremarksleftme_(Hisremarksleftme_(想知道他的真实目的想知道他的真实目的). ).wonderingabouthisrealpurposewonderingabouthisrealpurpose3. 3.现在分词的复合结构现在分词的复合结构形式：名词形式：名词/ /代词代词+ +分词分词_(_(演讲发表之后演讲发表之后),alivelydiscussionstarted.),alivelydiscussionstarted.ThespeechhavingbeendeliveredThespeechhavingbeendelivered语法语法- -非谓语动词非谓语动词二、动名词二、动名词1. 1.动名词作动词宾语动名词作动词宾语abandon,admit,advice,advocate,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,complete,abandon,admit,advice,advocate,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,complete,consider,delay,deny,deserve,discuss,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,consider,delay,deny,deserve,discuss,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,favor,finish,forgive,imagine,include,involve,keep,mention,mind,miss,favor,finish,forgive,imagine,include,involve,keep,mention,mind,miss,pardon,postpone,practice,quit,recall,recommend,resist,risk,save,suggest,pardon,postpone,practice,quit,recall,recommend,resist,risk,save,suggest,tolerate,understandtolerate,understand2. 2.动名词作介词宾语动名词作介词宾语abandononeselfto,adhereto,stickto,clingto,admitto,confessto,contributeabandononeselfto,adhereto,stickto,clingto,admitto,confessto,contributeto,feelupto,getdownto,giveonesmindto,givewayto,yieldto,keepto,to,feelupto,getdownto,giveonesmindto,givewayto,yieldto,keepto,leadto,lookforwardto,objectto,taketo,bededicatedto,bedevotedto,leadto,lookforwardto,objectto,taketo,bededicatedto,bedevotedto,beopposedto,bereducedto,besubjectto,resortto,submittobeopposedto,bereducedto,besubjectto,resortto,submitto3. 3.动名词用在固定结构之后动名词用在固定结构之后bebusy/engaged(in),burstout,canthelp/stand/resist,feellike,giveup,bebusy/engaged(in),burstout,canthelp/stand/resist,feellike,giveup,haveagoodtime(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),keepfrom,leaveoff,haveagoodtime(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),keepfrom,leaveoff,looklike,putoff,spend/wastetime(in),Itsnouse/Theresnopoint(in)looklike,putoff,spend/wastetime(in),Itsnouse/Theresnopoint(in)语法语法- -非谓语动词非谓语动词二、动名词二、动名词4. 4.动名词的主动表被动动名词的主动表被动在在need,want,require,deserve,bearneed,want,require,deserve,bear等动词及等动词及beworthbeworth后面的动名词以主动形式后面的动名词以主动形式表被动意义。表被动意义。三、不定式三、不定式1. 1.不定式作动词宾语不定式作动词宾语afford,aim,appear,attempt,beg,choose,claim,dare,decide,deserve,desire,afford,aim,appear,attempt,beg,choose,claim,dare,decide,deserve,desire,determine,except,expect,happenhesitate,hope,learn,neglect,offer,prepare,determine,except,expect,happenhesitate,hope,learn,neglect,offer,prepare,pretend,proceed,promise,resolve,seek,seem,threatenvolunteer,wishpretend,proceed,promise,resolve,seek,seem,threatenvolunteer,wish2. 2.不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语不定式符号不定式符号 to to在感官动词，使役动词的宾语后可以省略在感官动词，使役动词的宾语后可以省略3. 3.不定式用于不定式用于but,exceptbut,except之后之后既可接动名词，又可接不定式的动词既可接动名词，又可接不定式的动词begin,cease,continue,dread,forget,hate,intend,learn,like,dislike,omit,begin,cease,continue,dread,forget,hate,intend,learn,like,dislike,omit,prefer,regret,remember,need,neglect,start,stop,tryprefer,regret,remember,need,neglect,start,stop,trybehereontimebehereontimenotbestartednotbestartedallthesefiguresbecheckedtwiceallthesefiguresbecheckedtwiceaspecialcommitteebesetupaspecialcommitteebesetupHavinglostover50,000soldiersHavinglostover50,000soldiersDissatisfiedwiththepictureDissatisfiedwiththepictureincaseIneededmedicaltreatmentincaseIneededmedicaltreatmentbeingbothwind-resistantandadaptedtobeingbothwind-resistantandadaptedtocheatingmecheatingmeweretheonebeingcorrectedweretheonebeingcorrectedthereobviouslybeingnopointinstayingthereobviouslybeingnopointinstayingOtherthingsbeingequalOtherthingsbeingequalproductionhavinggoneupsteadilyproductionhavinggoneupsteadilygirlsaswellasboysbeingencouragedtogotoschoolgirlsaswellasboysbeingencouragedtogotoschoolthetemperaturefallingrapidlythetemperaturefallingrapidly翻译练习翻译练习1. 1.Herfirstperformancefortheamateurdramaticgroupwasasuccess,Herfirstperformancefortheamateurdramaticgroupwasasuccess,inspiteof_(inspiteof_(她以前从末表演过她以前从末表演过). ).herneverhavingactedbeforeherneverhavingactedbefore2.Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,_(2.Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,_(大气层也是大气层也是). ).soistheatmospheresoistheatmosphere3.Jennyhasjustarrived,but_(3.Jennyhasjustarrived,but_(直到昨天我才知道她来直到昨天我才知道她来). ).IdidntknowshewascominguntilyesterdayIdidntknowshewascominguntilyesterday4.Thesmallmountainvillage_(4.Thesmallmountainvillage_(被大雪封住达一个多月被大雪封住达一个多月). ).wascutoffbythesnowformorethanonemonthwascutoffbythesnowformorethanonemonth5.Loudspeakerswerefixedinthehall_(5.Loudspeakerswerefixedinthehall_(以便每个人都有以便每个人都有机会听到讲座机会听到讲座). ).sothateveryonemayhaveanopportunitytohearthespeechsothateveryonemayhaveanopportunitytohearthespeech事实细节题&推理判断题的10种命题规律1. 1.例子常考例子常考提问细节时对号入座就可以了，提问目的时要结合段落的产题来回答。提问细节时对号入座就可以了，提问目的时要结合段落的产题来回答。2. 2.引文常考引文常考提问一般会针对引文的意思、目的、立场或作者对引文的态度。提问一般会针对引文的意思、目的、立场或作者对引文的态度。3. 3.转折处常考转折处常考转折一般指由转折一般指由however,but,infact,nevertheless,nonetheless,yethowever,but,infact,nevertheless,nonetheless,yet等引导的句等引导的句子，这些词前面的内容一般只是起铺垫的作用，后面才是语义和信息的焦点子，这些词前面的内容一般只是起铺垫的作用，后面才是语义和信息的焦点所在，也是答案所在。由所在，也是答案所在。由thoughthough或或althoughalthough引导的让步状语从句，焦点同样引导的让步状语从句，焦点同样是主句。是主句。4. 4.