Grammar & usageUnit 3 InversionThey went to the park last Sunday. Did they go to the park last Sunday？What does he like to read?He likes to read newspaper articles about social problems. Which ones are statements?Which ones are questions?Questions=inversionTelling the difference between them:英语句子的词序可以这样进行分类英语句子的词序可以这样进行分类:一一.正常词序正常词序 The boy comes here.二、倒装词序二、倒装词序1.主谓倒装主谓倒装2.非主谓倒装非主谓倒装A. 部分倒装部分倒装: Seldom does the boy come.提前助动词提前助动词/情态动词情态动词;be动词提前动词提前B. 全部倒装全部倒装:Here comes the boy.倒装句倒装句为了强调句子结构的需要，把谓语的一部分或为了强调句子结构的需要，把谓语的一部分或全部放在主语之前，主语和谓语倒置，就是倒全部放在主语之前，主语和谓语倒置，就是倒装结构。装结构。把谓语的全部放在主语前，称为全部把谓语的全部放在主语前，称为全部倒装；倒装；把谓语中的一部分，如助动词或情态动把谓语中的一部分，如助动词或情态动词放在主语前，称为部分倒装。词放在主语前，称为部分倒装。全部倒装：实意动词全部倒装：实意动词全部倒装：实意动词全部倒装：实意动词+ +主语主语主语主语部分倒装：助动词部分倒装：助动词部分倒装：助动词部分倒装：助动词/ /情态动词情态动词情态动词情态动词 + +主语主语主语主语 + + 实意动词实意动词实意动词实意动词一一 全部倒装全部倒装1. 以以There / Here / Out / In / Away / Up / Down开头开头地点状语放在句首的句子地点状语放在句首的句子,主语是名词。主语是名词。 .1)Here comes the bus.2)The door burst open and in rushed the crowd.注意注意: 当主语是人称代词时当主语是人称代词时,以以There / Here / Up / Down / Away / In / Out 开头的句子开头的句子,主谓不要倒装主谓不要倒装. (Here are the keys) Here they are.1. There _. And here _. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come sheAFrom the valley came a gun shot.Opposite the street stood the cinema2.表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首，这时表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首，这时谓语动词为谓语动词为vi，主语必须是名词。，主语必须是名词。2. Near the church _ cottage. A. was such an old B. had a so old C. was such old a D. is so an oldA3.强调表语，或者为了保持句子平衡时将表语置于句首。结构为：表语+连系动词+主语Present at the meeting were 1000 students.形容词+系动词+主语Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.过去分词+系动词+主语In front of the playground is a newlybuilt house.介词短语+系动词+主语 主谓倒装主谓倒装1 1. “ Only + 状语状语 ” 放在句首时放在句首时 二二. 部分倒装部分倒装 (像疑问句那样主谓倒装)(In this way you can get close to the animal.)Only in this way can you get close to the animal. 3.Only in this way _ make progress in your English.A. you can B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to4.Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a discussion.A.they reached B.did they reachC.They reach D.do they reachBBShe worries so much about her son that she cant fall asleep at night.So much does she worry about her son that she cant fall asleep at night.2. 把把sothat句型中的句型中的 “so +adj./adv.” 移到句首时移到句首时,主句的主谓必须主句的主谓必须部分倒装部分倒装 .5. So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyoneB. did she speak; everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyoneD. she spoke; everyone couldB1)Never can TV sets take the place of cinemas 2)No more did he care what his friends thought about him.3)Not until liberation was he set free.4)Hardly had he gone to bed when the telephone rang.5)At no time during his speech did he mention the mistake he had made.6) Not only did he quarrel with the shop assistant, but also he refused to pay for it.否定副词否定副词(词组词组)：seldom, hardly, scarcely, few, little, never, at no time, by no means, at no time ，not,not untilhardly/scarcelywhen,3.当否定词、半否定词或否定词组放在句首时。当否定词、半否定词或否定词组放在句首时。当当not only but also 连接两个句子时连接两个句子时,前句部前句部 分倒装分倒装,后句不倒；后句不倒；nosoonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen放在句首时。放在句首时。6._himself wrong, but his friends were wrong. A. Not was only heB. Not only heC. Not only was heD. Not only was7.At no time _ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.A they actually broke B do they acyually break C did the actually break D they had actually brokenCC4.肯定句肯定句, so +部分倒装部分倒装 (与前句相同的部分经常被省略与前句相同的部分经常被省略)否定句否定句, nor /neither +部分倒装部分倒装 (相同部分经常被省略相同部分经常被省略)(I have never been abroad and my wife has never been abroad, either. )I have never been abroad. Nor/neither has my wife. 注意：注意：“So + 主谓部分倒装主谓部分倒装” 表示表示 “也也” ; “So + 主谓不倒装主谓不倒装” 表示表示 “确实确实” If he goes to see you off at the airport, so will I.- I hear Tom sat up far into the night.- So he did.8. Its burning hot today, isnt it? Yes. _ yesterday.A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it A5.5.在虚拟语气条件从句中，从句的位于动词有在虚拟语气条件从句中，从句的位于动词有were,had,shouldwere,had,should时，可将时，可将ifif省掉，把省掉，把were,should,hadwere,should,had移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。(If I had been born a few years earlier, I would go to the front to fight for the liberation of the people.)1)Had I been born a few years earlier, I would go to the front to fight for the liberation of the people. ( Your wife would not be pleased to hear that if she were here now. )2) Your wife would not be pleased to hear that were she here now.9._ a little earlier,you could have got a copy of his latest book.A.If you would come B.If you arrivedC.Should you arrive D.Had you arrivedD 三三. . 当当as表示表示”虽然虽然”、 “尽管尽管”时时,可以将表语可以将表语(状语状语或主要动词倒装或主要动词倒装)放在从句的句首放在从句的句首.1) Though they were tired, Alice and Jane sat up very late to see the new year come.2) Although he is a hero, he has some shortcomings. 3) Though they worked very hard, they didnt finish the task ahead of time.4) Though he will try, he will not succeed.Tired as they were, Alice . ( 表语倒装表语倒装) (或或:Tired though they were, Alice .)Hero as he is , he has some shortcomings.(表语倒装）表语倒装）Hard as they worked, they didnt (状语倒装状语倒装)Try as he will, he will not succeed. （动词倒装）（动词倒装）10.Unsatisfied _ with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience. A though was he B though he was C he was though D was he though B主谓主谓(5+1)非主谓非主谓(1)部分倒装部分倒装:全部倒装：全部倒装：倒倒倒倒 装装装装 句句句句1.否定否定状语开头状语开头2. “也也”：So /neither/ nor” 3. 仅仅仅仅：Only+ 状语，状语，4. 如此如此：so/suchthat5. 虚拟虚拟条件从句中条件从句中6. Here / Out / In / Away / Up/Then/ 等开头全部倒装等开头全部倒装7.Though；as: 虽然虽然