话题 The Violence of Nature(自然灾害)功能 Giving a definition(下定义)语法1.Past perfect passive(过去完成时的被动语态)2.Indirect speech(间接引语)重点词汇及拓展1.disaster n灾难2.result vt.引起；导致3furniture n家具4.bury vt.埋葬5occur vi.发生6.strike vt. & n袭击7destroy vt.毁坏8.previous adj.以前的9damage n. & v损失；损害10violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的violence n暴力11.erupt vi.(火山的)爆发；喷发eruption n爆发12possibility n可能；可能性possible adj.可能的probable adj.可能的(近义词)13terrifying adj.恐惧的terrified adj.害怕的terrify vt.使害怕14experience vt.经历experienced adj.有经验的重点短语1.refer to提到；查询2pick up 拿起，拾起，搭载3take.off.去掉4on average平均5warn sb.of警告某人6set fire to纵火烧7.put out扑灭8in all总共9be active in 积极10take place发生11find out弄清楚12end up in以告终重点句型1.On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生大约800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。2By the time it ended，more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.风停时，已有700多人死亡，2 700人受伤。3Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean，only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.蒙特塞拉特岛是加勒比海上的一个美丽的小岛，长仅16千米，宽10千米。 1experience nU经验，体验；经验，体验；C经历；经历的事；经历；经历的事；体会体会vt.经历，体验；感受经历，体验；感受归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)have much teaching/working experience教教学学/工工作作经经验验丰富丰富learn by/from experience 从经验中学习从经验中学习experience in/of在在方面有经验方面有经验in ones experience据某人经验看据某人经验看(2)experienced adj.有经验的，老练的有经验的，老练的be experienced in 在在方面老练方面老练/有经验有经验例例句句：Mr Brown has thirty years teaching/working /working experience.experience. Mr Mr Brown Brown has has much much experience experience in in teaching/teaching/working.布朗先生有布朗先生有30年的教学年的教学/工作经验。工作经验。During the war they experienced at first hand the horror of night bombing raids.在战争期间，他们亲身体验了夜间空袭的恐惧。在战争期间，他们亲身体验了夜间空袭的恐惧。He is very experienced in money matters.他是处理金融事务的老手。他是处理金融事务的老手。【链接训练链接训练】Human beings have five senses for _ the world around them.Aexperiment BexperienceCexperimenting Dexperiencing【解解析析】experience the world “体体验验世世界界”，是是动动宾宾关关系系，且且置置于于介介词词for后后，所所以以用用动动名名词词的的主主动动形形式式。句句意意为为：人人类类用用五五种种感感觉觉来来体体验验他他们们周周围围的的世世界界。experiment意意为为“做做实验，尝试实验，尝试”，与题意不符。，与题意不符。【答案答案】D2bury vt.埋埋葬葬，埋埋藏藏，用用某某物物覆覆盖盖；从从记记忆忆中中除除去去，忘记忘记归纳拓展归纳拓展bury sb.in/at sth.将某人埋葬在将某人埋葬在bury sth.under/beneath sth.将将埋在埋在下面下面bury ones face in hands用手捂住脸用手捂住脸例句：例句：The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks.登山者被埋在一堆岩石中。登山者被埋在一堆岩石中。She buried her face in her hands and wept.她双手掩面哭了起来。她双手掩面哭了起来。After the divorce，she buried herself in her work.离婚后她埋头于工作。离婚后她埋头于工作。【链接训练链接训练】He _ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs.But he still couldnt _ asleep.Aburied；go Bplaced；wentCburied；fall Dlaid；go to【解解析析】句句意意为为：由由于于楼楼上上有有噪噪音音，他他把把头头埋埋在在枕枕头头底底下下。但但是是，他他仍仍旧旧不不能能入入睡睡。bury sth. under/beneath sth.“将将埋在埋在下面下面”；fall asleep是固定短语，是固定短语，“入睡入睡”。【答案答案】C3occur vi.