Book1Unit4Earthquakes语言点用法过关语言点用法过关1.burstvi.爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发教材原句教材原句Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市内,有些建筑物里的水管爆裂了。语境应用语境应用单句改错单句改错Lastnighttheroomwasburstinbutnothingwastakenaway.Afirewasburstoutlastnight,andhishousewasinruins.ininto去掉第一个去掉第一个was单句填空单句填空Withaburstlaughter,WangXifengbursttheroom,whoseflattering(讨好的)wordsmadeMrs.Jiaburstlaughter.一句多译一句多译不管什么时候回忆起这个有趣的故事,我都会忍不住笑起来。WheneverIrecallthisfunnystory,.NomatterwhenIthinkofthisfunnystory,.用法点拨用法点拨burstin/burstintoaroom闯入;突然破门而入burstout突然开始突然哭起来/笑起来aburstof.突然的一阵ofintointoIcanthelpburstingoutlaughingIcanthelpburstingintolaughter助记助记2.ruinn.毁灭;废墟vt.毁灭;使破产教材原句教材原句Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒内,一座大城市便成为了一片废墟。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedruins,thecitytookonanewlook.Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichwasonceverybeautifulisnowpletelyruins.Drunkdrivingnotonlyruined(him)butalsokilledseveralpassers-by.用用ruin,damage,destroy的适当形式填空的适当形式填空Hewasinjuredbadlyinabigfire,whichthebuildingpletely.Theaccidentdidmuchtohishealthandhisfuture.toinhimselfdestroyeddamageruined用法点拨用法点拨lie/beinruins成为废墟fallintoruin衰落,败落bereducedtoruins沦为废墟ruinoneself毁掉自己;自取灭亡ruinoneshealth/fame/future毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途词义辨析词义辨析ruin表示“毁掉、毁坏”,是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏。也可用于表示抽象意义damage指程度较小的损坏,一般是可以修复的,可用作动词或名词。作名词时通常用作不可数名词,构成词组do/causedamagetosb./sth.destroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭,也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划、信心等3.injurevt.损害;伤害教材原句教材原句Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.他们当中三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Theyoungwomanenteredthepoolwherean(injure)dolphinwasswimming.单句改错单句改错Luckily,theinjuredwassenttothenearesthospital.injuredwaswere完成句子完成句子Because,Icannotgowithyouasplanned.因为我的左脚受伤了,所以不能按计划和你一块儿去了。用法点拨用法点拨(1)injuredadj.受伤的theinjured伤员(2)injuryn.伤;伤口;伤害dooneselfaninjury伤害某人自己点津点津theinjured作主语时,谓语动词常常使用复数形式。myleftfootwasinjured4.trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境教材原句教材原句Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在了废墟下面。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空He(trap)inatrafficjam,sohehadtowait.Thepolicetrappedhiminto(tell)thetruth.单句改错单句改错Thefarmersetstrapfortherats.同义句转换:把上面句改为用过去分词作状语的句子wastrappedtellingtrap前加前加a或变为或变为trapsTrappedinatrafficjam,hehadtowait.用法点拨用法点拨betrappedin困在中;陷在中trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱使某人做某事setatrapforsb.为某人设圈套联想联想betrappedin的同义短语有:belockedin,becaughtin,bestuckin等5.buryvt.掩埋;埋葬;使隐藏教材原句教材原句Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.部队人员组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands(bury)inthepockets.Hesankdownontheground,(bury)hisfaceinhishands.一句多译一句多译由于他埋头于书本,所以不知道外面在下雨。Becausehehisbook,hedidntknowitwasrainingout-side.buriedburyingburiedhimselfinBecausehehisbook,hedidntknowitwasrainingoutside.hisbook,hedidntknowitwasrainingoutside.hisbook,hedidntknowitwasrainingoutside.用法点拨用法点拨bury.in.把埋到里;使沉浸于buryoneselfin埋头于;专心于;沉浸于beburiedin埋头于;专心于;沉浸于联想联想表示“专心于;致力于”的其他常见短语:bedevotedto;belost/engaged/absorbedin;focus/concentrateon;fix/concen-trateonesattentiononwasburiedinBuryinghimselfinBuriedin6.judgevt.断定;判断;判决n.裁判员;法官教材原句教材原句Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲,他们一致认为这是今年最好的演讲。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Ifhehadplayedapartinthefilm,hewould(judge)tobethebestactor.