真题解析Passage One生词释义1. bull: 1)牛 2）（文中含义） 牛市2. run: 时期， 一段时间* bull run: 牛市期3. dramatic: 戏剧化4. note: 1.（文中含义） 气氛 2. 笔记* on a dramatic note: 戏剧性地5. all but （two pieces）: 除.之外所有东西6. to fetch: 1）. （ 文中含义）售得（若干价钱）*The painting is expected to fetch at least $20 million.大家以为这幅画能够卖到最少 万美元。 2） 去（某个地方）取回 *Shannon went upstairs to fetch some blankets.香农去楼上取来部分毯子。7. auction： （名词）拍卖 * The house was sold at auction.房子拍卖出售。 auctioneer: 拍卖师8. to call out bids; 喊出拍卖报价9. to file for sth： 1） （文中含义）(法律上正式） 提出申请 * The Morrisons have filed for divorce： 莫里斯夫妇已经提出离婚。 # to file for bankruptcy: 提出破产申请# file a complaint/ lawsuit (against somebody) 针对sb提出投诉/诉讼l Mr Genoa filed a formal complaint against the department. Genoa先生正式投诉了这个部门。2）排队前行* We began to file out into the car park.我们开始排队进入停车场。*The mourners filed past the coffin.吊唁者排队通过棺材。The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, Beautiful Inside My Head Forever, at Sothebys in London on September 15th . All but two pieces sold, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. 在 9月15日伦敦苏富比拍卖行举行“在我心中， 漂亮永恒”拍卖会上， Damien Hirst56部作品成功售出， 伴随这些作品售出， 艺术品市场一个世纪以来最长牛市戏剧性地落幕了。 所有作品中只有两件没有售出， 销售额超出了7，000万英镑， 创造了单个艺术家拍卖纪录。 这是最后胜利。 （因为）就在拍卖师喊出报价时候， 纽约华尔街上历史最悠久银行之一雷曼弟兄申请破产。 10. momentum: （名词）势头， 力量 #gain/gather momentum 集聚力量， 发力* The campaign for reform should start to gather momentum in the new year.改革活动应当在新年发力。* Governments often lose momentum in their second term of office.一般政府在第二任期内会失去势头。11. peak: 1） 顶点 2）（文中含义）巅峰 # at ones peak: 在巅峰状态12. to reckon: 1）. 以为 think* Do you reckon hell agree to see us？ 你以为她会同意我们吗？2） （文中含义） 估算，估量 * We reckon that sitting in traffic jams costs us around $9 billion a year in lost output。 我们估算在交通堵塞中损失达每十二个月90亿美元。13. A is double B : A是B两倍14. ego: (名词) 自我15. greed: （名词） 贪婪 greedy: 贪婪16. controversy: （名词）争议 controversial: 有争议17. to match: （动词）1）.（文中含义） 和.相称* His strength is matched by his intelligence. 她力量和智慧相称。2） 和.相配We painted the cabinets green to match the rug. 我们把壁橱油漆成绿色和地毯相匹配。* Do you think this outfit matches? 你以为这套衣服搭配适当吗？注意： 我们不说“matches to” or “matches with another”. 而是说 “one thing matches another” or “two things match”.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since . At its peak in it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries. 世界艺术品市场在经历了 起急剧上升后， 一段时间以来其发展势头已经开始丧失。Clare McAndrew 是一家名叫Arts Economics,研究企业创始人， 她估量在 高峰期， 世界艺术品市场价值约为650亿美元， 是五年前两倍。 从那时起， 它价值也许已经降到500亿美元。 不过艺术品市场产生利益远远超出它自身规模， 因为它聚集了巨大财富、膨胀自我、贪婪、激情和争议。 其措施几乎没有哪个产业能和之相提并论。18. to stay away from: 远离19. sector: 领域， 部门20. guarantee: （名词） 确保金* In the weeks and months that followed Mr. Hirsts sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November . Within weeks the worlds two biggest auction houses, Sothebys and Christies, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them. 在Hirst作品拍卖会后多个星期和多个月里， 任何此类投资所有变得很不合时宜。 在艺术品领域， 这意味着收藏家远离了画廊和销售店。 当代艺术品销售额下降了三分之二， 而在最热门领域， 那一年销售额截止到 11月份下跌了近90%。 几周之内， 世界上两家最大拍卖行， 苏富比和佳士得， 不得不支付近两亿美元把那些早已把作品交和她们出售用户， 以作为担保费用。 21. downturn: （名词）下降， 衰退， 低迷 the current downturn: 目前低迷状态22. on average: 平均而言23. to fluctuate: 变动， 震荡fluctuant:： 变动， 震荡24. be confident that.或be confident about sth: 坚信 用名词形式话： to have confidence in sth.注意介词不一样样25. be at the bottom: 在底部The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christies chief executive, says: “Im pretty confident were at the bottom.” 目前艺术品市场下滑是自1989年终日本停止购置印象派作品以来最糟糕一次。 这一次， 教授估量平均价位相对于峰值来讲下降了大约百分之四十， 尽管有些价格波动幅度更大。 但佳士得首席实行官Edward Dolman说：“我们目前已处在谷底， 对此我深信不疑。”26. slump: （名词） 低潮， 锐减= downturn 27. to keep away: 远离= to stay away from What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the momen