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英语语法复习形容词知识讲解一、形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的。2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。(错)He is an ill man.(对)The man is ill.(错)She is an afraid girl.(对)The girl is afraid.这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice二、用形容词表示类别和整体多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) -出处-材料性质,类别-名词a small round tablea tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirta famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports car【典型例题】1) Tony is going camping with _ boys. A.little two other B.two little other C.two other little D.little other two答案:C。由限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) -性质-名词的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。2)One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stoneB.Chinese old stoneC.old stone ChineseD.Chinese stone old答案A.几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。3) - How was your recent visit to Qingdao?- It was great.We visited some friends,and spent the _days at the seaside.A.few last sunny B.last few sunny C.last sunny few D.few sunny last答案:B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后。限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体those + three + beautiful + large + square新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词old + brown + wood + table三、以-ly结尾的形容词1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。改错:(错) She sang lovely.(错) He spoke to me very friendly.(对) Her singing was lovely.(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.2
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