对比处常考对比处常考对比处常见的标志是：对比处常见的标志是：in/bycontrast(with),inopposition(to),onthein/bycontrast(with),inopposition(to),onthecontrary,notbut,ratherthan,while,ontheotherhandcontrary,notbut,ratherthan,while,ontheotherhand。这些地方涉及。这些地方涉及到两种事物、观点、情况等到的对比，有的还体现出作者的态度和观点。到两种事物、观点、情况等到的对比，有的还体现出作者的态度和观点。5. 5.因果关系常考因果关系常考连词：连词：because,since,for,as,so,therefore,consequently,asaresultbecause,since,for,as,so,therefore,consequently,asaresult等等动词呀动词词组：动词呀动词词组：cause,resultin,resultfrom,oweto,attributeto,originatecause,resultin,resultfrom,oweto,attributeto,originatefrom,arisefromfrom,arisefrom等等名词：名词：basis,cause,result,consequencebasis,cause,result,consequence等等6. 6.从句常考从句常考特别要注意定语从句和同位语从句。特别要注意定语从句和同位语从句。7. 7.分词结构常考分词结构常考8. 8.特殊标点符号处常考特殊标点符号处常考破折号：解释说明或补充，常考细节性问题。破折号：解释说明或补充，常考细节性问题。引号：引用，强调或讽刺，常考细节、语义或态度性问题。引号：引用，强调或讽刺，常考细节、语义或态度性问题。冒号：解释，常驻机构考细节性问题。冒号：解释，常驻机构考细节性问题。括号：解释，常考细节性问题。括号：解释，常考细节性问题。9. 9.最高级常考最高级常考First,last,most,leastFirst,last,most,least等词表示最高级，意义绝对，答案唯一。等词表示最高级，意义绝对，答案唯一。10.First/Firstlysecond/secondlyFinally10.First/Firstlysecond/secondlyFinally等并列关系词出等并列关系词出现的地方常考。现的地方常考。1. 1. 1. 1. Hisshoesarecheap,Hisshoesarecheap,Hisshoesarecheap,Hisshoesarecheap,sosososoishissuitcase.ishissuitcase.ishissuitcase.ishissuitcase.Heplaysgolfwell,Heplaysgolfwell,Heplaysgolfwell,Heplaysgolfwell,sosososodoeshisbrother.doeshisbrother.doeshisbrother.doeshisbrother.SoSoSoSo+auxiliaryverb+subject+auxiliaryverb+subject+auxiliaryverb+subject+auxiliaryverb+subject adding adding adding adding new information new information new information new informationC Co om mp pa ar re e t th he e f fo ol ll lo ow wi in ng g g gr ro ou up ps s o of f s se en nt te en nc ce es s: :C Co om mp pa ar re e t th he e f fo ol ll lo ow wi in ng g g gr ro ou up ps s o of f s se en nt te en nc ce es s: :More to learnMore to learn2. 2. 2. 2. IsaidIwouldcome,andIsaidIwouldcome,andIsaidIwouldcome,andIsaidIwouldcome,andsosososoIwill.Iwill.Iwill.Iwill.Youhaveforgottenyourhat.Youhaveforgottenyourhat.Youhaveforgottenyourhat.Youhaveforgottenyourhat.Ah,yes,Ah,yes,Ah,yes,Ah,yes,sosososoIhave.Ihave.Ihave.Ihave.SoSoSoSo+subject+auxiliaryverb+subject+auxiliaryverb+subject+auxiliaryverb+subject+auxiliaryverb expressing agreementexpressing agreementexpressing agreementexpressing agreementC Co om mp pa ar re e t th he e f fo ol ll lo ow wi in ng g g gr ro ou up ps s o of f s se en nt te en nc ce es s: :C Co om mp pa ar re e t th he e f fo ol ll lo ow wi in ng g g gr ro ou up ps s o of f s se en nt te en nc ce es s: :More to doMore to doDrillsDrillsDrillsDrills1. 1. 1. 1. Ihearyouhadaquarrelwithyourparentsyesterday.Ihearyouhadaquarrelwithyourparentsyesterday.Ihearyouhadaquarrelwithyourparentsyesterday.Ihearyouhadaquarrelwithyourparentsyesterday._（ 的确如此的确如此的确如此的确如此 ）,butithasbeenmadeupalready.,butithasbeenmadeupalready.,butithasbeenmadeupalready.,butithasbeenmadeupalready.2. 2. 2. 2. Intheend,Idecidedtoapplytomedicalschool,andIntheend,Idecidedtoapplytomedicalschool,andIntheend,Idecidedtoapplytomedicalschool,andIntheend,Idecidedtoapplytomedicalschool,and_（我兄弟也申请读医我兄弟也申请读医我兄弟也申请读医我兄弟也申请读医）. . . .3. 3. 3. 3. Sherecallsherfatherinthisarticleinanemotionalway.Sherecallsherfatherinthisarticleinanemotionalway.Sherecallsherfatherinthisarticleinanemotionalway.Sherecallsherfatherinthisarticleinanemotionalway. _（的确是这样的确是这样的确是这样的确是这样）.Theresalotoffeelinginit.Theresalotoffeelinginit.Theresalotoffeelinginit.Theresalotoffeelinginit.SoIdidSoIdidSoIdidSoIdidSodidmybrotherSodidmybrotherSodidmybrotherSodidmybrotherSoshedoesSoshedoesSoshedoesSoshedoesthere being a chancethere being a lecture the following daymeeting you for the first timehad remembered to close the windowescape being finedto have been robbedto have sent rockets to the moonhaving been canceled because of the stormeven though they have no schedules to keepas you were the day when I first met youas she had promised usof whom up to half will be from overseasthe result of which was surprisingto which a price change will affect supply and demandIn whom everyone has confidenceas he likes heror forced to eathad bothered/interruptedafter some progress had been madehad hoped to it had been necessaryis often a very time-consuming jobis to attend the conferenceis planning a conferencehad I felt/realizeddid he arrive atmay we use the telephone in the officehad the plane landedshe to leave right nowsing even/still bettera lot more of usmuch an art as it is a sciencenot so much a writer still less ofcant have seen hermay as well stay at homeshouldnt have gone to the cinemamust have studied very hardneednt have doneand we could have caught the last train翻译练习翻译练习1.Theworkerofthisfactoryhadtohavetwodaysholiday_(1.Theworkerofthisfactoryhadtohavetwodaysholiday_(由于由于发动机出现故障发动机出现故障). ).becauseofthebreakdownoftheenginebecauseofthebreakdownoftheengine2._(2._(正如不懂失败的人根本不懂成功一样正如不懂失败的人根本不懂成功一样),apersonwho),apersonwhohasnotexperiencedsufferingorsadnessneverknowswhathappinesshasnotexperiencedsufferingorsadnessneverknowswhathappinessmeans.means.JustasapersonwhodoesnotknowfailureneverknowssuccessJustasapersonwhodoesnotknowfailureneverknowssuccess3.Trafficaccidentsoccurwithalarmingfrequency,_(3.Trafficaccidentsoccurwithalarmingfrequency,_(造成国家财造成国家财产和生命的巨大损失产和生命的巨大损失). ).resultinginheavylossesofbothlivesandstatepropertyresultinginheavylossesofbothlivesandstateproperty4._(4._(要是我来做这件事要是我来做这件事),Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.),Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.IfIweretodoitIfIweretodoit5._(5._(不是因为我不想帮你不是因为我不想帮你);itsjustthatIdonthavethetime.);itsjustthatIdonthavethetime.ItsnotthatIdontwanttohelpyouItsnotthatIdontwanttohelpyou完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧1. 