书面表达书面表达 -A letter of giving advice 写作要点：写作要点：1.建议信：建议信：作者就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。2. 对象：对象：1）写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；2）写给某个组织和机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。3. 基本框架：基本框架：开头（开头（beginning）- 开门见山，向对方陈开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点述自己的观点.(state your idea)主体主体(body)- 对所提出的问题进行分析并说对所提出的问题进行分析并说明理由，接着提出自己的建议明理由，接着提出自己的建议(reasons and evidence)结尾结尾(ending)- 呼应开头，重申观点呼应开头，重申观点(restate your opinion.)4. 注意事项：注意事项：1）建议信要写出写信的建议信要写出写信的原因原因，建议的，建议的内容内容，提出，提出建议的建议的理由理由，提出的，提出的理由要入情入理理由要入情入理，语气一定要，语气一定要礼貌当先礼貌当先。因此建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、。因此建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力具有合理性和说服力2）建议的建议的角度要多样化角度要多样化，避免重复。可从政治、，避免重复。可从政治、经济、文化、伦理、法律以及个人等多角度给出建经济、文化、伦理、法律以及个人等多角度给出建议。议。3）符合英文信件的符合英文信件的基本格式基本格式常用套语常用套语A建议信开头常用句式建议信开头常用句式(照应材料照应材料,表明写作意图表明写作意图)1After I read your letter in the newspaper, I am sorry to know that 2I am very glad to hear that you want to3Knowing you have trouble inafter reading your letter4.I am writing to you for the purpose of -5. I am writing to share some advice with you.6. You have asked me for my advice with regard toand Ill try to make some conductive suggestions.7. You have asked me for my advice about English learning.B. 表达建议（表达建议（body）1.first，firstly，secondlythen，after that，in the endfinallyMeanwhile, whats more2 .I think it would be more beneficial if you could 3. I would like to suggest/recommend that4. If I were you, I would5. You may consider doing6. It would seem to me that you could7. In my opinion, it would be wise to take the following action.8. I wonder if you have considered the following.9. When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you canC.建议信结尾常用句式建议信结尾常用句式 1. I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration.2. I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/recommendations practical/useful/helpful.3. I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.4. I would appreciate it very much if you could consider my suggestions.5. I feel that it would be beneficial if you stick to it.6. In the end, I will be glad if you find my suggestions useful.4 4：建议信常用常用关联词：建议信常用常用关联词1. 表示表示总结总结/归纳归纳的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:in a/ one word, altogether, all in all, on the whole, to sum up/ conclude/ summarize, in conclusion/ summary/ sum, in short2. 表示表示递进递进/ 增补增补的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语moreover ; whats more; besides; in addition; also; whats worse; worse still; even worse; to make matters/ it worse; even; again; as well (as); apart from; too/ either; further more; not onlybut also; and ; neithernor; both and 3. 表示表示转转折折/让让步步的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:but; however; yet; although; even if/ though; Even so/ not; whatever.; however.; . as.; despite; in spite of; regardless of; while.; on the one hand, but on the other hand, ; after all; some, but others; otherwise; for one thing., but for another (thing).4. 表示表示原因原因的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:because, since, as, for, now that, because of, thanks to, due to（由于）（由于）, owing to（由于）（由于）, in view of, on account of（考（考虑虑到）到）, as a result/ consequence of（由于（由于的原因）的原因）5. 表示表示结结果果的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:so, thus, therefore, consequently, accordingly, as a result/ consequence, so that, for this reason, the reason for/ why.is that.6. 表示表示条件条件的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:if, unless , as long as, on condition that., once.7. 表示表示时间时间的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:(and) then, after that, next, finally, eventually, later, in the end, recently, at the same time, (in the) meanwhile, at first, at last, from now on, until/ till, afterwards, on/ upon doing, shortly/ soon after, before long, at the beginning of8. 表示表示论论述述顺顺序关系序关系的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语: first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, to begin/ start with, last but not least, lastly9. 表示表示解解释说释说明明的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:in other words; that is (to say); namely; ., which means10. 表示表示进进行行举举例例说说明明的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:for instance, for example, such as, like, examples include., .and so on, and/ or the like, take. for example11. 