发生，出现；发生，出现；(想法、念头等想法、念头等)浮现，想起浮现，想起归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)If anything should occur.如果发生什么事情的话如果发生什么事情的话It occurred to sb. that.某人刚刚想到某人刚刚想到sth.occurs to sb.某某事事浮浮现现在在某某人人的的脑脑海海中中；某某人人想想到到(2)occurrent adj.正在发生的，偶然发生的正在发生的，偶然发生的occurrence n发生，出现，事件，发生的事情发生，出现，事件，发生的事情例句：例句：It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe.我突然想到要到欧洲旅游。我突然想到要到欧洲旅游。An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.今天早晨起床时，我突然想到一个绝妙的主意。今天早晨起床时，我突然想到一个绝妙的主意。I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police?我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧？我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧？【链接训练链接训练】Why are you so late?I was in half the way when it _ to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.Aoccurred BhitChappened Dreminded【解解析析】It occurred to sb.that.意意为为“某某人人突突然然想想起起”。后后半半句句句句意意为为：我我在在半半路路突突然然想想起起我我把把笔笔记记本本忘忘在在家里了，所以只好回去取。家里了，所以只好回去取。【答案答案】A用用happen，occur，take place完成句子完成句子How did the accident happen?Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.It so happened that I had no money with me.Great changes have taken place in China in the last 20 years.4strike(struck；struck/stricken)vt.打打；(灾灾难难、暴暴风风雨雨等等)袭袭击击；侵侵袭袭；使使突突然然发发生生；到到达达vt.&vi.碰碰上上，碰碰撞撞；突突然然想想到到vt.给给以以印印象象；打打动动某某人人的的心心(常常用用被被动动结结构构)；感感动动vt.(钟钟)敲响；划敲响；划(火柴火柴)n罢工罢工归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)strike sb.in/onthe身体部位打某人某处身体部位打某人某处be struck by/on/on/with.被被打动，迷恋打动，迷恋(2)be on strike在罢工在罢工go on strike举行罢工举行罢工例例句句：Many people didnt have any preparation in their minds when the earthquake struck the city.当地震袭击城市时，很多人根本没有思想准备。当地震袭击城市时，很多人根本没有思想准备。The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.游游客们被乡村的美丽打动了。客们被乡村的美丽打动了。The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village.当我到达村庄时，教堂的钟敲了当我到达村庄时，教堂的钟敲了11下。下。A snowball struck him on the head.一个雪球打在他的头上。一个雪球打在他的头上。A good idea struck the manager.经理忽然想到了一个好主意。经理忽然想到了一个好主意。Within half an hour，all the drivers were out on strike.半个小时内，所有的司机都出去罢工了。半个小时内，所有的司机都出去罢工了。【链接训练链接训练】I washed it in hot water.It never_to me to check the label.Astruck Bhappened Coccurred Drealized【解解析析】句句意意为为：我我用用热热水水把把它它洗洗了了，根根本本没没想想到到去去看看一一下下标标签签。It never occurred to me that.“我我没没有有想想到到”，符合题意。，符合题意。【答案答案】C5ruin vt.毁毁坏坏，使使破破产产n毁毁坏坏，毁毁灭灭；破破产产，垮垮台台；(pl.)废墟；遗迹废墟；遗迹归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)ruin oneself毁掉自己毁掉自己(2)in ruins成为废墟成为废墟be the ruin of成为成为毁灭毁灭/堕落的原因堕落的原因bring.to ruin使使毁灭；使毁灭；使没落没落go to/fall to/fall to/come to ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉例例句句：He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career.酒精和毒品几乎毁掉了他的事业。酒精和毒品几乎毁掉了他的事业。Whole blocks of the city were in ruins after war.战后这座城市所有的街区成为一片废墟。战后这座城市所有的街区成为一片废墟。【链接训练链接训练】The houses across the street are _，but they were in good condition a few years ago.Ain rows Bin ruinsCin number Din detail【解解析析】in rows意意为为“成成行行，成成排排”；in ruins意意为为“毁毁坏坏，破破败败不不堪堪”；in number意意为为“总总共共”；in detail意意为为“详细地详细地”。