1.词义辨析题词义辨析题对实义词的辨析，四个选项或词形相似，或词义相近。对实义词的辨析，四个选项或词形相似，或词义相近。结合上下文提供的信息，分辨选项之间的细微差异。结合上下文提供的信息，分辨选项之间的细微差异。1 1）通过判断句中的逻辑关系确定答案。）通过判断句中的逻辑关系确定答案。主要通过连接词判断逻辑关系，如：表并列关系的连接词（主要通过连接词判断逻辑关系，如：表并列关系的连接词（andand和和oror等）的前后应为语法和意义相同的词；表转折关系的连接等）的前后应为语法和意义相同的词；表转折关系的连接词（词（butbut和和howeverhowever等）前后应为反义或意思相对的词；等）前后应为反义或意思相对的词；2 2）通过常识或结合生活中的习惯思维或说法来确定答案。）通过常识或结合生活中的习惯思维或说法来确定答案。如对如对于于“ “竞争竞争” ”，我们习惯通常会谈到，我们习惯通常会谈到“ “激烈的竞争激烈的竞争” ”，英语中也有，英语中也有相相对应的表达对应的表达fiercecompetition;fiercecompetition;3 3）养成看英文释义的习惯。）养成看英文释义的习惯。完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧2. 2.惯用搭配题惯用搭配题主要考查动词与介词的搭配，也包括名词、形容词与介词的搭主要考查动词与介词的搭配，也包括名词、形容词与介词的搭配，动词和名词的搭配，以及一些习惯短语的搭配等。配，动词和名词的搭配，以及一些习惯短语的搭配等。完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧3. 3.语法题语法题1 1）句法的搭配：如名词需要形容词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、词组）句法的搭配：如名词需要形容词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、词组及定语从句修饰；动词需要副词修饰；及物动词后应加宾语等；及定语从句修饰；动词需要副词修饰；及物动词后应加宾语等；2 2）从句：主要涉及定语从句和状语从句，考查的形式主要是连接词的）从句：主要涉及定语从句和状语从句，考查的形式主要是连接词的选择以及从句的判断；选择以及从句的判断；3 3）非谓语动词：包括对动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词充）非谓语动词：包括对动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词充当不同句子成分的考查；当不同句子成分的考查；4 4）主谓搭配一致：包括人称、数、时态、语态、语气等的一致；）主谓搭配一致：包括人称、数、时态、语态、语气等的一致；5 5）句型或句式结构：包括区别简单句、并列句和复合句，对称结构或）句型或句式结构：包括区别简单句、并列句和复合句，对称结构或省略、倒装，及其相关连接词的选择等。省略、倒装，及其相关连接词的选择等。完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧4. 4.逻辑衔接题逻辑衔接题最复杂的题型，往往和其他三种题型融合在一起最复杂的题型，往往和其他三种题型融合在一起空格所在的句子通常与上下文构成指代、补充、列举、递进、空格所在的句子通常与上下文构成指代、补充、列举、递进、转折、因果、比较、对比、让步等逻辑关系。转折、因果、比较、对比、让步等逻辑关系。1 1）表并列：）表并列：and,orand,or等；等；2 2）表让步或转折：）表让步或转折：although,but,furthermore,however,though,although,but,furthermore,however,though,nevertheless,nonetheless,yet,still,inspiteof,inanycasenevertheless,nonetheless,yet,still,inspiteof,inanycase等；等；3 3）表原因：）表原因：because,since,as,nowthatbecause,since,as,nowthat等；等；4 4）表结果：）表结果：asaresult,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,asaresult,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequentlyconsequently等；等；完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧5 5）表对照：）表对照：bycontrast,incomparison,tothecontrary,onthebycontrast,incomparison,tothecontrary,onthecontrary,incontrast,bycomparisoncontrary,incontrast,bycomparison等；等；6 6）表条件：）表条件：incase,if,unless,so/aslongas,sofaras,onconditionincase,if,unless,so/aslongas,sofaras,oncondition(that),provided(that),giventhat(that),provided(that),giventhat等；等；7 7）表补充和递进：）表补充和递进：also,further,furthermore,likewise,moreover,also,further,furthermore,likewise,moreover,inaddition,too,either,neither,notbut,inaddition,too,either,neither,notbut,notonlybutalsonotonlybutalso等。等。简答题简答题一、评分标准：一、评分标准：1. 1.回答不全面扣分；回答不全面扣分；2. 2.内容自相矛盾这处不得分；内容自相矛盾这处不得分；3. 3.照搬原文扣分，照抄一句扣照搬原文扣分，照抄一句扣0.50.5分，照抄两句及两句以上不得分；分，照抄两句及两句以上不得分；4. 4.答非所问扣分；答非所问扣分；5. 5.答案超过规定单词数目（通常答案超过规定单词数目（通常1010个单词）要扣分；个单词）要扣分；6. 6.回答里有语法错误扣分。回答里有语法错误扣分。二、解题步骤二、解题步骤1. 1.浏览题目浏览题目2. 2.针对性阅读针对性阅读3. 3.答题答题4. 4.检查检查简答题简答题二、解题技巧二、解题技巧1. 1.做简答题时，需由提问方式来确定答案形式。如题目以做简答题时，需由提问方式来确定答案形式。如题目以whatwhat来提来提 问，只能用名词或名词性短语、名词性从句来回答；若用问，只能用名词或名词性短语、名词性从句来回答；若用whywhy提提 问，一般用问，一般用becausebecause或或becauseofbecauseof回答；用回答；用howhow提问，则多用介词短语提问，则多用介词短语 来回答；来回答；2. 2.答案要做到简洁、准确、概括性强。因字数要求，可以缩写。尽可答案要做到简洁、准确、概括性强。因字数要求，可以缩写。尽可 能用词或短语代替句子，多用简单句，少用复合句；能用词或短语代替句子，多用简单句，少用复合句；3. 3.答题时还要注意主谓是否一致、时态与原文是否对应等，还要注意答题时还要注意主谓是否一致、时态与原文是否对应等，还要注意 标点符号以及大小写等问题。标点符号以及大小写等问题。翻译练习翻译练习1.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,thevastmajorityoftheworldspopulation1.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,thevastmajorityoftheworldspopulation_(_(将生活在城市而不是农村将生活在城市而不是农村). ).willbelivingincitiesratherthaninthecountrywillbelivingincitiesratherthaninthecountry2.ButtheSwissdiscoveredlongyearsagothat_(2.ButtheSwissdiscoveredlongyearsagothat_(连年不断连年不断的战争给他们带来的只有苦难和贫穷的战争给他们带来的只有苦难和贫穷). ).constantwarfarebroughtthemnothingbutsufferingandpovertyconstantwarfarebroughtthemnothingbutsufferingandpoverty3.Itisimperativethatthegovernment_(3.Itisimperativethatthegovernment_(为造船产业吸引更多的投资为造船产业吸引更多的投资). ).attractmoreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustryattractmoreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry4.Themeetingwasputoffbecause_(4.Themeetingwasputoffbecause_(我们拒绝在麦克不在我们拒绝在麦克不在的情况下开会的情况下开会). ).weobjectedtohavingameetingwithoutMikeweobjectedtohavingameetingwithoutMike5.Theboardbelieveditsurgentthat_(5.Theboardbelieveditsurgentthat_(这些文件应该立刻打印这些文件应该立刻打印). ).thesefilesshouldbeprintedrightawaythesefilesshouldbeprintedrightaway观点态度题的命题规律观点态度题的命题规律从篇章体裁着手从篇章体裁着手说明文：客观或中立说明文：客观或中立议论文：主旨句暗示作者的态度议论文：主旨句暗示作者的态度描述性文章：捕捉表达或暗示其情感态度的词、短语、或句子。描述性文章：捕捉表达或暗示其情感态度的词、短语、或句子。选项常用词：选项常用词：1. 1.褒义词褒义词:positive,enthusiastic,optimistic,concerned,sympathetic,:positive,enthusiastic,optimistic,concerned,sympathetic,supportive,cautious,approving,favorable,etc.supportive,cautious,approving,favorable,etc.2. 2.