Unit 2: Part A21st Century College English: Book 121st Century College English: Book 1Conversational Ballgames1UnitTwo:PartAUnitTwo:PartA Pre-ReadingActivities IntensiveStudy Exercises Assignment2Pre-ReadingActivitiesPre-ReadingActivities Pre-ReadingDiscussion Pre-Listening3Warming-upActivity:CaseStudyWarming-upActivity:CaseStudyCarlCarl waswas anan employeeemployee ofof anan internationalinternational companycompany andand heshesworkingworking inin JapanJapan now.now. HesHes veryvery pleasedpleased toto bebe invitedinvited toto a a partypartyshortlyshortly afterafter hishis arrivalarrival inin Japan,Japan, wherewhere mostmost ofof thethe guestsguests werewereJapanese.Japanese.AtAtthetheparty,party,everyoneeveryonewaswasexpectedexpectedtotoentertain,entertain,eveneventhetheseniorseniormanagersmanagersgotgotupuptotogivegivea asongsongorortelltella ajoke.joke.AllAllthethepeoplepeopleseemedseemed soso informalinformal andand cooperative,cooperative, farfar differentdifferent fromfrom thosethoseconventionalconventional, ,stuffyJapaneseCarlhadreadaboutbefore.stuffyJapaneseCarlhadreadaboutbefore.Read the following story and discuss in pairs or groups:Read the following story and discuss in pairs or groups:AtAta ameetingmeetingononthethenextnextdaydayafterafterthetheparty,party,CarlCarlfoundfoundthatthathehewaswasatatthethesamesameroom,room,togethertogetherwithwiththethepeoplepeoplewhowhohadhadcontributedcontributedtotothethemerrimentmerrimentofofthetheeveningeveningatatthetheparty.party.KeepingKeepingthetheinformalityinformalityinin mind,mind, CarlCarl usedused thethe meetingmeeting asas anan opportunityopportunity toto presentpresent a aproposal.proposal.AfterAfterCarlCarlbroughtbroughtupuphishisproposal,proposal,however,however,hehewaswasmetmetwithwitha awallwallofofsilencesilenceand,and,eveneventotothetheendendofofmeeting,meeting,nonooneonehadhadevereverofferedhimanyideaabouthisproposal.offeredhimanyideaabouthisproposal.CarlCarl totallytotally gotgot puzzledpuzzled withwith thethe responseresponse ofof hishis JapaneseJapanesecolleagues.Buthedidntknowwhatwaswrongwithit.colleagues.Buthedidntknowwhatwaswrongwithit.4Warming-upActivityWarming-upActivityAnalyzeandDiscuss:AnalyzeandDiscuss:Whats the real reason leading to Carls failure at the meeting?Whats the real reason leading to Carls failure at the meeting?Yourturntodecideon:Yourturntodecideon: CarlCarl failedfailed toto understandunderstand JapaneseJapanesespeechspeech onon informalinformal occasionsoccasions forfor hishis illillmasteryofJapaneselanguage.masteryofJapaneselanguage. CarlCarl usedused informalinformal languagelanguage onon formalformaloccasionoccasion(at(atthethemeeting),meeting),whichwhichupsetupsethishisJapaneseco-workers.Japaneseco-workers. CarlCarl didntdidnt realizerealize JapanesesJapaneses differentdifferentattitudesattitudes towardstowards workwork (meeting)(meeting) andandleisure(party).leisure(party).5Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListening conversationconversationcommentcomment ononbowlingbowlinglanelaneconnectconnectconverseconverseswitchswitchWords&PhrasesWords&Phrasesn n. . aninformaltalkinwhichpeopleaninformaltalkinwhichpeopleexchangenews,feelings,andthoughtsexchangenews,feelings,andthoughtsv v. . toexpressanopinionabouttoexpressanopinionaboutsomeoneorsomethingsomeoneorsomethingn n. . anindoorgame(anindoorgame(保龄球保龄球保龄球保龄球) )n n. .球道，车道；胡同，小巷球道，车道；胡同，小巷球道，车道；胡同，小巷球道，车道；胡同，小巷v v. . tojointwoormorethingstogethertojointwoormorethingstogetherv v. . totalkinformally,tohaveaconversationtotalkinformally,tohaveaconversationvi vi. . tochangetochange6Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListeningListentothefollowingpassage. First time:First time: Second Time:Second Time:7Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListening1. 1. WhatwasthemaincauseoftheproblemdiscussedWhatwasthemaincauseoftheproblemdiscussedinthelistening?inthelistening?A)ShewasusingaWesternstyleinconversationsA)ShewasusingaWesternstyleinconversationsamongtheJapanese.amongtheJapanese.B)B)SheSheinsistedinsistedononspeakingspeakingEnglishEnglisheveneventhoughthoughsheshewasinJapan.wasinJapan.C)ShespoketheJapaneselanguagepoorly.C)ShespoketheJapaneselanguagepoorly.D)ShewasanAmericanwomanmarriedtoaD)ShewasanAmericanwomanmarriedtoaJapaneseman.Japaneseman.A)ShewasusingaWesternstyleinconversationsA)ShewasusingaWesternstyleinconversationsamongtheJapanese.amongtheJapanese.8Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListening2. 