只有。只有B项符合句意。项符合句意。【答案答案】B6damage n损害，破坏损害，破坏vt.使使受损；破坏受损；破坏归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)the damage to.对对的损害的损害do/cause damage to sth.对对某某物物造造成成损损害害；使使某某物物受受到到损损害害costs for damage损害赔偿费损害赔偿费(2)damage ones health/reputation/reputation损害某人的健康损害某人的健康/ /名誉名誉例句：例句：The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.暴风雨使庄稼遭受了很大损失。暴风雨使庄稼遭受了很大损失。The earthquake badly damaged the bridge.地震使这座桥遭受严重破坏。地震使这座桥遭受严重破坏。【链接训练链接训练】用用damage，destroy与与ruin填空填空I damaged my shoes in football practice today.The building was completely destroyed by fire.She poured some ink all over my new drawing and ruined it. 1pick up 拾拾起起，拿拿起起；(无无意意中中)学学会会、获获得得信信息息；收收听听，收收到到；收收拾拾，整整理理；(车车辆辆等等)中中途途搭搭人人，中中途途载载货货；取取物物；加速加速归纳拓展归纳拓展pick at一点儿一点儿地吃一点儿一点儿地吃pick on选择；针对；挑中选择；针对；挑中(某人某人)(作挨骂或受罚对象作挨骂或受罚对象)pick out选出；认出选出；认出例例句句：Lets pick up the room before the meeting starts at two oclock.让我们在两点钟开会前把这房间整理好。让我们在两点钟开会前把这房间整理好。The women picked up the babies in the nursery on their way home from the factory.妇女们在从工厂回家的路上到托儿所接回她们的孩子。妇女们在从工厂回家的路上到托儿所接回她们的孩子。You are great to have picked up French when you were in France.你居然在法国时自己学会了法语，真了不起。你居然在法国时自己学会了法语，真了不起。I pick up BBC English every day.我每天收听我每天收听“英国英国BBC”广播。广播。The conductor urged the band to pick it up.乐队指挥要求乐队加快演奏的速度。乐队指挥要求乐队加快演奏的速度。【链接训练链接训练】I_a flu when I was on a spring outing with my classmates.Acaught up Bpicked upCtook up Dbrought up【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语。catch up意意为为“追追赶赶，赶赶上上”；pick up意意为为“捡捡起起，获获得得，学学会会，染染上上”；take up意意为为“拿拿起起，从从事事，占占据据”；bring up意意为为“培培养养，提提出出”。根根据据句意句意“和我的同班同学春游的时候，我染上了流感和我的同班同学春游的时候，我染上了流感”可知选可知选B。【答案答案】BShe _ Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely.Apicked out Bmade outCmade up Dpicked up【解解析析】pick up此此处处意意为为“(无无意意中中)学学会会”。句句意意为为：她在日本时偶然学会了日语。现在她说得很流利。她在日本时偶然学会了日语。现在她说得很流利。【答案答案】D2end up in以以结束，以结束，以告终告终归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)end (up) in failure/victory/victory/a draw以以失失败败/ /胜胜利利/ /平平局局结结束束(强调在某种结果中结束，用强调在某种结果中结束，用in)end (up) with good wishes以以美美好好的的祝祝愿愿结结尾尾(end up with多指以某种方式结束多指以某种方式结束)end up结果为结果为，以，以结束结束(尤指意料之外尤指意料之外)(2)on end竖立，笔直地，连续地竖立，笔直地，连续地come to an end到头了，结束了到头了，结束了put/bring.to an end使使终止终止from beginning to end从头到尾，自始至终从头到尾，自始至终例句：例句：Hell end up in prison if hes not careful.如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。The film ended up with the heroine dying.在电影结束时，女主角去世了。在电影结束时，女主角去世了。The meeting came to an end.会议结束了。会议结束了。【链接训练链接训练】On Christmas eve, the English evening_singing the song “The Unforgettable Tonight”Acame up Bdrew upCran up Dended up【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语辨辨析析。come up“走走近近，被被提提出出，被被提提及及”；draw up“起起草草；拟拟定定；停停止止”；run up“积积欠欠账账款款、债债务务，累累计计”；end up“以以结结束束”。