贬义词贬义词:doubtful,negative,indifferent,pessimistic,critical,cynical,:doubtful,negative,indifferent,pessimistic,critical,cynical,depressed,ironic,arbitrary,disappointed,contradictoryetc.depressed,ironic,arbitrary,disappointed,contradictoryetc.3. 3.中性词中性词:subjective,objective,neutral,matter-of-fact,personal,:subjective,objective,neutral,matter-of-fact,personal,impersonal,informative,descriptiveetc.impersonal,informative,descriptiveetc.forth memos laboring plotting confusion tremendous supereffective elusiveIf we quit doing all the things that dont lead directly to closure, well have a lot less working.No matter how long you gave it, the frog would keep jumping closer and closer,By definition it could only jump half the way, no matter how short that way became.翻译练习翻译练习1.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because_(1.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because_(你和我今天不会你和我今天不会 在任何问题上达成一致在任何问题上达成一致). ).neitheryounorIamgoingtoagreeuponanythingtodayneitheryounorIamgoingtoagreeuponanythingtoday2.Thoughbynomeansrich,_(2.Thoughbynomeansrich,_(但他目前的境况比以往任何时候都要好但他目前的境况比以往任何时候都要好). ).hewasbetteroffthanatanyotherperiodinhislifehewasbetteroffthanatanyotherperiodinhislife3._(3._(为造船产业吸引更多的投资为造船产业吸引更多的投资)thatyoubecomefullyconsciousof)thatyoubecomefullyconsciousofhowmuchyouvaluehim.howmuchyouvaluehim.ItisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeoneItisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone4.Haditnotbeenforthefactthathebrokehisleg,_(4.Haditnotbeenforthefactthathebrokehisleg,_(他可能就通过考试了他可能就通过考试了). ).hemighthavepassedtheexamhemighthavepassedtheexam5.Heisquitewornoutfromyeasofhardwork5.Heisquitewornoutfromyeasofhardwork _(_(他不是二十年前的他了他不是二十年前的他了). ).heisnotthemanthathewastwentyyearsagoheisnotthemanthathewastwentyyearsago快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧设题特征设题特征: :1. 1.大多数题目的题干中含有较为明显的线索词，可以根据线索词大多数题目的题干中含有较为明显的线索词，可以根据线索词快速确定答案出处在文中的位置。快速确定答案出处在文中的位置。2. 2.绝大部分题目的答案出处都在一段内的一句话中，较少有答案绝大部分题目的答案出处都在一段内的一句话中，较少有答案的确定需要结合两处信息才能进行判断的情况。的确定需要结合两处信息才能进行判断的情况。3. 3.题目的题干无照搬原文句子现象，都进行了一定程度的信息转题目的题干无照搬原文句子现象，都进行了一定程度的信息转换。换。4. 4.句子填空题的答案一般为文中原词，且一般为名词或名词性短句子填空题的答案一般为文中原词，且一般为名词或名词性短语。语。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧答题步骤答题步骤 : :第一步：浏览第一步：浏览Skim(0.5Skim(0.5分钟分钟 22分钟分钟 ) )1. 1.分析大标题（分析大标题（BrainstormtheTitleBrainstormtheTitle）（）（510510秒）秒） 目的：调动脑细胞，主动预测文章内容。目的：调动脑细胞，主动预测文章内容。SixSecretsofHigh-EnergyPeopleSixSecretsofHigh-EnergyPeople的分析思路：的分析思路：secretssecrets：多数人不知道，一定新颖有趣；：多数人不知道，一定新颖有趣；high-energypeoplehigh-energypeople只能是指精力充沛的人。只能是指精力充沛的人。文章要告诉我们，那些人为什么精力充沛，希望我们学习他们的秘诀。文章要告诉我们，那些人为什么精力充沛，希望我们学习他们的秘诀。HighwaysHighways的分析思路：的分析思路：为什么要修建公路？怎么修建？公路有哪些功能？存在哪些问题？为什么要修建公路？怎么修建？公路有哪些功能？存在哪些问题？一般说明文的写作结构都是如此：计划一般说明文的写作结构都是如此：计划 成形成形 功能功能 问题。问题。例如：联合国的起因例如：联合国的起因 联合国的成立联合国的成立 联合国的运作联合国的运作 联合国的问题。联合国的问题。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧答题步骤答题步骤 : :第一步：浏览第一步：浏览Skim(0.5Skim(0.5分钟分钟 22分钟分钟 ) )2. 2.分析小标题分析小标题 (TidytheSubtitles(TidytheSubtitles）(2025(2025秒秒) )目的：了解文章内容，把握总体结构。目的：了解文章内容，把握总体结构。在个别情况下，文章没有小标题（如在个别情况下，文章没有小标题（如20062006年年6 6月），这时须按下月），这时须按下列顺序浏览全文：第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句列顺序浏览全文：第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句 -以以下每一段的第一句下每一段的第一句 -最后一段的第一句和最后一句。最后一段的第一句和最后一句。 第二步：审题（前第二步：审题（前7 7道）道） Examine&TidytheQuestions(1Examine&TidytheQuestions(1分钟分钟 ) )支持主题的，支持主题的，YesYes；反对主题的，；反对主题的，NoNo；跑题的，；跑题的，NGNG。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧答题步骤答题步骤 : :第一步：浏览第一步：浏览Skim(0.5Skim(0.5分钟分钟 22分钟分钟 ) )2. 2.分析小标题分析小标题 (TidytheSubtitles(TidytheSubtitles）(2025(2025秒秒) )目的：了解文章内容，把握总体结构。目的：了解文章内容，把握总体结构。在个别情况下，文章没有小标题（如在个别情况下，文章没有小标题（如20062006年年6 6月），这时须按下月），这时须按下列顺序浏览全文：第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句列顺序浏览全文：第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句 -以以下每一段的第一句下每一段的第一句 -最后一段的第一句和最后一句。最后一段的第一句和最后一句。 第二步：审题（前第二步：审题（前7 7道）道） Examine&TidytheQuestions(1Examine&TidytheQuestions(1分钟分钟 ) )支持主题的，支持主题的，YesYes；反对主题的，；反对主题的，NoNo；跑题的，；跑题的，NGNG。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧第三步：答题第三步：答题 Scan&AnswerScan&Answer（ 1213.51213.5分钟分钟 ) )一一 前七道前七道 （910.5910.5分钟）分钟）循着上述思路审完前七道题以后，我们就开始利用循着上述思路审完前七道题以后，我们就开始利用localizerslocalizers定位答题。定位答题。1 1 第一题经常是主旨题。第一题经常是主旨题。答题方法有三：答题方法有三：1 1）把短文的小标题相加）把短文的小标题相加 2 2）留到最后再做）留到最后再做 3 3）直接选）直接选YesYes( (只因只因NoNo或者或者NGNG的主旨题不太好出而已的主旨题不太好出而已) )2 2 真题的出题顺序与原文的相关位置是一致的。答题时，不要一道题一道真题的出题顺序与原文的相关位置是一致的。答题时，不要一道题一道题地答，而要两道两道地做，前后呼应，能更好地定位。题地答，而要两道两道地做，前后呼应，能更好地定位。3 3 YesYes的题是原句的同义词、反义词互换的题是原句的同义词、反义词互换NoNo的题一般分三种：正面冲突、偷梁换柱的题一般分三种：正面冲突、偷梁换柱 、曲解原文。、曲解原文。NGNG的题，只提醒一条：我们有前后两道题做参照，所以，要相信自己的的题，只提醒一条：我们有前后两道题做参照，所以，要相信自己的定位是准确的。如果在某一段里找不到相关信息，上一段或者下一段也不定位是准确的。如果在某一段里找不到相关信息，上一段或者下一段也不可能再出现了。这时，要果断地选可能再出现了。这时，要果断地选NGNG。 快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧二后三道二后三道 （3 3分钟）分钟）1 1审题（参考第二步）；审题（参考第二步）；2 2定位（当然到文章后面的段落找答案。注：文章后面，并不意味着肯定位（当然到文章后面的段落找答案。注：文章后面，并不意味着肯定在前七道题的后面，比如，第定在前七道题的后面，比如，第8 8题的答案有可能在第题的答案有可能在第7 7题的前面）；题的前面）；另外，密切注意空白前面紧挨着的词语。另外，密切注意空白前面紧挨着的词语。3 3答题。答题时请注意，你填的基本都是原文，但它出的题目可未必，答题。答题时请注意，你填的基本都是原文，但它出的题目可未必，很可能包含同义词替换很可能包含同义词替换 。提醒：后三道题需要更强的概括能力，而且还得书写英文，小心名词的单复提醒：后三道题需要更强的概括能力，而且还得书写英文，小心名词的单复数、动词的语法变化，相对难一些，所以，要给足三分钟的时间。数、动词的语法变化，相对难一些，所以，要给足三分钟的时间。