2. WhichWhichofofthethefollowingfollowingcomparisonscomparisonsdoesdoesthethelisteninglisteningmakemake aboutabout JapaneseJapanese andand WesternWestern conversationalconversationalstyles?styles? A)A) TheJapanesestyleisliketennisandtheWesternTheJapanesestyleisliketennisandtheWesternstyleislikevolleyball.styleislikevolleyball.B)B) TheWesternstyleismoreathleticthantheTheWesternstyleismoreathleticthantheJapanesestyle.Japanesestyle.C)C) TheJapanesestyleislikebowlingandtheTheJapanesestyleislikebowlingandtheWesternstyleisliketennis.Westernstyleisliketennis.D)TheJapanesestyleislikesinglestennisandtheD)TheJapanesestyleislikesinglestennisandtheWesternstyleislikedoubles.Westernstyleislikedoubles.B)B) TheWesternstyleismoreathleticthantheTheWesternstyleismoreathleticthantheJapanesestyle.Japanesestyle.9Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListening3. 3. TheauthorconsiderstheWesternconversationalTheauthorconsiderstheWesternconversationalstyletobe_.styletobe_.A)moreinteractiveA)moreinteractive( (互动的互动的互动的互动的) )B)louderB)louderC)morepersonalC)morepersonalD)betterD)betterA)moreinteractiveA)moreinteractive( (互动的互动的互动的互动的) )10Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListening4. 4. TheThe authorauthor considersconsiders thethe JapaneseJapanese conversationalconversationalstyletobe_.styletobe_.A)easiertoadjusttoA)easiertoadjustto( (适应适应适应适应) )B)morestrictlyB)morestrictly( (严谨地严谨地严谨地严谨地) )organizedorganizedC)moretraditionalC)moretraditionalD)betterD)betterB)morestrictlyB)morestrictly( (严谨地严谨地严谨地严谨地) )organizedorganized11Pre-readingActivities:Pre-readingActivities:ListeningListening5. 5. Theauthorconcludesthat_.Theauthorconcludesthat_. A)A)onceonceyouyouknowknowthethedifferences,differences,ititisiseasyeasytotoadjustadjusttothemtothemB)becausesheisAmerican,shewillneverreallyB)becausesheisAmerican,shewillneverreallyunderstandJapanunderstandJapanC)lifewillbemucheasierforherstudentsthanitC)lifewillbemucheasierforherstudentsthanitwasforherwasforherD)itremainsdifficulttoswitchfromonestyletoD)itremainsdifficulttoswitchfromonestyletoanotheranotherD)itremainsdifficulttoswitchfromonestyletoD)itremainsdifficulttoswitchfromonestyletoanotheranotherScriptScript12Pre-ReadingActivities:Pre-ReadingActivities:ScriptScriptWhenWhenI ImovedmovedtotoJapan,Japan,I IoftenoftenhadhadtroubletroubletalkingtalkingwithwithJapaneseJapanesepeople.people.WheneverWheneverI Itriedtriedtotojoinjoinaaconversation,conversation,thethe othersothers wouldwould looklook surprisedsurprised andand suddenlysuddenly stopstoptalking.talking.I IknewknewI Iwaswasdoingdoingsomethingsomethingwrong,wrong,butbutI Ididntdidntknowwhat.knowwhat.MaybeMaybe I I cancan explainexplain mymy problemproblem byby comparingcomparingconversationsconversations toto certaincertain typestypes ofof ballgames.ballgames. AA Western-Western-stylestyle conversationconversation isis likelike aa gamegame ofof tennis.tennis. I I startstart byby“serving”“serving” aatopictopicandandI Iexpectexpectsomeonesomeonetotohithitititbackbackbybycommentingcommentingononititininsomesomeway.way.TheresTheresnonowaitingwaitingaround.around.WhoeversWhoevers nearestnearest andand quickestquickest stepssteps upup andand hitshits thethe“ball.”“ball.”13Pre-ReadingActivities:Pre-ReadingActivities:ScriptScriptJapaneseJapanese conversations,conversations, however,however, areare completelycompletelydifferent.different.TheyreTheyremoremorelikelikebowling.bowling.WhenWhenitsitsyouryourturn,turn,youyoustepstepupuptotothethelinelineandandcarefullycarefullyrollrollthetheballballdowndownthethelane.lane. ThenThen everyoneeveryone elseelse standsstands aroundaround andand watches,watches,pausingpausing atat thethe endend toto recordrecord youryour “score.”