句句意意为为：在在平平安安夜夜，英英语语晚晚会会以以一一首首难难忘忘的的夜夜晚晚歌歌曲曲结结束束。根根据据题题意意可可知知答答案为案为D项。项。【答案答案】D3in all总共，总计总共，总计归纳拓展归纳拓展above all首先，最重要的是首先，最重要的是after all毕竟，终究毕竟，终究at all在在肯肯定定句句、疑疑问问句句中中意意为为“竟竟然然，终终于于”；在在否否定定句句中中意意为为“一一点点儿儿也也不不，根根本本不不”；在在if引引导导的的条条件件句句中中，意意为为“既然既然”。first of all首先，最先首先，最先例例句句：You have four apples and I have three bananas，making seven pieces of fruit in all.你有你有4个苹果，我有个苹果，我有3个香蕉，总共有个香蕉，总共有7个水果。个水果。He doesnt go to see his father often，after all，he is very busy with his work.他不常去看他的父亲，毕竟他是忙于工作。他不常去看他的父亲，毕竟他是忙于工作。Well，first of all we cant possibly spare the time.你看，最主要的是我们实在抽不出时间。你看，最主要的是我们实在抽不出时间。【链接训练链接训练】There were more than two hundred people _ at his wedding ceremony.Aafter all Bin allCat all Dabove all【解解析析】in all“总总共共”；after all“毕毕竟竟”；at all“竟竟然然，终终于于；根根本本不不”；above all“最最重重要要的的是是”。句句意意为为：总总共共有有200多人出席他的结婚典礼。多人出席他的结婚典礼。【答案答案】BAlthough he had to spend lots of money for going to the ball，he accepted the invitation._ the ball was important to him.AAfter all BIn allCFirst of all DAbove all【解解析析】句句意意为为：尽尽管管去去参参加加这这个个舞舞会会要要花花很很多多钱钱，他他还还是是接接受受了了邀邀请请。毕毕竟竟，这这个个舞舞会会对对他他来来说说很很重重要要。after all“毕毕竟竟，终终究究”，符符合合题题意意。in all“总总共共，总总计计”；first of all“首先首先”；above all“最重要的是最重要的是”。【答案答案】A1On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美美国国每每年年平平均均会会发发生生800多多次次龙龙卷卷风风，造造成成大大约约80多多人人死死亡，亡，1 500人受伤。人受伤。归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)句中的现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。句中的现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。(2)分词作状语，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。逻辑分词作状语，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。逻辑主主语语与与分分词词是是主主动动关关系系时时，用用现现在在分分词词；是是被被动动关关系系时时，用过去分词。用过去分词。(3)现现在在分分词词短短语语作作状状语语，还还可可以以表表示示时时间间、条条件件、原原因因、伴随等。伴随等。例句：例句：He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。他出去后将门随手关上。He died，leaving his wife with five children.他死了，留下他妻子和五个孩子。他死了，留下他妻子和五个孩子。【链接训练链接训练】The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_in the natural light during the day.Ato let Bletting Clet Dhaving let【解解析析】句句意意为为：在在入入口口处处，玻玻璃璃门门已已取取代代了了木木门门，这这样样白白天天自自然然光光便便可可照照射射进进来来。A项项to let动动词词不不定定式式作作目目的的状状语语时时，其其前前不不用用逗逗号号与与主主句句隔隔开开；作作结结果果状状语语常常以以only to do形形式式出出现现；C项项let为为动动词词原原形形，不不能能用用作作状状语语；D项项having let为为分分词词的的完完成成时时态态，表表示示动动作作在在主主句句动动词词所所表表达达的的动动作作之之前前已已完完成成，不不合合题题意意；B项项letting现现在在分分词词作作结结果果状状语语，符符合合题题意，故选意，故选B。【答案答案】BThe direct flight has proved successful，_Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland.Amade BmakingCmake Dmakes【解解析析】考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词用用法法。making作作结结果果状状语语，相相当当于于which makes.。句句意意为为：直直达达航航班班证证明明是是非非常常成成功功的的，这使得台湾成了大陆人们旅游的又一目的地。这使得台湾成了大陆人们旅游的又一目的地。【答案答案】B2 Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean，only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.蒙蒙塞塞拉拉特特岛岛是是加加勒勒比比海海上上的的一一个个美美丽丽的的小小岛岛，仅仅长长16千千米，宽米，宽10千米。