(judge)fromthestory,wecanetotheconclusionthatwecantjudgeabookitscover.havebeenjudgedJudgingby完成句子完成句子,itiswrongforthemtoletsomestudentscarrymobilephones.我认为,他们让某些学生带手机是错误的。单句改错单句改错Judgedfromhisexpression,hewasnotsatisfiedwiththeanswer.用法点拨用法点拨judge.from/by.从来判断dontjudgeabookbyitscover不要以貌取人,勿以外表做评判asfarasIcanjudge据我判断;我认为点津点津judgingfrom/by“从来看;根据来判断”,用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。AsfarasIcanjudgeJudgedJudging1.atanend结束;终结教材原句教材原句Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日!语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空ThemeetingwasnearlyanendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.I(plete)allofthereadingbytheendofthistermifmyplangoeswell.单句翻译单句翻译我们的实验以失败告终。atwillhavepletedOurexperimentendedupinfailure.用法点拨用法点拨(1)attheendof在尽头/末端intheend最后,终于bytheendof到时候为止(常与完成时连用)put/bringanendtosth.使结束etoanend完成;结束(2)endupwith以结束endupdoingsth.以做某事结束endupin以告终;结果为2.a(great)numberof许多;大量的教材原句教材原句Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.造成如此多的人员死亡是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Anumberofstudents(be)inthedininghallnow.Yes.Thenumberofthestudents(be)about400.选词填空(anumberof/thenumberof)Nowcollegegraduatesareseekingtogetawellpaidjob.Butpostsavailableforthemisoftennotenough.areisanumberofthenumberof单句改错单句改错Largequantitiesofnutsisfoundinsidethetrees.Agoodmanydisastershasdamagedtheoldbuilding.用法点拨用法点拨(1)anumberof意为“若干;许多”,后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。(2)thenumberof意为“的数量”,其后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动词一般要用单数形式。扩展扩展“largequantitiesof+名词”后通常跟动词复数形式“agreat/goodmany+可数名词复数”后通常跟谓语动词复数形式isarehashave1.asif似乎;仿佛教材原句教材原句Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日!语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Whenapencilispartlyputintowater,itlooksasifit(be)broken.Jackwasntsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathimasifhe(do)somethingveryclever.Heopenedhismouthasif(say)something.werehaddonetosay同义句转换同义句转换Thetennisplayerislyingonthefloorasifshewerehurtbadly.Thetennisplayerislyingonthefloorbadly.单句改错单句改错HetalksaboutRomeasifthathehadbeentherebefore.完成句子完成句子在回答问题的时候,我同桌看起来很紧张。(Itseemedasif.)whenheansweredthequestion.asifhurt去掉去掉thatItseemedasifmydeskmatewasverynervous用法点拨用法点拨asif(=asthough)在句中引导表语从句;它也可以引导状语从句。联想联想asif/though从句使用虚拟语气的三种情况:与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时,be动词用were;与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”;与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”。点津点津asif/though引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,后面直接跟名词(短语)、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词等。2.all.not.并非所有都教材原句教材原句Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。语境应用语境应用句型转换:把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定句Idonotrememberallthedetails.Bothofthemarenotmybrothers.Noteverythingshedidpleasedhim.Sheisnotalwaysexcited.Iremembernoneofthedetails.Neitherofthemismybrother.Nothingshedidpleasedhim.Sheisneverexcited.一句多译一句多译不是所有的人都愿意帮助他人。(all.not)(not.all)用法点拨用法点拨该句是表示部分否定的句型,all.not.=notall.,意为“并非所有的都”。联想联想英语中的all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,pletely,al-ways,whole,entirely等词与否定词连用,无论否定词位置如何,均构成部分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。no,none,never,nobody,neither,nothing,nomore,nolonger等表示否定意义的词或短语与表肯定意义的谓语动词一起使用时,构成全部否定。Allpeoplearenotwillingtohelpothers.Notallpeoplearewillingtohelpothers.