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一般过去时四种用法四种用法表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。例如:例如:Iwenttoschoolat7:00yesterdaymorning.我昨天早我昨天早晨七点去上学。晨七点去上学。表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。例如:例如:Shewasnotathomelastnight.她昨晚八点没在家。她昨晚八点没在家。表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often(经常经常)、always(总是总是)、sometimes(有时有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。等表示频率的时间状语连用。例如:例如:Heoftenhadlunchatschoollastmonth.他上个月他上个月经常在学校吃午饭。经常在学校吃午饭。表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。例如:例如:BaJinwrotealotofnovelsforus.巴金写了很多部巴金写了很多部小说。小说。四种时间状语四种时间状语yesterday及相关短语及相关短语。例如:例如:yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening昨昨天上午天上午/下午下午/晚上。晚上。“last+时间状语时间状语”构成的短语。构成的短语。例如:例如:lastnight/month/spring/year昨晚昨晚/上个月上个月/去年春天去年春天/去年。去年。“一段时间一段时间+ago”组成的短语。组成的短语。例如:例如:threedaysago三天以前三天以前fouryearsago四年以前。四年以前。“介词介词+时间名词时间名词”组成的短语。组成的短语。例如:例如:in1999在在1999年;年;onthemorningofDecember25th在在12月月25号早上。号早上。四种谓语动词的表现形式四种谓语动词的表现形式be动词的过去式动词的过去式was、were.例如:例如:Shewasateacherfiveyearsago.她五年前是一名教师。她五年前是一名教师。行为动词的过去式,分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的行为动词的过去式,分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则:构成遵循以下四个规则:1)直接在动词后加)直接在动词后加ed,例如:,例如:help-helped;want-wanted等;等;2)以不发音的字母)以不发音的字母e结尾时,去掉结尾时,去掉e加加ed(即直接加即直接加d),例如:例如:like-liked;use-used等;等;3)以辅音字母)以辅音字母y结尾时,把结尾时,把y变成变成i再加再加ed,例如:例如:carry-carried;study-studied等;等;4)以重读闭音节结尾,双写最后一个辅音字母再加)以重读闭音节结尾,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed,例如:例如:stop-stopped;shop-shopped等。等。而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了,而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了,例如:例如:go-went;come-came;buy-bought等。等。连系动词的过去式。连系动词的过去式。例如:例如:become-becameShebecameangry.她生气了。她生气了。情态动词的过去式情态动词的过去式+动词原形。动词原形。例如:例如:Icouldswimattheageoffive.我五岁时就会游泳了。我五岁时就会游泳了。四种句式的构成四种句式的构成一般过去时态的肯定句式一般过去时态的肯定句式“主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式+其它其它”例如:例如:Jennyboughtaskirtyesterday.詹妮昨天买了一件短詹妮昨天买了一件短裙。裙。一般过去时态的否定句式一般过去时态的否定句式“主语主语+didnt+动词原形动词原形+其它其它”例如:例如:Jennydidntbuyaskirtyesterday.詹妮昨天没有买短詹妮昨天没有买短裙。裙。一般过去时态的一般疑问句式一般过去时态的一般疑问句式“Did+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其其它它”例如:例如:DidJennybuyaskirtyesterday?詹妮昨天买短裙詹妮昨天买短裙了吗?了吗?一般过去时态的特殊疑问句式一般过去时态的特殊疑问句式“疑问词疑问词+did+主语主语+动词动词原形原形+其它其它”例如:例如:WhatdidJennybuyyesterday?詹妮昨天买了什么詹妮昨天买了什么?请写出下列动词的过去式。请写出下列动词的过去式。wantarriveenjoyshopbuyseebreakfallwantedarrivedenjoyedshoppedboughtsawbrokefell请在仔细诊断每个句子后,把正确的句子写在请在仔细诊断每个句子后,把正确的句子写在横线上。横线上。1.Weweregotoschoolearlyyesterday.2.Shewasbuyadresslastweek.3.Didyoulikedplayingfootball?4.-Didyouhaveagoodtrip?-No,Ididnt.5.Wedidntflewkiteslastmonth.Wewenttoschoolearlyyesterday.Sheboughtadresslastweek.Didyoulikeplayingfootball?-Didyouhaveagoodtrip?-Yes,Idid/No,Ididnt.Wedidntflykiteslastmonth.1.Shelivedtherebeforehe_toChina.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming2.I_but_nothing.A.waslistened;washearingB.listened;heardC.havelistened;heardD.listened;heardof3.Whendidyou_here?A.gottoB.reachedC.arriveinD.reach4.I_myhomeworkat7:00yesterdayevening.A.finishedB.wouldfinishC.wasfinishingD.finish5-Hedidntgoshoppingwithyouyesterdayafternoon,didhe?-_.A.No,hedoesntB.Yes,hedidntC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedid.6-Ihavehadsupper.-When_you_it?A.have;hadB.do,haveC.did,haveD.willhaveABDADC二填空1They_(be)onthefarmamomentago.2There_(be)ashopnotlongago.3Jenny_(notgo)tobeduntil11:00oclocklastnight.4Danny_(read)Englishfiveminutesago.5I_(see)LiLei_(go)outjustnow.werewasdidntgoreadsawgo6He_(do)hishomeworkeveryday.Buthe_(notdo)ityesterday.7WhenIwasyoung,I_(play)gameswithmyfriends.8When_you_(write)thisbook?I_itlastyear.9Didhe_(have)lunchathome?10I_(eat)thebread,Imfullnow.doesdidntdoplayeddidwrotehavewritehaveeaten()1.Themotheraskedtheboy_downtheladder,buthewenton_instead.A.come;climbingB.tocome;toclimbC.tocome;climbingD.coming;climbing()2.