千米。归纳拓展归纳拓展表示表示“长、宽、深、高、厚、年龄长、宽、深、高、厚、年龄”等的句型：等的句型：(1)主主 语语 be 数数 词词 单单 位位 词词 复复 数数 形形 容容 词词 (如如long/wide/wide/high/tall/tall/thick/deep/deep/old等等)(2)主主 语语 be 数数 词词 单单 位位 词词 复复 数数 in 名名 词词 (如如length/width/width/height/depth/depth/age等等)(3)This is a数词单位词单数形容词名词数词单位词单数形容词名词例句：例句：The bridge is 200 metres long.The bridge is 200 metres in length.这座桥长这座桥长200米。米。This is a 200metrelong bridge.这是一个长这是一个长200米的桥。米的桥。【链接训练链接训练】The two boys are both 1.80 metres _ height，but they are not _ the same age.Ain；of Bof；in Cof；of Din；in【解解析析】空空一一考考查查“主主语语be数数词词单单位位词词复复数数in名名词词”；空空二二考考查查“beof名名词词”，两两者者都都用用来来描描述述人人或事物的特征。或事物的特征。【答案答案】A1过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态(1)过过去去完完成成时时由由“助助动动词词had过过去去分分词词”构构成成。用用法法如下：如下：表表示示在在过过去去某某一一时时间间或或动动作作之之前前已已经经发发生生了了的的动动作作。它它表表示示这这个个动动作作发发生生的的时时间间是是“过过去去的的过过去去”；这这一一过过去去时时间间可可用用by，at，before等等构构成成的的短短语语或或when，after，until等等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。例例句句：By the time he was twelve，Edison had begun to make a living by himself.到了到了12岁时，爱迪生已经开始自己谋生了。岁时，爱迪生已经开始自己谋生了。表表示示从从过过去去某某一一时时间间开开始始，延延续续到到过过去去另另一一时时间间的的动动作作。这这个个动动作作可可能能还还要要延延续续下下去去。常常和和for或或since引引导导的的表表示示一段时间的短语或从句连用。一段时间的短语或从句连用。例例句句：He had lived in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston.他搬到波士顿之前在纽约住了十年。他搬到波士顿之前在纽约住了十年。用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句。用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句。例例句句：If he had seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.如果他昨天看见你，他就会问这件事了。如果他昨天看见你，他就会问这件事了。用在间接引语或宾语从句中。用在间接引语或宾语从句中。放放在在像像said，told，thought，wondered等等动动词词过过去去时时的的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的行为。后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的行为。例句：例句：My friend told me that he had passed the exam.我的朋友告诉我他已经通过了考试。我的朋友告诉我他已经通过了考试。用用在在“It was the first/second time that.”句句型型中中。此此句型中主句用一般过去时，句型中主句用一般过去时，that引导的从句用过去完成时。引导的从句用过去完成时。例例句句：It was the first time (that) we had spoken together.这是我们第一次在一起说话。这是我们第一次在一起说话。(2)过过去去完完成成时时的的被被动动式式表表示示动动作作在在过过去去某某一一时时刻刻或或某某一一动动作作之之前前已已完完成成，且且谓谓语语动动词词与与发发出出这这一一动动作作的的主主语语存存在在被被动动关关系系。句句中中常常用用by，before，until，when等等词词引引导导时时间间状状语。其结构为语。其结构为“主语主语had been done其他其他”。与与by过去时间搭配的被动语态用过去完成时。过去时间搭配的被动语态用过去完成时。例例句句：By the time he got to the school，the first period had been finished.当他赶到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。当他赶到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。在在say，report，ask等等动动词词之之后后的的宾宾语语从从句句中中，若若表表示示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。例例句句：The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane.媒体报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。媒体报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。根根据据语语意意可可以以判判断断出出动动作作先先后后的的被被动动语语态态，用用过过去去完完成时。成时。例例句句：As the assignment had been done，he went on to search the Internet.