“score.” TwoTwo peoplepeoplenevernever talktalk atat thethe samesame time,time, andand nono oneone hashas toto connectconnectwhattheysaytowhatthelastpersonsaid.whattheysaytowhatthelastpersonsaid.ThisThisexplainsexplainswhywhyeveryoneeveryonereactedreactedsosostrangelystrangelywhenwhenI I startedstarted jumpingjumping intointo conversationsconversations inin Japan.Japan. ByByfollowingfollowingthetheWesternWesternrules,rules,ititwaswaslikelikeI Iwaswasplayingplayingthethewronggame.Ikeptjumpinginwhenitwasntmyturn.wronggame.Ikeptjumpinginwhenitwasntmyturn.14Pre-ReadingActivities:Pre-ReadingActivities:ScriptScriptNowNowI IseeseewhywhymymyJapaneseJapanesestudentsstudentshavehavesosomuchmuchtroubletroubleconversingconversingnaturallynaturallyininEnglish.English.EvenEvenwhenwhentheytheyknowknow enoughenough ofof thethe language,language, itsits hardhard forfor themthem toto getgetusedused toto jumpingjumping inin toto hithit thethe conversationalconversational “ball.”“ball.” IfIfyouveyouve beenbeen trainedtrained allall youryour lifelife toto playplay oneone game,game, itsitsveryvery hardhard toto switchswitch toto anotheranother eveneven afterafter someonesomeoneexplainstherules.explainstherules.15Pre-ReadingActivitiesPre-ReadingActivitiesIntensiveStudyDifficultsentencesKeywords,phrases&usagesRelatedinformation16IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudyConversational BallgamesConversational Ballgames bybyNancy Mansterson SakamotoNancy Mansterson Sakamoto 1 1AfterAfterI IwaswasmarriedmarriedandandhadhadlivedlivedininJapanJapanforfora awhile,while,mymyJapaneseJapanese graduallygradually improvedimproved toto thethe pointpoint wherewhere I I couldcould taketakepartpartininsimplesimpleconversationsconversationswithwithmymyhusband,husband,hishisfriends,friends,andandfamily.family. AndAndI Ibeganbegantotonoticenoticethatthatoften,often,whenwhenI Ijoinedjoinedin,in,thetheothersotherswouldwouldlooklookstartled,startled,andandthetheconversationconversationwouldwouldcomecometotoa ahalthalt. .AfterAfterthisthishappenedhappenedseveralseveraltimes,times,ititbecamebecameclearcleartotomemethatthatI Iwaswasdoingdoingsomethingsomethingwrong.wrong.ButButforfora alonglongtime,time,I Ididntdidntknowwhatitwas.knowwhatitwas.17IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy2 2Finally,Finally,afterafterlisteninglisteningcarefullycarefullytotomanymanyJapaneseJapaneseconversations,conversations,I Idiscovereddiscoveredwhatwhatmymyproblemproblemwas.was.EvenEventhoughthoughI IwaswasspeakingspeakingJapanese,Japanese,I Iwaswashandlinghandlingthetheconversationconversationinina aWesternway.Westernway. 3 3Japanese-styleJapanese-style conversationsconversations developdevelop quitequite differentlydifferently fromfromwestern-stylewestern-styleconversations.conversations.AndAndthethedifferencedifferenceisntisntonlyonlyininthethelanguages.languages.I IrealizedrealizedthatthatjustjustasasI Ikeptkepttryingtryingtotoholdholdwestern-western-stylestyleconversationsconversationsevenevenwhenwhenI IwaswasspeakingspeakingJapanese,Japanese,sosowereweremymyEnglishEnglishstudentsstudentstryingtryingtotoholdholdJapaneseJapanesestylestyleconversationsconversationsevenevenwhenwhentheytheywerewerespeakingspeakingEnglish.English.WeWewerewereunconsciouslyunconsciouslyplayingentirelydifferentconversationalballgames.playingentirelydifferentconversationalballgames.18IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy4 4AA western-stylewestern-style conversationconversation betweenbetween twotwo peoplepeople isis likelike a agamegame ofof tennistennis. . IfIf I I introduceintroduce a a topic,topic, a a conversationalconversational ball,ball, I Iexpectexpectyouyoutotohithitititback.back.IfIfyouyouagreeagreewithwithme,me,I Idontdontexpectexpectyouyousimplysimply toto agreeagree andand dodo nothingnothing more.more. I I expectexpect youyou toto addaddsomethingsomething a a reasonreason forfor agreeing,agreeing, anotheranother example,example, oror a aremarkremarktotocarrycarrythetheideaideafurther.further. ButButI Idontdontexpectexpectyouyoualwaysalwaystotoagree.agree.I Iamamjustjustasashappyhappyififyouyouquestionquestionme,me,ororchallengechallenge me,me,ororcompletelycompletelydisagreedisagreewithwithme.me.WhetherWhetheryouyouagreeagreeorordisagree,disagree,yourresponsewillreturntheballtome.yourresponsewillreturntheballtome.19IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy5 5AndAndthenthenititisismymyturnturnagain.again.I Idontdontserveservea anewnewballballfromfrommymyoriginaloriginalstartingstartingline.line.I Ihithityouryourballballbackbackagainagainfromfromwherewhereitithashasbounced.bounced.I Icarrycarryyouryourideaideafurther,further,ororansweransweryouryourquestionsquestionsororobjections,objections,ororchallengechallengeororquestionquestionyou.you.AndAndsosothetheballballgoesgoesbackandforth.backandforth.6 