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧判断判断N N和和NGNG的标准：的标准：NoNo题：题：1. 1.信息与原文相反；信息与原文相反；2. 2.将原文信息张冠李戴；将原文信息张冠李戴；3. 3.将原文中不确定的或未经证实的内容作为正确的或客观的来表述；将原文中不确定的或未经证实的内容作为正确的或客观的来表述；4. 4.改变原文的条件、范围、频率、可能性等。改变原文的条件、范围、频率、可能性等。NGNG题：题：1. 1.无中生有；无中生有；2. 2.将原文具体化，即题目中涉及的范围小于原文涉及的范围；将原文具体化，即题目中涉及的范围小于原文涉及的范围；3. 3.以个别代替整体，即将原文所举例子的特殊现象推广为普遍现象；以个别代替整体，即将原文所举例子的特殊现象推广为普遍现象；4. 4.随意比较原文中提到的两个事物；随意比较原文中提到的两个事物；5. 5.原文中作者或某个人物的目标、目的、愿望、誓言等内容，在题目中作为原文中作者或某个人物的目标、目的、愿望、誓言等内容，在题目中作为客观事实陈述。客观事实陈述。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧at,in,onat,in,on等后面的空白处考查的是时间或地点；等后面的空白处考查的是时间或地点；after,beforeafter,before,during,during等后面的空白处考查的是时间；等后面的空白处考查的是时间；byby后面的空白处考查的可能是方式或动作的施动者；后面的空白处考查的可能是方式或动作的施动者；bymeansof,throughbymeansof,through后的空白处考查的是方法手段；后的空白处考查的是方法手段；to to后面的空白处考查的可能是目的、对象、程度；后面的空白处考查的可能是目的、对象、程度；because,for,dueto,owingtobecause,for,dueto,owingto后的空白处考查的是原因。后的空白处考查的是原因。快速阅读解题技巧快速阅读解题技巧1.TheenergycrisisinAmericadiscussedheremainlyreferstoashortageof1.TheenergycrisisinAmericadiscussedheremainlyreferstoashortageoffossilfuels.fossilfuels.抓主语和谓语，迅速理解句子：能源危机指的是抓主语和谓语，迅速理解句子：能源危机指的是?记住：主语属于已知信息，是你到原文定位用的。记住：主语属于已知信息，是你到原文定位用的。常见的常见的localizerlocalizer有数字和专有名词有数字和专有名词: :（人名、地名、组织名、国名等）。（人名、地名、组织名、国名等）。LocalizerLocalizer可不是关键词（可不是关键词（keywordkeyword）。）。所谓关键词，就是你一句话读完，直觉上感到它最肯定的判断落在的所谓关键词，就是你一句话读完，直觉上感到它最肯定的判断落在的那一两个词上。那一两个词上。 不要顾虑主语，主语无条件存在。要去找关键词，也就是出题点。不要顾虑主语，主语无条件存在。要去找关键词，也就是出题点。出题点按频率从高到低排列依次是：出题点按频率从高到低排列依次是：宾语、状语、谓语、定语、表语。宾语、状语、谓语、定语、表语。阅读技巧阅读技巧1. 1.快速浏览全文，把握文章脉络快速浏览全文，把握文章脉络2. 2.仔细研析题干，确定关键词语仔细研析题干，确定关键词语选择题的解答成功与否，主要取决于对题干的充分挖掘。选择题的解答成功与否，主要取决于对题干的充分挖掘。53.Fromthestudiesconductedby53.FromthestudiesconductedbyLeDouxLeDouxwelearnthat_.welearnthat_.A)A)reactionsofhumansandanimalstodangeroussituationsareoftenunpredictablereactionsofhumansandanimalstodangeroussituationsareoftenunpredictableB)B)memoriesofsignificanteventsenablepeopletocontrolfearanddistressmemoriesofsignificanteventsenablepeopletocontrolfearanddistressC)C)peoplesunpleasantmemoriesarederivedfromtheirfeelingsoffearpeoplesunpleasantmemoriesarederivedfromtheirfeelingsoffearD)D)thetheamygdalaamygdalaplaysavitalpartinhumanandanimalsresponsestopotentialdangerplaysavitalpartinhumanandanimalsresponsestopotentialdanger如第如第5353题，该题定位并不难，因为人名是最为容易确定的线索，再加上题，该题定位并不难，因为人名是最为容易确定的线索，再加上studystudy一词便可确定答案所在地。但该题的关键在于一词便可确定答案所在地。但该题的关键在于learnlearn一词，它决定了正确答案一词，它决定了正确答案接言明，而是间接暗示的，所以由此可先排除文章直接言明的选项接言明，而是间接暗示的，所以由此可先排除文章直接言明的选项B)B)和和C)C)。选项选项A)A)与所在段的内容不相干，所以正确答案为与所在段的内容不相干，所以正确答案为D)D)。3. 3.理性分析失效，投机技巧登场理性分析失效，投机技巧登场( (提示：技巧不可不看提示：技巧不可不看) )1)1)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有：答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有： must,always,never,themost,all,only,haveto,any,no,very,completely,must,always,never,themost,all,only,haveto,any,no,very,completely,none,hardlynone,hardly等。等。2)2)选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有：选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有： can,could,may,should,usually,might,mostcan,could,may,should,usually,might,most，moreorless,relatively,moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,possible,whetheror,notnecessarilybelikelyto,possible,whetheror,notnecessarily等。等。3)3)选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义替换的一般是选项。此选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义替换的一般是选项。此 外，正确选项往往其词汇对应数量在外，正确选项往往其词汇对应数量在3 3个或个或3 3个以上。个以上。4)4)较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的选项一般是答案项。较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的选项一般是答案项。5)5)选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的( (字面意思字面意思) )一般不是答案项，而概一般不是答案项，而概 括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的一般是答案项。括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的一般是答案项。6)6)选项中较符合常识的、易明白的一般不是选项，而似乎不太合理、一选项中较符合常识的、易明白的一般不是选项，而似乎不太合理、一 时较难理解的往往是正确选项。时较难理解的往往是正确选项。4. 4.时间紧张之时，略看文章答题时间紧张之时，略看文章答题1)1)针对主旨大意题只读段首、段尾句。一般来说，一篇文章的中心思针对主旨大意题只读段首、段尾句。一般来说，一篇文章的中心思 想或某一段主题思想往往通过段首、段尾句表达出来。迅速找想或某一段主题思想往往通过段首、段尾句表达出来。迅速找 到了这些主题句，也能答题。到了这些主题句，也能答题。2)2)若针对举例子、引用名人言论、特殊符号若针对举例子、引用名人言论、特殊符号( (如冒号、引号、破折号如冒号、引号、破折号) )后后 内容出题，可只读例子、名人言话、符号前后句内容，然后答题。内容出题，可只读例子、名人言话、符号前后句内容，然后答题。 3)3)如果题目只是针对某一段内容而提问，不必等把文章全看完才做，以防如果题目只是针对某一段内容而提问，不必等把文章全看完才做，以防 到时要交卷，而能做出的题因时间不足而瞎猜。到时要交卷，而能做出的题因时间不足而瞎猜。4)4)针对词汇题，可只看词汇所在句和前后句内容即可答题，因为对单词字针对词汇题，可只看词汇所在句和前后句内容即可答题，因为对单词字 义的揣测，一般只通过单词所在句或前后句内容就能猜出。义的揣测，一般只通过单词所在句或前后句内容就能猜出。翻译标准方法步骤：翻译标准方法步骤：1.1.标准：准确、通顺、完整。标准：准确、通顺、完整。2.2.方法：以直译为主适当意译。方法：以直译为主适当意译。3.3.步骤：步骤：通读全句，准确理解。通读全句，准确理解。分析成分，划分意群。分析成分，划分意群。选择词义，贴切表达。选择词义，贴切表达。适当调整，书写译文。适当调整，书写译文。常用句型翻译技巧：常用句型翻译技巧：* *定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句与同位语从句的区别：1. 1.定语从句先行词可以是任何名词，而同位语从句先行词相当有限，例如：定语从句先行词可以是任何名词，而同位语从句先行词相当有限，例如：conclusion,fact,news,idea,belief,messageconclusion,fact,news,idea,belief,message。2. 2.同位语从句中同位语从句中 thatthat不在从句，定语从句不在从句，定语从句 thatthat充当一定句子成分。充当一定句子成分。3. 3.同位语翻译可采用解释法，即先行词后同位语翻译可采用解释法，即先行词后+I+I。强调结构：还原强调部分，直接翻译。强调结构：还原强调部分，直接翻译。* *定语定语1. 1.分词短语作定语分词短语作定语 2. 2.不定式作定语不定式作定语 3. 3.介词短语作定语介词短语作定语 4. 4.形容词做定语形容词做定语上述成分做定语时，一般来说，应把定语翻译在中心词前面。上述成分做定语时，一般来说，应把定语翻译在中心词前面。*比较结构比较结构1.as.1.as.asas. .2.notsoAas.B2.notsoAas.B3.ratherA3.ratherA，thanBthanB与其说与其说B B，不如说，不如说A A4.lessA4.lessA，moreBmoreB与其说与其说A A，不如说，不如说B B* *并列结构并列结构两个或两个以上的并列成分有明显的连词标记或标点符号连接，如：两个或两个以上的并列成分有明显的连词标记或标点符号连接，如：and,or,but,bothand,neithernor,notbut,notonly.butalso.and,or,but,bothand,neithernor,notbut,notonly.butalso.