定语从句义马市第一中学 范宝霞教学目标一、掌握定语从句中关系代词的使用。二、理解含有定语从句的复合句的意思。概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代在复合句中修饰名词或代词词 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when,why结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 句子句子关系词关系词关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom,whose关系副词关系副词: when, where, why关系代词：关系代词： 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人：who (主主/宾格宾格) that whom（宾格）（宾格）一一.关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词，关系，关系代词应用代词应用that、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which /that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which/that was lost has been found.Practice: 1.This is the house which/that is for sale.2.2. The book which /that is on the floor is mine.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）which / that 作宾语作宾语 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just received.Practice:1.This is the mistake (which /that) I always make.2. I still keep the letters (which )she wrote to me.3. I lost the pen (which) my father bought me.( ) （作宾语）（作宾语）二二.关系代词关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语引导的定语从句从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词或代词，是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用关系代词应用who, that (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)whom (作作宾语宾语)who / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语作主语)1.The boy who /that broke the window is called Roy.2.2. The girl who/that is watering the flowers is my cousin./ thatwho / whom / that 作宾语：作宾语：( 可省略可省略)The house in which I lived last year is his.2.The thief whom/who the police caught last night has been sent to prison.1.The boy who/whom/that I m looking for is my friend.(作宾语）作宾语）关系代词前有介词时指人用关系代词前有介词时指人用whom,指物用指物用which,不能省略。不能省略。The man with whom Mr. Green is talking is my father. 三三.Whose用法用法引导词后有名词，表所属时，用引导词后有名词，表所属时，用whose,whose 作定语作定语. The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate. I have a story book whose cover is red. I have a story book. Its cover is red.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿孤儿).A. who B. whose C. whos D. which四四.常见五种情况只能用常见五种情况只能用 that , 不用不用 which.1.当先行词是当先行词是 不定代词不定代词 all, any, few, much,little, none, something,anything, everything, 2. nothing , 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。3. Thats all that I know.4. Is there anything that I can do for you?5. He answered few questions that the teacher asked.6.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时7. That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 当先行词有当先行词有the very, the only, the same , no等修饰时等修饰时,用用that.Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。These buildings that were built last year are very beautiful.小结：关系代词的用法小结：关系代词的用法 关系词关系词先行词先行词从句成分从句成分关关系系代代词词人人主语主语人人宾语宾语人，物人，物定语定语人，物人，物主语宾语主语宾语物物主语宾语主语宾语Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.Theboy_isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail_Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5.Theman_hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein_wehavelivedfor10years.8.Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthings_youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings_theycouldntremember.2.Sayall_youknow.3.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.Thisisthefirstplay_IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine_weusedlastSunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句时时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat译格言（抢答）1、God help those who help themselves.2、He who laugh last laughs best.3、He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.4、He who is contest(满足) is always happy.链接中考()1.LiMeilikesthemovies_makepeoplekeeplaughing.A.thatB.whoC.whenD.how()2.Thisisthebag_mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this()3.Theonlylanguage_iseasytolearnisthemotherlanguage.A.whichB.thatC./D.it()4.Hetalkedaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.AthatBwhenCwhoDwhich()5.Theroom_windowsfacesouthismysisters.A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.where单项选择：AABAA()6.Ilikegroups_wearreallycoolclothes.AwhoseBthatCwhatDwhere()7.Thehousein_LuXunoncelivedisnowLuXunMuseum.A.whenB.whomC.whoD.which()8.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoB.whatC.whoseD.whom()9.Theyoungman_wemetyesterdayisournewbiologyteacher.A.whatB.whoseC.whomD.which()10.Thisisthegirldressisred.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whatBDACC( )11. I will tell you _ he told me last week.A.Which B. that C. all that D. All whichB.( )12. Dont talk about the things of _ you are not sure.C. A. which B. that C. those D. WhatD.( )13.He was the first person_ passed the exam.E. A. who B. whom C. that D. which F.( )14. Can you remember the things _ impressed you G. most in 2004?H. A. who B. what C. which D. whom I.( )15. Its the most funny program _ I have ever seen.J. A. that B. what C. which D. whereCACCA Thank you.