6IfIftheretherearearemoremorethanthantwotwopeoplepeopleininthetheconversation,conversation,thenthenititisislikelikedoublesdoublesinintennistennisororlikelikevolleyball.volleyball.TheresTheresnonowaitingwaitingininline.line.WhoeverWhoever isis nearestnearest andand quickestquickest hitshits thethe ball,ball,andand ifif youyoustepstepback,back,someonesomeoneelseelsewillwillhithitit.it.NoNooneonestopsstopsthethegamegametotogivegiveyouyoua aturn.turn.YoureYoureresponsibleresponsibleforfor takingtakingyouryourownownturnturnandandnonoonepersonhastheballforverylong.onepersonhastheballforverylong.20IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy7 7AA JapaneseJapanese stylestyle conversation,conversation, however,however, isis notnot atat allall likeliketennistennisororvolleyball,volleyball,itsitslikelikebowlingbowling. .YouYouwaitwaitforforyouryourturn,turn,andandyouyoualwaysalwaysknowknowyouryourplaceplaceininline.line.ItItdependsdependsononsuchsuchthingsthingsasaswhetherwhether youyou areare olderolder oror younger,younger, a a closeclose friendfriend oror a a relativerelativestrangerstrangertotothethepreviousprevious speaker,speaker,inina aseniorseniorororjuniorjuniorposition,position,andsoon.andsoon. 21IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy8 8TheThefirstfirstthingthingisistotowaitwaitforforyouryourturn,turn,patientlypatientlyandandpolitely.politely.WhenWhenyouryourmomentmomentcomes,comes,youyoustepstepupuptotothethestartingstartinglinelinewithwithyouryour bowlingbowling ball,ball, andand carefullycarefully bowlbowl it.it. EveryoneEveryone elseelse standsstandsback,back, makingmaking soundssounds ofof politepoliteencouragement.encouragement.EveryoneEveryonewaitswaitsuntiluntilyouryourballballhashasreachedreachedthetheendendofofthethelane,lane,andandwatcheswatchestotoseeseeififititknocksknocksdowndown allallthethepins,pins,ororonlyonlysomesomeofofthem,them,orornonenoneofof them.them. ThenThen therethere isis a a pause,pause, whilewhile everyoneeveryone registersregisters youryourscore.score.22IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy9 9Then,Then, afterafter everyoneeveryone isis suresure thatthat youyou areare done,done, thethe nextnextpersonpersonininlinelinestepsstepsupuptotothethesamesamestartingstartingline,line,withwitha adifferentdifferentball.ball.HeHedoesntdoesntreturnreturnyouryourball.ball.ThereThereisisnonobackbackandandforthforthatatall.all.AndAndtherethereisisalwaysalwaysa asuitablesuitablepausepausebetweenbetweenturns.turns.ThereThereisisnorush,noimpatience.norush,noimpatience.1010NoNo wonderwonder everyoneeveryone lookedlooked startledstartled whenwhen I I tooktook partpart ininJapaneseJapaneseconversations.conversations.I Ipaidpaidnonoattentionattentiontotowhosewhoseturnturnititwas,was,andandkeptkeptsnatchingsnatchingthetheballballhalfwayhalfway downdownthethelanelaneandandthrowingthrowingititbackbackatatthethebowler.bowler.OfOfcoursecoursethetheconversationconversationfellfellapart,apart,I Iwaswasplayingthewronggame.playingthewronggame.23IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy1111ThisThisexplainsexplainswhywhyititcancanbebesosodifficultdifficulttotogetgeta awestern-stylewestern-stylediscussiondiscussiongoinggoingwithwithJapaneseJapanesestudentsstudentsofofEnglish.English.WheneverWheneverI Iserveservea avolleyball,volleyball,everyoneeveryonejustjuststandsstandsbackbackandandwatcheswatchesititfall.fall.NoNooneonehitshitsititback.back.EveryoneEveryonewaitswaitsuntiluntilI Icallcallonon someonesomeonetototaketakea aturn.turn.AndAndwhenwhenthatthatpersonpersonspeaks,speaks,hehedoesntdoesnthithitmymyballballback.back.HeHeservesservesa anewnewball.ball.Again,Again,everyoneeveryonejustjustwatcheswatchesititfall.fall.SoSoI Icallcallononsomeonesomeoneelse.else.ThisThispersonpersondoesdoesnotnotreferrefertoto whatwhatthethepreviouspreviousspeakerspeakerhashassaid.said.HeHealsoalsoservesservesa anewnewball.ball.EveryoneEveryonebeginsbeginsagainagainfromfromthethesamesamestartingstartingline,line,andandallallthetheballsballsrunrunparallel.Thereisneveranybackandforth.parallel.Thereisneveranybackandforth.24IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy1212NowNowthatthat