等。等。* *否定结构否定结构1. 1.部分否定：若否定句中出部分否定：若否定句中出 allall，bothboth，everyevery，eacheach等类似词语，则表部分否定。等类似词语，则表部分否定。2. 2.形状否定：形状否定：例如：例如： Hisnotbeexaggerated.Hisnotbeexaggerated.他的贡献极大。他的贡献极大。 Word Dictation1.Willit1.Willit_youifIturnontheradio?_youifIturnontheradio?2.Ido2.Ido_abouthisrealpurpose._abouthisrealpurpose.3.Thehouseis_;eventhenearestshorewouldbe20milesaway.3.Thehouseis_;eventhenearestshorewouldbe20milesaway.4.Thetopsofsomemountainsinthisareaarecompletely_.4.Thetopsofsomemountainsinthisareaarecompletely_.5.Dr.King_defendedthecivilrightsofblackpeople.5.Dr.King_defendedthecivilrightsofblackpeople.6.Whenpeoplebecomeunemployed,itis_whichisoftenworsethanthe6.Whenpeoplebecomeunemployed,itis_whichisoftenworsethanthelackofwages.lackofwages.7.SomepeoplelikedoingshoppingonSundayssoastopickupsomewonderful7.SomepeoplelikedoingshoppingonSundayssoastopickupsomewonderful_inthemarket._inthemarket.8.Agoalisadreamwitha_.8.Agoalisadreamwitha_.9.TheGreatWallisawonderfultourist_topeoplebothinandoutofChina.9.TheGreatWallisawonderfultourist_topeoplebothinandoutofChina.10.Thehopesandfears_significantlybetweentherichandthepoor.10.Thehopesandfears_significantlybetweentherichandthepoor.botherbotherwonderwonderisolatedisolatedbarebarevigorouslyvigorouslyidlenessidlenessbargainsbargainsdeadlinedeadlineattractionattractionvaryvary1.nordidsheeverlosetemper/nordidsheeverbecomeangry1.nordidsheeverlosetemper/nordidsheeverbecomeangry2.draw/attractreadersattention2.draw/attractreadersattention3.canthavebeencleaned3.canthavebeencleaned4.Thekeytothesuccessofthisproject4.Thekeytothesuccessofthisproject5.caught/foundhimcheatingme5.caught/foundhimcheatingmeWord Dictation1.Corn1.Corn_inAmericancontinent._inAmericancontinent.2.Thepurposeofthisorganizationisto2.Thepurposeofthisorganizationisto_inpeoplealoveofart._inpeoplealoveofart.3.Thiskindofglasses_byexperiencedcraftsmanwearscomfortably.3.Thiskindofglasses_byexperiencedcraftsmanwearscomfortably.4.Somediseasesare_bywildanimals.4.Somediseasesare_bywildanimals.5.Heis_abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalinthegame.5.Heis_abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalinthegame.6.Hisoldcar_toomuchgasoline.6.Hisoldcar_toomuchgasoline.7.Thecomputerrevolutionmaywellchangesocietyas_asdidthe7.Thecomputerrevolutionmaywellchangesocietyas_asdidtheIndustrialRevolution.IndustrialRevolution.8.Wecannolonger8.Wecannolongerwiatwiatforthedeliveryofourorder,wehaveto_it.forthedeliveryofourorder,wehaveto_it.9.Youngpeoplearenot_tostandandlookatworksofart;theywant9.Youngpeoplearenot_tostandandlookatworksofart;theywantto_inthem.to_inthem.10.People_onthesquaretocelebratethebirthofanewnation.10.People_onthesquaretocelebratethebirthofanewnation.originatedoriginatedcultivatecultivatemanufacturedmanufacturedtransmittedtransmittedoptimisticoptimisticconsumesconsumesfundamentallyfundamentallycancelcancelcontentcontentparticipateparticipateassembledassembled翻译1. 1.否定句否定句1)1)部分否定句部分否定句“ “概括词概括词all,everyall,every等等+not+not+谓语动词谓语动词” ”，常见词：，常见词：all,both,every,everybody,all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirelyeverything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirely和和whollywholly等等. .例例: :Thereisafamousproverbsayingthat_.(Thereisafamousproverbsayingthat_.(闪光的东西并非都是金子闪光的东西并非都是金子) )答案答案:allthatglittersisnotgold:allthatglittersisnotgoldDontyoubetoldthat_(Dontyoubetoldthat_(这两本书并非都是有益的这两本书并非都是有益的)? )?答案答案:bothofthebooksarenothelpful:bothofthebooksarenothelpful翻译1. 1.否定句否定句2)2)完全否定句完全否定句“no,none“no,none等否定词等否定词+ +肯定式谓语肯定式谓语” ”，常见词：，常见词：no,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,no,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,anyhow,neither,neveranyhow,neither,never等等 “All“All等概括词等概括词+ +肯定式谓语肯定式谓语+ +含否定意义的词含否定意义的词” ”例例: :Cheapasitis,but_.(Cheapasitis,but_.(我今天无论如何都不买我今天无论如何都不买) )答案答案:anyhowIwillnotbuyittoday:anyhowIwillnotbuyittodayHeissoexcite_.(Heissoexcite_.(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的) )答案答案:thatnoneofthewordscandescribehisfeelings:thatnoneofthewordscandescribehisfeelings翻译1. 1.否定句否定句3)3)双重否定句双重否定句“ “主语主语+ +cannot+help/refrain/keep+fromcannot+help/refrain/keep+from+ +动名词动名词” ”, ,“ “抑制，忍住抑制，忍住” ”. .例例: :Havingwonthegoldmedal,_.(Havingwonthegoldmedal,_.(他禁不住喜形于色他禁不住喜形于色) )答案答案:hecouldnotrefrainfromshowinghispleasure:hecouldnotrefrainfromshowinghispleasure_(_(我们忍不住笑起来我们忍不住笑起来)whenhefinishedthestory.)whenhefinishedthestory.答案答案:wecouldnothelplaughing:wecouldnothelplaughing翻译1. 1.否定句否定句3)3)双重否定句双重否定句“ “主语主语+ +cannot+butcannot+but/choosebut/helpbut+/choosebut/helpbut+动词原形动词原形” ”例例: :_(_(人们不能不被他的事迹所感动人们不能不被他的事迹所感动)afterknowingthebachelor)afterknowingthebachelorhasadoptedfiveorphans.hasadoptedfiveorphans.答案答案:Onecannotbutbemovedbyhisdeeds:Onecannotbutbemovedbyhisdeeds_(_(我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿)sinceallthehotelshere)sinceallthehotelsherearewithsigns“BeBookedUp”.arewithsigns“BeBookedUp”.答案答案:Wecouldnothelpbutlookforanotheronetostayin:Wecouldnothelpbutlookforanotheronetostayin翻译1. 1.否定句否定句3)3)双重否定句双重否定句“ “(Therebe)no+(Therebe)no+主语主语+but+but+谓语谓语” ”例例: :DontalwayssticktoDontalwayssticktoroutinismroutinism,andyoumustknow_.,andyoumustknow_.