因为作业已经完成，他上网查阅一些资料。因为作业已经完成，他上网查阅一些资料。 【链接训练链接训练】It was reported that Mr Smith_by the police for driving his car while drunk.Akilled Bhad been shotCcaught Dhad been caught【解解析析】句句意意为为：据据报报道道，史史密密斯斯先先生生由由于于醉醉酒酒时时开开车车，被被警警察察逮逮捕捕了了。catch发发生生在在reported之之前前，故故应应用用过过去去完成时。完成时。B项与语意不符。项与语意不符。【答案答案】DI was shocked to hear that your house _into.Awas broken BbrokeChad been broken Dhave been broken【解解析析】首首先先break这这个个动动作作发发生生在在was shocked之之前前，即即过过去去的的过过去去；又又house与与break into之之间间存存在在被被动动关关系系，故故应应该用过去完成时的被动语态，答案为该用过去完成时的被动语态，答案为C。【答案答案】CHis earlier concert in Shanghai _ a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer _ a concert on the mainland.Ais；held Bwas；heldChad been；would hold Dwas；had held【解解析析】句句意意为为：他他在在上上海海举举办办的的较较早早的的音音乐乐会会取取得得了了巨巨大大的的成成功功。这这是是台台湾湾歌歌手手第第一一次次在在大大陆陆举举办办音音乐乐会会。由由earlier可可知知his concert是是在在过过去去举举办办的的，故故使使用用一一般般过过去去时时。在在“It/This/Thisis/is/wasthe序序数数词词time”引引导导的的从从句句中中常常使使用用完完成成时时态态，由由was可可确确定定从从句句中中谓谓语语动动词词使使用用过过去去完完成成时时，故答案为故答案为D。【答案答案】DThe play _ on for quite some time when we arrived at the New Theatre.Ahad already been Bhas already beenCwas Dwould be【解解析析】句句意意为为：当当我我们们到到达达新新剧剧院院时时，那那个个戏戏剧剧已已开开演演了了一一段段时时间间了了。由由句句意意可可知知be on发发生生在在过过去去的的动动作作arrived之前，故应用过去完成时，答案为之前，故应用过去完成时，答案为A。【答案答案】A2间接引语间接引语当当句句子子从从直直接接引引语语变变为为间间接接引引语语时时，应应特特别别注注意意各各部部分分的变化。的变化。(1)时态变化时态变化若主句谓语动词为现在时，间接引语的动词时态不变。若主句谓语动词为现在时，间接引语的动词时态不变。若若主主句句谓谓语语动动词词为为过过去去时时的的时时候候，间间接接引引语语动动词词的的时时态变化如下：态变化如下：现在时现在时过去时过去时过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时注注意意：表表示示真真理理或或客客观观事事实实，间间接接引引语语中中谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态不变。态不变。(2)时间状语、地点副词、指示代词、动词的变化时间状语、地点副词、指示代词、动词的变化直直接接引引语语变变为为间间接接引引语语，某某些些代代词词、形形容容词词、副副词词要要发发生变化。生变化。nowthenagobeforetodaythat daytomorrownext dayheretherethisthatthesethosecomegobringtake(3)人称的变化人称的变化直直接接引引语语变变为为间间接接引引语语，人人称称代代词词要要作作相相应应的的变变动动，使使其与谓语动词的人称一致。其与谓语动词的人称一致。He said ，“Im happy.” He said that he was happy.他说：他说：“我很开心。我很开心。”他说他很开心。他说他很开心。(4)必要的连词必要的连词陈述句用陈述句用that连接连接一般疑问句用一般疑问句用if或或whether特殊疑问句用相应的特殊疑问词特殊疑问句用相应的特殊疑问词【链接训练链接训练】Youre saying _ everyone should be equal，and this is where I disagree.Awhether Bthat Cwhat Dif【解解析析】句句意意为为：你你说说的的众众生生平平等等，我我不不敢敢苟苟同同。在在转转述述别别人人所所说说的的陈陈述述句句时时，用用that引引导导的的名名词词性性从从句句表表示示。whether/if引引导导的的名名词词性性从从句句用用来来转转述述一一般般疑疑问问句句，用用what等等疑问词引导的名词性从句来转述特殊疑问句。疑问词引导的名词性从句来转述特殊疑问句。【答案答案】BI didnt tell him _.Ahow long I have marriedBwhen I had been marriedChow long I had marriedDwhen I got married【解解析析】因因为为marry是是短短暂暂性性动动词词，所所以以选选项项A、C表表述述错错误误；又又因因为为when引引导导的的从从句句变变间间接接引引语语时时，从从句句的的时时态态不变，不需要改为过去完成时，所以选不变，不需要改为过去完成时，所以选D。【答案答案】D将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语“I dont want to set down a series of facts in my diary，”said Anne.Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in her diary.“Where do you usually have lunch ？” he asked me.He asked me where I usually had lunch.