youyouknowknowaboutaboutthethedifferencedifferenceininthetheconversationalconversationalballgames,ballgames,youyoumaymaythinkthinkthatthatallallyouryourtroublestroublesareareover.over. ButButififyouyouhavehavebeenbeentrainedtrainedallallyouryourlifelifetotoplayplayoneonegame,game, itit isis nono simplesimple mattermatter toto switchswitch toto another,another, eveneven ifif youyouknowtherules.Tennis,afterall,isdifferentfrombowling.knowtherules.Tennis,afterall,isdifferentfrombowling.25tothepointwheretothepointwhere until,totheextentthat,uptothetimewhenuntil,totheextentthat,uptothetimewhensomethingdevelopsorisachievedsomethingdevelopsorisachievedExample:Example:HeexercisedsohardHeexercisedsohardtothepointwheretothepointwherehecouldnthecouldntmove.move.Translate:Translate:我学日语学到可以流利地讲话的程度。我学日语学到可以流利地讲话的程度。我学日语学到可以流利地讲话的程度。我学日语学到可以流利地讲话的程度。Key:Key:I I studied studied JapaneseJapanese to to the the point point wherewhere I I became became a a fluent speakerfluent speaker. .Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages26cometoahaltcometoahalt stopmoving;stopcompletelystopmoving;stopcompletelyExample:Example:ThecarsloweddownandThecarsloweddownandcametoahaltcametoahaltinfrontinfrontofthebuilding.ofthebuilding.Translate:Translate:TheeconomicboomTheeconomicboomcametoasuddenhaltcametoasuddenhalt. .Key:Key:经济繁荣期经济繁荣期经济繁荣期经济繁荣期嘎然而止嘎然而止嘎然而止嘎然而止。Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages27whoeverwhoevernomatterwhonomatterwhoExample:Example:WhoeverWhoevercomesherewillreceiveaVIPwelcome.comesherewillreceiveaVIPwelcome.Cf.Cf.WhateverWhatever, , howeverhowever, , whereverwherever, , whicheverwhichever, , etc. etc. can can be be used used as as conjunctions conjunctions in in the the same same way way as as the the expressions expressions no matter what, no matter how, and so on.no matter what, no matter how, and so on.e.g.e.g. Please let us know no matter where you go.Please let us know no matter where you go.= Please let us know = Please let us know whereverwherever you go. you go.e.g. Life goes on no matter how upset you are.e.g. Life goes on no matter how upset you are.= = HoweverHowever upset you are, life goes on. upset you are, life goes on.More to learnMore to learnGrammar FocusGrammar Focus29whoeverwhoevernomatterwhonomatterwhoDrill:Drill:Rewrite the following two sentences.Rewrite the following two sentences.1. 1.Nomatterwhichoneyouchoose,youllbeNomatterwhichoneyouchoose,youllbedisappointed.disappointed.2. 2.Nomatterwhatreasonyouhave,youshouldnotNomatterwhatreasonyouhave,youshouldnotcheat.cheat.WhicheverWhichever you choose, youll be disappointed you choose, youll be disappointedYou should not cheat You should not cheat whateverwhatever reason you have reason you have. .More to learnMore to learnGrammar FocusGrammar Focus30whoeverwhoevernomatterwhonomatterwhoDrill:Drill:Complete the following sentences(Complete the following sentences(P.41, Ex. VIIIP.41, Ex. VIII): ):1. 1.( (谁最胜任谁就谁最胜任谁就谁最胜任谁就谁最胜任谁就)_shouldgetthejob.)_shouldgetthejob.2. 2.( (每当天气不好时每当天气不好时每当天气不好时每当天气不好时) )_,hetakeswhateverumbrella_,hetakeswhateverumbrellahecanfind.hecanfind.3. 3.Hemakesalotoffriends(Hemakesalotoffriends(不管他到哪儿不管他到哪儿不管他到哪儿不管他到哪儿)_.)_.4. 4.Shecouldnotrememberwhatshehaddreamedof,Shecouldnotrememberwhatshehaddreamedof,( (不管她怎样努力不管她怎样努力不管她怎样努力不管她怎样努力)_.)_.Whenever the weathers bad Whenever the weathers bad wherever he goes wherever he goes however hard she tried however hard she tried Grammar FocusGrammar FocusWhoever is most qualifiedWhoever is most qualified 31taketurnstaketurns dosomethingonebyoneinregularorderdosomethingonebyoneinregularorderFill in the blank:Fill in the blank:Hey,dontjumpthequeue!Youshould_(Hey,dontjumpthequeue!Youshould_(等着轮等着轮等着轮等着轮到你到你到你到你). ).wait towait to take your turn take your turnExample:Example:ThestudentsThestudentstaketurnstaketurnsansweringtheteachersansweringtheteachersquestions.questions.Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages34previousprevious happening,coming,orbeingearlierintimeororderhappening,coming,orbeingearlierintimeororderTranslate:Translate:The police asked the suspect where he had been the The police asked the suspect where he had been the previousprevious night. night.Key:Key:警察问嫌疑人警察问嫌疑人警察问嫌疑人警察问嫌疑人前一天前一天前一天前一天晚上去了哪里。晚上去了哪里。晚上去了哪里。晚上去了哪里。Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages35halfwayhalfway atthemidpointbetweentwothingsatthemidpointbetweentwothingsExampleExampleIwasIwashalfwayhalfwayupthestairswhenIheardaknockatupthestairswhenIheardaknockatthedoor.thedoor.Translate:Translate:不要中途放弃，你能成功的。