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoclosethewindows_thewindfrom_thepapersaway.A.tostop;blowingB.stopping;blowingC.tostop;blowD.stopped;blowCA()3.Thesickmanstayedinbed,_veryterrible.A.feltB.feelingC.isfeelingD.wasfeeling()4.YesterdayIheardastory_bymyfriend.A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tell()5.Theboywasmade_thereforanhourbyhisfather.A.standingB.standC.tostandD.standsBAC6.Isawhim_intothesmallstore.A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone7.Heraisedhisvoicetomakeeverybodyintheroom_himclearly.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard8.Ourgeographyteachertoldusyesterdaythattheearth_aroundthesun.A.wasmovingB.movedC.hasmovedD.movesBAD9.Oh,itsyou.ImsorryI_knowyou_here.A.dont;areB.didnt;areC.didnt;wereD.dont;were10.MrLuXundiedin1936.He_alotoffamousnovels.A.wroteB.waswritingC.haswrittenD.wouldwriteCA()11.-Howwasyourweekendonthefarm?-Great!We_withthefarmers.A.enjoyourselvesB.wentfishingC.willworkD.makefriends()12.-WhatdidMrJonesdobeforehemovedhere?-He_acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.A.isdrivingB.droveC.hasdrivenD.drives()13.Jane_anewdresseverymonthwhenshewasinShanghai.A.buysB.isbuyingC.boughtD.willbuyBBC()14.-LiuMeicantcometonight.-Why?Butshe_meshewouldcome.A.tellsB.toldC.istoldD.hadtold()15.Heturnedoffthelightandthen_.A.leavesB.hasleftC.willleaveD.leftBD1.I_(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2._she_(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_.3.What_Tom_(do)onSaturdayevening?He_(watch)TVand_(read)aninterestingbook.hadDidpracticedidntdiddowatchedread4.Theyall_(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She_(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She_(stay)athomeand_(do)somecleaning.didntvisitstayedwentdid6.When_you_(write)thissong?I_(write)itlastyear.7.Myfriend,Carol,_(study)forthemathtestand_(practice)Englishlastnight.8._Mr.Li_(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he_.9.How_(be)Jimsweekend?It_(benot)bad.10._(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she_.didwritewrotestudiedpracticedDiddodidwaswasntwaswasnt现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可以表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态1.肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他2.否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他3.一般疑问句:have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+have/has+not4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如:come,go,die,marry,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作,如live,study,be,wait等,常和since(自从)或for(经历)引导的词语连用。如:Ihavelivedhereformorethanthirtyyears.我已在此住了30多年。V.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。Isawthisfilmyesterday.(强调动作发生的时间是yesterday。)Ihaveseenthisfilm.(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)2一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:ago,lastweek/.In2008,inthepast,justnow,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterday.Then(那时),thatday,oneday,once(从前)现在完成时常和recently(近来),ever,never,twice,sofar(到目前为止),since,for,inthepast/lastfewyears,already(肯定句),yet(否定,疑问句),just(刚刚),before(以前)连用。现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.VI.