( (没有无例外的规则没有无例外的规则). ).答案答案:thereisnorulebuthasitsexceptions:thereisnorulebuthasitsexceptionsHeissodevotedtohisexperimentthat_(Heissodevotedtohisexperimentthat_(没有人感觉不到没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱他对事业的热爱).).答案答案:nota/nomanbutfelthislovetohiscareer:nota/nomanbutfelthislovetohiscareer翻译_(_(我所有朋友都不抽烟除了你我所有朋友都不抽烟除了你),somyparentsdontwantmeto),somyparentsdontwantmetostaywithyou.staywithyou.答案：答案：NoneofmyfriendssmokeexceptyouNoneofmyfriendssmokeexceptyouWehavenoneedtorunafterluxury,because_(Wehavenoneedtorunafterluxury,because_(高价格并不高价格并不一定意味着高品质一定意味着高品质). ).答案：答案：ahighpricedoesnotnecessarilymeangoodqualityahighpricedoesnotnecessarilymeangoodqualityItsabigjokethat_(Itsabigjokethat_(无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来). ).答案：答案：Icanthelp/keeplaughingwheneverIhearitIcanthelp/keeplaughingwheneverIhearitMyteacheralwaysscoldsusevenformakingasmallmistake.IthinkshedoesntMyteacheralwaysscoldsusevenformakingasmallmistake.Ithinkshedoesntrealizethat_(realizethat_(人人都有缺点人人都有缺点). ).答案：答案：thereisnomanwithoutfaultsthereisnomanwithoutfaults1.tostudentsbeinglatefor1.tostudentsbeinglatefor2.shouldadapthimselfto2.shouldadapthimselfto3.handoverhisbusiness3.handoverhisbusiness4.nolessineconomicpoliciesthaninmakingrevolution4.nolessineconomicpoliciesthaninmakingrevolution5.wonderingabouthisrealpurpose5.wonderingabouthisrealpurpose翻译2. 2.判断句判断句1)1)强调判断句强调判断句 (1)(1)“ “主语主语+ +be+no/none+otherbe+no/none+otherthan/but+than/but+表语表语( (强调内容强调内容)” )”例例: :ThetallfigurethatIsaw_.(ThetallfigurethatIsaw_.(不是别人，正是我们的校长不是别人，正是我们的校长) )答案答案:wasnoneotherthanourpresident:wasnoneotherthanourpresident(2)“(2)“主语主语+ +be+nothing+(elsebe+nothing+(else)but/elsethan/lessthan+)but/elsethan/lessthan+表语表语” ”例：例：Themethodofscientificinvestigation_(Themethodofscientificinvestigation_(不过是人类思维的不过是人类思维的必要表达方式必要表达方式). ).答案答案:isnothingbuttheexpressionofthenecessarymodeofthehumanmind:isnothingbuttheexpressionofthenecessarymodeofthehumanmind翻译2. 2.判断句判断句1)1)强调判断句强调判断句 (3)(3)“itis/was+“itis/was+强调部分强调部分+that/who+that/who+从句从句” ”例例: :_(_(做那个试验的正是我的父亲做那个试验的正是我的父亲)inthelabyesterdayevening.)inthelabyesterdayevening.答案答案:Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperiment:Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperiment_(_(这正是我父亲做的那个试验这正是我父亲做的那个试验)inthelabyesterdayevening.)inthelabyesterdayevening.答案答案:Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdid:Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdid翻译2. 2.判断句判断句1)1)正反判断句正反判断句 (1)(1)“ “主语主语+ +be+notbe+not+ +表语表语A+butA+but+ +表语表语B”B”例例: :Therearedifferentopinionsaboutthetruemeaningoflife,butmostpeoplebelievethatTherearedifferentopinionsaboutthetruemeaningoflife,butmostpeoplebelievethat_.(_.(生命并不一定要漫长，但一定要五彩缤纷生命并不一定要漫长，但一定要五彩缤纷) )答案答案:lifeisnotalwayslongbutitmustbeamazing:lifeisnotalwayslongbutitmustbeamazing(2)“(itis)not(2)“(itis)notthat(whothat(who),but),butthat(whothat(who)” ”例：例：ItisnotthatIdislikethework,_(ItisnotthatIdislikethework,_(而是我没有时间而是我没有时间). ).答案答案:butthatIhavenotime:butthatIhavenotime翻译2. 2.判断句判断句3)3)比较判断句比较判断句 (1)(1)“ “主语主语 +be+less/more+be+less/more+表语表语A+than+A+than+表语表语B”B”例例: :HedoeseverythingwithgreatcarebutIthink_.(HedoeseverythingwithgreatcarebutIthink_.(与其说他是谨慎，与其说他是谨慎，不如说他是怯懦不如说他是怯懦) )答案答案:heismorepoltroonthancautious:heismorepoltroonthancautious(2)“(2)“主语主语 +be+rather+be+rather表语表语A+than+A+than+表语表语B”B”例：例：Hewhocanrecite500poemsHewhocanrecite500poems _(_(与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋). ).答案答案:isratherdiligentthanclever:isratherdiligentthanclever (3)“(3)“主语主语 +be+notsomuch+be+notsomuch+表语表语A+as+A+as+表语表语B”B”Judgingfromhiswords,wecanknowthatJudgingfromhiswords,wecanknowthat _(_(他不是生病，而是情绪低落他不是生病，而是情绪低落). ).答案答案:heisntsomuchillasdepressed:heisntsomuchillasdepressed翻译Iambadlyill,_(Iambadlyill,_(不是肉体上，而是精神上不是肉体上，而是精神上). ).答案：答案：notbodily,butmentallynotbodily,butmentallyScientistsbelievethat_(Scientistsbelievethat_(与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说海洋连接了世界各国海洋连接了世界各国). ).答案：答案：OceansdontsomuchdividetheworldasuniteitOceansdontsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit_(_(形势再好不过了形势再好不过了),sowecouldreform),sowecouldreformfutherfuther. .答案：答案：Thesituationisnothingelsebut/thanfineThesituationisnothingelsebut/thanfineExperienceshowsthatsuccessis_(Experienceshowsthatsuccessis_(应更多的归功于热忱而非能力应更多的归功于热忱而非能力). ).答案：答案：duelesstoabilitythantozealduelesstoabilitythantozealItisnotheroeswhocreateapeople,butthepeople_(Itisnotheroeswhocreateapeople,butthepeople_(创造英雄，创造英雄，并推动历史向前并推动历史向前). ).答案：答案：whocreateheroesandmovehistoryonwardwhocreateheroesandmovehistoryonward翻译Wheneverweareintrouble,wealways_(Wheneverweareintrouble,wealways_(靠的不是别人，而是自己靠的不是别人，而是自己). ).答案：答案：dependonnonebutourselvesdependonnonebutourselvesThemanwhostolemywatchwas_(Themanwhostolemywatchwas_(不是别人，正是约翰不是别人，正是约翰). ).答案：答案：nootherthanJohnnootherthanJohn听力表示请求的常用句型：表示请求的常用句型：Iwonderif?Iwonderif?HowaboutHowabout？WillyoupleaseWillyouplease？Wouldyouliketo?Wouldyouliketo?Could/wouldyouCould/wouldyou？WouldyoumindWouldyoumind？DoyoufeellikeDoyoufeellike？Couldyoudomeafavor?Couldyoudomeafavor?表示提议的常用句型：表示提议的常用句型：CanICanI？DoyouwanttoDoyouwantto？ShallIShallI？WouldyouliketoWouldyouliketo？表示建议的常用句型：表示建议的常用句型：Lets?Lets?WhynotWhynot？