不要中途放弃，你能成功的。不要中途放弃，你能成功的。不要中途放弃，你能成功的。Key:Key: Dont give up Dont give up halfwayhalfway. You can make it. You can make it.Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages39refertoreferto talkaboutormention;speakabouttalkaboutormention;speakaboutTranslate:Translate:ThepresidentThepresidentreferredtoreferredtotheeconomiccrisisinAsiatheeconomiccrisisinAsiainhisTVstatement.inhisTVstatement.Key:Key:总统在电视讲话中总统在电视讲话中总统在电视讲话中总统在电视讲话中提到了提到了提到了提到了亚洲经济危机。亚洲经济危机。亚洲经济危机。亚洲经济危机。ExampleExampleAlthoughthenewspaperarticlenamednonames,Althoughthenewspaperarticlenamednonames,everyoneknewitwaseveryoneknewitwasreferringtoreferringtothebadbehaviorthebadbehaviorofthevotedWorldFootballeroftheYear.ofthevotedWorldFootballeroftheYear.Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages42now(that)now(that) asaresultofthefact(that);sinceasaresultofthefact(that);sinceExampleExampleNowthatNowthatIvebeentotheconcert,IunderstandwhyIvebeentotheconcert,Iunderstandwhyyoungpeoplearesocrazyaboutthesuperstar.youngpeoplearesocrazyaboutthesuperstar.Translate:Translate:既然你成年了，就要对自己的所作所为负责。既然你成年了，就要对自己的所作所为负责。既然你成年了，就要对自己的所作所为负责。既然你成年了，就要对自己的所作所为负责。Key:Key: Now thatNow that youre coming of age, you should be youre coming of age, you should be responsible for what you do.responsible for what you do.Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usagesMore to learnMore to learn43now(that)now(that) asaresultofthefact(that);sinceasaresultofthefact(that);sinceComplete the following sentences:(p. 42, Ex. X)Complete the following sentences:(p. 42, Ex. X)1. 1.Nowthatheisgettingolder,_.Nowthatheisgettingolder,_.2. 2. _nowthatthebushasbrokendownhalfway._nowthatthebushasbrokendownhalfway.he might be more patienthe might be more patient I have to take a taxi homeI have to take a taxi home Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages44switchswitch change,esp.suddenlychange,esp.suddenlyFill in the blank:Fill in the blank: Itisnogoodforyouto_(Itisnogoodforyouto_(太经常换工作太经常换工作太经常换工作太经常换工作). ).switchswitch jobs too often jobs too oftenExample:Example:HedidntseemtolikeanyoftheprogramsandkeptHedidntseemtolikeanyoftheprogramsandkeptswitchingswitchingfromonechanneltoanother.fromonechanneltoanother. Key words, phrases & usagesKey words, phrases & usages45Text-related information (2)Text-related information (2)BOWLINGGAMEBOWLINGGAMEAnindoorgameinwhichyourollalargeheavyAnindoorgameinwhichyourollalargeheavyballalongawoodentrackinordertoknockdownaballalongawoodentrackinordertoknockdownagroupofgroupofpinspins(woodenobjectsshapedlikebottles).(woodenobjectsshapedlikebottles).46Text-related information (1)Text-related information (1)TENNISTENNISAA gamegame forfor twotwo peoplepeopleorortwotwopairspairsofofpeoplepeoplewhowhouseuse racketsrackets toto hithit a a smallsmallsoftsoft ballball backwardsbackwards andandforwardsoveranet.forwardsoveranet.47ExercisesExercises1. Comprehension2. WordBuildingEx.VIEx.VIEx.VIIEx.VII3. Listening&SpeakingUnderstandingaConversationUnderstandingaConversationNote-TakingNote-Taking48ComprehensionComprehensionPara.13Para.13 IntroductionofthetopicIntroductionofthetopicTheOutlineofTextATheOutlineofTextATheThe authorauthor foundfound itit difficultdifficult toto joinjoin inin a a JapaneseJapaneseconversation,conversation, andand sheshe consideredconsidered thethe differencedifference ininconversationstyleasthereason.conversationstyleasthereason.Para.49Para.49AcomparisonAcomparisonRespectiveRespective descriptiondescription ofof thethe WesternWestern andand thetheJapaneseconversationstylesJapaneseconversationstyles49ComprehensionComprehensionPara.1011Para.1011HowthetwodifferentstylesinfluenceHowthetwodifferentstylesinfluenceconversationconversationTheOutlineofTextATheOutlineofTextATheTheauthorauthorwaswashandlinghandlingthetheJapaneseJapaneseconversationconversationinin a a WesternWestern way,way, whilewhile herher studentsstudents areare alwaysalwayshandlingtheEnglishconversationinaJapaneseway.handlingtheEnglishconversationinaJapaneseway.Para.12Para.12ConclusionConclusionItIt isis nono simplesimple mattermatter toto switchswitch fromfrom oneone stylestyle totoanother.another.50ComprehensionComprehensionFocusontheFocusonthecomparisoncomparisonandandcontrastcontrast betweenthetwoconversationstylesbetweenthetwoconversationstylesDetailedAnalysisofTextADetailedAnalysisofTextAintroducingatopicislike?makingaproperresponseislike?carryingonaconversationislike?Iftheconversationinvolvesmorethantwopeople,thenitislike?InInthetheauthorsauthorsdescription,description,a awestern-stylewestern-styleconversationconversation isislike?like?hittingtheballbackhittingtheballback. .makingtheballbackandforthmakingtheballbackandforth. .