比较since和forsince后接时间点,for后接时间段,试比较:Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.Myaunthasworkedinacompanysince1949.Ihavenotheardfrommyuncleforalongtime.1.Hisfatherhasbeendead_manyyears.2.Hehasbeenawayfromthearmy_sevenyearsbecauseofalegwound.forfor二、用since和for填空1._twoyears2._twoyearsago3._lastmonth4._19995._yesterday6._4oclock7._4hours9._wewerechildren11._shelefthere13.Iveknownhim_wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity_abouttenyears.16.Itsabouttenyears_sheleftthecity.forsincesincesincesincesinceforsincesincesinceforforsince1Haveyouever_(take)atrain?2It_(be)morethanthreeyearssinceJim_(leave)here.3Haveyou_(make)friendswithyournewclassmatesyet?4I_(have)mylunchandImnothungrynow.5Jimhasneverseenapanda,_he?6We_(be)goodfriendssincewemetatschool.7Wecantfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe_(go)home.takenhasbeenleftmadehavehadhashavebeenhasgone8He_(read)thebookbefore.9Mr.Green_(teach)usalotaboutsocialstudiessinceSeptember.10I_never_(meet)hersisterbefore.11.He_(work)inourschoolforfiveyear.12He_(come)toourschoollastyear/in2008.13.They_(cook)thesupperalready.14.They_(cook)thesupperhalfanhourago.hasreadhastaughthavemethasworkedcamehavecookedcookedSo+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语表“和上面的人做了同一件事情和上面的人做了同一件事情”Neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语表“否定”so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词表“同意前面人的观点同意前面人的观点”Neither+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词表否定1.Willyougoshoppingtonight?Ifyougo,_.A.sodoIB.sowillIC.soIgoD.thatIllgoB。根据会话语境可得知答句意为“如果你去购物的话,我也去”,应选B。2.IllgothereforavisitwithmyfamilyduringthelongholidayofMay._.A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.SowillID.SoIwillC。这里的主语虽然同是I,但根据上下文可确定它们不是指同一个人,故应用“so+助动词(be动词或情态动词)+主语”结构,再根据前句的时态可知答案应选C。3.Yoursisterworksveryhard,and_.A.soyouareB.soyoudoC.soareyouD.sodoyouD。前面说明“你姐姐学习很努力”,后面说到“你”和她一样“也很努力”,应用“so+助动词(be动词或情态动词)+主语”结构。根据前一句可确定应用助动词do,故D为正确答案。4.Doyouthinkitwillbecooltomorrow?_.Ithasbeentoohotforaweek.A.IhopesoB.ImafraidsoC.SoitisD.OfcoursenotA。由后面一句可判断出说话者的态度。由后面一句可判断出说话者的态度。5.WouldyouryoungerbrothergoforapicnicthisSunday?IfIdontgo,_.A.sodoesheB.sohewillC.neitherwillheD.neitherdoesheC。答句的意思是。答句的意思是“如果我不去,则他也不去如果我不去,则他也不去”,表示的是否定情况,应用,表示的是否定情况,应用“neither+助动词助动词(be动词或情态动词动词或情态动词)+主语主语”的句式。另外,的句式。另外,if条件从句是条件从句是一般现在时,则主句应为一般将来时,故一般现在时,则主句应为一般将来时,故C为正确答案。为正确答案。6.Johnlikeswalkingintheopenair._.A.SodoIB.AlsodoIC.IlikealsoD.SoIdo6.A。John与与I是两个人,应用是两个人,应用“so+助动词助动词(be动词或情态动词动词或情态动词)+主语主语”结构结构表示后者与前者情况相同。表示后者与前者情况相同。7.IwatchedtheTVprogrammelastnight._.A.SoIdoB.SoIdidC.SodidID.SodoI7.C。两句的主语都是。两句的主语都是I,但说话的人不同,指的人也就不同,故应用,但说话的人不同,指的人也就不同,故应用“so+助动词助动词(be动词或情态动词动词或情态动词)+主语主语”结构。上句动词为结构。上句动词为watched,下句应用,下句应用did。8.ShelikesChineseteawithnothinginit._.A.SoshedoesB.SodoessheC.ShedoessoD.Soisit8.A。下句中的。下句中的she即指上句中的即指上句中的she,故应用,故应用“so+主语主语+助动词助动词(be动词或动词或情态动词情态动词)”结构表示结构表示“她的确如此她的确如此”9.LastSundayFredwenttoAnnsbirthdayparty._.And_.A.Sodidhe,sodidIB.Sohedid,soIdidC.Sodidhe,soIdidD.Sohedid,sodidI9.D。第一空的。第一空的he指的是上文中的指的是上文中的Fred,应用,应用“so+主语主语+助动词助动词(be动词动词或情态动词或情态动词)”肯定对方所说的话;第二空的主语是肯定对方所说的话;第二空的主语是I,故用,故用“so+助动词助动词(be动词或情态动词动词或情态动词)+主语主语”表示表示“我也去参加了安的生日聚会我也去参加了安的生日聚会”。10.Ihavenevervisitedapaperfactory._.A.SohaveIB.SoIhaveC.NeitherhaveID.Ihaventnor。10.C。上句为否定情况,应用。上句为否定情况,应用“neither+助动词助动词(be动词或情态动词动词或情态动词)+主语主语”表示表示“我也未曾参观过造纸厂。我也未曾参观过造纸厂。1.IfJackswifewontgototheparty,_A.hewilleitherB.neitherwillheC.heneitherwillD.eitherhewill2.Youforgotyourclothes._Mary.A.sodidB.sowasC.didsoD.neitherdid3.IdontknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?_.A.nordontIB.neitherdoIC.IdontneitherD.Idontalso4.Thefishsmellsterrible!_.A.SodoesthemeatB.SothemeatdoesC.SodothefishD.SothemeatisBABC7.MissLidoesntdosomeshoppingonSundays._mymother.A.SodoBSodoesCNeitherdoesDSois8.Mylittlesisterhasnevergotuplate._they.A.SohasBNeitherhasCNeitherhaveDNeitherare9.HewatchesTVeverymorning._I.A.SodoBSodoesCNeitherdoDSoamCCA5.Jimwasinthesupermarketjustnow._hismother.A.neitherisB.neitherwasC.soisD.sowas10.WewillvisittheGreatWallintwodays._he.ASowillBneitherwillCSoareDNeitherareDA
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