表示表示比比较对较对比比的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:instead; instead of; meanwhile; on the contrary; unlike; different from.; as. as.; on the one hand, and on the other hand, ; some, and/ while others; . while.; for one thing., and for another (thing).; similarly; equally; similar to.; in the same way/ manner 12. 表示表示强强调调事事实实的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语:in fact/ reality/ truth/ practice, to tell you the truth, to be honest/ frank/ sure, as a matter of fact, honestly speaking, actually, above all, after all, anyway, anyhow, certainly/ surely, indeed, really, especially, in particular, truly, importantly, most important, obviously, only/ just/ simply/ merely, without doubt/ out of question（毫无疑问）（毫无疑问）13. 表示表示选择选择的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语：either. or., or, or else, otherwise14. 表示表表示表目的目的的的过过渡渡词词或短或短语语：for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to, with the purpose of5. 5. 尝试使用多样化的句式尝试使用多样化的句式1.定定语语从句从句e.g. I suggest that you should take a deep breath before you give a speech, which will be helpful to make you relaxed.2. 主主语语从句从句e.g. What I want to advise you to do first is to make a specific plan for your travelling in China.3. 表表语语从句从句e.g. The reason why I write to you is that I want to share some suggestions with you.4. 强强调调句型句型/倒装句型倒装句型e.g. Only by communicating with your parents, can you know what they are thinking about.5. 5. 尝试使用多样化的句式尝试使用多样化的句式5. 虚虚拟语拟语气气e.g. If I were you, I would put up posters about Chinese Kongfu on campus so as to let students in our school know more about it.6. 非非谓语动词谓语动词e.g. I am delighted to know that you want to set up a Chinese Kongfu club, letting more people know more about Chinese culture.Delighted by your idea of setting up a Chinese Kongfu club, I am ready to share my advice with you. 假设你是某报社编辑，最近收到读者李华的一封来假设你是某报社编辑，最近收到读者李华的一封来信。信。信中李华提到自己在学习英语的过程中遇到了困信中李华提到自己在学习英语的过程中遇到了困难，这让他很苦恼。难，这让他很苦恼。请根据以上提示，写一篇请根据以上提示，写一篇回给李回给李华的建议信华的建议信，帮他解决困难，促进学习。，帮他解决困难，促进学习。 建议内容：建议内容： 1. 1. 不要灰心，保持良好心态；不要灰心，保持良好心态； 2. 2. 掌握学习方法；掌握学习方法； 3. 3. 培养对英语的兴趣爱好。培养对英语的兴趣爱好。注意：注意：1. 词数词数100左右；左右； 2. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 建议信写作范例建议信写作范例第一步：第一步：审题审题养成重养成重视审题视审题的的习惯习惯。高考。高考书书面表达面表达是半封闭性的写作，审题十分重要。现以样题为例，谈谈如何审题：思考的思考的问题问题样题样题分析分析第几人称？（第几人称？（person）文章的文章的体裁体裁是什么？是什么？要写的文章主要写的文章主题题是什么是什么 (topic)怎怎样样安排信息点的安排信息点的顺顺序？序？ (order)动动作是什么作是什么时时候候发发生的？生的？(时态时态) (when)第一人称第一人称书信书信对英语学习给出建议对英语学习给出建议说理的逻辑性说理的逻辑性一般现在时一般现在时第二步：构思第二步：构思-建议信结构及内容要点建议信结构及内容要点三段式：三段式：第一段：第一段： 点明主题：点明主题：表明写作意图表明写作意图， （有时要简单介绍自己）。（有时要简单介绍自己）。第二段：第二段： 陈述事实，提出建议，给出理由陈述事实，提出建议，给出理由 （是什么，为什么，怎么样）（是什么，为什么，怎么样）第三段：第三段： 总结全文，表明希望总结全文，表明希望草稿草稿修改修改誊写誊写审题审题建议信重点建议信重点第二段：第二段： 说明明建建议的内容的内容；（是什么）；（是什么） 提出具体建提出具体建议的的原因原因；（；（为什么）什么） 指出采指出采纳建建议的的益益处。（怎么。（怎么样）注意事注意事项：语言要委婉、礼貌，言要委婉、礼貌，顾及及对方感受。方感受。适当运用模板适当运用模板 Dear Li Hua, Ive received your letter, saying+ 你碰到的你碰到的问问题题. Im sorry to hear that you have such a difficult problem. My suggestions are as follows. Firstly, _, because_. Secondly, youd better_, because_. Thirdly, youd better _. Only in this way can you _. Whats more, _. I hope my suggestions will be helpful for you. Best wishes. Yours, xxx Dear Li Hua, Ive received your letter, saying you have some difficulties in learning English. Im sorry to hear that you have such a difficult problem. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. My suggestions are as follows. Firstly, you should listen to the teachers carefully in the class. Secondly, the best way to learn English is reading it well and knowing the meanings of it. Thirdly, you can speak English with your classmates and teachers, which can improve your listening and speaking abilities. Whats more, the most important advice is reading English books before the class and after the class. I hope my suggestions will be helpful for you. Best wishes. Yours, xxx 范文范文假如你是李华。你的朋友假如你是李华。你的朋友Bob 打算来中国旅游。希望得到你的建打算来中国旅游。希望得到你的建议。请给他发一封邮件。议。请给他发一封邮件。建建议议信信常用常用模板模板Dear1. I am delighted to learn that.2. It.3. In my opinion,.4. On the one hand,.5. On the other hand, 6. As to the, I suggest.7.If 8.It is unnecessary for you to9. In addition,.10.I am sure11.Please inform me 12.I am looking forward to Sincerely yours, Signature: 1写信的原因。写信的原因。2引出作者的建议。引出作者的建议。3表达建议内容。表达建议内容。4提出建议的理由一。提出建议的理由一。5建议的理由二。建议的理由二。6具体到某一方面的建议内容。具体到某一方面的建议内容。7供被建议人选择的条件。供被建议人选择的条件。8建议内容的另一方面。建议内容的另一方面。9其它的建议。其它的建议。10对建议内容的评价。对建议内容的评价。11. 对建议内容所做出的承诺。对建议内容所做出的承诺。12. 表达个人的愿望。表达个人的愿望。如何给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象如何给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象整整体体三三部部分分1.Heading点题；一两个句子；概括性；暗示性2. Body 中心记述部分；层次分明3. Ending 小结；呼应主题