发球发球发球发球. . 网球双打网球双打网球双打网球双打. .likelike a agamegameofoftennistennis. . 51ComprehensionComprehensionFocusontheFocusonthecomparisoncomparisonandandcontrastcontrast betweenthetwoconversationstylesbetweenthetwoconversationstylesDetailedAnalysisofTextADetailedAnalysisofTextAwaiting your turn to speak is likewaitingyourturnto?whenandhowanopinionistobevoiceddependsmainlyon?A AJapanese-styleJapanese-styleconversationconversationisislike?like?bowlingbowling. . onesageonesagehowwelloneknowsthepreviousspeakerhowwelloneknowsthepreviousspeakeronessocialpositiononessocialposition（保龄球）投球（保龄球）投球（保龄球）投球（保龄球）投球. . 52ComprehensionComprehensionFocusontheFocusonthecomparisoncomparisonandandcontrastcontrast betweenthetwoconversationstylesbetweenthetwoconversationstylesDetailedAnalysisofTextADetailedAnalysisofTextAA AJapanese-styleJapanese-styleconversationconversation isislikelikebowlingbowling. .InInthetheauthorsauthorsdescription,description,a awestern-stylewestern-styleconversationconversation isislikelike a a gamegame ofoftennistennis. .Thetypicalfeatureoftheconversation:interactivebackandfortheveryonehastowaitforhisturnnobackandforth53WordBuildingWordBuildingTheThe suffixsuffix -ance -ance andand -ence-ence cancan replacereplace -ant -ant andand -ent -ent inincertaincertainadjectivesadjectivestotoformformnounsnounswithwiththethemeaningmeaning having having the the quality quality ororbeing in the condition being in the condition oftherootword.oftherootword.SuffixesSuffixes-ance-ance-ence-encetoreplace:toreplace:-ant-ant-ent-enttomean:tomean:havingthequalityhavingthequalitybeingintheconditionbeingintheconditione.g.e.g.differentdifferentdifferencedifference=thequalityofbeingdifferent=thequalityofbeingdifferentimportantimportantimportanceimportance=thequalityofbeingimportant=thequalityofbeingimportant读写教程读写教程 I: Ex. VI, p. 33Ex. VI, p. 3354WordBuildingWordBuildingVI.VI. TheThesuffixsuffix-ance -ance andand-ence-ence cancanreplacereplace-ant -ant andand -ent -ent inincertaincertainadjectivesadjectivestotoformformnounsnounswithwiththethemeaningmeaning having having the quality the quality ororbeing in the condition being in the condition oftherootword.oftherootword.A.A.1)1) absentabsent8)8)confidentconfident2)2) convenientconvenient 9)9)evidentevident 3)3) independentindependent10)10) intelligentintelligent 4)4) patientpatient11)11) presentpresent distantdistant12)12) violentviolent excellentexcellent13)13) significantsignificant silentsilent 14)14) differentdifferentabsenceabsenceconvenienceconvenienceindependenceindependencepatiencepatiencedistancedistanceconfidenceconfidenceevidenceevidenceintelligenceintelligencepresencepresenceviolenceviolenceexcellenceexcellencesignificancesignificancesilencesilencedifferencedifference55WordBuildingWordBuildingB B. .1. 1._ inin sportssports requiresrequires bothboth talenttalent andand hardhardtraining.training.2. 2.SinceSincegaininggainingitsits_ fromfromGreatGreatBritainBritaininin1947,1947,IndiaIndia hashas soughtsought toto developdevelop a a modern,modern, comprehensivecomprehensiveschoolsystem.schoolsystem.3. 3.EducatorsEducators agreeagree thatthat therethere areare nono teststests thatthat accuratelyaccuratelymeasuremeasure_. . 4. 4.TheThereturnreturnofofHongHongKongKongtotoChinaChinaononJulyJuly1,1,19971997waswasa ahistoricaleventofgreathistoricaleventofgreat_. .5. 5.HedoesnthaveenoughHedoesnthaveenough_tobeagoodteacher.tobeagoodteacher.ExcellenceExcellenceindependenceindependenceintelligenceintelligencesignificancesignificancepatiencepatience56WordBuildingWordBuilding6. 6.ThereThere waswas a a longlong _ afterafter BobBob hadhad finishedfinishedspeaking.speaking.7. 7.ManyMany parentsparents worryworry thatthat ifif theirtheir childrenchildren seesee tootoo muchmuch_ ononTVTVtheylltheyllbelievebelievethatthatfightingfightingandandkillingkillingarenormalbehaviorindailylife.arenormalbehaviorindailylife.8. 