YoullhavetoYoullhaveto？Youmightaswell?Youmightaswell?Whydontyou/weWhydontyou/we？HowaboutHowabout？WhybotherWhybother？Youdbetter?Youdbetter?Youllgetto?Youllgetto?IfIwereyou,IdIfIwereyou,Id翻译3. 3.倍数表示句型倍数表示句型(1)“(1)“主语主语 +be+be+倍数倍数+thatof+thatof+被比较对象或被比较对象或as+as+形容词形容词 +as+as+被比较对象被比较对象” ”例例: :Bythattimeweshall_.(Bythattimeweshall_.(生产的粮食将比生产的粮食将比20062006年增加了年增加了3 3倍倍) )答案答案:producefourtimesasmuchgrainaswedid2006:producefourtimesasmuchgrainaswedid2006(2)“(2)“主语主语 +increase/rise/attain+increase/rise/attain+ (to)(to)倍数倍数+comparedwith+comparedwith+被比较对象被比较对象” ”例：例：Thenewbuildingsarea_(Thenewbuildingsarea_(将是旧楼的两倍将是旧楼的两倍). ).答案答案:willattainto2timesoftheoldone:willattainto2timesoftheoldone(3)“(3)“主语主语 +increase+(by)+increase+(by)百分数百分数 +comparedwith”+comparedwith”例：例：TheoutputofJuneinourfactory_(TheoutputofJuneinourfactory_(比比5 5月份的产量增加了月份的产量增加了150%).150%).答案：答案：increasedby150%comparedwiththatofMayincreasedby150%comparedwiththatofMay翻译Theaverageincomeofthestaffhasbeen_(Theaverageincomeofthestaffhasbeen_(与去年相比增加了与去年相比增加了50%).50%).答案：答案：increasedby50percentcomparedwithlastyearincreasedby50percentcomparedwithlastyearThesizeofthenewlybroadenedsquare_(Thesizeofthenewlybroadenedsquare_(是以前的四倍大是以前的四倍大). ).答案：答案：isfourtimesthatofthepreviousoneisfourtimesthatofthepreviousone翻译3. 3.比较句型比较句型(1)“(1)“主语主语 +谓语谓语 +as+as+形容词形容词/ /副词副词 +as+as+被比较对象被比较对象” ”ThisstoryThisstory _.(_.(不如那个故事有趣不如那个故事有趣) )答案答案:isnotso/asinterestingasthatone:isnotso/asinterestingasthatone(2)“(2)“主语主语 +谓语谓语 + + nomore/less+nomore/less+形容词形容词/ /副词副词 +than+than+被比较对象被比较对象” ”Thisfilmis_(Thisfilmis_(不如那部电影有趣不如那部电影有趣). ).答案答案:notmoreinterestingthanthatone:notmoreinterestingthanthatone(3)“would(had)ratherthan/ratherthan”(3)“would(had)ratherthan/ratherthan”和和“ “wouldsoonerthan”wouldsoonerthan”Atweekends,IAtweekends,I _(_(宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影). ).答案：答案：wouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinemawouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinemaToletmecrib,_(Toletmecrib,_(我宁愿饿死，也不干这工作我宁愿饿死，也不干这工作). ).答案：答案：soonerthandosuchwork,Iwouldstarvesoonerthandosuchwork,Iwouldstarve1.hadtobeoperatedmanually1.hadtobeoperatedmanually2.nothingbutlaboranddiligence2.nothingbutlaboranddiligence3.evenso3.evenso4.Noneofusexpectedtheheadmastertoturnup4.Noneofusexpectedtheheadmastertoturnup5.ranges/variesfrom30centsto$55.ranges/variesfrom30centsto$51.neitherwillthey1.neitherwillthey2.Itisbecausesheistooinexperienced2.Itisbecausesheistooinexperienced3.arebeingdeveloped3.arebeingdeveloped4.forfearthatheshouldberecognized4.forfearthatheshouldberecognized5.isoftenaverytime-consumingjob5.isoftenaverytime-consumingjobWiththeadventofso-called“diplomaera”,theresgrowingconcernaboutWiththeadventofso-called“diplomaera”,theresgrowingconcernaboutexamination.Turningourattentiontothecampus,wecanfindthat“Examinationexamination.Turningourattentiontothecampus,wecanfindthat“Examinationcheating”isbynomeansastrangethingtoteachersandstudents.Althoughcheating”isbynomeansastrangethingtoteachersandstudents.Althoughsometimesimposeseverepunishmentonthedishoneststudents,thecheatingstillexistssometimesimposeseverepunishmentonthedishoneststudents,thecheatingstillexistsoncampus.oncampus.Whydosomanystudentscheatinexams?ThefirstreasonliesintheirfearoftheWhydosomanystudentscheatinexams?Thefirstreasonliesintheirfearofthefailureintheexams.Manystudentslackconfidenceandafraidthattheywillfailinthefailureintheexams.Manystudentslackconfidenceandafraidthattheywillfailintheexaminationsifdependsolelyontheirownabilities.Apartfromthat,somestudentsareexaminationsifdependsolelyontheirownabilities.Apartfromthat,somestudentsarelazyanddishonest,theydontworkhardandregardcheatingasaneffectivemethodtolazyanddishonest,theydontworkhardandregardcheatingasaneffectivemethodtopassvarioustests.Inaddition,thesocietyexertsheavypressureonthestudentsbypassvarioustests.Inaddition,thesocietyexertsheavypressureonthestudentsbyattachinggreatimportanceonthescoresofexaminations,whichalsoforcessomeattachinggreatimportanceonthescoresofexaminations,whichalsoforcessomestudentstogoastray.studentstogoastray.Inviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblemonthecampus,itisessentialtoInviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblemonthecampus,itisessentialtotakedrasticmeasurestotackleit.Thefirstwaytotakedrasticmeasurestotackleit.Thefirstwaytocompecompewithitistowithitistoapplealappleal totheauthoritiestoreformtheexaminationsystemsoastoworkoutaseriestotheauthoritiestoreformtheexaminationsystemsoastoworkoutaseriesofrealeffectivemethodstomeasurestudentsabilities.Besides,teachersandofrealeffectivemethodstomeasurestudentsabilities.Besides,teachersandparentsareresponsibleforthemoralinstructionagainstthedishonestparentsareresponsibleforthemoralinstructionagainstthedishonestbehavior.Lastbutnotleast,studentsarealsooughttobearinmindthebehavior.Lastbutnotleast,studentsarealsooughttobearinmindtheprincipleofbeingaqualifiedstudent.principleofbeingaqualifiedstudent.Afterall,althoughthereisstillalongwaytogo,wecanexpectwithfullAfterall,althoughthereisstillalongwaytogo,wecanexpectwithfullconfidenceabrighterfutureoftheeducationinourcountry.confidenceabrighterfutureoftheeducationinourcountry.