8.EnglishEnglishandandGermanGermanarearesistersisterlanguages,languages,butbutthererethererea alotlotofof_betweenthem.betweenthem.9. 9.TheThe _ fromfrom DetroitDetroit toto ChicagoChicago isis aboutabout twotwohundredandeightmiles.hundredandeightmiles.10.10. Ifyouneverpraiseher,shellnevergainself-Ifyouneverpraiseher,shellnevergainself-_. .silencesilenceviolenceviolencedifferencedifferencedistancedistanceconfidenceconfidence57WordBuildingWordBuildingTheTheprefixprefixdis- dis- cancanbebeaddedaddedtotoverbs,verbs,nounsnounsororadjectivesadjectivestotomakethemeaningofawordjusttheopposite.makethemeaningofawordjusttheopposite.PrefixPrefixdis-dis-tomean:tomean:withoutwithoutnotnotnonoe.g.e.g.agreeagreedisagreedisagree=notagree=notagreeorderorderdisorderdisorder=withoutorder=withoutorderhonesthonestdishonestdishonest=nothonest=nothonest读写教程读写教程 I: Ex. VII, p. 34Ex. VII, p. 3458WordBuildingWordBuildingFillFillininthetheblanksblankswithwithappropriateappropriateformsformsofofthethewordswordsgivengivenbelow.below.disappeardisappeardisadvantagedisadvantagedisagreedisagreedisbeliefdisbeliefdislikedislikedisorderdisorderdishonestdishonestdiscomfortdiscomfort disobeydisobeydissatisfieddissatisfied1.1. NotNoteveryeveryshipshipororplaneplanecrossingcrossingthetheBermudaBermudaTriangleTrianglehashas_. . disappeareddisappeared2.2.TheresTheres farfar tootoo muchmuch _ inin thisthis classroom;classroom; nownoweverybodysitdownandbequiet!everybodysitdownandbequiet! disorderdisorder59WordBuildingWordBuildingFillFillininthetheblanksblankswithwithappropriateappropriateformsformsofofthethewordswordsgivengivenbelow.below.disappeardisappeardisadvantagedisadvantagedisagreedisagreedisbeliefdisbeliefdislikedislikedisorderdisorderdishonestdishonestdiscomfortdiscomfort disobeydisobeydissatisfieddissatisfied3.3. TheThepreviousprevioussecretarysecretarywaswasdismisseddismissedbecausebecauseherher_ reporttothemanager.reporttothemanager. dishonestdishonest4. 4.WouldWouldyouyou_ youryourparentsparentsififyouyoubelievedbelievedtheytheywerewerewrong?wrong? disobeydisobey60WordBuildingWordBuildingFillFillininthetheblanksblankswithwithappropriateappropriateformsformsofofthethewordswordsgivengivenbelow.below.disappeardisappeardisadvantagedisadvantagedisagreedisagreedisbeliefdisbeliefdislikedislikedisorderdisorderdishonestdishonestdiscomfortdiscomfort disobeydisobeydissatisfieddissatisfied5. 5.ToTowhatwhatextentextentdodoyouyouagreeagreeoror_ withwiththethefamiliarfamiliarsaying:saying:“Morehaste,lessspeed.”“Morehaste,lessspeed.” disagreedisagree6.6. LivinginabigcityhasbothadvantagesandLivinginabigcityhasbothadvantagesand_. . disadvantagesdisadvantages61WordBuildingWordBuildingFillFillininthetheblanksblankswithwithappropriateappropriateformsformsofofthethewordswordsgivengivenbelow.below.disappeardisappeardisadvantagedisadvantagedisagreedisagreedisbeliefdisbeliefdislikedislikedisorderdisorderdishonestdishonestdiscomfortdiscomfort disobeydisobeydissatisfieddissatisfied7.7. ItItcancanbebefunfunsharingsharinga abedroombedroomwithwithfivefiveclassmates,classmates,butbut sometimessometimes youyou havehave toto putput upup withwith thethe _ ofofsuchlimitedlivingspace.suchlimitedlivingspace. discomfortdiscomfort8.8. AfterAfterhishisillness,illness,thetheoldoldmanmanbeganbegantototaketakea a_ totomanyofthefoodshedpreviouslyenjoyed.manyofthefoodshedpreviouslyenjoyed. dislikedislike62WordBuildingWordBuildingFillFillininthetheblanksblankswithwithappropriateappropriateformsformsofofthethewordswordsgivengivenbelow.below. disappeardisappeardisadvantagedisadvantagedisagreedisagreedisbeliefdisbeliefdislikedislikedisorderdisorderdishonestdishonestdiscomfortdiscomfort disobeydisobeydissatisfieddissatisfied9.9. AfterAfterhearinghearinghishisadventurousadventurousstory,story,theytheyallalllookedlookedatathiminhimin_. . disbeliefdisbelief10.10. WhatsWhatsthethemattermatterwithwithyouryourbrother?brother?HeHeseemsseemstotobebe_witheverythingandeveryone.witheverythingandeveryone. dissatisfieddissatisfied63AssignmentAssignment1.1.1.1. Ex. IV, p. Ex. IV, p. Ex. IV, p. Ex. IV, p. 323232322.2.2.2.Ex. V, p. Ex. V, p. Ex. V, p. Ex. V, p. 333333333.3.3.3.Ex. XI, p. Ex. XI, p. Ex. XI, p. Ex. XI, p. 353535354.4.4.4.Ex. XII, p. Ex. XII, p. Ex. XII, p. Ex. XII, p. 363636365.5.5.5.Preview Text B Preview Text B Preview Text B Preview Text B 64